JP2892948B2 - Separation and removal method of mixture in liquid - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to unnecessary substances such as suspended matters and inclusions in liquids such as aqueous solutions and oil solutions (hereinafter referred to as mixtures).
And a method for separating and removing a mixture in a liquid that can be removed without using a drug.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method for separating and removing a mixture in a liquid such as a cleaning liquid or a cleaning agent in use, a method using a belt-type oil recovery machine, a method using paper with fine mesh,
A method of removing oil with a filter such as cloth or ceramics, a method of adsorbing and removing oil with a filter made of polypropylene or activated carbon, a method of specific gravity difference separation, a method of removing by sedimentation and separation by neutralization and coagulation reaction, and using air There are many methods such as a method by flotation separation and a permeable membrane separation method of separating by applying a pressure higher than the osmotic pressure.

[0003]

However, the method using the above-mentioned belt type oil recovery machine is to absorb and suck up the oil accumulated on the surface of the liquid tank using a metal belt, cloth or a string. Only the floating oil could be removed (see FIG. 6), and the mixture in the liquid could not be removed. In addition, the oil slipped down while being adsorbed and ascended, and water was also mixed in and collected, resulting in poor recovery efficiency. Further, since the belt and other materials are easily cut, the operation rate is low, and the kind of liquid that can be applied is limited, so that the liquid is used in a narrow range.

[0004] The method of removing the mixture with the filter or the method of adsorbing and removing the oil with the filter is performed by a filter,
A closed type such as a water purifier, an oil / water separator, a dehydrator, etc. is used, and the liquid is passed through or brought into contact with the filter to remove the filter. However, clogging is rapid, and maintenance and parts replacement for cleaning are frequently performed. It must be made. For this reason, since the filter is a consumable item, the cost is high. On the other hand, clogging is fast, so it is difficult for one device to separate impurities having different particle sizes.
The whole device was large. In addition, this filter could not separate oil and suspended matter (hereinafter referred to as SS), and post-treatment was costly. Next, as a method based on the specific gravity difference separation, a large oil droplet is formed by passing through a cartridge or a packing, and buoyancy is used. When a large SS is present, clogging is likely to occur. For this reason, a pre-filter for removing insoluble impurities is necessary at the previous stage, and frequent replacement of a cartridge or the like is necessary, so that maintenance is difficult and running cost is expensive. Other methods using the specific gravity difference separation include a coagulation sedimentation tank, a thickener, and an underflow type oil recovery machine, which provide a partition in the separation tank to lengthen the flow path and save time. In addition, a device has been devised to increase the efficiency by installing a shielding plate in the separation tank, but the device becomes large and a fine mixture cannot be obtained. Furthermore, in the method of sedimentation and separation by the neutralization and coagulation reaction, it is difficult to remove oil, and the chemical cannot be returned to the stock tank due to the introduction of chemicals, and the apparatus becomes large. In the method using air flotation, dust and oil can be removed, but the efficiency and the size of the apparatus are large, and oil and SS cannot be separated. Lastly, the permeable membrane separation method can separate the emulsion, but it reduces the detergency because it removes a part of the active ingredient, and it is easily clogged.
There were problems such as high running costs.

[0005] It should be noted that the method of removing the mixture from the liquid, such as a filter or a separator, is based on the idea that the mixture present in the liquid is separated based on the same particle size and the same specific gravity. It is only a device for the purpose of filtration, and in fact, various types of particles and specific gravities are mixed.
Currently, the clogging is fast and the running cost is high.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a method for separating and removing a mixture in a liquid in which the entire apparatus can be made compact, efficiently separated and removed, and the running cost is reduced without any trouble. .

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems. That is, a liquid is introduced from a liquid introduction pipe disposed on one side of an apparatus main body having an upper opening. The liquid supply process and the liquid as it gets closer to the discharge pipe
Coarse, medium, and fine boards are used to reduce the size of the holes.
B) Pass through the arranged flow straightening plate to make the flow velocity uniform and gentle. B) The uniform flow velocity process and the coarse filter unit
G and medium filter unit and fine filter unit
And a multi-stage filter unit consisting of
Each filter unit itself consists of many sheets
On the front and rear sides, compared to the filter mesh
Multi-stage filter with fine mesh filters
Data - submerged unit in the liquid, the multistage filter - the unit, while the liquid is gradually passed, heavy mixture specific gravity than the liquid will settle, and c) separation process lighter mixture of specific gravity that floats, Floating matter such as oil is naturally discharged from an overflow pipe provided at a floating layer position above a discharge pipe arranged on the other side of the apparatus main body, and sediment is removed from a sludge discharge pipe provided below the apparatus main body. D) removal process, which periodically discharges,
Formed from that e) discharging process emissions from outlet of the discharge pipe mixture to clean the liquid removed in the liquid.

[0008]

Next, the steps of the method of the present invention will be described. When the liquid is introduced into the apparatus main body (1) from the liquid introduction pipe (2) in advance and filled therein, and when the liquid enters the apparatus main body (1) from the liquid introduction pipe (2), first, the rectifying plate (3) As a result, the flow of the liquid is dispersed and passes through the holes of the current plate (3), so that the flow becomes uniform at a uniform flow rate. This rectification effect will be described in detail with reference to FIG. First, when the liquid enters the apparatus main body (1) through the liquid introduction pipe (2), the flow of the liquid is dispersed in the vertical direction on the first coarse plate (31), and the holes of the coarse plate (31) are formed. , And the flow strikes the second mesh plate (32), and the flow of the liquid is further dispersed.
This liquid flow hits the third fine plate (33), and is dispersed up and down and through the holes, so that it is dispersed more widely, so that the liquid flow has a uniform flow rate and a gentle flow. It becomes something. At this time, the cross-sectional area in the flow direction in the apparatus main body (1) becomes 50 times or more the cross-sectional area of the liquid introduction pipe (2), and the upper part is opened so that the processing can be performed at atmospheric pressure. . For example, it is about 10 mm / sec or less.

When the liquid passes through a multistage filter unit (4) submerged in advance in a gentle flow having a flow velocity of about 10 mm / sec or less, the coarse filter unit (41) and the medium filter unit (42). ), The fine filter unit (43) causes the mixture in the liquid to be heavier than the liquid, for example, carbon, swarf, fiber debris such as gloves, carbon smut, etc., SS to settle down, and the specific gravity is higher than the liquid. Light mixtures, such as oils, float. At this time, the oil floating in the liquid is agglomerated when passing through each of the filter units (41), (42), and (43), is coarsened after passing, and has a large buoyancy with respect to the liquid, and floats. The SS in the liquid grows gradually and settles while drifting in front of the filter units (41), (42), (43). In addition, since the multi-stage filter unit (4) is installed perpendicularly to the flow path so as to have a resistance, the filter unit can be surely separated vertically and the separation efficiency can be greatly improved. Is small.
Finer mixture can be added to fine filter unit (43)
Therefore it can be taken.

In this case, the principle that the multistage filter unit (4) is unlikely to be clogged will be described with reference to FIG. First, a mixture of various sizes large and small flows in the liquid, flows as indicated by the arrow in the figure, and when it comes to the front of the multi-stage filter unit (4), the mixture larger than the mesh is separated vertically and the mixture smaller than the mesh. Passes as it is, temporarily with the next mesh or a finer mesh
And it is also separated vertically and can be separated and removed according to particle size and specific gravity. At this time, the flow of the liquid repeatedly passes through the fine and coarse portions and gradually passes through the narrowed portions, so that the liquid is hardly clogged. In particular, in the method of the present invention, the flow of the liquid is gentle. Generally, when the liquid is left in the air, a separation layer is spontaneously formed due to the difference in specific gravity as shown in FIG. Since a layer is formed, separation can be performed very efficiently. At this time, some of the particles float near the mesh and are difficult to be separated vertically, but are separated vertically when time elapses, so that they hardly adhere to the mesh. Furthermore, by using a metal mesh net or a punching plate for the multi-stage filter unit (4), unlike conventional materials such as fiber and paper, there is no lint or fluff of its own, so clogging is prevented. Is more difficult to do. A comparison between the method of the present invention and the conventional method using the conventional apparatus shows that the conventional method requires replacement once a week, but the method of the present invention requires six months. It is also good. In other words, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and multi-stage filter unit (4)
It was taken out and checked for clogging, but it was confirmed that there was almost no deposits and no clogging was observed. Therefore, clogging does not occur even when the discharged liquid is regenerated, and replacement of consumables and maintenance of periodic cleaning parts are almost unnecessary, so that lining cost can be reduced.
When the filter comes out of the liquid, dust adheres and accumulates. However, since the filter of the present invention sinks in the liquid, it is considered that dirt on the multi-stage filter unit (4) hardly adheres.

After the mixture in the liquid is separated, a portion of the oil remaining in the floating layer, which is higher than the position of the overflow pipe (6), is automatically discharged to the outside. The sediment such as settled SS and sludge is periodically discharged from the sludge discharge pipe (7). Next, the clean liquid separated and removed is a fine plate (33)
, The liquid is sucked from an outlet (51) provided at a moderate and moderate depth and discharged from the discharge pipe (5). Thereafter, the discharged clean liquid is returned to the cleaning tank or another tank and circulated, so that the liquid can be used repeatedly, and the life of the liquid is extended. In the method of the present invention, no replacement parts are required, and the amount of oil removed per time is much larger than that of the conventional product. It has been confirmed that the processing capacity has been improved about 100 times as compared with the conventional apparatus having the same volume.

As the liquid that can be treated by the method of the present invention, for example, oils such as aqueous or aqueous cleaning liquids, organic solvents , industrial and domestic wastewater, aqueous solutions, and aqueous cutting agents can be separated and removed. Further, SS such as cleaning liquid, aqueous solution, industrial water, industrial wastewater, aqueous cutting agent, oil solution and the like can be separated and removed. Further, it is also possible to separate and remove hydroxide from aqueous solution such as industrial wastewater, water from used oil solution, and metal powder from used drawing oil. For this reason, examples of applications include the recovery of floating oil from wastewater treatment tanks and various cleaning devices, the use of pretreatment liquids such as plating and painting, the treatment of sewage, the processing of livestock manure, and the recovery of cooling water from quenching and rolling. for,
It will be used for a wide variety of purposes, such as for collecting floating oil in food factories, for collecting floating oil in pits of car repair shops and gas stations, and for cleaning liquids for metal parts.

[0013]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a main structure of an apparatus used in an embodiment of the method of the present invention, and the explanation will be given based on this. (1)
Is an apparatus main body having an open upper part, and a lower part thereof is inclined so that sediment is easily aggregated. (2) is a liquid introduction pipe arranged at one side of the apparatus main body (1), and the liquid introduction pipe (2) is arranged at a middle depth, but the position may be above or elsewhere. . Reference numeral (3) denotes a metal or plastic rectifying plate provided in the apparatus body (1). The rectifying plate (3) includes a coarse plate (31) and a medium plate from the liquid introduction pipe (2) side. (32) and a fine plate (33), and the fine plate (33) is also provided on the discharge pipe (5) side described later. As shown in FIG. 2, the holes of the current plate (3) are shifted from the holes of the coarse plate (31) and the holes of the intermediate plate (32), and the holes of the intermediate plate (32) and the fine plates (33) are shifted. The holes are also offset and the rectifying effect is enhanced by gradually reducing the total opening area of the coarse board (31), the medium board (32), and the fine board (33). The function of the rectifying plate (3) is to make the liquid flow uniformly over the entire surface of the multistage filter unit (4) described later, and the inflowing liquid spreads while passing through each plate and moves forward. move on. The total area of the holes formed in the coarse plate (31) is set to be not more than 5 times the cross-sectional area of the liquid introduction pipe (2). Above this level, the flow of the liquid cannot be uniform over the entire surface of the multi-stage filter unit (4).

(4) is a metal multi-stage filter unit comprising a coarse filter unit (41), a medium filter unit (42) and a fine filter unit (43). Each of the filter units (41), (42) and (43) of the unit (4) is composed of a large number (see FIG. 3). The mesh of the filter of the coarse filter unit (41) will be described in detail. From the side of the liquid introduction pipe (2), 6 mesh, 12 mesh, 6 mesh, 24 mesh, 6 mesh, 50 mesh, and 6 mesh are arranged. The coarse mesh filters on both sides serve as reinforcement, the central side plays the role of the original coarseness, and the fine ones are arranged on both sides. The mesh filter unit (42) and the fine filter unit (43) are arranged in a similar combination, though the meshes are different. 5 to 100 mesh is used as the whole mesh of the multi-stage filter unit (4), and the mesh is arranged so as to become relatively finer as it approaches the discharge pipe (5) side. All the multistage filter units (4) are submerged in the liquid. When the liquid comes out of the liquid, dust accumulates and clogs, resulting in soiling of the liquid itself. Reference numeral (5) denotes a discharge pipe which is arranged on the other side of the apparatus main body (1), has an outlet (51) at a middle depth, and has a larger diameter than the liquid introduction pipe (2). The outlet pipe (5) may have any diameter so that the liquid can flow naturally. The height of the discharge pipe (5) is set slightly below the floating layer. Reference numeral (6) denotes an overflow pipe disposed on the other side of the apparatus main body (1) and provided at a floating layer position above the discharge pipe (5). The overflow pipe (6) naturally discharges oil and the like accumulated in the floating layer, and the height of the overflow pipe is generally 1 to 3 cm higher than the pipe height of the discharge pipe (5). In general, the height of 6) is set at an intermediate position of the thickness of the floating layer, so that only a part of the emulsion containing a large amount of oil can be removed, and a part of the emulsion having a large detergency can be left. It is sustainable. The position of the overflow pipe (6) is preferably adjustable by providing an adjusting screw or the like. (7) is a sludge discharge pipe provided below the apparatus main body (1).

Next, an embodiment of the method of the present invention will be described. First, a) a liquid supply process is performed. In this process, the liquid is supplied from the liquid introduction pipe (2) of the apparatus main body (1) having an open upper part into the apparatus main body (1) at a supply rate of 10 liter / min by a pump (not shown). Inject one of washing liquid, washing water, industrial and domestic wastewater, and oil solution.
For example, the case of an alkaline aqueous solution which is a cleaning solvent for the pretreatment of plating will be described. First, the flow of the solution is dispersed on the rectifying plate (3) and passes through the rectifying plate (3), so that a uniform flow rate is obtained. And the flow becomes gentle, and b) the process of uniforming the flow velocity is performed. The flow rate of the liquid at this time is about
10 mm / sec or less. Next, c) a separation process is performed. In this process, when the liquid passes through a multistage filter unit (4) submerged in advance in a gentle flow with a flow velocity of about 10 mm / sec or less, the coarse filter unit (41) and the medium filter The mixture passes through the unit (42) and the fine filter unit (43) in this order to separate the mixture vertically. That is, a mixture having a higher specific gravity than the liquid sediments, and a mixture having a lower specific gravity than the liquid floats. The mixture such as oil separated and accumulated in the floating layer is naturally discharged from the overflow pipe (6),
The sediment such as settled SS and sludge is discharged from the sludge discharge pipe (7) to complete the removal process. At the same time, e) the discharging process is performed. In this process, a clean liquid separated and removed is applied to the fine plate (33), and the liquid is sucked from an outlet (51) provided in a gentle and middle depth and discharged from the discharge pipe (5). . Thereafter, the discharged clean liquid may be returned to the cleaning tank or another tank and circulated. At this time, the discharge capacity of the discharge pipe (5) is 12 liters / min, and in practice, 9 liters / min of clean liquid is taken out. The discharge capacity of the overflow pipe (6) is 5 liters / min. Discharges the floating layer mixture, such as 1 liter / minute oil. As described above, it is possible to continuously separate and remove the oil component and the SS using the specific gravity difference.

[0016]

According to the present invention, the liquid is introduced from the liquid introduction pipe (2).
The hole in the liquid becomes smaller as it gets closer to the discharge pipe (5).
Coarse board (31), medium board (32), fine board (3
By passing through the current plate (3) in which the (3) is arranged,
It is distributed over a branch and its flow is uniform and gentle.
It becomes a kana thing. Also, use this solution for coarse filter unit.
G (41), medium filter unit (42) and fine filter
Multi-stage filter unit consisting of
When the filter (4) is passed slowly, each filter unit
(41), (42) and (43) themselves consist of many pieces
On the front and rear sides, compared to the filter mesh
Because a filter with a fine mesh is arranged,
No clogging, and make sure to separate
The separation efficiency is greatly improved. Even finer mixtures
And the oil content in the wastewater is reduced, and this liquid flows to the river.
However, unlike conventional oil spills,
It is very useful and can contribute to global environmental conservation.
Because Moreover, in one device, impurities with different particle sizes and
Separation of oil and SS is possible, and the entire device is compact
Can be Also cut like a conventional belt or other material
Operation rate increases dramatically,
Can be removed. Moreover, the conventional consumable
No need for tools, little cost, maintenance
Extremely easy and hassle-free, and the mixture separates up and down
Oil and sludge that has been removed as before.
Is not mixed, so the cost of waste liquid treatment
The man-hour can be reduced and the service life of the liquid can be extended.
As a result, running costs are also reduced. In addition, as a processing liquid,
Applicable for washing liquid, washing water, industrial and domestic wastewater, oil solution, etc.
A wide variety of liquids that can be used
I got it.

[0017]

[0018]

[0019]

[0020]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a main structure according to the method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing uniform flow velocity by the current plate of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a main structure of a filter unit of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a separated and removed state according to the method of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a liquid is naturally separated due to a difference in specific gravity.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a main structure according to a conventional method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Apparatus main body 2 Liquid introduction pipe 3 Rectifier plate 31 Coarse plate 32 Intermediate plate 33 Fine plate 4 Multistage filter unit 41 Coarse filter unit 42 Medium filter unit 43 Fine filter unit 5 Drain pipe 51 Outlet 6 Overflow Flow pipe 7 Sludge discharge pipe

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A liquid introduction pipe (2) is arranged on one side of an apparatus main body (1) having an open top, and an outlet (51) is provided at an intermediate depth on the other side. The liquid introduction pipe (2)
A discharge pipe (5) having a larger diameter than the discharge pipe (5), and an overflow pipe (6) provided at a floating layer position above the discharge pipe (5);
Further, a liquid supply step in which a sludge discharge pipe (7) is provided below the apparatus main body (1), and a liquid is introduced into the apparatus main body (1) from the liquid introduction pipe (2). B) In the device main body (1), a coarse hole having a large number of holes is formed.
Rectifying plate consisting of plate (31), middle plate (32) and fine plate (33)
(3) The size of the hole increases as it approaches the discharge pipe (5).
After being arranged so that the height becomes smaller, the current plate
(3) A flow velocity uniforming process in which the liquid is passed through to make the flow velocity uniform and gentle. C) Below the floating layer of the device body (1) , a coarse filter
Filter unit (41) and medium filter unit (42)
And a fine filter unit (43).
Filter unit (4), and each filter
-Units (41), (42) and (43) themselves consist of many pieces
A filter mesh sandwiched between the front and rear sides
The filter in which a filter having a finer mesh is arranged.
The step-type filter unit (4) is submerged in the liquid, and while the liquid slowly passes through the multi-stage filter unit (4), the mixture having a higher specific gravity than the liquid settles and is lighter than the liquid. A separation process in which the mixture floats. D) A removal process in which the mixture floating on the floating layer is naturally discharged from the overflow pipe (6), and the settled sediment is periodically discharged from the sludge discharge pipe (7). E) The clean liquid which has been separated and removed passes through the discharge pipe (5).
Discharge process to discharge from A method for separating and removing a mixture in a liquid, comprising the steps described above.