JP3155693U - tile - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To make it possible to easily determine whether a mortar can be filled with a high density so that the tile and joints are not easily peeled off, and whether the tile is embedded and pasted in an appropriate and uniform depth in the mortar. Realize the side groove on the tile side. A vertical groove 4 is formed on the back surface 3 of the tile 1, and a side groove 5 is formed on the side surface 2 between the front surface side flat surface 7 and the back surface side flat surface 8. 5 is connected at the back surface side edge 11 of the inclined surface 10 and the inclined surface 10 where the depth of the side groove 5 gradually increases from the front surface side to the back surface side, and orthogonal to the back surface side flat surface 8. And a flat bottom surface 12 to be connected, the cross-sectional view is formed in a bowl shape, and when the tile 1 is pushed and embedded in the mortar, the mortar wraps around the side groove 5 of the tile from the back side of the tile 1, 12 deposit mortar. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a tile, and more particularly to a tile that is attached to an outer wall of a building via a mortar.

  There is a problem that tiles attached to the outer wall of a building concrete or the like through mortar are peeled off unless they are sufficiently bonded with mortar. Therefore, conventionally, a tile that increases the adhesion area with the mortar by providing a groove on the back surface of the tile that adheres to the mortar is known (see Patent Document 1).

  For the purpose of further improving tiles provided with such grooves, the present inventor has provided grooves that connect the grooves to each other orthogonally to a plurality of grooves in one direction already provided on the back surface. At the same time, a tile has been proposed in which the groove is formed so as to open further at the side portion so that air does not easily stay on the back surface and is less likely to peel off (see Patent Document 2).

  In a tile having a groove that allows a sticking mortar to enter the back surface, a configuration in which a concave groove such as a curved shape that allows mortar to enter the side surface is also known (see Patent Documents 3 to 5).

  A rectangular groove formed on the side of the tile is fitted into the hole of the fitting plate such as metal or reinforced plastic and fixed with a bolt, and then the mortar is driven from the back side, and the fitting plate and the tile are integrated at the same time. A manufacturing method of a joint tile panel that completes the joint is known (see Patent Document 6).

  Holes or grooves that penetrate the tiles are provided, and metal tiles are inserted through the holes or grooves to connect multiple tiles, and in the tiles that prevent peeling and destruction, mud grooves are formed on the back and side surfaces of the tiles. The mud groove formed on this side surface is the closest to the surface side, starting from the lower edge of the back side on the side surface of the tile, and forming an inclined surface that gradually deepens from the back side to the front side A configuration in which a flat top surface is formed at the deepest portion is described (see Patent Document 7).

JP 11-81622 A Utility Model Registration No. 3144970 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-28550 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 52-97230 (see FIGS. 3 to 5) Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-101932 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) JP-A-55-61467 1958 Utility Model Application Notice No. 876

  As shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2, tiles provided with grooves on the back surface have a temporary effect because the adhesion area with the mortar increases. In addition, tiles having concave grooves on the side surfaces (Patent Documents 3 to 7 and the like) have a temporary effect because the contact area increases.

  However, the present inventor aims to obtain a tile having a structure that does not easily peel off by strongly bonding the tile through a mortar, and also has a structure in which the joint constructed as a tiled finish is also difficult to peel off. In order to obtain the above-mentioned results, detailed research and development has been conducted in particular on the structure of the side surface of the tile and the structure of the side groove provided on the side surface of the tile. As a result, it has been found that a sufficient effect cannot always be obtained by simply forming a concave groove on the side surface of the tile and wrapping the mortar or the like into the groove.

  For example, a curved groove as shown in Patent Documents 3 and 4 is described in a configuration in which a curved groove 62 is formed in a tile 61 (referred to as a tile of Conventional Example 1) as shown in FIG. To do. The area of the adhesion portion 64 with the mortar 63 that has entered the groove 62 from the back surface side of the tile 61 is also relatively small, and the surface of the adhesion portion 64 is directed to the front surface side of the tile (upward in FIG. 8A). ) From the point of view of the configuration, as will be described later, as in the present invention, it has a flat bottom surface 12 and does not have a strong resistance to the force F in the peeling direction, and does not necessarily have sufficient strength against peeling. .

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8C, when the groove 66 formed on the side surface of the tile 65 (referred to as the tile of Conventional Example 2) has a rectangular shape, the mortar 63 is unlikely to enter the depth of the groove 66. In the joint application operation to be performed, there is a problem that the joint material 67 does not easily enter the groove 66, the joint itself is easily peeled off, and the appearance and rainwater are weak against intrusion.

  Further, the mud groove shown in Patent Document 7 will be described with a configuration in which a groove 71 having a similar shape is formed in a tile 71 (referred to as a tile of Conventional Example 3) as shown in FIG. The tile 71 has a configuration in which an inclined surface 73 is formed on the side surface starting from the rear surface side edge 74 and gradually deeper toward the surface side, and a flat top surface 75 is formed in the deepest portion.

  Since the depth of the groove 72 is shallower on the back surface side (the lower side of the groove 72 in FIG. 8E), the mortar 63 that has come in from the back surface side of the tile 71 Even if it is bonded to the inner surface, the bonded portion has a relatively small contact area with the mortar 63, and the bonded portion is an inclined surface. Unlike the configuration having the side groove 5 having the bottom surface 12, a strong resistance against the force F in the peeling direction does not occur, and the strength is not necessarily sufficient for peeling.

  Further, the tile 71 is formed at an acute angle at the back side edge 74 (the lower edge of the inclined surface 73), and since there is no back side flat surface, the tile 71 is easily damaged during transportation of the tile 71, tile attaching work, and the like. There's a problem.

  The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional tiles, and the adhesion with the mortar is performed strongly so that the tiles are difficult to peel off and the joints can be filled with high density so that the joints are not peeled off. It is an object of the present invention to realize a side surface of a tile that is difficult to perform and a structure of a side groove provided on the side surface of the tile.

  By the way, the present inventor has been engaged in tile construction work and supervision work for many years at building sites such as buildings, etc., but through such many years of work experience, the following innovative new I came up with a challenge.

  That is, in the construction in which a tile is attached to the outer wall surface of a building concrete or the like via a mortar, the operator touches the tile against the applied mortar surface and then pushes in (puts in) the tile in the mortar. To be embedded in. In this case, if the depth embedded in the mortar is too shallow, the adhesive strength will be weak, and if it is too deep, the appearance will be poor, and further, if one part is shallow and the other part is deep in one tile, Even if shallow and deep tiles are mixed together, the tiles are bumpy when viewed from the outside, which causes a problem of poor appearance.

  Traditionally, tiling at an equal depth in such a mortar relies on the intuition and skill of the operator. Tiling experts can tile at the same depth with their skill, but for beginners, it is difficult to tile at the same depth, and considerable experience is required until one person becomes a single person. It is. However, in recent years, the number of young workers in this technical field has decreased, and even a novice who has no experience has been required to have some way to easily tile the mortar with an equal depth.

  Therefore, the inventor pays attention to the side groove provided on the side surface, and performs the tile attaching work in the mortar with a uniform depth or the application of the appropriate depth on the basis of the position of the rear side edge of the side groove. The knowledge that it was possible to judge whether it was attached was obtained. That is, if the mortar wraps around the surface side from the position of the back side edge of the side groove formed on the side surface of the tile, the mortar is filled in the side groove, and the tile enters the mortar up to a certain height from the back side. Being embedded can be easily determined visually.

  However, in the tile 61 of Conventional Example 1 shown in FIG. 8B, the surface of the curved groove 62 is formed as a curved surface toward the front and back of the tile 61 when viewed from the outside, and the surface of the tile 61 Since the area visible from the side is small, the rear surface side edge 68 of the groove 62 is difficult to clearly identify visually. Therefore, in the tile 61 of the conventional example 1, is the mortar 63 filled around the groove 62 beyond the back side edge 68, that is, whether the tile 61 is embedded in the mortar appropriately? It is difficult to judge visually whether or not. Even if a part of the surface of the curved groove 62 can be visually observed, since the surface is formed in the front and back direction, it is not a flat surface as in the present invention described later (FIG. 8B). It is a surface that changes in the vertical direction), so it cannot be a standard for the embedding depth.

  Further, in the case of a rectangular groove 66 as in the tile 65 of Conventional Example 2 shown in FIG. 8D, the width w in the front and back direction of the groove 66 is smaller than the side groove 5 of the present invention described later. As shown in FIG. 8 (d), the bottom surface 69 of the groove 66 is difficult to see when viewed from the outside, and therefore the rear edge 70 of the groove 66 is difficult to see, so is the embedment depth in the mortar appropriate? It is difficult to judge visually whether or not.

  Further, in the case of the groove 72 such as the tile 71 of the conventional example 3 shown in FIG. 8 (f), the rear surface side edge 74 of the groove 72 is difficult to identify from the outside as in the conventional example 1, and can be temporarily identified. However, since the back surface side edge 74 is at the same position as the back surface of the tile 71, the back surface side edge 74 becomes invisible when the tile 71 is pushed into the mortar even a little, so means for indicating the reference of the embedding depth in the mortar It will not be. Further, even if a part of the inclined surface 73 of the groove 62 is visible, the surface is formed in the front and back direction and is not a flat surface as in the present invention described later (in FIG. Since it is a changed surface), it cannot be a standard for the embedding depth.

  It is an object of the present invention to realize a side groove structure on the side surface of a tile that can be easily judged at a glance whether or not a tile is embedded and pasted at an appropriate and uniform depth in a mortar. It is.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has a shape in which the vertical and horizontal lengths are different in a plan view, and a plurality of parallel vertical grooves extending in the vertical direction are formed on the back surface, and the back surface is structured by mortar. A tile to be attached to a surface, and on the side surface of the tile, a front side flat surface having a constant width in the front and back direction, a back side flat surface having a constant width in the front and back direction, a front side flat surface and a back side flat surface In the meantime, a side groove having a constant width in the front and back direction and extending in the longitudinal direction of the side surface is formed, and the side groove is an inclined surface that gradually increases the depth of the side groove from the front surface side toward the back surface side. And a flat bottom surface connected at an edge on the back surface side of the inclined surface and connected orthogonally to the flat surface on the back surface side, and a tile characterized by being formed in a bowl shape in a sectional view provide.

  It is preferable that a horizontal groove that connects the plurality of parallel vertical grooves to each other, an opening groove that communicates the vertical groove with the outside on a side surface, or both the horizontal groove and the opening groove are formed.

  The side groove may be formed on the side surface of the long side along the vertical direction, the side surface of the short side along the horizontal direction, or the side surface of the long side along the vertical direction and the side surface of the short side along the horizontal direction. preferable.

  It is preferable that the said side groove is formed in the full length of the longitudinal direction of the side surface of a tile.

  It is preferable that the said side groove is formed in a part of longitudinal direction of the side surface of a tile.

  On the side surface of the tile of the present invention, leaving a surface-side flat surface with a constant width from the front surface side and a back surface-side flat surface with a constant width from the back surface side, between the front surface side flat surface and the back surface side flat surface, A side groove having a constant width is formed, and the side groove is a flat surface perpendicular to the back side flat surface and a linear inclined surface in a cross sectional view in which the depth of the side groove gradually increases from the front side to the back side. Since the cross-sectional view is formed in a bowl shape, the following effects are produced.

(1) Mortar that wraps around the bottom wall of the side groove from the back side of the tile engages with the bottom wall, and the tile is difficult to peel off.
(2) The mortar that wraps around from the back side of the tile is easy to fill the deepest part on the bottom wall of the side groove by pushing the tile to the mortar side and guiding it by the inclined surface, and enough mortar on the bottom wall Can go around.

(3) Since the tile is gradually formed deeper from the front side to the back side, the joint material filled from the front side is easy to fill into the side groove, and the mortar is filled from the back side of the tile into the side groove. It is difficult for voids to form between the two and the joint itself is difficult to peel off.
(4) Since the side groove is formed on the side surface of the tile via the front side thick part and the back side thick part, respectively, the front side edge and the back side edge are not fragile and are damaged. Hateful.

(5) Since the side groove formed on the side surface of the tile has an edge on the back side that is continuous with the flat bottom surface, it is easy to visually identify it from the outside. When the dimension of the thick portion on the back surface side is designed so that the mortar wraps around the embedding side groove, the edge on the back surface side serves as a means for indicating the reference of the embedding depth to the operator.

  Therefore, since the operator can determine whether the tile is sufficiently embedded in the mortar based on whether or not the edge on the back side is visible, the tile is relatively easy even for non-experts. With a depth that is difficult to peel off, it can be embedded in the mortar evenly with no bumps when seen from the outside, and can be tiled properly as a skilled worker.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure explaining Example 1 of this invention, (a) is a top view which shows the back surface of a tile, (b) is a front view which shows a tile side surface, (c) is the end surface of the longitudinal direction of a tile (D) is a principal part enlarged view. It is a figure explaining the effect | action of Example 1 of this invention, (a) is a figure which shows the state which pushes a tile into a mortar and embeds, (b) is a figure with which the joint is filled, (c) (A) is a figure which shows the principal part of (a), (d), (e) is a principal part enlarged view explaining the state which pushes and embeds a tile in mortar. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure explaining the effect | action of Example 1 of this invention, (a) is a figure which shows the state which mortar does not wrap around enough in a groove | channel, (b) mortar wraps around enough in a groove | channel. It is a figure which shows a state, (c) is a figure which shows the state in which the tile is uneven and the tile is pushed into the mortar. It is a figure explaining Example 2 of this invention, (a) is a top view which shows the back surface of a tile, (b) is a BB side view of (a), (c) is CC It is sectional drawing, (c) is a top view which shows the back surface of the tile of the modification of Example 2. FIG. It is a figure explaining Example 3 of this invention, (a) is a top view which shows the back surface of a tile, (b) is BB front view which shows a tile side surface, (c) is the length of a tile It is CC side view which shows the end surface of a direction, (d) is an enlarged view which shows the structure of the side surface of the short side (long side) of a tile. It is a figure explaining Example 4 of this invention, (a) is a top view which shows the back surface of a tile, (b) is a front view which shows the structure of a tile side surface, (c) is another tile side surface. (D) is a DD sectional view of (b), (c), (e) is an EE sectional view of (b), (c), (F) is a principal part enlarged view of (b), (g) is a figure explaining the mold opening of the side groove shaping | molding process by a side groove shaping | molding die. It is a figure explaining Example 5 of this invention, (a) is a top view which shows the back surface of a tile, (b) is a front view which shows a tile side surface, (c) is C- of (b). It is C sectional drawing, (d) is DD sectional drawing of (b). It is a figure explaining the effect | action of the tile of a prior art example, (a), (b) shows the prior art example 1, (c), (d) shows the prior art example 2, (e), (f) is a prior art. Example 3 is shown. (A), (c), (e) is a figure explaining the filling state of the mortar of the groove | channel of the tile of the prior art examples 1-3, (b), (d), (f) is the prior art examples 1-. It is a figure explaining the identification state of the back surface side edge of a groove | channel at the time of seeing from the outer side about the groove | channel of 3 tiles.

  EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION The form for implementing the tile which concerns on this invention is demonstrated below with reference to drawings based on an Example.

  1-3 is a figure explaining Example 1 of the tile of this invention. 1A shows the back surface 3 of the tile 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 1B shows the long side surface 2 of the tile 1 of the present invention. FIG.1 (c) shows the side 2 (end surface) of the short side of the tile 1 of this invention. A plurality of vertical grooves 4 are formed in parallel on the back surface 3 of the tile 1.

  The tile 1 has a back surface 3 attached to a structural surface (simply referred to as a structural surface) of a structure such as an outer wall surface or an inner wall surface of a building with mortar. A plurality of vertical grooves 4 are formed on the back surface 3 of the tile 1, and the vertical grooves 4 are filled with mortar to improve the adhesion of the tile. In the present invention, the characteristic configuration described below is used. By adopting, the tile 1 is more strongly bonded with mortar.

  The characteristic configuration of the tile 1 of the present invention is in the structure of the side surface 2 of the tile 1, and the side groove 5 is formed on the side surface 2, and the side groove 5 has a unique structure. The tile 1 of the first embodiment is rectangular in plan view, but is not particularly limited to a rectangle, and may be a square or other shapes. In the first embodiment, a configuration in which side grooves 5 that extend linearly in the longitudinal direction of the side surfaces are formed on the side surfaces 2 of the long sides on both sides of the tile 1 will be described.

  The side surface 2 of the long side of the tile 1 is shown in an enlarged cross-sectional view in FIG. 1 (d). The surface 7 has a constant width from the edge 6 on the surface side (a constant width h 1 in the front and back direction of the tile). And a surface 8 with a constant width from the edge 9 on the back surface side (a constant width h2 in the front and back direction of the tile) and a side groove 5 formed between the two surfaces 7 and 8. Since the surface 7 having a constant width from the edge 6 on the front surface side is a flat surface having a constant width on the front surface side, it is referred to as a “front surface flat surface” in this specification. Since the surface 8 with a constant width from the edge 9 on the back surface side becomes a flat surface with a constant width on the front surface side, it is referred to as a “back surface side flat surface” in this specification.

  Therefore, on the side surface 2 of the tile 1, the surface side flat surface 7 is left leaving a surface side flat surface 7 having a constant width from the edge 6 on the surface side and a back surface flat surface 8 having a constant width from the edge 9 on the back surface side. A side groove 5 having a constant width (a constant width in the front and back direction of the tile) is formed between the flat surface 8 and the back side flat surface 8 so as to extend linearly in the longitudinal direction of the side surface.

  In the present specification, the “longitudinal direction of the side surface” is a direction orthogonal to the tile front / back direction of the side surface (the thickness direction of the tile), and the long side of the rectangular tile is the long side. The direction along the short side is the direction along the short side. In Example 1, since the side groove 5 is formed on the side surface on the long side, the “longitudinal direction of the side surface” is a direction along the long side of the tile 1.

  The side groove 5 is connected to the inclined surface 10 at the rear surface side edge 11 (the deepest part of the side groove) of the inclined surface 10, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. It consists of a flat bottom surface 12 connected orthogonally to the cross section, and is formed in a saddle shape in cross section. Here, the inclined surface 10 starts from the back surface side edge 13 of the front surface side flat surface 7 and has a cross section (longitudinal of the side groove 5) so that the depth D of the side groove 5 gradually increases toward the back surface side of the tile 1. The cross section is orthogonal to the direction, and is formed by a straight surface. In short, the side groove 5 is a right triangle in a sectional view.

  Furthermore, although the structure of the side surface 2 of the tile 1 of the present invention is repeated, it will be described in another expression. On the side surface 2, a surface-side flat surface 7 having a constant width h 1 is formed in the front-back direction from the front-side edge 6, and a back-side flat surface 8 having a constant width h 2 is formed in the front-back direction from the back-side edge 9. Yes. Between the front surface side flat surface 7 and the back surface side flat surface 8, a side groove 5 having a constant width h3 is formed in the front and back direction.

  And in the side groove 5, the linear inclined surface 10 is formed in the cross sectional view so that the depth D of the side groove 5 gradually increases from the back side edge 13 of the front side flat surface 7 toward the back side. . The back surface side edge 11 of the inclined surface 10 is the deepest portion 15 of the side groove 5. A flat bottom surface 12 orthogonal to the back surface side flat surface 8 is formed so as to connect the back surface side edge 11 of the inclined surface 10 and the surface side edge 14 of the back surface side flat surface 8.

  The thickness h of the tile 1, the width h1 of the front side flat surface 7, the width h2 of the back side flat surface 8, the width h3 of the side groove 5, the depth d of the deepest portion 15 (the width of the bottom surface 12), and the angle α of the side groove 5 Should be designed in relation to each other. The front side flat surface 7 and the back side flat surface 8 each need a width dimension (thickness dimension) that is not easily damaged in the normal handling during transport and construction of the tile 1. Although details will be described later, in particular, when the tile 1 is embedded in the mortar 20, the back side flat surface 8 needs to be filled with the mortar 20 from the back surface 3 of the tile 1 into the side groove 5. This must also be taken into account.

  The depth d of the deepest portion 15 of the side groove 5 needs to be such a depth that the mortar 20 that wraps around from the back surface side is filled. The angle α of the side groove 5 where the inclined surface 10 and the bottom surface 12 intersect is constant throughout the longitudinal direction of the side groove 5, and is designed in consideration that the front side flat surface 7 and the back side flat surface 8 remain on the side surface 2. It should be. For example, it is in the range of 50 ° to 70 °.

  There are various types of tiles 1 in terms of shape, size (horizontal and vertical dimensions), thickness, and the like. Here, an example of a tile that is usually used will be described. Usually, the rectangular tile 1 used as an outer wall building material of a building has a thickness of about 7 mm, for example. As a design example when the thickness of the tile 1 is 7 mm, the dimensions of the front side flat surface 7 and the back side flat surface 8 are 2 mm, the side groove 5 width is 3 mm, and the side groove 5 angle α Is 60 °, the length of the inclined surface 10 is 3.46 mm, and the depth (bottom width) of the deepest portion 15 of the side groove 5 is 1.73 mm.

(Function)
The operation of the tile 1 having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. When the tile 1 is attached to the concrete outer wall 21 of the building, first, the mortar 20 is applied to the surface of the concrete outer wall 21. Then, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2C, the tile 1 is brought into contact with the surface of the mortar 20 and is embedded and bonded so as to press into the mortar 20. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2B, a joint material is applied from the surface side of the tile 1 into the gap 22 between the tiles 1 to form joints 23.

  When the tile 1 is embedded by being pushed into the mortar 20, the mortar 20 goes around the bottom surface 12 and into the side groove 5 as shown in FIG. The mortar 20 is deposited on the bottom surface 12 of the side groove 5. At this time, the mortar 20 that goes into the side groove 5 beyond the bottom surface 12 is pushed and guided by the inclined surface 10 and is guided and filled toward the deepest portion 15 of the side groove 5 on the bottom surface 12. Therefore, the mortar 20 is deposited on the bottom surface 12 of the flat side groove 5 in a state where the mortar 20 is deeply filled up to the deepest portion 15 of the side groove 5 as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2C, the embedding depth S of the tile 1 in the mortar 20 (the depth at which the tile 1 enters the mortar 20) varies depending on the type and thickness of the tile 1. In the present invention, when the tile is embedded so that the embedded depth S is set in consideration of the thickness of the tile 1 and the like, as shown in FIGS. It is necessary that the mortar 20 be deposited with a substantially uniform thickness p.

  Conversely, in the present invention, when the tile 1 is embedded so as to have the embedded depth S set in consideration of the thickness of the tile 1 and the like, as shown in FIGS. 2C and 2E. In addition, the width h2 of the back flat surface 8 should be designed so that the mortar 20 is deposited on the bottom surface 12 with a substantially uniform thickness p. 7, the width h1 of the side groove 4, the width h3 of the side groove 4, the depth d and the like should be designed (see FIG. 1D for h1 to h3).

  For example, when the thickness of the tile 1 is 7 mm and the dimension of the back side flat surface 8 is 2 mm, if the embedding depth S of the tile 1 is set to 3 mm, the tile 1 is placed in the mortar 20 as described above. When pushed in and embedded, the mortar 20 goes around the bottom surface 12 and fills in the side groove 5 and is deposited on the bottom surface 12 to a thickness of 1 mm.

  As described above, in the tile 1 of the present invention, the mortar 20 that goes into the side groove 5 from the back side of the tile 1 is guided by the inclined surface 10 and filled to the deepest portion 15 of the side groove 5, and on the bottom surface 12 of the side groove 5. To the innermost part with a substantially uniform thickness. As a result, in the tile 1 of the present invention, a pasting structure in which the mortar 20 is deposited on the bottom surface 12 with a larger area than the conventional example is obtained. In such an affixing structure, a significantly greater resistance force is generated with respect to the force F (see FIG. 2 (e)) at which the tile 1 is to peel off as compared with the conventional example. Therefore, the tile 1 of the present invention has a particularly remarkable effect that it is difficult to peel off from the surface of the outer wall 21.

  Further, since the tile 1 of the present invention is formed gradually deeper from the front surface side to the back surface side, the joint material supplied and filled in the gap 22 from the front surface side is also a relatively corner in the side groove 5. It is easy to be introduced, and a larger amount is filled, and it becomes difficult to generate a gap between the mortar 20 filled around the side groove 5 from the back side of the tile 1, and the joint 23 itself is also difficult to peel off. At the same time, the waterproofness is improved with respect to the intrusion of rainwater.

  The inventor of the present invention pushes the tile 1 into the mortar 20 when the tile 1 of the present invention is attached, and the back side edge 16 of the side groove 2 (see FIG. 1 (d), the front side of the back side flat surface 8). If the mortar 20 becomes invisible by the mortar 20, the mortar 20 wraps around the side groove 5 and is almost deposited on the bottom surface 12, so that it can be inferred that it has a sufficient embedding depth. Obtained knowledge.

  From this knowledge, the inventor has determined whether or not the side groove 5 (particularly the back side edge 16 and the bottom surface 12) has an appropriate embedding depth during or after the pasting operation by the operator or the supervisor. I came up with a very unique idea that it is extremely useful as a means of providing a basis for judgment.

  In this case, it is preferable that the rear surface side edge 16 of the side groove 5 can be clearly identified when viewed from the front surface side of the tile 1, and the bottom surface 12 is preferably visible. In the tile 1 of the present invention, the back surface side edge 16 of the side groove 5 is also an edge of the flat bottom surface 12 (an edge at which the bottom surface 12 is connected to the back surface side flat surface 8).

  As shown in FIG. 3 (a), when the tile is applied to the mold in the mold or after the application, the flat bottom surface 12 is the line of sight when viewed through the gap 22 from the surface side. Since the side grooves 5 are formed so as to be deeper from the front surface side toward the back surface side, the side grooves 5 are formed so as to be deeper than the inner surface of the groove of the conventional example (see FIG. 8). It is easy to see and, therefore, the rear side edge 16 of the side groove 5 is also easier to identify. In particular, when viewed from a slight angle rather than the front of the gap 22 (see the imaginary line in FIG. 3A), the flat bottom surface 12 is easy to see, and the back side edge 16 of the side groove 5 is clearly identified. Cheap.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3A, if the back side edge 16 and the bottom surface 12 of the two side grooves 5 of the adjacent two tiles 1 and 1 ′ can be visually observed, two mortars 20 of the tiles 1 and 1 ′ can be seen. It can be easily determined that the two tiles 1, 1 ′ are not sufficiently embedded in the mortar 20 until they wrap around in the side groove 5. Further, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), if the back side edge 16 and the bottom surface 12 are not visible at the same time for both of the two side grooves 5 of the adjacent two tiles 1, 1 ′, the two tiles 1, It can be easily determined that 1 ′ is sufficiently embedded in the mortar 20, passes over the bottom surface 12, wraps around the side groove 5, and is deposited on the bottom surface 12.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3 (c), the back side edge 16 and the bottom surface 12 of the side groove 5 of one tile 1 among the two adjacent tiles 1 and 1 'can be seen, and the other tiles 1' If the back surface side edge 16 and the bottom surface 12 of the side groove 5 are not visible, it can be easily determined that the two tiles 1 and 1 'are embedded in an uneven state.

  In this way, the embedding state can be easily determined by the visibility or invisibility of the rear surface side edge 16 of the side groove 5 that can be easily identified. Accordingly, even if it is not a skilled worker, the tile 1 can be embedded in the mortar 20 evenly at a depth that is difficult to peel off and without irregularities such as bumps when viewed from the outside. it can.

  The tile 1 of the present invention has a front side flat surface 7 and a back side flat surface 8 formed on the side surface 2 thereof, and the side groove 5 is formed between the front side flat thick surface 7 and the back side flat surface 8. Therefore, the edge 6 on the surface side and the edge 9 on the back surface side of the tile 1 or the back surface side edge 16 of the side groove 5 does not become brittle due to the provision of the side groove 5 and is damaged. Hateful.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a second embodiment of the tile of the present invention. The tile 31 of the second embodiment is substantially the same as the tile 1 of the first embodiment, but is different in the following configuration. That is, the tile 31 of the second embodiment has a plurality of vertical grooves 33 formed on the back surface 32 as in the first embodiment. However, as shown in FIGS. The horizontal grooves 34 are formed to connect the vertical grooves 33 in a transverse manner.

  In addition, the side surface 2 of the tile 31 of Example 2 is the same structure as Example 1 as shown in FIG.4 (b), (c), and is the surface side flat surface 7, the back surface side flat surface 8, and the side groove | channel 5. Is formed. The side groove 5 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment. By providing the vertical groove 33, the horizontal groove 34, the opening groove 36 and the like in addition to the side groove 5, the adhesion of the tile by the mortar becomes stronger.

  Further, the tile 35 shown in FIG. 4D has a configuration in which, in addition to the configuration shown in FIG. 4, an open lateral groove 36 that communicates with the vertical groove 33 and opens to the side of the tile 35 is formed. The opening lateral groove 36 opens to the side of the tile 35 to improve the flow of mortar and air in the longitudinal groove 33 and the lateral groove 34, so that the mortar is uniformly filled in the longitudinal groove 33 and the lateral groove 34. Has the function of

  FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a tile embodiment 3 of the present invention. The side groove 5 of the present invention described in detail in the first embodiment may not be formed on the side surface of the long side along the vertical direction in the rectangular tile as in the first embodiment. For example, the side groove 5 may be configured to be formed on the side surface of the short side along the lateral direction. Or the structure formed in the side surface of the long side along a vertical direction, and the side surface of the short side along a horizontal direction may be sufficient as the side groove | channel 5.

  The tile 41 of the third embodiment has substantially the same configuration as that of the tile 1 of the first embodiment, but the side grooves 5 on the side surface 2 are arranged on the long sides of the rectangular tiles as shown in FIGS. 5B and 5C. Similar to the first embodiment, the side groove 5 having the same structure is formed between the front side flat surface 7 and the back side flat surface 8 in the short side surface 42 as well as the side surface 2 of FIG. In short, in the tile 41 of the third embodiment, the same side groove 5 as that of the first embodiment is formed on all of the side surfaces 2 and 42 around the tile 41 as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a tile embodiment 4 of the present invention. The tile 51 of the fourth embodiment has substantially the same configuration as that of the tile 1 of the first embodiment, but the side groove 5 is formed not on the entire length of the side surface 2 but on a part thereof as shown in FIGS. ing. In the fourth embodiment, the side groove 5 is provided with a flat side portion 52 having an appropriate length on either side of the side surface 2 in the longitudinal direction (both left and right sides in the drawing).

  As shown in FIG. 6B, the side groove 5 has an elongated trapezoidal shape when viewed from the front. That is, at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the side groove 5, the corner of the side groove 5 in the front view is not a right angle, and the upper corner α on the surface side of the tile of the side groove 5 is formed as an obtuse angle as shown in FIG. The lower corner β of the back side of the tile is formed at an acute angle. FIG. 6C shows a configuration example of another shape as viewed from the front of the side groove 5, and has an elongated rectangular shape in the front view.

  Each side groove 5 in FIGS. 6B and 6C is formed so as to extend to a predetermined length without reaching the both ends of the tile 1 with the center in the longitudinal direction of the side surface 2 of the tile 51 as the center. ing. The configuration of the cross section of the side groove 5 (the DD cross section of FIG. 6B) is the same as that of the first embodiment as shown in FIG. 6D. Moreover, the structure of the cross section (the EE cross section of FIG.6 (b)) of the part in which the side groove | channel 5 is not formed is as showing in FIG.6 (e).

  By the way, in the manufacture of tiles, generally, corners of tiles are more likely to be chipped when compared with other portions when die cutting is performed. When the side groove 5 is formed to extend to the end face of the tile 1 as in the tile 1 of the first embodiment, the side groove 5 and the corner portion 5 ′ of the side groove 5 at both ends of the tile 1 (FIG. 1A, ( There is concern about the possibility of a structure in which a part of the side groove 5 is missing in the vicinity of b).

  However, in the tile 51 of the fourth embodiment, the side grooves 5 are not formed up to both ends of the tile 51, and flat side portions 52 are provided on both sides, so that the corners of the side grooves 5 and the side grooves 5 on both ends of the tile 1 are provided. There is less possibility of a structure in which the side groove 5 is missing in the vicinity of the portion 5 ′.

  The side grooves 5 of the tile 51 shown in FIGS. 6B and 6F of the fourth embodiment have corners of the side grooves 5 that are not at right angles at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the side grooves 5, and are on the surface side of the tile 51. The upper corner portion α of the side groove 5 is formed as an obtuse angle, and the lower corner portion β of the side groove 5 on the back surface side of the tile 51 is formed at an acute angle. When the present inventor has such a structure of the side groove 5, during the manufacturing process of the tile 51, the upper and lower corners α and β of the both ends in the longitudinal direction of the side groove 5 are less likely to be missing. Obtained groundbreaking knowledge. The mechanism (mechanism of action) is considered as follows.

  That is, in the present invention, the side groove 5 of the tile 51 is shown in FIG. 6 (g) only in the side surface forming process of the tile 51, but a pair of side groove forming molds that can be opened and closed from both sides of the tile 51. 53. After the side groove 5 is formed, when the side groove forming die 53 is opened upward in the die cutting process, the side groove forming upper edge 54 of the side groove forming die 53 is first separated from the side surface of the tile 51. Usually, when the mold is punched out of the molded body, the acute angle part is easily chipped because the shape is fine, and the obtuse angle part is difficult to chip. Accordingly, when the upper corner portion α of the side groove 5 is more obtuse than the right angle, the upper corner portion α in the longitudinal direction of the side groove 5 and the vicinity thereof are less likely to be missing during die cutting.

  In the tile 51 of the fourth embodiment, the upper corners α of both ends in the longitudinal direction of the side groove 5 are formed with an obtuse angle (the shape of the side groove forming part of the side groove forming mold 53 that can be opened and closed naturally is also the configuration of the trapezoidal side groove). Therefore, during die cutting, the upper corner portion α of the side groove 5 and its vicinity are difficult to be chipped. The lower corner portion β of the side groove 5 is formed at an acute angle. However, since the openable and closable side groove forming die 53 is open upward, when the die is punched from the lower corner portion β of the side groove 5, the die is cut to some extent. As it is advanced, there are fewer problems of being easily chipped.

  FIG. 7 is a view for explaining a tile embodiment 5 of the present invention. Similar to the tile 51 of the fourth embodiment, the tile 58 of the fifth embodiment is formed not on the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the side surface 2 but on a part thereof. However, as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b), the side groove 5 of Example 5 includes a front-side flat surface 7 and a back-side flat surface 8 spaced at four locations on the side surface 2 in the longitudinal direction. A side groove 5 is formed between the two. The configuration of the side groove 5 is the same as that of the first embodiment as shown in FIG. In addition, the flat side part 59 in which the side groove | channel 5 is not formed is formed in the flat surface as shown in FIG.7 (d).

  As mentioned above, although the form for implementing the tile which concerns on this invention was demonstrated based on the Example, this invention is not limited to such an Example, The technique described in the claim of the utility model registration It goes without saying that there are various embodiments within the scope of the subject matter.

  Since the tile according to the present invention is configured as described above, it can be applied to tiles in various fields such as tiles for exterior walls to be attached to the exterior walls of buildings, tiles for interior walls of kitchens and bathrooms, and other floor tiles. .

Example 1
1, 1 'tile
2 side
3 The back of the tile
4 Vertical grooves on the back of the tile
5 side groove
6 Front edge
7 Surface side flat surface
8 Back side flat surface
9 Edge on the back side
10 Inclined surface
11 Back side edge of inclined surface
12 Bottom of groove
13 Back side edge of front side flat surface
14 Front side edge of back side flat surface
15 Deepest part of gutter
16 Back side edge of gutter
20 mortar
21 Exterior wall
22 Gap between tiles
23 joints
(Example 2)
31 tiles
32 Back
33 Vertical groove
34 Horizontal groove
35 Modified tiles
36 Open lateral groove
(Example 3)
41 tiles
42 Side of short side
(Example 4)
51 tiles
52 Flat side surface 53 Side groove forming die 54 Side groove forming upper edge of side groove forming die α Upper corner portion of side groove β Lower corner portion of side groove (Example 5)
58 tile 59 flat side surface (conventional example 1)
61 tiles
62 Curved groove
63 Mortar
64 Adhesive portion 68 Back side edge of groove
(Conventional example 2)
65 tiles
66 Groove
67 Joint material 69 Bottom surface of groove 70 Back side edge of groove
(Conventional example 3)
71 tiles
72 groove
73 Inclined surface
74 Back side edge of groove
75 Top surface

Claims (5)

The tiles have different vertical and horizontal lengths in plan view, a plurality of parallel vertical grooves extending in the vertical direction are formed on the back surface, and the back surface side is attached to the structure surface by mortar,
The side surface of the tile has a constant width in the front and back direction between the front side flat surface having a constant width in the front and back direction, the back side flat surface having a constant width in the front and back direction, and the front side flat surface and the back side flat surface. A side groove extending in the longitudinal direction of the side surface is formed,
The side groove is connected to an inclined surface that gradually increases the depth of the side groove from the front surface side to the back surface side, and a flat surface that is connected orthogonally to the back surface side flat surface at the back surface side edge of the inclined surface. The tile is characterized by having a bottom surface and being formed in a bowl shape in a cross-sectional view.   The lateral groove that connects the plurality of parallel longitudinal grooves to each other, the opening groove that communicates the longitudinal groove with the outside on the side surface, or both the lateral groove and the opening groove are formed. tile.   The side groove is formed on the side of the long side along the vertical direction, the side of the short side along the horizontal direction, or the side of the long side along the vertical direction and the side of the short side along the horizontal direction in the tile. The tile according to claim 1, wherein the tile is characterized.   The tile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the side groove is formed over the entire length of the side surface of the tile in the longitudinal direction.   The tile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the side groove is formed in a part of the side surface of the tile in the longitudinal direction.

Images