JP3269688B2 - Eye test - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a visual acuity test apparatus, and more particularly to a visual examination apparatus suitable for mass screening at schools and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a visual acuity test performed in a school or the like, a visual acuity chart in which various visual acuity value indices are printed on one sheet of paper is generally used. The target to be read by the subject is indicated by a stick. In addition, a visual acuity testing apparatus that has various visual function test visual targets in addition to the visual acuity value visual target and that switches between the visual targets is also sold.

[0003]

The visual acuity chart used in the school or the like has to specify a target to be read by the examiner one by one, which is extremely troublesome, and it takes a long time for the examination. In addition, there is a problem that the reliability of the test result depends on the test technique of the examiner. Although the latter device is useful as a medical diagnostic device, it has an excessive function as a screening device and has a problem that it is difficult to use. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a visual acuity test apparatus that can perform a visual acuity test efficiently and quickly with a relatively simple mechanism in view of these drawbacks.

[0004]

The present invention is characterized by having the following arrangement to achieve the above object. (1) and having a plurality of different optotypes vision values, there is a break in at least vertical and horizontal directions in each visual acuity value target
In a visual acuity test apparatus capable of selectively presenting to a subject,
Input means for inputting a response of the subject, the correctness determining means for determining correctness of the response of a subject, of a cut direction as viewed Shimegi及
And the direction and direction of the cut (however, the direction and direction of the cut)
Means, for example, a cut at the top and bottom
Eye direction is different, but the direction is the same
The subject is presented with optotypes at different cut directions
And for optotypes with different directionality
Subject is determined to have the visual acuity value on condition that a correct answer is obtained, and if the response to the first presented visual acuity value for a certain visual acuity value is incorrect , then the visual acuity value reduced presentation and includes program first response to the presented the optotype is next when the positive have the same visual acuity value directional cuts side <br/> direction of a visual acuity value is present the different optotypes,
And a control program for sequentially presenting optotypes until the highest visual acuity value of the subject is obtained.

(2) It has a plurality of optotypes having different visual acuity values , and each visual acuity value is cut at least vertically, horizontally, and
In a visual acuity test apparatus capable of selectively presenting an optotype with an eye to a subject, an input means for inputting a response of the subject, a right / false determination means for determining whether the response of the subject is correct, and a certain visual acuity value When the response to the target presented first is incorrect, or
Or, when the response to a certain visual acuity value is incorrect multiple times,
Selection means for selecting the lower the visual acuity value of the optotype to be next presented, optotype and its cut direction and square of a cut direction
Directivity (however, the direction of the break and the direction
The direction of the cut is different between the cut and the lower cut,
Directional is the same)
The target in the direction of the cut is presented to the subject, and cuts with different
That the correct answer can be obtained
The subject determines that the subject has the visual acuity value, and the visual acuity of the next visual target presented when the response to the first visual target presented by the selecting means is incorrect.
If the lowering of the visual acuity value is selected, if the response to the optotype presented at the beginning of a certain visual acuity value is incorrect , the optotype with the reduced visual acuity value will be presented next, and the visual acuity value will be presented first. If the response to the target is positive, the program includes a program that presents the next target with the same visual acuity value but a different direction of the break direction , and sequentially presents the visual target until the subject's highest visual acuity value is obtained. And a control program for performing the control.

[0006]

[0007]

[0008]

[0009]

[0010]

[0011]

[0012]

Embodiment 1 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of the visual acuity inspection apparatus main body 1.
Reference numeral 2 denotes a liquid crystal panel for displaying a Landolt ring, which is capable of displaying Landolt rings having three kinds of visual acuity values of 1.0, 0.7, and 0.3 by static driving. Can be changed in four directions. In the present embodiment, visual targets of three levels of visual acuity values of 0.3, 0.7 and 1.0 can be presented, but more visual acuity values may be presented. A light receiving window 3 for receiving infrared light is provided at a lower left portion of the main body 1 of the eyesight inspection apparatus.
Are arranged to receive a signal from a remote control light emitting unit described later. Reference numeral 4 denotes a display unit for displaying the measurement results on a liquid crystal display, and displays 1, 7, 3, 0 so as to correspond to four divisions having visual acuity values of less than 1.0, 0.7, 0.3, and 0.3 ( Of course, other displays are possible). Reference numeral 5 denotes a bracket for suspending the eyesight test apparatus main body 1 on a wall surface or the like. The use of a liquid crystal plate as a means for presenting a Landolt ring results in the same as a single-wall-type visual acuity chart commonly used in schools and the like. Arrangement is possible. Reference numeral 6 denotes a power supply code.

FIG. 2 shows a remote control device (hereinafter abbreviated as "remote control") 7 for operation. Remote control 7
Has a selection switch 8 that can arbitrarily select a presentation target,
An input switch 9 for inputting a response from the subject is provided. The input switch 9 for inputting the response of the subject may be separated so as to be operated by the subject himself. When there are many types of visual targets to be presented, the selection switch 8 may be operated by a combination of switches for selecting the visual acuity value and selecting the direction of the discontinuity of the Landolt ring. Reference numeral 10 denotes a light emitting window that emits an infrared signal corresponding to the operated switch.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the apparatus. 11
Is a switch group of the remote controller 7. The signal of the switch is converted into an infrared pulse signal by a remote control light emitting section 13 including a code modulation circuit, an output buffer and a light emitting element via a control circuit 12, and the signal is transmitted to the eyesight test apparatus main body 1. Sent. The infrared pulse signal from the eyesight inspection device main body 1
And is converted into a digital signal by a light receiving unit 14 including a light receiving element, a preamble, and a detection circuit.
The converted signal is input to the arithmetic and control circuit 15 and displays a predetermined Landolt ring on the liquid crystal panel 2 via the liquid crystal drive circuit 16. Reference numeral 17 denotes a display circuit for displaying on the display unit 4.

The operation of automatically determining a presentation target in the apparatus having the above configuration will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. Program start of remote control 7
When the switch is pressed, the Landolt ring 1.0 is presented. When the examinee answers that the eye is down, the examiner presses the lower switch of the input switch 9. If it cannot be determined, press the unanswered switch. As a result, the response result of the subject to the presented optotype is input, and the input signal is converted into an infrared pulse signal by the control circuit 12 and the remote control light emitting unit 13 and sent to the visual acuity test apparatus main body 1. The signal received and converted by the light receiving unit 14 of the visual acuity test apparatus main body 1 is judged by the arithmetic and control circuit 15 as to whether the response of the subject is correct or not. Thereafter, the inspection is performed in accordance with the procedure of FIG. In this example, the optotypes are sequentially presented for each visual acuity value, and a correct answer is obtained twice for the optotype having the same visual acuity value (a vertical direction = a visual target having a cut in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. When a program configuration that discriminates two directions from a cut target is effective for an astigmatic eye), it is determined that the visual acuity value is possessed. In this embodiment, when the unanswered switch is pressed, it is treated as a wrong answer. The answer may be automatically determined.) Note that the direction of the Landolt ring presented in the program start is changed each time by a random number or the like. Prevents memorizing presentation contents.

[0016]

Embodiment 2 Embodiment 2 differs from Embodiment 1 in the order of presentation of visual acuity values, and FIG. 5 is a flowchart thereof. Since there is no special difference from the first embodiment in other configurations,
The description is omitted. The feature of the presentation order of the second embodiment resides in that the number of times of measurement for a person with low visual acuity before determining the visual acuity of the eye to be examined is reduced. For example, in order to measure a visual acuity of less than 0.3, six measurements are required in the first embodiment, whereas the measurement is completed in four measurements in the second embodiment. Now, there are three subjects each having a visual acuity of less than 1.0, 0.7, 0.3, and 0.3, and one subject having the same visual acuity has no wrong answer, and one subject has no wrong answer. Assuming that the first wrong answer of the final visual acuity value and the one wrong answer is the second final visual acuity value, FIGS.
Following the procedure will result in: (No wrong answer) (First wrong answer) (Second wrong answer) Fig. 5 Fig. 4 Fig. 5 Fig. 4 Fig. 5 Fig. 4 Visual acuity 1.0 2 times 5 times 3 times 3 times 3 times 0.7 4 times 4 times 6 times 5 times 4 times 5 times 0.3 5 times 6 times 6 times 7 times 6 times 7 times Less than 0.3 4 times 6 times 5 times 7 times 5 times 7 times Total 15 times 18 times 22 times 22 times 18 times 22 times As described above, in the method of FIG. 5, 15 + 22 + 18 = 5
5 times The method of FIG. 4 requires 18 + 22 + 22 = 62 measurements, and the method of FIG. 5 can reduce the total time by 11% compared to the method of FIG. Note that the method of FIG. 5 is effective for a group of subjects having relatively low visual acuity values, and thus may be configured to be switched from FIG. 4 to FIG. 5 by a switch or the like.

[0017]

Third Embodiment In the first and second embodiments, when the unanswered switch is pressed (including when there is no response within a predetermined time, such as when the unanswered switch substitute mechanism functions), the answer is treated as a wrong answer. In the third embodiment, it is handled differently. Comparing the case where the unanswered switch is pressed as indeterminate and the case where an incorrect answer is made, it is generally estimated that the former has lower visual acuity. Therefore, the flow charts of the first and second embodiments will be described.
The target is corrected, and the target of the next visual acuity value is presented immediately when it is determined that the visual acuity cannot be determined (the target of the same visual acuity value may be presented at the lowest visual acuity value). Because the unanswered switch may be pressed in different circumstances,
In this case, it is more preferable that when the target of the next visual acuity value is correctly answered, the target of the next higher visual acuity value is presented again. Embodiment 3 is particularly effective for an apparatus having a number of visual acuity values.

[0018]

Fourth Embodiment FIG. 6 is a front view of a second visual acuity testing apparatus main body 20 (almost the same members as those of the first visual acuity testing apparatus main body 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals). The liquid crystal plate 2 is vertically moved 1.0, 0.8, 0.7, 0.5,
Display a Landolt ring of 0.3. In addition, the liquid crystal panel 2 ranks and displays the results of the visual acuity test by A to D. A ~
The ranking of D is based on the School Health Law enforcement regulations. FIG. 7 shows the appearance of the remote controller 21 for operating the visual acuity inspection apparatus main body 20. The remote controller 21 randomly selects an input switch 22, 1.0, 0.7, and 0.3 optotypes for advancing a program for automatically classifying the eyesight of the subject's eye into A to D ranks. Switches 8, 1.0, 0.
A switch 23 for simultaneously displaying the targets of 7, 0.3;
Switches such as a switch 24 for randomly selecting a target of 0.8 and 0.5 are arranged. A program for automatically classifying the eyesight of the eye to be examined into the ranks A to D will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. The flowcharts of the parts (A) and (B) in FIG. 8 are separately shown in FIG. 9 (note that (A) and (B) are irrelevant to A to D of visual acuity ranking). In the figure, 90 means changing the direction of the Landolt ring to 90 degrees, 180 means changing the direction of the Landolt ring to 180 degrees, and ANO means changing the direction of the Landolt ring to another. . In addition, a to d are symbols for conveniently indicating the path of the inspection, and the case where the vehicle passes through a in FIG.
In the process leading to FIG. 8A, a case where the vehicle has passed the path a (a case where the first 1.0 test is correctly answered) is referred to. In the present embodiment, when two correct answers are obtained among the three optotypes having the same visual acuity value, the eye to be examined is determined to have the visual acuity value. The determination of the visual acuity value when the examination is performed (A) and (B) will be described. That is, in the case of (A), when the vehicle passes the route a, the determination of the visual acuity 1.0 has already been completed, and thus the visual acuity is determined to be 0.7. When passing through the route b, the visual acuity 1.0 is determined only once,
An eyesight test of 1.0 is performed, and the eyesight is determined to be 0.7 or 1.0. Similarly, when reaching (B), the route c
When passing through, it is when the visual acuity of 0.7 cannot be obtained, so it is determined that the visual acuity is 0.3, and when passing the routes a and d,
Since there is a possibility that an eyesight of 0.7 may be obtained, an inspection for the presence or absence of an eyesight of 0.7 is performed. When passing through the routes b and d,
Since there is a possibility that 0.7 and 1.0 vision can be obtained,
Inspection for the presence or absence is sequentially performed. As described above, when the eyesight of the subject's eye is obtained, the eyesight 1.0 is A, 0.7 is B,
0.3 is indicated as C and less than 0.3 is indicated as D, which is displayed on the liquid crystal plate 2.

[0019]

Fifth Embodiment A fifth embodiment is an example in which three out of four correct answers are obtained in place of the criterion for determining visual acuity in the fourth embodiment. 10 and 11 are flowcharts corresponding to FIGS. 8 and 9 of the fourth embodiment. As described above, it is needless to say that various methods such as a method of determining that there is a visual acuity if three out of five correct answers are available are not limited to the above embodiment.

The above embodiment can be variously modified.
For example, a change such as changing a four-way switch to a lever and a lever-direction detector should be included in the present invention.

[0021]

According to the visual acuity test apparatus of the present invention, a visual acuity test for many objects can be performed efficiently and quickly. Further, even if the subject's eye has astigmatism, the inaccuracy of the test result due to the directionality of the presented target can be eliminated to a considerable extent.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a visual acuity inspection apparatus main body 1. FIG.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a remote control device (hereinafter, abbreviated as a remote controller) 7 for operation.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of automatically determining a presentation target.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart in which the presentation order of visual acuity values is changed from that of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a visual acuity inspection apparatus main body according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a remote controller according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a main part showing a procedure for presenting a target according to a fourth embodiment.

FIGS. 9A and 9B show a procedure for presenting an optotype in Embodiment 4 (A),
It is a flowchart of (B) part.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a main part showing a procedure for presenting a target according to a fifth embodiment.

FIGS. 11A and 11B show a procedure for presenting a target in the fifth embodiment (A),
It is a flowchart of (B) part.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body of visual acuity inspection apparatus 2 Liquid crystal board 3 Light receiving window 4 Display

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A camera having a plurality of optotypes having different visual acuity values , and a break in each of the visual acuity values in at least the up, down, left, and right directions.
A visual acuity testing apparatus capable of selectively presenting a test target to a subject, an input means for inputting a response of the subject, a true / false determining means for determining whether the response of the subject is correct ,
The direction and direction of the optotype and its break (however,
The directionality is, for example, an upper cut and a lower cut.
Has different cut directions but the same direction
Subject to different cut directions in different directions)
To the optotype in the direction of the break with different directionality.
The subject was judged to have the visual acuity value on condition that each correct answer was obtained, and if the response to the first presented target of a certain visual acuity value was incorrect , then the visual acuity value was lowered. presents a target, Setsu has then the same visual acuity value is the first time a response to the presented the optotype is positive there acuity
Includes a program in which the direction of which grain direction to present a different optotypes, visual acuity test apparatus characterized by and a control program for presenting sequential optotype to obtain the highest visual acuity value of the examinee. 2. It has a plurality of optotypes having different visual acuity values , and each visual acuity value has a cut in at least the up, down, left, and right directions.
A visual acuity testing apparatus capable of selectively presenting a test target to a subject, input means for inputting a response of the subject, correct / false determination means for determining whether the response of the subject is correct, If the response to the target presented at is incorrect, or
When the response to a certain visual acuity value is incorrect multiple times,
Selecting means for selecting to lower the visual acuity value of the target to be indicated, a target in a certain cut direction, and the direction and direction of the cut
(However, the direction of the break and the directionality are, for example,
The direction of the cut is different between the eye and the downward cut, but the direction is
Are the same), but are different
An eye-pointing target is presented to the subject, and cuts with different directions
Condition that the correct answer can be obtained for each direction target
The subject is determined to have the visual acuity value as
When the response to the first presented target of a certain visual acuity value by the selecting means is an error, the visual acuity value of the next presented visual target is
When lowering is selected, if the response to the target presented at the beginning of a certain visual acuity value is incorrect , then the target presented at the next lower visual acuity value is presented, and the visual target presented at the beginning of a certain visual acuity value is given. then Setsu have the same visual acuity value when the response is positive with respect to target
Includes a program in which the direction of which grain direction to present a different optotypes, visual acuity test apparatus characterized by and a control program for presenting sequential optotype to obtain the highest visual acuity value of the examinee.