JP3433370B2 - Commutator motor - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a commutator motor used for rotary machines such as vacuum cleaners and electric tools.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, commutator motors have tended to be smaller and have higher output, and the performance problems required for armatures used in them are core shape, core grade, iron loss reduction by improving plate thickness and armatures. There is a demand for copper loss reduction by improving windings, and in particular for commutator motors used in vacuum cleaners, thicker armature windings are being pursued in order to obtain high efficiency.

FIG. 26 is a winding wire connection diagram of a conventional commutator motor disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-38704, FIG.
7 is a side view of an armature of a conventional commutator motor, FIG. 28 is an enlarged view of a partially cut surface of an armature core slot of a conventional commutator motor, and FIG. 29 is an enlarged view of a commutator connection portion of a conventional commutator motor. FIG. 30 is a view of a conventional field core and an armature core seen from above, FIG. 31 is a top view of an armature commutator of a conventional commutator motor, and FIG. 32 is an armature commutator of a conventional commutator motor. 33 is a bottom view of an armature commutator portion of a conventional commutator motor, FIG. 34 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 33, and FIG. 35 is a winding input portion of a fryer winding machine for performing armature winding. It is a figure.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 is an armature iron core slot.
-1 ... 1-12 represent slot numbers. An armature winding 2 is wound in the armature core slot 1. 3 is a commutator piece, 3-1 ... 3-24 is a commutator piece number. Reference numeral 4 is a carbon brush, 5 is a commutator, 6 is a commutator winding wire connecting portion (hereinafter referred to as “hook”), 7 is an armature core, 8 is an armature core end face insulating member, and 9 is an armature core slot insulating member. Reference numeral 10 denotes an insulating member (hereinafter, referred to as “wedge”) that holds the armature winding so as not to jump out of the armature core core slot due to centrifugal force, 11 denotes an organic liquid agent such as a varnish that insulates and fixes the armature winding, and 12 Is a rotating shaft, 13 is a field iron core, 14 is a field winding, 20 is a form of a winding machine, and 21 is a center guide of the winding machine.

Next, the operation of the conventional example will be described. In the figure, the commutator 5 is an α-hook type, and the number of commutator pieces 3 is 2
4, the case where the number of armature core slots 1 is 12 is shown. The armature core slot 1 having twelve slots connected to the rotary shaft 12 and the rotary shaft portion 12 connected to both end faces of the slot 1 are made of, for example, resin such as PET or PBT, and an armature core made of paper or the like. The end face insulating member 8 is arranged. Further, inside the armature iron core slot 1, for example, an armature iron core slot insulating member 9 made of polyester film, paper or the like is arranged. The commutator 5 includes an armature core slot 1 and a double commutator piece 3.

Normally, in the two winding fryer of the winding machine, the armature windings 2-1 and 2-2 are simultaneously moved in the armature core slots 1-1 and 1-6 and 1-7 and 1-12. The armature winding 2 which is housed inside and wound a plurality of times is wound around the hook 6 of the commutator 5 in an α shape after the winding (α−
The two armature windings 2 are sequentially wound on the next armature core slot 1 by two winding flyers and wound around the entire circumference.
The individual armature windings 2 form an armature coil, and the armature is formed so that the terminals of the armature winding 2 are connected to the 13th commutator piece 3 counted from the beginning of winding. After the armature connection is completed, the armature winding 2 and the hook 6 are heat-welded to each other by fusing while pressing the hook 6.

However, when the armature winding 2 having a wire diameter of 0.5 or more is wound in an α-shape, as shown in FIG. Since the R of the bent portion of the armature winding 2 greatly projects on both sides, the distance between the adjacent hooks 6 cannot be secured,
Insulation is likely to occur. Further, when fusing a thick wire, in order to heat weld it as compared with a thin wire, a large current flows and the applied pressure becomes stronger, so that fusing failure or disconnection failure is likely to occur. Further, as the wire diameter becomes thicker, the rigidity of the armature winding 2 becomes stronger, so that the hook 6 may be deformed during winding.

If the wire diameter is large as shown in the figure, the rigidity of the armature winding 2 is high and the winding tension is not sufficient, so that the winding cannot be wound with the minimum diameter. Wedge 10 is increased by increasing the space factor by making the armature core slot 1 thicker.
There is also a risk that the insertion space for will be exhausted. Further, since the winding portion between the commutator 5 and the armature core slot 1 becomes large, if the varnish 11 that insulates and fixes the armature winding 2 flows down, the varnish 11 may flow into the surface of the commutator 5 and cause a commutation failure. Occurs. Further, it is necessary to visually check the distance between the hooks 6 after connecting the thick wires, which may lead to a decrease in productivity due to an increase in the number of steps.

Further, as shown in FIG. 35, a foam 20 attached to one end of a main shaft having a fryer (not shown) fixed thereto is provided at a predetermined position of the winding machine, and an armature is provided along the foam 30 and the center guide 21. The winding 2 is wound and inserted into the armature core slot 1 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the armature core 7. The armature winding 2 is 15 ° ± 10 ° from the center along the form 20. The armature iron core slot 1 is guided from an inclined angle. These forms 20
Is fixed to a chuck (not shown) that holds the armature iron core 7 so that the foam 20 does not interfere with the coil end when the armature indexes while the armature winding 2 can be wound up to the last slot. There is an escape. Therefore, the foam 20 can guide the armature winding 2 only to the entrance of the armature iron core slot 1, and the armature winding 2 that flies from the tip of the foam 20 loosens and the armature iron core slot 1
Be free inside. The opening width β of the armature core slot 1 actually becomes a value close to β / 2 depending on the winding input angle. Therefore, when the wire diameter of the armature winding 2 fed from the fryer is φ0.5 mm or more, the armature winding The wire 2 may come into contact with the opening of the armature core slot 1 to cause processing deterioration.

[0010]

Since the conventional winding method for the armature winding of the commutator motor is configured as described above, the wire diameter of the armature winding 2 is relatively smaller than φ0.45 mm. There is no problem with a wire having a small wire diameter, but for a wire having a wire diameter of 0.5 mm or more in the armature winding 2, the wire distance at the hook 6 of the armature winding 2 is stably secured. It becomes difficult to perform fusing failure or wire breakage on the hook 6, deformation of the hook 6, and the armature winding 2 is connected to the armature core slot 1
May come into contact with the opening and cause processing deterioration,
There are many quality problems. In addition, a thicker wire causes a larger winding diameter, and it is necessary to visually check the distance between the wires after connecting the armature windings, which leads to a decrease in productivity due to an increase in man-hours.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to improve the efficiency by reducing the copper loss without increasing the wire diameter of the armature winding. Since the number of turns of the winding can be changed, input fine adjustment can be performed, and the wire distance in the hook of the commutator can be stably secured.Fusing failure, disconnection, hook deformation, winding processing deterioration, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide a commutator motor that solves quality problems.

[0012]

A method for winding an armature winding of a commutator motor according to claim 1 of the present invention, wherein 1 slot-1 having the same number of commutator pieces as the slots of the armature core is provided.
In the segment method, the armature coil has two windings for each pair of slots whose winding start is symmetrical.
This winding is started in parallel at the same time, and the armature windings that have been wound at least once are successively connected to the adjacent commutator strips in sequence, and are sequentially wound up to the N / 2th paired slot. The armature winding ends are connected to the (N / 2 + 1) th commutator piece counted from the beginning of winding.

[0013] In this way, one slot -1 segment type having a slot and same number of commutator segments of the armature core, for each pair of slots winding start is in each symmetrical position
By simultaneously starting two windings in parallel and winding the armature winding wound at least once over the half circumference of the slot of the armature core, for example, the wire diameter of the armature winding is φ 0. In the case of 0.45 mm, by winding the two armature windings in parallel, the wire diameter of the armature winding becomes φ0.65.
In the case of mm, a cross-sectional area similar to that of winding one armature winding can be obtained, and therefore, an effect equivalent to copper loss improvement obtained by winding a thick wire can be obtained. Further, if the wire diameter of the armature winding is 0.45 mm or less, it is a thin wire, so that the wire-to-wire distance of the commutator hook portion can be stably secured, and fusing failure, wire breakage, hook deformation, and It is possible to solve problems in quality such as deterioration of winding processing, and further to reduce the rigidity of the winding because a fine wire is wound. As a result, it is possible to reduce the winding diameter. You can improve the problem of. In addition, it is not necessary to visually check the distance between lines after connection, which reduces productivity and improves productivity.

With respect to the armature winding of the commutator motor according to claim 2 of the present invention, one slot-2N in which the commutator is provided with a commutator piece having an integral multiple of 2 or more with respect to the number of slots of the armature core. In the segment method, the armature coils are
Winding of two parallel coils on each of the symmetrical commutator pieces
Connect a pair of
Start winding simultaneously for slots, at least once
Connect the ends of the wound armature coils to the beginning of each winding
Connect the commutator strip next to the commutator strip
Set one piece as the starting end of the next armature coil and
Connect the adjacent commutator piece to the end of the armature coil,
Wound in each pair of slots between the adjacent commutators
Depending on the number of turns of the armature coil,
The parallel coil is multiplied by a number that is an integer multiple of the same slot.
It is repeated so that it is wound inside
Repeat the following to sequentially wind up to the N / 2th paired slot,
It is formed by winding so that the ends of the armature windings are respectively connected to the N / 2 + 1th commutator pieces counted from the start of winding.

In this way, the commutator is equipped with the commutator pieces that are an integral multiple of at least twice the number of slots in the armature core.
Slot-2N segment system, with symmetrical positions
Connect the winding start of two parallel coils to each commutator piece
And each pair of slots are in a substantially symmetrical positional relationship.
Start winding at the same time and are wound at least once
Rectifier with the end of armature coil connected to the beginning of each winding
Connect the commutator element next to the child element, and connect the commutator element next to
Commutation next to the commutator strip next to the armature coil start end
Connect the armature coil to the end of the armature coil,
Armature coil wound in each pair of slots between the commutators
The number of turns of the coil
The number of the parallel coils in the same slot is
The armature winding, which is repeated so as to be wound, is wound around half the slot of the armature core,
The performance improvement effect and the productivity improvement effect can be obtained in the same manner as in the 1-slot-1 segment method described above.

[0016]

[0017]

[0018]

[0019]

[0020]

[0021]

[0022]

[0023]

[0024]

[0025]

[0026]

[0027]

[0028]

[0029]

[0030]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

First Embodiment of the Invention A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
1 is a winding wire connection diagram of a commutator motor representing Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a top view of an armature commutator portion of a commutator motor, FIG. 3 is a side view of commutator wiring, and FIG. 4 is a commutator. It is a commutator connection part partial enlarged view of an electric motor. In the figure, 1 is an armature iron core slot, 1-1 ... 1-22 is a slot number. Reference numeral 2 is an armature winding, and armature windings are sequentially installed in the armature iron core slots 1. In FIG.
1 and 2-2 are illustrated. 3 is a commutator piece, 3-1 ... 3-2
2 represents the number of the commutator piece. 4 is a carbon brush, 5 is a commutator, 6 is a hook which is a commutator connecting portion, 7 is an armature core, 8 is an armature core end face insulating member, 9 is an armature core slot insulating member, and 10 is centrifugal force A wedge is an insulating member that holds the armature winding so as not to jump out of the armature core slot, 11 is an organic solvent such as varnish that insulates and fixes the armature winding, and 12 is a rotating shaft.

Next, the winding form of the armature coil will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, this is the case where the number of commutator pieces 3 is 22 and the number of armature iron core slots 1 is 22 (this is referred to as “one slot-1 segment system”). Two
In a winding machine having one winding flyer, the armature windings 2-1 and 2-2 whose winding start positions are symmetrical to each other are simultaneously started. The beginning of winding the armature winding 2-1 is a commutator piece 3-
1 and is wound in slots 1-1 and 1-10, and the end of winding is connected to the commutator piece 3-2. The other armature winding 2-2 has its winding start connected to the commutator piece 3-12, is wound in the slots 1-12 and 1-21, and has its winding end connected to the commutator piece 3-13. .

Similarly, the armature core slot 1 is wound around half the circumference, and the end of each armature winding 2-1 is the commutator piece 3-12 and the end of the armature winding 2-2 is the same. After connecting to the commutator piece 3-1, the armature winding 2-1 is wound in the slots 1-12 and 1-21 without cutting the terminal,
The winding end is connected to the commutator piece 3-13. The armature winding 2-2 is wound in the slots 1-1 and 1-10, and the winding end is connected to the commutator piece 3-2. In this way, the armature core slot 1 is wound one more time over another half, and the final winding end of the armature winding 2-1 is connected to the commutator piece 3-1. The final end of winding of wire 2-2 is connected to commutator strip 3-12 and cut. In the figure, P indicates the rotation direction of the armature winding 2. Further, the illustrated position of the carbon brush 4 corresponds to the point immediately before the armature winding 2 forming the armature winding 2 completes the rectification.

As described above, in the 1-slot-1 segment system having the same number of commutator pieces 3 as the armature iron core slots 1, for each pair of slots of the armature iron core 7 in which the winding start positions are symmetrical to each other. One wound armature winding 2
The two armature windings 2 by winding the windings around the entire circumference of the armature core slot 1 (as a result, double).
Winding around the armature core slot 1 and
Since it is the same as winding a single layer, for example,
When the wire diameter of the armature winding 2 is φ0.45 mm, the armature winding 2 is wound twice so that when the wire diameter of the armature winding 2 is φ0.65 mm. Since a cross-sectional area equivalent to that of a single winding can be obtained, it is possible to obtain the same effect as copper loss improvement obtained by winding a thick wire.

The diameter of the armature winding 2 is 0.45 m.
If it is m or less, since it is a thin wire, the line distance in the hook 6 of the commutator can be stably secured, and the hook 6
It is possible to solve quality problems such as fusing failure and wire breakage, deformation of hook 6 and deterioration of winding processing.
Further, since the fine wire is wound, the rigidity of the winding can be weakened, and as a result, the winding diameter can be reduced, so that manufacturing defects can be improved. In addition, it is not necessary to visually check the distance between lines after connection, which reduces productivity and improves productivity.

Second Embodiment of the Invention Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 5 is a view of the field core and the armature core seen from above. FIG. 6 is a graph of the winding ratio and the life of the carbon brush. FIG. 7 is a side view of the commutator motor. The second embodiment of the present invention is a modification of the first embodiment of the invention. In the figure, the same components as those of the first embodiment of the present invention are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description of the duplicate components will be omitted. 13 is a field iron core, 14 is a field winding,
19 is a commutator motor. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, by setting the ratio of the total number of conductors of the armature winding 2 and the number of field windings 14 to be 6 or more: 1, the armature winding 2
The spark suppression effect by the transformer action can be improved, and the spark generation can be reduced. In this way, increasing the number of turns of the armature winding 2,
By reducing the iron loss and the copper loss of the field, it becomes possible to extend the life 1.2 times longer than before by improving efficiency and improving rectification.

The reason why efficiency and rectification are improved by setting the ratio of the total number of conductors of the armature winding 2 and the number of field windings 14 to be 6 or more: 1 will be described below. . The carbon brush conducts current with a commutator, which is a part of an armature that is a rotating body, and is short-circuited by the carbon brush in a generator or an electric motor.
The current of the armature coil serves to suppress a short-circuit current that flows when the current extraction direction is electrically reversed by 180 degrees during the contact period. This is because each coil of the armature is shorted twice with a carbon brush per revolution, and the current in the coil is reversed from +1 to -1, then from -1 to -1 each time. Therefore, the time starts from the moment when the armature coil is short-circuited by the carbon brush and ends when the short-circuit is released, which is an extremely short time.

When the rectification is insufficient, there is a delay in the magnetic flux, and the reactance voltage that changes with the current cannot be canceled out. When the delay in the magnetic flux exceeds a certain limit, the current change becomes large at the end of the rectification, and the brush Sparks are easily generated from the exit. Further, in the case of over-rectification, the progress of the magnetic flux becomes faster as opposed to under-rectification, and the same phenomenon is likely to occur. On the other hand, the most desirable condition is linear rectification in which the short-circuit current has a current distribution proportional to the contact area of the carbon brush. In order to create this state, the relationship between the inductance L of the armature winding, the rectification time T, and the armature winding resistance R is satisfied so that L <RT, and R for performing this linear rectification is tested. As a result of the confirmation, as shown in FIG. 6, by increasing the armature winding resistance R when the winding specifications are set so that the ratio of the total number of RT conductors / ST winding is 6 or more, the rectification is improved. The efficiency can be improved and the life can be extended.

Third Embodiment of the Invention Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 8 is a connection diagram showing the winding arrangement of the armature windings of the commutator motor, and FIG. 9 is a graph of phase angle deviation and carbon brush life. The third embodiment of the present invention is a modification of the first embodiment of the invention. In the figure, the same components as those of the first embodiment of the present invention are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description of the duplicate components will be omitted. Reference numeral 16 is a field pole. As shown in FIG.
Phase angle X between the center of the armature winding 2 and the center of the field pole 16
Is set to be between 10 ° and 30 °. By arranging in this way, spark generation is small due to the spark suppression effect by the transformer action with the winding in the slot next to the rotation direction,
The black bar phenomenon can be suppressed and the life of the brush can be improved. Note that FIG. 9 shows the life characteristics of the carbon brush in the commutator motor 21 having a rated voltage of 100 V and an input of 1300 W.

Here, the phase angle X means an angle α formed by the geometric neutral axis XY and the electrical neutral axis X'-Y ', which is generally opposite to the rotating direction of the armature. The direction is positive. Normally, the angle α is adjusted by fixing the field and the shaft of the carbon brush and changing the connection angle of the armature coil lead to the commutator. This connection angle is usually adjusted by the press-fitting angle of the commutator with respect to the armature core slot. When this optimum phase angle was experimentally obtained,
As shown in FIG. 9, by setting the angle to 10 to 30 °, the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the flowing current comes to a position where the spark suppressing effect can be expected due to the transformer action of the armature winding, so that the spark generation is reduced and the commutation is performed. It can be improved, efficiency can be improved and life can be extended. Therefore, there is an effect that the press-fitting angle of the commutator is displaced from the center of the field and the armature core slot.

Fourth Embodiment of the Invention Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 10 is a winding wire connection diagram of a commutator motor representing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged view of a commutator wire portion of a commutator motor. In the figure, the same components as those of the first embodiment of the present invention are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description of the duplicate components will be omitted. Next, the winding form of the armature coil will be described. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, this is the case where the number of commutator pieces 3 is 24 and the number of armature iron core slots 1 is 12 (this is referred to as “one slot-2N segment system”).
In a winding machine having two winding flyers, the armature windings 2-1 and 2-2 whose winding start positions are symmetrical to each other are simultaneously started. The armature winding 2-1 is wound in the slots 1-1 and 1-6, and the winding start is connected to the commutator piece 3-1 and the winding end is connected to the commutator piece 3-2. Then, it is wound again in the slots 1-1 and 1-6, and its winding end is connected to the commutator piece 3-3 adjacent to the commutator piece 3-2. By such a winding method, winding is performed in order along the winding direction to form an armature coil.

Similarly, the armature winding 2-2 has slots 1-7.
And 1-12, and the start of winding is a commutator piece 3-13.
And the end of winding is connected to the commutator piece 3-14. Then, it is wound again in the slots 1-7 and 1-12,
The end of the winding is a commutator piece 3-15 next to the commutator piece 3-14.
Connect to. Hereinafter, similarly, the armature core slot 1 is wound over a half circumference of 12 slots, and the end of each armature winding 2-1 is 3-13 and the end of the armature winding 2-2 is 3. After being connected to -1, without being cut, the armature winding 2-1 is wound in the slots 1-7 and 1-12, and the winding end is 3
Connect to -14. The armature winding 2-2 has a slot 1-1
And 1-6, and the end of the winding is connected to the commutator piece 3-2.

In this way, the armature core slot 1 is wound one more time over another half circumference, and the armature winding 2-
The final winding end of 1 is connected to the commutator piece 3-1, and the final winding end of the armature winding 2-2 is the commutator piece 3-.
It is connected to 13 and disconnected. In the figure, P indicates the direction of rotation of the two armature winding wires. In this way, the single winding of the armature winding 2 has the same effect as the winding of the armature winding 2 in parallel. In the case of φ0.45 mm, a sectional area equivalent to φ0.65 mm can be obtained by double winding.

As described above, in the 1-slot-2N segment system in which the commutator 5 has twice as many commutator pieces 3 as the number of the armature core slots 1, the armature cores whose winding starts are in symmetrical positions respectively. For each pair of 7 slots, the number of windings is the same as the number of the commutator pieces 3 which is twice the number of slots 1
By winding one armature winding 2 around the entire circumference of the armature core slot 1, the number of slots is ½ of the number of commutator pieces 3 and substantially one armature. Wind the winding around the entire slot of the armature core 1
Since it becomes the same as the slot-1 segment type winding form, for example, when the wire diameter of the armature winding 2 is φ0.45 mm, the armature winding 2 is double-wound, If the wire diameter of 2 is φ0.65 mm, set the armature winding 2 to 1
Since a cross-sectional area equivalent to that of heavy winding can be obtained, it is possible to obtain the same effect as copper loss improvement obtained by winding a thick wire.

The diameter of the armature winding 2 is 0.45 m.
If it is m or less, since it is a thin wire, the line distance in the hook 6 of the commutator can be stably secured, and the hook 6
On the other hand, it is possible to solve quality problems such as fusing failure, wire breakage, deformation of hook 6 and deterioration of winding processing.
Further, since the fine wire is wound, the rigidity of the winding can be weakened, and as a result, the winding diameter can be reduced, so that manufacturing defects can be improved. In addition, it is not necessary to visually check the distance between the lines after connection, and the man-hours can be reduced to improve the productivity. Although the fourth embodiment of the invention has described the case where the number of commutator pieces 3 is 24 and the number of armature core slots 1 is 12, the number of commutator pieces 3 is equal to the number of armature core slots 1. In the case of an integral multiple of, one armature winding 2 wound by the same number as the integral multiple of the number of slots for each pair of slots is wound around the entire circumference of the armature core slot 1. It will be wound.

Fifth Embodiment of the Invention Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 12 is a winding wire connection diagram of a commutator motor representing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a partially enlarged view of a commutator connection portion of the commutator motor. FIG. 14 is a top view of the armature commutator portion of the commutator motor. In the figure, the same components as those of the first embodiment of the present invention are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description of the duplicate components will be omitted. Reference numeral 17 is an armature winding for parallel winding. Next, the winding form of the armature coil will be described. 12
Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the number of commutator pieces 3 is 22, and the number of armature iron core slots 1 is 22 (1 slot-1 segment system). With a winding machine having two winding flyers, two winding armature windings 2-1, 17-1 and two armature windings 2 whose winding starts are symmetrically positioned by one winding flyer, respectively. -2 and 17-2 are arranged in parallel and the winding is started at the same time.

The armature windings 2-1 and 17-1 are connected to the commutator piece 3-1 at the beginning of winding, are wound inside the slots 1-1 and 1-10, and end at the commutator piece 3-. Connect to 2. The beginning of winding the armature windings 2-2 and 17-2 is the commutator piece 3
It is connected to -12 and is wound in slots 1-12 and 1-21 and the end of winding is connected to commutator strip 3-13. Less than,
Similarly, the armature core slot 1 is wound over a half circumference, and the winding ends of the armature windings 2-1 and 17-1 are 3-1.
2. Wind the armature windings 2-2 and 17-2 so that the winding ends are connected to 3-1.

As described above, in the 1-slot-1 segment system having the same number of commutator pieces 3 as the armature core slots 1, for each pair of slots of the armature core 7 in which the winding start positions are symmetrical. By winding the two wound armature windings 2 in parallel over the half circumference of the armature core slot 1, substantially one armature winding 2 over the entire circumference of the armature core slot 1. Since it is the same as the one-slot-one-segment method of winding the winding,
For example, when the wire diameter of the armature winding 2 is φ0.45 mm,
Since the armature winding 2 is wound twice, when the wire diameter of the armature winding 2 is φ0.65 mm, a cross-sectional area equivalent to that when the armature winding 2 is wound once is obtained. It is possible to obtain the same effect as the copper loss improving effect obtained by winding a thick wire.

If the wire diameter of the armature winding 2 is φ0.45 or less, it is a thin wire, so that the wire-to-wire distance in the hook 6 of the commutator can be stably secured, and the fusing with respect to the hook 6 can be ensured. It is possible to solve problems in quality such as defects, disconnection, deformation of hooks and deterioration of winding processing. Furthermore, winding a fine wire can weaken the rigidity of the winding, and as a result,
Since the winding diameter can be reduced, manufacturing defects can be improved. In addition, it is not necessary to visually check the distance between lines after connection, which reduces productivity and improves productivity.

Sixth Embodiment of the Invention Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 15 is a winding wire connection diagram of a commutator motor representing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of a commutator connecting portion of the commutator motor. The same configurations as those of the first embodiment of the present invention are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description of the duplicated configurations will be omitted.
Next, the winding form of the armature coil will be described. Figure 1
5 and FIG. 16, when the number of commutator pieces 3 is 24 and the number of armature iron core slots 1 is 12 (1 slot-2
N segment method). In a winding machine having two winding flyers, two winding armature windings 2-1 and 17- each having a winding start at a symmetrical position by one winding flyer.
One and two armature windings 2-2 and 17-2 are arranged in parallel and the winding is started at the same time.

The armature windings 2-1 and 17-1 are slots 1
-1 and 1-6, and the winding start is the commutator piece 3-1.
And the end of winding is connected to the commutator piece 3-2. Then, it is wound again in the slots 1-1 and 1-6, and its winding end is connected to the commutator piece 3-3 adjacent to the commutator piece 3-2. In this way, the armature windings 2-1 and 17-1 form an armature coil. Similarly, armature winding 2-2, 17-
2 is wound in the slots 1-7 and 1-12, the winding start is connected to the commutator piece 3-13, and the winding end is connected to the commutator piece 3-1.
Connect to 4. And again, slots 1-7 and 1-1
The winding end is connected to the commutator piece 3-15 next to the commutator piece 3-14. Hereinafter, similarly, the armature core slot 1 is wound over a half circumference of 12 slots,
The end of each armature winding 2-1 and 17-1 is 3-
The coil 13 is wound so that the winding ends of 2-2 and 17-2 are connected to 3-1.

As described above, in the 1-slot-2N segment system in which the commutator 5 has twice as many commutator pieces 3 as the number of the armature core slots 1, the armature cores whose winding starts are symmetrical to each other. For each pair of 7 slots, the number of windings is the same as the number of commutator pieces 3 which is twice the number of slots 2
By winding the two armature windings 2 around the entire circumference of the slot 1 of the armature core, the number of slots is half the number of the commutator pieces 3 and substantially one electric machine is provided. Since the armature winding 2 has the same winding configuration as the one-slot-one-segment winding method in which the armature core slot 1 is wound around the entire circumference, for example, the armature winding 2 has a diameter of 0.45 m.
In the case of m, by double winding the armature winding 2,
When the wire diameter of the armature winding 2 is φ0.65 mm, a cross-sectional area equivalent to that of the armature winding 2 being wound once can be obtained, so it is equivalent to the effect of copper loss improvement obtained by winding a thick wire. You can get one.

The diameter of the armature winding 2 is φ0.45 m.
If it is m or less, since it is a thin wire, the line distance in the hook 6 of the commutator can be stably secured, and the hook 6
On the other hand, it is possible to solve quality problems such as fusing failure, wire breakage, deformation of hook 6 and deterioration of winding processing.
Further, since the fine wire is wound, the rigidity of the winding can be weakened, and as a result, the winding diameter can be reduced, so that manufacturing defects can be improved. In addition, it is not necessary to visually check the distance between the lines after connection, and the man-hours can be reduced to improve the productivity. Although the sixth embodiment of the present invention has described the case where the number of commutator pieces 3 is 24 and the number of armature core slots 1 is 12, the number of commutator pieces 3 is equal to the number of armature core slots 1. In the case of an integral multiple of, one armature winding 2 wound by the same number as the integral multiple of the number of slots for each pair of slots is wound around the entire circumference of the armature core slot 1. It will be wound.

Seventh Embodiment of the Invention A seventh embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. 17 is a winding wire connection diagram of a commutator motor representing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 18 is an enlarged view of a commutator wire connection portion of a commutator motor, and FIG. 19 is a top view of an armature commutator portion of the commutator motor. is there. In the figure, the same components as those of the first embodiment of the present invention are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description of the duplicate components will be omitted. Next, the winding form of the armature coil will be described. FIG. 17
19, the number of commutator pieces 3 is 22, and the number of armature iron core slots 1 is 22 (1 slot-1 segment system).

In a winding machine having two winding flyers, armature windings 2-1 and 2- whose winding starts are symmetrically located, respectively.
Start winding 2 at the same time. The armature winding 2-1 is connected to the commutator piece 3-1 at the beginning of winding, and the slots 1-1 and 1-1 are connected.
The winding end is connected to the commutator piece 3-2.
The armature winding 2-2 has a winding start connected to the commutator piece 3-12, is wound in the slots 1-12 and 1-21, and an end winding connected to the commutator piece 3-13. In the same manner, the armature core slot 1 is wound over half the circumference, and the end of each armature winding 2-1 is 3-12 and the end of 2-2 is 3.
After connecting to -1, disconnect once.

Next, from the cut position, the armature winding 2 is counted from the position where the two segment positions are counted in the rotational direction.
Similar to the first time, the windings of 2-3 and 2-4 corresponding to -1, 2-2 are started at the same time. The armature winding 2-3 is connected to the commutator piece 3-3 at the beginning of winding, and the slots 1-3 and 1-1 are connected.
The winding end is connected to the commutator piece 3-4.
The armature winding 2-4 has a winding start connected to the commutator piece 3-14, is wound in the slots 1-14 and 1-1, and an end winding connected to the commutator piece 3-15. In the same manner, the armature core slot 1 is wound in the same way over a further half circumference, and the end of each armature winding 2-3 is 3-14.
The winding end of 2-4 connects to 3-3.

As described above, the 1-slot-1 segment system having the same number of commutator pieces 3 as the armature core slots 1 is used for each pair of slots of the armature core 7 whose winding start positions are symmetrical. One wound armature winding 2
When winding each half of the armature core slot 1 around each other over the entire circumference, the winding start of the remaining half circumference is started from a position shifted from that by a predetermined position, and N / 2 is shifted from the shifted position.
The same effect as the method described in claim 1 can be obtained by sequentially winding up to the second pair of slots.
The first and second winding balances in one slot are improved, the initial unbalance of the armature can be reduced by 30%, and the armature balance correction can be improved.

Eighth Embodiment of the Invention Next, an eighth embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 20 is a top view of the armature commutator portion of the commutator motor showing the embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same components as those of the first embodiment of the present invention are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description of the duplicate components will be omitted. In the seventh embodiment of the invention, the winding start of the remaining half turn, which is the second time, is started from the position where the two-segment position is shifted from that, but in the eighth embodiment of the invention, the winding start position of the second winding is started. The next commutator piece 3
Starting from 60 ° to 120 ° ahead of the commutator piece 3 counting from the beginning. The winding method is the same as that of the seventh embodiment of the present invention, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted. With such a winding method of the armature winding, it is possible to obtain the same effect as the method described in the previous section, and since the winding of the second winding is almost 90 ° ± α, The initial unbalance can be reduced by about 30%, leading to improved armature balance correction.

Ninth Embodiment of the Invention Next, a ninth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 21 is a graph of turns ratio and life representing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 22 is a graph of turns specification and input, and FIG. 23 is an enlarged cutaway view of an armature core slot portion around which an armature winding is wound. is there. In the figure, the same components as those of the first embodiment of the present invention are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description of the duplicate components will be omitted. The ninth embodiment of the present invention is, like the first and seventh embodiments of the present invention, a 1-slot-1 segment system including the same number of commutator pieces 3 as the armature core slots 1, and the winding start positions are symmetrical positions. One armature winding 2 wound around each pair of slots of the armature iron core 7 in FIG. In contrast, when one armature winding is double-wound, the number of turns is the first> the second so that the winding resistance in the pair of slots is almost the same in the first and second windings. The ratio is set to 1.1 to 1.4.

By setting in this way, the method according to claim 1
The same effect as that of the method described above can be obtained, and further, the winding shape and winding resistance in the first and second turns can be made uniform, and the rectification balance can be improved. Therefore, the life can be expected to be improved as shown in FIG. Also, the number of turns is 1 if the number of turns is the same as before, or if the number of turns of the first and second turns is the same.
It could be expressed only as an integer value such as x8T and 1x9T, but as shown in Fig. 23, by changing the specifications of the number of turns of the first and second turns, 1x8.5T and 1x9.5T Being able to widen the range of specifications makes it extremely advantageous over the conventional method when adjusting the input with winding specifications.

Tenth Embodiment of the Invention Next, a tenth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 24 is a winding wire connection diagram of a commutator motor representing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 25 is a partially enlarged view of a commutator wire portion of the commutator motor. In the figure, the same components as those of the first embodiment of the present invention are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description of the duplicate components will be omitted. Next, the winding form of the armature coil will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, the number of commutator pieces 3 is 2
4, when the number of armature core slots 1 is 12 (1 slot-2N segment system).

In a winding machine having two winding flyers, armature windings 2-1 and 2- whose winding starts are symmetrically located, respectively.
Start winding 2 at the same time. The armature winding 2-1 is wound in the slots 1-1 and 1-6, and the winding start is the commutator piece 3
-1, and the end of winding is connected to the commutator piece 3-2. Then, it is wound again in the slots 1-1 and 1-6,
The end of the winding is connected to the commutator piece 3-3 adjacent to the commutator piece 3-2. By such a winding method, winding is performed in order along the winding direction to form an armature coil. Similarly, the armature winding 2-2 is wound in the slots 1-7 and 1-12, the winding start is connected to the commutator piece 3-13, and the winding end is connected to the commutator piece 3-14. And again slot 1-7
And 1-12, and the end of the winding is commutator piece 3
Connect to commutator strip 3-15 next to -14. Hereinafter, similarly, the armature core slot 1 is wound over a half circumference of 12 slots, and the winding end of each armature winding 2-1 becomes 3-.
After the winding end of 2-2 is connected to 3-1 to 13, it is once cut.

Next, starting from the position where the two segments are counted from the cut position and shifted in the rotational direction, the armature windings 2-1 and 2-2 start winding at the same time as in the first winding. The armature winding 2-1 has slots 1-7 and 1-12.
It is wound inside and the end of winding is connected to 3-14. The armature winding 2-2 is wound in the slots 1-1 and 1-6, and the winding end is connected to the commutator piece 3-2. In this way, the armature iron core slot 1 is further wound once more over the half circumference of 12 slots, and the final winding end of the armature winding 2-1 is connected to the commutator piece 3-1. , Armature winding 2
The final winding end of -2 is connected to the commutator piece 3-13 and cut.

As described above, in the 1-slot-2N segment system in which the commutator 5 has twice as many commutator pieces 3 as the number of the armature core slots 1, the armature cores in which the winding start are respectively symmetrical positions. For each pair of 7 slots, the number of windings is the same as the number of the commutator pieces 3 which is twice the number of slots 1
When the armature windings 2 of the book are wound around each other over the entire circumference of the armature core slot 1 by half, the start of the remaining half of the winding is started from the position shifted by 2 segments from the winding start, and N is moved from the shifted position. / By sequentially winding up to the second pair of slots, the same effect as the method described in claim 1 can be obtained, and 1 in one slot can be obtained.
The winding balance between the first and second turns is improved, the initial unbalance of the armature can be reduced by 30%, and the armature balance correction can be improved.

Eleventh Embodiment of the Invention Next, an eleventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the tenth embodiment of the invention, the winding start of the remaining half turn, which is the second time, is started from the position shifted by two segments from that, but in the eleventh embodiment of the invention, the winding start position of the second winding is started. Is counted from the next commutator piece 3 and winding is started from the commutator piece 3 60 ° to 120 ° ahead. Since the winding method is the same as that of the tenth embodiment of the invention, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. With such a winding method of the armature winding, it is possible to obtain the same effect as the method described in the previous section, and since the winding of the second winding is almost 90 ° ± α, The initial unbalance can be reduced by about 30%, leading to improved armature balance correction. Further, since the winding shape and winding resistance are uniform and the rectification balance can be improved, the life can be expected to be improved.

Twelfth Embodiment of the Invention A twelfth embodiment of the present invention is similar to the fourth and tenth embodiments of the present invention in that the commutator 5 has twice as many commutator pieces as the number of armature core slots 1. In the 1-slot-2N segment system including three, one armature winding 2 wound around each pair of slots of the armature iron core 7 whose winding starts are located symmetrically with respect to each other is provided in the armature iron core slot. When winding one half of the entire circumference (that is, one armature winding is double wound for each pair of slots), the first and second windings in the pair of slots The number of turns is 1st> 2nd so that the line resistance is almost the same, and the ratio is 1.
It is set to be 1 to 1.4.

By setting in this way,
The same effect as that of the method described above can be obtained, and further, the winding shape and winding resistance in the first and second turns can be made uniform, and the rectification balance can be improved. Therefore, the life can be expected to be improved as shown in FIG. Also, the number of turns is 1 if the number of turns is the same as before, or if the number of turns of the first and second turns is the same.
It could only be expressed as an integer value such as × 8T, 1 × 9T, but it can be expressed as 1 × by changing the specifications of the number of turns for the first and second turns.
Since the width of the winding specifications can be expanded to 8.5T and 1 × 9.5T, it is very advantageous compared to the conventional case when the input is adjusted according to the winding specifications. Although the above-described embodiments of the invention have all described the α-hook type commutator,
It is needless to say that the present invention can be applied to a stuffing type commutator (a method in which the connection of the armature winding is fixed in a groove provided on the commutator).

[0067]

As described above, in the commutator motor according to claim 1 of the present invention, the winding start is symmetrical with the 1-slot-1 segment system having the same number of commutator pieces as the slots of the armature core. for each pair of slots in the position
By simultaneously starting two windings in parallel and winding the armature winding wound at least once over the half circumference of the slot of the armature core, for example, the wire diameter of the armature winding is φ 0. In the case of 0.45 mm, by winding the two armature windings in parallel, the wire diameter of the armature winding becomes φ0.65.
In the case of mm, a cross-sectional area similar to that of winding one armature winding can be obtained, so that an effect equivalent to the effect of copper loss improvement obtained by winding a thick wire can be obtained. Further, if the wire diameter of the armature winding is 0.45 mm or less, since it is a thin wire, the distance between the wires of the commutator hook can be stably ensured, and fusing failure or disconnection,
It is possible to solve quality problems such as deformation of hooks and deterioration of winding processing. Furthermore, winding a thin wire can weaken the rigidity of the winding, and as a result, it is possible to reduce the winding diameter. Therefore, manufacturing defects can be improved. In addition, there is no need to visually check the distance between the lines after connection, and there is an effect that productivity can be improved by reducing man-hours.

In the commutator motor according to the second aspect of the present invention, the 1-slot-2N segment system in which the commutator is provided with commutator pieces that are an integral multiple of at least twice the number of slots of the armature core, Each of the commutator pieces at symmetrical positions
Connecting the winding start of two parallel coils, each is almost symmetrical
Winding is performed simultaneously for each pair of slots in the positional relationship.
The end of the armature coil that has been started and wound at least once
To the next commutator piece connected to the beginning of each winding.
Connect the commutator strip next to it to the beginning of the next armature coil.
The adjacent commutator element to the armature coil.
Connection between the adjacent commutators with each pair
The number of turns of the armature coil wound in the slot
The number of commutator pieces multiplied by an integer multiple of
Repeat so that the parallel coil is wound in the same slot.
The one slot described in claim 1 is obtained by winding the returned armature winding over a half circumference of the slot of the armature core.
Similar to the one-segment method, it is possible to obtain the effect of improving performance and the effect of improving productivity.

[0069]

[0070]

[0071]

[0072]

[0073]

[0074]

[0075]

[0076]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a winding wire connection diagram of a commutator motor that represents Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view of the armature commutator portion of the commutator motor showing the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a commutator connection showing the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a commutator connection part showing the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a view of the field core and the armature core showing the second embodiment of the present invention as seen from above.

FIG. 6 is a graph of a winding number ratio and a life of a carbon brush representing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a side view of a commutator motor that represents Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a connection diagram showing a winding arrangement of armature windings representing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a graph of phase angle deviation and brush life representing the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a winding wire connection diagram of a commutator motor that represents Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged view of a commutator connection part showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a winding wire connection diagram of a commutator motor that represents Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a partially enlarged view of a commutator connection part showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a top view of an armature commutator portion showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a winding wire connection diagram of a commutator motor that represents Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a partially enlarged view of a commutator connection part showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a winding wire connection diagram of a commutator motor that represents Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a partially enlarged view of a commutator connection part showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a top view of an armature commutator portion showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a top view of an armature commutator portion showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a graph of winding ratio and life representing Embodiment 9 of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a graph of a winding number specification and an input, which represents the ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is an enlarged cutaway view of an armature core slot portion around which an armature winding is wound according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a winding wire connection diagram for a commutator motor, which represents Embodiment 10 of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a partially enlarged view of a commutator connection portion showing a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a winding wire connection diagram of a conventional commutator motor.

FIG. 27 is a side view of an armature of a conventional commutator motor.

FIG. 28 is a sectional view of an armature core slot of a conventional commutator motor.

FIG. 29 is a partially enlarged view of a commutator connection portion of a conventional commutator motor.

FIG. 30 is a view of a conventional field core and armature core seen from above.

FIG. 31 is a top view of an armature commutator portion of a conventional commutator motor.

FIG. 32 is a side view of an armature commutator portion of a conventional commutator motor.

FIG. 33 is a bottom view of an armature commutator portion of a conventional commutator motor.

FIG. 34 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 33.

[Fig. 35] Fig. 35 is a view of a winding input portion of a fryer winding machine that performs armature winding.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 armature iron core slot, 2 armature winding, 3 commutator piece, 5 commutator, 7 armature iron core, 12 rotating shaft, 13
Field iron core, 14 field winding, 19 commutator motor.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Mitsuo Arai 1728 Omaeda, Omaeda, Hanazono-cho, Osato-gun, Saitama 1 Mitsubishi Electric Home Equipment Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-3-98433 (JP, A) JP Flat 8-98475 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H02K 23/00 H02K 3/28 H02K 15/095

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rotating shaft, an armature core having a plurality of N slots connected to the rotating shaft, and a commutator connected to the rotating shaft and having as many commutator pieces as the slots of the armature core. An electric machine formed by sequentially connecting the end of the armature winding wound in each pair of slots to the start end of the armature winding wound in the adjacent pair of slots and the adjacent commutator piece. In a commutator motor configured with a child coil, the armature coil starts winding at least once by parallelly starting two windings for each pair of slots whose winding start positions are symmetrical. The adjacent armature windings are successively connected to the adjacent commutator pieces, and the windings are sequentially wound up to the N / 2th paired slot and counted from the beginning of the winding to N / 2.
A commutator motor, which is formed by winding a terminal of an armature winding on a + 1st commutator piece, respectively. 2. A rotating shaft, an armature iron core having a plurality of N slots connected to the rotating shaft, and an armature core connected to the rotating shaft, the number being an integral multiple of twice or more the slot of the armature iron core. A commutator with a commutator strip and the windings in each pair of slots
Was in the produced commutator motor with an armature coil, armature coil, it commutator segment symmetrical positions, respectively
Connect the winding start of two parallel coils, and
Winding simultaneously for each pair of slots in nominal relationship
The end of the armature coil that has been wound at least once.
A commutator element next to the commutator element whose ends are connected to the winding start.
To the start of the next armature coil.
And the commutator strip next to the commutator strip next to
Connection between each of the adjacent commutators.
The number of turns of the armature coil wound in the pair of slots
Multiplied by an integer multiple of the commutator strip for the lot
Repeat so that the parallel coils are wound in the same slot.
Ri returns, continuously successively repeating this successively winding up N / 2 -th pair slots, counting from the start winding, connected N / 2 + 1 th terminal of the armature winding to the commutator segments of each A commutator motor, which is formed by winding as described above.