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JP3745139B2 - Endoscope - Google Patents

Endoscope Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3745139B2
JP3745139B2 JP33147598A JP33147598A JP3745139B2 JP 3745139 B2 JP3745139 B2 JP 3745139B2 JP 33147598 A JP33147598 A JP 33147598A JP 33147598 A JP33147598 A JP 33147598A JP 3745139 B2 JP3745139 B2 JP 3745139B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
rear end
endoscope
soft
bending
hardness
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JP33147598A
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JP2000152910A (en
Inventor
隆一 外山
精介 高瀬
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Olympus Corp
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Olympus Corp
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00064Constructional details of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/00071Insertion part of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/00078Insertion part of the endoscope body with stiffening means

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)
  • Endoscopes (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、挿入部の軟性部と操作部を接続する部分においての軟性部の折れを防止するため、その接続部分に折れ止め部材を取り付けた内視鏡に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
通常、内視鏡は、挿入部の軟性部と操作部を接続する部分において軟性部の折れを防止するため、その接続部分には折れ止め部材が取り付けられている。折れ止め部材はシリコンゴム等の柔軟性部材で成形された筒状のものであり、軟性部が曲がる際に抵抗を与えることにより軟性部が手元側で急激な屈曲が起きて破壊されることを防ぐようになっている。
【0003】
一般的な内視鏡の軟性部と操作部との接続部は図24で示すように構成されている。すなわち、操作部141の外装部材142の内部には円筒管143が固定されている。円筒管143の先端には内方に突き出すフランジ部144が一体に形成されている。一方、軟性部145の後端部分には筒状の後端口金146が設けられている。
【0004】
上記後端口金146の後端には外方へ突き出すフランジ部147が一体に設けられており、このフランジ部147は上記フランジ部144の端壁に当接している。また、後端口金146の外周面には上記円筒管143側のフランジ部147よりもやや先端側に位置して雄ネジ148が形成されている。この雄ネジ148には、内周面に雌ネジを切ったリング状部材であるナット149が螺合されている。このナット149を雄ネジ148にねじ込むことによりそのナット149を上記フランジ部144に突き当て後端口金146のフランジ部147との間で上記フランジ部144を締め付けることにより、円筒管143に対して軟性部145の後端口金146が緩みなく取付け固定されている。
【0005】
一方、折れ止め部材152は軟性部145の後端部外周を被覆する筒状のゴム部材153と、そのゴム部材153の後端内周部に一体的に設けられた筒状の金属製部材である支持部材154とを設けて構成されている。支持部材154の後端部の内面には雌ネジ155が形成されている。そして、この雌ネジ155の部分を上記円筒管143の外周に形成した雄ネジ151に螺合することで、折れ止め部材152は操作部141の円筒管143に対してねじ込み固定される。また上記折れ止め部材152のゴム部材153の先端側端部内面は軟性部145の外表面に対して比較的強く密着している。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記従来の構造のものでは、折れ止め部材152に対してある一方向へ軸中心の回転力が加わると、折れ止め部材152はその接続が緩んでしまう。このときに折れ止め部材152の先端側にあるゴム部材153と軟性部145とが密着する部分では強いせん断力が発生し、軟性部145の外表面や折れ止め部材152の先端部分が破損してしまうという虞があった。
【0007】
特に大腸内視鏡検査では挿入部の軟性部を把持してかなり頻繁に捻じり操作を行うため、この際に誤って折れ止め部材を把持して捻じりを加えることが多くなり、上記のような問題が発生しやすかった。
【0008】
本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、折れ止め部材を誤って捻じっても軟性部や折れ止め部材の破損の虞のない内視鏡を提供することを目的としたものである。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1に係る発明は、挿入部を備えた内視鏡において、操作者が把持するための操作部と、後端部分が前記操作部内の枠体に接続される管部材と、前記挿入部を構成するとともに可撓性を調整可能な構造を有し、前記管部材の先端側に口金を介して接続される軟性部と、前記軟性部の後端部近傍の外周を覆い、少なくとも一部が前記軟性部の外表面と接触する内面を有する折れ止め部材と、前記折れ止め部材が前記挿入部の長手軸周りに回転しないように前記管部材に対して前記折れ止め部材を係止する係止部と、前記挿入部の長手軸周りに回転可能に前記係止部を覆うように前記管部材より外側に位置して設けられた、前記軟性部の可撓性を操作者が調整するための硬度調整ノブと、を具備したことを特徴とする内視鏡である。
【0010】
請求項2に係る発明は、さらに前記口金の外周にその口金の円周方向に沿って形成された円周溝と、前記折れ止め部材に設けられ、前記円周溝部と係合する係合部と、を具備したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の内視鏡である。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1から図23を参照して本発明の実施形態を説明する。
【0013】
(構成)
図1に示すように、内視鏡装置1は、撮像手段を内蔵した電子式の内視鏡2と、この内視鏡2に照明光を供給する光源装置3と、上記内視鏡2から出力される撮像信号を信号処理する信号処理装置4と、この信号処理装置4から出力される映像信号により画面上に画像を表示するカラーモニタ5とによって構成されている。
【0014】
上記内視鏡2は、細長の挿入部6と、この挿入部6の後端に連設された太径の操作部7と、この操作部7の側面部から延設されたユニバーサルケーブル8とを備えてなり、ユニバーサルケーブル8の延出先端部には上記光源装置3に着脱自在に接続することができるコネクタ9が設けられている。
【0015】
上記挿入部6は、先端側から硬性の先端部11、この先端部11の後端に連結された湾曲自在な管状の湾曲部12と、この湾曲部12の後端に連結された長尺で可撓性を有する管状の軟性部13とからなり、その軟性部13の後端に対して上記操作部7の前端が連結されている。また、軟性部13の後端部外周には、後述する折れ止め部材10が被嵌され、折れ止め部材10は軟性部13と操作部7との接続部分に取り付けられている。
【0016】
内視視2では、挿入部6、操作部7、及びユニバーサルケーブル8にわたり、可撓性を有し、照明光を伝送する機能を有するファイバ束からなるライトガイド14が挿通されている。ライトガイド14の一端はコネクタ9に突出するように固定されたライトガイドコネクタ部15に接続され、ライトガイド14の他端は先端部11の照明窓に接続されている。そして、上記コネクタ9を光源装置3に接続することにより、ライトガイドコネクタ部15が光源装置3内のランプ16に対向し、そのランプ16の照明光がレンズ17で集光されてライトガイドコネクタ部15の入射端面に入射するようになっている。
【0017】
このライトガイド14によって伝送された照明光は先端部11の照明窓から前方へ出射され、患部等の被写体を照明する。被写体が照明されると、上記照明窓に隣接して先端部11に設けられた観察窓に取り付けた対物レンズ18により光電変換する機能を備えた撮像素子として電荷結合素子(以下、CCDと略記)19の受光面にその光学像を結ばれる。CCD19はその光学像を電気信号に変換する。
【0018】
このCCD19には信号ケーブル21の一端が接続されている。この信号ケーブル21は挿入部6、操作部7、及びユニバーサルケーブル8にわたって挿通され、その後端は上記コネクタ9に設けた電気コネクタ22に接続されている。この電気コネクタ22には外部ケーブル23が接続され、外部ケーブル23は信号処理装置4に接続される。そして、信号処理装置4のドライブ回路24で発生したCCDドライブ信号がCCD19に印加されることにより、そのCCD19において光電変換された撮像信号が順次読み出される。この撮像信号は信号処理装置4内の信号処理回路25に入力され、標準的な映像信号に変換する処理が行われる。この映像信号は上記カラーモニタ5に入力され、CCD19に結像された像を内視鏡観察像の表示領域5aにカラー表示するようになっている。
【0019】
上記挿入部6において、先端部11に隣接して設けられた湾曲部12は、リング形状の多数の湾曲駒26が、隣接する湾曲駒26と上下、左右に対応する位置でリベット等で互いに回動自在に連結して構成されている。最先端の湾曲駒26或いは先端部11には湾曲ワイヤ27の先端が固着され、湾曲ワイヤ27の後端は操作部7内のスプロケット28に連結されている。このスプロケット28の軸には湾曲操作を行う湾曲操作ノブ29が取り付けられている。尚、図1では簡単化のため、上下或いは左右方向のみの湾曲機構の概略を示している。
【0020】
そして、湾曲操作ノブ29を回動する操作を行うことにより、上下方向或いは左右方向に沿って配置した一対の湾曲ワイヤ27の一方を牽引し、他方を弛緩させると、牽引した湾曲ワイヤ27側へ湾曲部12を湾曲させることができる。
【0021】
上記操作部7には湾曲操作ノブ29が設けられた位置より前方側に位置して把持部31が形成されている。術者はその把持部31を把持し、把持した片方の手で把持に使用しない親指等の指で上記湾曲操作ノブ29等の操作を行う。
【0022】
この把持部31より前端側部分には処置具挿入口32が設けてあり、この処置具挿入口32から処理具を挿入することにより内部の処置具チャンネル33(図3を参照)を経て先端部11のチャンネル出口から処置具の先端を突出し、ポリープの切除等の処置を行うことができるようになっている。
【0023】
また、本実施形態では、例えば、上記折れ止め部材10に隣接する操作部7の前端部分に硬度調整操作を行う円筒形状の硬度調整ノブ34が設けられており、この硬度調整ノブ34を軸中心に回動する操作を行うことにより挿入部6の軟性部13内に配置された硬度可変手段を構成する硬度変更用ワイヤ(以下、単にワイヤと略記)35及び硬度変更用コイル(以下、単にコイルと略記)36により軟性部13の硬度を変更できる硬度調整機構が構成されている。
【0024】
図2は、内視鏡2の挿入部6及び操作部7のより具体的な構造を示すものである。軟性部13の外皮を形成する軟性管37の中には上記コイル36と、このコイル36内に挿通され、上記硬度調整ノブ34を操作したときの力を伝達するワイヤ35とが設けられている。コイル36は密巻きまたは密巻きに近い状態のコイルによって形成されている。また、コイル36内に挿通されたワイヤ35には上記コイル36の先端がろう付け等で強固に固定される。また、このコイル36の先端から延出され、コイル回転規制部材を形成するワイヤ延出部30の先端は湾曲部12と軟性部13とを接続する硬性でリング状の接続管38にろう付け等で強固に固定されている。
【0025】
上記湾曲部12と軟性部13とを接続する接続管38は最後端の湾曲駒26に固着されているが、最後端の湾曲駒26がその接続管38の機能を兼ねる兼用形式のものに構成しても良い。この接続管38を含む湾曲駒26はゴムチューブ等の弾性を有する外皮39で覆われている。
【0026】
このように本実施形態ではコイル36の自然状態における捻れ剛性よりも強い(大きい)捻れ剛性を有するワイヤ延出部30を介してコイル36の先端部を接続管38に固定したことにより、コイル36の回転を規制ないしは抑制する回転止めの機能を有するようにしている。ワイヤ延出部30は曲げに対して柔軟な弾性を有し、捻れに対しても適度の弾性を有するものである。
【0027】
このコイル36の手元側端部は操作部7の前端内部に配置したコイルストッパ40に突き当たって、ろう、半田、接着剤等でコイルストッパ40に固着されており、この位置より後方側への移動と回転とが規制(阻止)されている。また、コイル36内に挿通されたワイヤ35はコイルストッパ40の孔を貫通して後方へ延出されており、このワイヤ35はコイル36に対して軸方向に移動自在なものとなっている。尚、コイル36は大きくは回転しない状態にある。
【0028】
上記コイルストッパ40は軟性部13の後端を操作部7に接続固定するために設けた接続管としての後端口金41にビス42でねじ止め固定されている。後端口金41はその外周に配置される円筒管43の前端付近で、ナット44を用いて固定されている。
【0029】
一方、ワイヤ35の手元側の端部、つまり後端にはリング形状のワイヤストッパ45がろう付け等で強固に固定されている。また、コイルストッパ40とワイヤストッパ45の間には前後方向への移動が可能な牽引部材46が配置されており、この牽引部材46はC字状の移動リング47に固定されている。移動リング47には切り欠き部125が設けられている(図12を参照)。
【0030】
また、上記牽引部材46は図3(B)に示すように前後に突き抜ける溝(孔)48を有し、この溝48内に上記ワイヤ35が通るようになっている。つまり、図3(B)に示すように溝48は半径放射方向に長く形成されている。また、牽引部材46は円管状の移動リング47の内周壁にビス49によって固定的に取着されている。
【0031】
この移動リング47は、円筒管43の内面に嵌着され、その内面に摺接して軸方向(前後方向)に移動可能な状態に取り付けられている。この移動リング47と共に牽引部材46が後方側に移動すると、図2で示す牽引部材46がワイヤストッパ45に突き当たり、牽引部材46をさらに後方へ移動させる操作を行うことにより、ワイヤストッパ45と共にワイヤ35も後方側へ移動させることができる。
【0032】
ワイヤストッパ45が後方側へ移動されない状態ではコイルストッパ40により後方側への移動が規制されたコイル36は最も可撓性が高い状態、つまり最も屈曲し易い硬度が低い軟状態にある。これに対し、コイルストッパ40が後方側へ移動してワイヤ35も同時に後方側へ移動させた場合にはコイルストッパ40にコイル36の後端が当り、コイル36を相対的に前方に押し付ける圧縮力が作用する。つまり、ワイヤ35の後端を後方側に移動させる力を加えることによりコイル36に圧縮力を与え、この圧縮力により、弾性を有するコイル36の可撓性を低い状態、つまり屈曲しにくい硬度(より正確には屈曲に対する硬度)が高い、硬い状態に設定できる。この場合、ワイヤストッパ45の後方への移動量に応じてコイル36への圧縮力の大きさが変更され、これによって、コイル36の可撓性の大きさ(硬度の大きさ)を適宜変更することができる。
【0033】
一方、上記円筒管43の外側には図2及び図7で示すカム筒体51が被嵌されている。このカム筒体51にはその筒状部分の相対向する2箇所の位置にカム溝52a,52bが相関的に螺旋状に設けられている。カム筒体51は2条カムであり、カム溝52aとカム溝52bは同じ形をなしていて、カム筒体51の軸に対して一方を180度回転した位置に他方が重なるような対称な位置にそれぞれが設けられている。また、カム溝52a,52bは滑らかな螺旋形状になっている。
【0034】
また、円筒管43にはその長手方向に沿う長孔53が設けられている。そして上記移動リング47にはこの移動リング47と共に移動する2つのピン54が設けられている。各ピン54はそれぞれ対応するカム溝52a,52b及びその内側に位置する長孔53にわたって貫通するように配置され、最も内側の移動リング47にねじ部54aで固定されている。長孔53はワイヤ35の後端、或いはワイヤストッパ45の移動範囲をカバーする長さに設定されている。
【0035】
また、図3(C)に示すように、このカム筒体51の外周には円筒状の硬度調整ノブ34が組み付けられている。このカム筒体51の後端外周にはその外方向に突出する複数のキー71が設けられ、硬度調整ノブ34の後端内周には上記キー71の対応するものとそれぞれ係合するキー溝72が形成されている。従って、硬度調整ノブ34が軸まわりに回転すれば、キー71及びキー溝72を介してカム筒体51も回転する。
【0036】
上記硬度調整ノブ34においての、後述する規制部材74との接触面にはキー溝はなく、その部分の横断面形状は滑らかな円形になるように形成されている。硬度調整ノブ34の外径は先端側から手元側のある位置まで漸次増加しており、先端側よりも後端側が太くなり、握りやすい外周形状に形成されている。
【0037】
また、硬度調整ノブ34の外形状は上述した実施形態のものに限らず、握りやすい他の形状に構成してもよい。例えば、図10(A)に示すように、硬度調整ノブ34の後端側のある一定幅の部分116の外径を等しい大きさの太い径とし、残りの部分117の外径を等しい大きさの細い径とする。
他にも図10(B)や図10(C)で示すように、長手軸方向に平行に設けられた突出部(凸部)118または溝(凹部)119を設けてたものでも良い。
また、図10(D)で示すように、硬度調整ノブ34の外周上の一部に凸部または凹部を設けるようにしても良い。
また、図10(E)で示すように、全周にローレット目120を切ったり、図10(F)のようにゴム等の摩擦係数の高い樹脂121を外周に嵌め込んで、これを滑り止めにするようにしても良い。
また、図10(G)で示すように先端側端縁部のみの外径を大きくして鍔122を形成するようにしても良い。この場合には図10(H)で示すように、その鍔122が握る手の突き当て部分になる。
【0038】
上述した実施形態での硬度調整ノブ34ではその中心軸に対して対称的な形状であるが、非対称的な形状のものにしても良い。たとえば握る手の形に合わせた形状のものにしても良い。
【0039】
一方、図2で示すように、上記硬度調整ノブ34はその前端が円環状のカバー部材73に突き当たり、前方ヘの移動が規制されている。このカバー部材73は弾性部材、例えばゴム製であり、これは折れ止め部材10の支持部材58の外周に被嵌して配置され、折れ止め部材10のゴム部材110と硬度調整ノブ34の間に位置する支持部材58の外周領域を覆うようになっている。従って、支持部材58に形成される後述する通気孔を兼ねる雌ネジ孔111はそのカバー部材73により覆われ、通常、外部に露呈しないようになっている。
【0040】
上記折れ止め部材10のゴム部材110は筒状に形成されており、その外周は先端側が細い先細りの円錘形状に形成されている。そして、ゴム部材110は挿入部6の軟性部13の後端部外周表面に対して圧接して密着している。
【0041】
上記ゴム部材110の後端側部分は支持部材58の先端部に嵌着されている。また、このゴム部材110の後端側部分が嵌着する支持部材58の先端部分の外周には外方向に突出する複数のフランジ109が設けられており、そのフランジ109によってゴム部材110が支持部材58から剥離しにくくなっている。また、ゴム部材110の内側において、軟性部13の外周に圧接している部分よりも後端側で、ゴム部材110と軟性部13と後端口金41と支持部材58によって囲まれた部分には内部空間114が形成されている。
【0042】
図2で示すように、上記円筒管43の前端付近の外周には筒状の当接部材57が配置されており、この当接部材57は上記支持部材58とカム筒体51との間に挟まれて組み付けられている。この当接部材57としては滑り性の良い樹脂、例えばポリアセタール等で形成されている。
【0043】
また、上記円筒管43の外周にはカム筒体51の後端側に位置して円筒状の規制部材74が被嵌して設けられている。この規制部材74の後端部外周と把持部筒体61の前端部内周にそれぞれ形成した段差の間に形成される溝75にはOリング76が圧接して嵌め込んで取り付けられている。そして、規制部材74と把持部筒体61の間の水密がそのOリング76により確保されている。
【0044】
上記規制部材74の中間部外周にも周回する溝77が形成されており、この溝77にはOリング78が密に取り付けられている。このOリング78はその規制部材74の外周に被嵌する硬度調整ノブ34の内周面に圧接しており、この部位での水密を確保すると共に、硬度調整ノブ34を回転するとき、その硬度調整ノブ34に対し、ある程度の摩擦力を与えるようになっている。
【0045】
上記操作部7の把持部筒体61の前端の外周面は硬度調整ノブ34の後端部分を切り欠いて形成した内周面64に摺動可能な状態で密に嵌合している。また、把持部筒体61の前端は上記規制部材74の後端に略突き当る状態に近接している。
【0046】
そして、硬度調整ノブ34はカバー部材73と把持部筒体61との間で、カム筒体51や規制部材74の外周に被嵌され、そして前後方向への移動が規制された状態で取り付けられている。また、硬度調整ノブ34はカム筒体51を介して上記円筒管43の周りに回動自在に配置されている。
【0047】
このように硬度調整ノブ34は軸まわりに回転操作可能であるが、上記規制部材74は回転しないように、ビス79で円筒管43に固定されている。
また、硬度調整ノブ34の前端部内周面とその内側に対向する支持部材58の外周面との間にはOリング62が配置され、その部位での水密を確保すると共に、硬度調整ノブ34の内周面にOリング62が圧接していることにより、硬度調整ノブ34を回転するとき、その硬度調整ノブ34に対し、ある程度の摩擦力を与えるようになっている。
【0048】
上記円筒管43はその後端が図示しないビスにより操作部7の湾曲操作機構等が取り付けられる枠体(図示せず)に接続されている。そして、この円筒管43は硬度調整ノブ34側が回転されても回転しない構造で取り付けられている。
【0049】
図2で示すように、円筒管43の先端内周面にはその内方に突出するフランジ部101が一体に設けられている。また、上記後端口金41の後端外周にはその外方に突出するフランジ部102が一体に設けられている。そして、上記フランジ部101と上記フランジ部102は軸方向から端壁面同士が当接している。さらに、後端口金41の外周面において、上記フランジ部102よりもやや先端側に位置した外周面には雄ネジ103が形成されていて、この雄ネジ103には内周面に雌ネジを切ったリング状部材であるナット44が螺合され、このナット44をフランジ部101に突き当て後端口金41のフランジ部102との間でそのフランジ部101を締め付けて固定している。
【0050】
つまり、後端口金41はそのフランジ部102とナット44の間で、上記フランジ部101の部分を軸方向両側から挟み込むことで、上記円筒管43に対して弛みなく固定的に取り付けられている。
【0051】
上記後端口金41の外周面において、上記雄ネジ103よりも先端側に位置する外周面部分には周回する溝80が形成され、この溝80にはOリング104が設けられている。このOリング104は支持部材58の内周面と圧接しており、この部位での水密を保っている。
【0052】
また、後端口金41において、Oリング104を設けた位置よりも先端側に位置する外面には図2及び図4に示すように、その全周に周回する溝105が形成されている。また、その溝105に対向して上記支持部材58には放射状に配置されて貫通する複数の雌ネジ孔111が形成されている。支持部材58の雌ネジ孔111にはネジ106が螺合され、このネジ106の先端部分は上記溝105内に嵌め込まれている。つまり、支持部材58はネジ106によって後端口金41に組み付けられている。そして、上記溝105と上記ネジ106との係合によって軟性部13の後端部に対して長手方向への動きを規制し、かつ回転方向への動きをほとんど規制しない係合部を構成している。
【0053】
上記雌ネジ孔111が露出する支持部材58の外周領域は前述したカバー部材73によって覆われている。
さらに、図2で示すように、後端口金41の外周面にはその雌ネジ孔111に対向した円周溝105と上記折れ止め部材10のゴム部材110の内側に形成された内部空間114を連通する複数の溝113が設けられている。
【0054】
上述した如く、支持部材58は後端口金41の溝105にネジ106を締め付けることによって後端口金41に組み付けられているが、このように上記溝105とネジ106とによる係合手段だけでは中心軸方向の動きは規制できるが、中心軸まわりの回転は十分に規制できない。そこで、以下の係合手段が設けられている。すなわち、支持部材58の後端側部分を側面から見た図5で示すように、その支持部材58の後端側端部にはその後端に開口する切り欠き部107を設けると共に、円筒管43の外周面部にはピン108を取り付け、このピン108を上記切り欠き部107に嵌め込んで係合するようにする。これにより操作部7に対しての折れ止め部材10の回転方向の動きを規制し、かつ長手方向への動きについては規制しない係合部を構成している。
【0055】
以上の如く、本実施形態では円筒管43と折れ止め部材10とを接続するにあたり、回転方向の移動規制はピン108による係止手段で行われ、中心軸方向への移動規制はネジ106による係止手段で行われる。
【0056】
本発明はこの実施形態のものに限らず、例えば図6で示すように、上記ネジ106及びピン108による接続手段に代わりに、支持部材58の方に円孔161を設け、この円孔161にピン162を嵌め込み、そのピン162を円筒管43にネジ込み固定することで、回転方向と中心軸方向の両方の動きの規制を1つの固定手段で同時に行うようにしても良い。
【0057】
上記内視鏡2の挿入部6内には図3(A)に示すように、様々な内蔵物が配置されている。つまり、上下、左右に対応する位置に配置された4本の湾曲ワイヤ27、中央付近に配置された2本の信号ケーブル21、中央の上部寄りに配置された2本のライトガイド14、下寄りに配置された処置具チャンネル33、左寄りに配置されたコイル36及びワイヤ35、これに隣接して配置された送気を行うための送気チューブ69、及び送水するための送水チューブ70などが内蔵されている。また、操作部7内にも図3(B)に示すように種々の内蔵物が配置されている。
【0058】
(組み立て方法)
次に、図2で示した実施形態の内視鏡の組み立て方法について説明する。まず、図11で示すように、挿入部ユニット123を組み立てる。すなわち、軟性部13の後端に後端口金41を一体に組み付け、軟性部13の外周にOリング104を組み付け、さらに硬度変更用ワイヤ35、硬度変更用コイル36、コイルストッパ40、及びワイヤストッパ45を組み付ける。
なお、挿入部ユニット123の内部には、各種内蔵物が配列されており、挿入部ユニット123の後端からそれらが延出しているが、説明を簡単にするためにそれらについては図示しない。
【0059】
次に、図12(A)に示す位置に移動リング47を配置させる。移動リング47は、C字状の円筒形部材であり、その切り欠き部125から内蔵物(図示しない。)をその内部に誘導するようにして図11の位置に配置させる。つまり、移動リング47は挿入部ユニット123の後端から延出する内蔵物に対して側面から嵌め込む形となっている。
【0060】
次に、逆U字状で底面の両脇に移動リング47の内面と当接するフランジ126を有した牽引部材46を、逆U字状の溝127内に硬度変更用ワイヤ35を挿通した状態で、図12(B)で示すようにネジ124によって移動リング47の内面部に対してネジ止め固定する。
【0061】
次に、図13で示すように、円筒管43を挿入部6の先端から内部に軟性部13を挿通させながら軟性部13の後端方向へ、フランジ部101がフランジ部102に突き当たるまで移動させる。
【0062】
更に、図14で示すように、ナット44を挿入部6の先端から内部に軟性部13を挿通させながら軟性部13の後端方向へ移動させ、雄ネジ103に対して螺合させる。このとき、ナット44は比較的ゆるめに螺合させておく。
【0063】
次に、図15で示すように、操作部7に固定され、その先端部から延出する支持部材128に対して、円筒管43をネジ止め固定する。
【0064】
続いて、図16で示すように、軟性部13の上下左右方向と操作部の上下左右方向とを合わせながら、ナット44を固く締め付ける。
【0065】
次に、図16及び図17で示すように、操作部7の外装部材129を、挿入部6の先端から内部に軟性部13を挿通させながら、軟性部13の後端方向へ移動させる。操作部7の外装部材129は処置具挿入口32を組み付けることで、定位置に固定される。
【0066】
更に、図17及び図18で示すように、溝77、Oリング76を組み付けた規制部材74を、先端から内部に軟性部13を挿通させながら、軟性部13の後端方向へ操作部の外装部材129の先端側内端面に突き当たるまで移動する。
その後、円筒管43に対して、規制部材74をネジ止め固定する。
【0067】
次に、図18及び図19で示すように、挿入部6の先端から内部に軟性部13を挿通させながら、カム筒体51を軟性部13の後端方向へ規制部材74に突き当たるまで移動させる。その状態で、カム溝52b、長孔53を介して、移動リング47に対してピン54を係合する。同様にカム溝52a、長孔53を介して移動リング47をピン54に係合する。
【0068】
更に、図19及び図20で示すように当接部材57を、挿入部6の先端から内部に軟性部13を挿通させながら、軟性部13の後端方向へカム筒体51に突き当たるまで移動させる。その後、ピン108を円筒管43に対して係合させる。
【0069】
次に、図20及び図21で示すように、硬度調整ノブ34を、挿入部6の先端から内部に軟性部13を挿通させながら、軟性部13の後端方向へキー71に突き当たるまで移動させる。それからOリング62を取り付けた折れ止め部材10を、挿入部6の先端から内部に軟性部13を挿通させながら、軟性部13の後端方向へ当接部材57に突き当たるまで移動させる。このとき、図5に示すように、切り欠き部107内にピン108が嵌合する。
【0070】
次に、図22で示すように、雌ネジ孔111を介して、円周溝105に対して折れ止め部材10をネジ止めする。
その後、カバー部材73を、挿入部6の先端から内部に軟性部13を挿通させながら、軟性部13の後端方向へ移動させる。
【0071】
図23で示すように、カバー部材73は弾性変形させながら支持部材58の上に被覆する。このとき、カバー部材73の後端側の突出部は、硬度調整ノブ34の先端部内周に接するようになる。
【0072】
(修理を行う際の作用・効果)
修理作業を行う際には、まず折れ止め部材10を取り付け位置より先端側へずらす必要がある。以下にその手順を示す。最初に、ゴム製のカバー部材73を外側へ向けて広げるように変形させながら先端側へずらして、ネジ106の頭部を露出させる。そして、ネジ106を取り外す。この後に、図8に示すように、外へ露出した雌ネジ孔111の開口にエアガン112の先端ノズルを差し込み、空気を注入する。すると、雌ネジ孔111を通じて注入された空気は通気孔としての雌ネジ孔111→溝105→溝113→内部空間114の順に流れ込む。
【0073】
折れ止め部材10の後端側はOリング104によって仕切られているため、空気を連続して注入すると、内部空間114の内部圧力が高まり、それによって軟性部13と圧接しているゴム部材110が外径方向にめくれ上がって、そこから空気が外部へ漏れるようになる。
【0074】
ゴム部材110がめくれ上がった状態で、図9で示すように、軟性部13の外径より僅かに大きい内径と十分薄い肉厚を有するパイプ材(円筒管)115を軟性部13の先端側から挿入し、ゴム部材110と軟性部13との間に差し込むようにする。そして、折れ止め部材10の全体を先端側にずらすと、切り欠き部107からピン108が外れるので、折れ止め部材10は中心軸まわりに回転が可能な状態になる。
【0075】
このように空気を注入することにより折れ止め部材10のゴム部材110と軟性部13の間にパイプ材115を挿入する作業がスムーズに行えるため、作業に熟練していなくとも、折れ止め部材10を破損させることがない。パイプ材115を挿入した後は折れ止め部材10のゴム部材110と軟性部13との間の摩擦力を大幅に軽減できるために、折れ止め部材10を取り外すのが非常に容易である。従って、修理時の作業性が飛躍的に向上する。
【0076】
また、内部空間114に対して加えられた空気は、他の部分から漏れることなく、その内部空間114を加圧するので、軟性部13とゴム部材110の圧接部に十分な隙間を生じさせることが可能である。また、雌ネジ孔111、ネジ106の部分は通常、ゴム製のカバー部材73で覆われているので、汚れが溜まることがなく、洗滌・消毒性において優れている。
【0077】
(使用上の作用・効果)
上記内視鏡2において、硬度調整ノブ34を回転操作すると、カム筒体51も回転するので、ピン54がカム溝52a,52b内を移動し、牽引部材46が後方へ移動する。このようにして牽引部材46が少し動くと、ワイヤストッパ45に当り、さらに牽引部材46が後方に移動することで、ワイヤ35を牽引し、コイル36に圧縮力を加え、コイル36を硬質化する。これによって軟性部13を硬質化することができる。
【0078】
一方、硬度調整操作を行おうとする場合において、硬度調整ノブ34と間違えて、折れ止め部材10を握って操作することも考えられるが、誤って折れ止め部材10を捻じった際にはその回転操作力が、支持部材58に加わり、この全ての回転力がピン108によって円筒管43に伝達されるので、その回転力が接続部に伝わらない。挿入部6の軟性部13と操作部7の接続部を締結するナット44が緩むことがなくなるので、挿入部6と操作部7との接続が外れることがない。
【0079】
また、支持部材58は後端口金41に対してネジ(ビス)106によっても固定されるが、ネジ106は全周にわたる溝105に対して止めるだけなので、中心軸方向への力は受け止めることはできても中心軸まわりの回転力は受けない。このため、このネジ106を介して後端口金41には回転力が伝達させず、折れ止め部材10に加わった中心軸まわりの回転力は円筒管43にのみ伝達されることになる。従って、折れ止め部材10と軟性部13との接触部において、強いせん断力が生じて、軟性部13の外表面や折れ止め部材10の先端部が破損してしまうようなことがない。
【0080】
また、図6で示した構成のものの場合でも同様であり、折れ止め部材10を捻じると、折れ止め部材10に加わった中心軸まわりの回転力は円筒管43にのみ伝達される。さらに、この図6で示したものでは図2で示したもののように、折れ止め部材10を固定するために複数のピンを設ける必要がないため、組み立て性が良いという長所がある。また、組み立て時の原価低減につながるという効果がある。
【0081】
なお、図2で示したように、軟性部13と操作部7の接続構造にあっては、軟性部13と操作部7との上下左右方向の位置合わせがナット44を緩めるだけで行えるため、その位置合わせ作業が容易であり、この方式のものは多くの種類の内視鏡で採用する上での大きなメリットとなる。
【0082】
(硬度調整ノブの把持操作上の作用・効果)
図2及び図10(A)で示した実施形態のものではその外周の後端側が先端側と比較して太く形成されているため、その硬度調整ノブ34が握り易い。また、外径を大きくしている部分が、硬度調整ノブ34の後端側に位置しており、折れ止め部材10から離れているので、折れ止め部材10を誤って把持することが少なくなる。
【0083】
図10(B),(C),(E),(F)で示す実施形態のものでは硬度調整ノブ34の外周に凹凸を設けているため、その硬度調整ノブ34を把持した場合と、折れ止め部材10を握った場合とでは、その触感に明らかな違いがある。従って、誤操作を回避できる。
【0084】
図10(G)で示す実施形態のものでは図10(H)に示すように硬度調整ノブ34を把持するが、この際、小指に硬度調整ノブ34の鍔122の突出部分の側壁面に当るので、やはり折れ止め部材10を握った際の触感とは明確な差があり、誤操作を回避できる。また、鍔122の突出部分が滑り防止用の指当て機能が得られる。さらに硬度調整ノブ34を把持している手は腕の自重により下方に滑りやすいため、常にグリップをある一定以上の握力で把持する必要があり、検査疲労につながっていたが、図10(G)の構成のものでは、図10(H)に示すように、突出部が手を支えてくれるので、軽く把持しても手が下方に滑ることがなく、検査疲労の軽減につながるという効果がある。
【0085】
図10(D)の構成のものではその突起または溝の位置によって、目で確認せずとも今どの位置まで硬度調整ノブ34を回したかを触感にて確認できるという効果がある。
【0086】
図6で示したような構成のものではその組み立て上、ピン152の位置を硬度調整ノブ34より先端側にずらす必要があり、そのため、円筒管43の長さもそれに合わせて先端側に延出させる必要がある。その結果、円筒管43が軸方向に長くなり、操作部7の大型化につながるという問題がある。
しかし、図2で示した構成のものであれば、ピン108は硬度調整ノブ34の下に埋設可能なので、円筒管43をそれほど長くする必要がなく、操作部7の小型化につながる。
【0089】
<付記>
[付記項1]軟性部と、
上記軟性部の後端部近傍の外周を覆い、先端部内面が上記軟性部の外表面に密着する少なくとも一部が柔軟性樹脂で形成されている折れ止め部材と、
上記軟性部と折れ止め部材とで挟まれた内部空間と、
上記内部空間に連通する少なくとも一つの通気孔と、
を有することを特徴とする内視鏡。
【0090】
[付記項2]付記項1において、通気孔が着脱自在の弾性部材で被覆されていることを特徴とする内視鏡。
【0091】
[付記項3]付記項1において、内部空間は通気孔と先端部内面以外の部分では気密的に形成されていることを特徴とする内視鏡。
【0092】
[付記項4]軟性部の後端部近傍の外周を覆い少なくとも一部が上記軟性部の外表面と接触する柔軟性樹脂で形成されている折れ止め部材と、
上記折れ止め部材近傍に設けられ回転操作を行う操作ノブと、
を有する内視鏡において、
上記操作ノブの少なくとも一部の外径を他の部分の外径より大きくしたことを特徴とする内視鏡。
【0093】
[付記項5]付記項4において、操作ノブの先端側の外径を大きくしたことを特徴とする内視鏡。
[付記項6]付記項4において、操作ノブの後端側の外径を大きくしたことを特徴とする内視鏡。
【0094】
[付記項7]軟性部の後端部近傍の外周を覆い少なくとも一部が上記軟性部の外表面と接触する柔軟性樹脂で形成されている折れ止め部材と、
上記折れ止め部材近傍に設けられ回転操作を行う操作ノブと、
を有する内視鏡において、
上記操作ノブの外表面の少なくとも一部において、滑り止めを設けたことを特徴とする内視鏡。
【0095】
[付記項8]付記項7において、滑り止めは操作ノブ周上の一部に設けられていることを特徴とする内視鏡。
(付記項1の効果)折れ止め部材の取り外しが容易であるため、修理作業が容易である。
【0096】
(付記項2の効果)付記項1の効果に加えて通気孔に汚れがたまらないので、洗滌・消毒性に優れている。
【0097】
(付記項3の効果)付記項1の効果に加えて、通気孔から内部空間へ十分加圧できるので、折れ止め部材と軟性部との間に十分な隙間を生じさせることができ、折れ止め部材の取り外し作業がさらに容易になる。
【0098】
(付記項4の効果)折れ止め部材より操作ノブが把持しやすいので、誤って折れ止め部材を握って回転させてしまうことが少なくなり、軟性部や折れ止め部材の破損の恐れが少ない。
【0099】
(付記項5の効果)付記項4の効果に加えて、操作ノブの外径の大きい部分が操作ノブを把持する手を支えてくれるので、軽く把持しても手が下方に滑ることがなく、検査疲労の軽減につながる。
【0100】
(付記項6の効果)付記項4の効果に加えて、操作ノブの外径の大きい部分が折れ止め部材から離れているので、より折れ止め部材を誤って把持することが少なくなる。
【0101】
(付記項7の効果)付記項2の効果に加えて、操作ノブを操作する時にノブが滑りにくいので、操作性の向上につながる。
【0102】
(付記項8の効果)付記項7の効果に加えて、滑り止めの位置によって、目で確認せずとも今どの位置まで操作ノブを回転したか触感にて確認できる。
【0103】
[付記項1〜3の従来技術とその課題]
図24に示すように、従来の内視鏡において、折れ止め部材152のゴム部材153の先端側端部は軟性部145の外表面に対して比較的強く密着している。
このため、折れ止め部材152を外すため、折れ止め部材152を回転させると、折れ止め部材152のゴム部材153と軟性部145との接触部分の摩擦抵抗が大きいため、軟性部145や折れ止め部材152等が破損してしまう虞がある。
【0104】
そこで、従来では、折れ止め部材152のゴム部材153と軟性部145との接合部分にドライバー等を差し込んで隙間を空け、その隙間に円筒を差し込み、その円筒の外周にゴム部材153を載せて、折れ止め部材152がスムーズに回転するようにして折れ止め部材152を取り外すようにしていた。
【0105】
しかしながら、折れ止め部材152のゴム部材153と軟性部145との接合部分にドライバー等を差し込んで、その間に隙間を空けようとしても、一度の差し込み操作では周方向の一部にしか隙間が作れないので、接合部の全周にわたりその間に円筒を挿入するのはかなり困難な作業であった。そのため、未熟な作業者が行うと、折れ止め部材を破損してしまう虞があった。
【0106】
そこで、付記項1〜3のものは上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、折れ止め部材の取り外しが容易な内視鏡を提供することを目的とする。
【0107】
[付記項4〜8の従来技術とその課題]
特願平10−1747号の未公開出願のものには、内視鏡の軟性部の硬度を調整可能な硬度調整手段を設けた構成が示されている。これによると、操作部に設けた硬度調整ノブを操作することにより、軟性部の硬度を変化させることができる。
しかし、硬度調整ノブは折れ止め部材の近傍に設けられているため、折れ止め部材も誤って掴んで、折れ止め部材に回転力を加えてしまうことがある。折れ止め部材の取付け構造が前述した図24で示すようなものでは折れ止め部材に回転力が加わると、その折れ止め部材が中心軸まわりで回転してしまうため、発明の解決しようとする課題の欄で述べたと同様の問題があった。
【0108】
これは、何も軟性部の硬度を変化させる内視鏡に限ったことではなく、折れ止め部材の近傍に、その中心軸まわりに回転する操作ノブを有する内視鏡に共通した問題であり、たとえば光学ズームを調整するための操作ノブを折れ止め部材の近傍に設けた場合も同様の問題がある。
【0109】
付記項4〜8のものは上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、折れ止め部材を誤って握って操作することを防止する内視鏡を提供することを目的とする。
【0110】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、請求項1の発明によれば、折れ止め部材を誤って捻じっても、軟性部や折れ止め部材の破損の恐れがない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】第1実施形態に係る内視鏡装置の概略を示す構成図。
【図2】第1実施形態に係る内視鏡における挿入部の軟性部と操作部にわたる部分の詳細を構成を示す縦断図。
【図3】(A)は図2のA−A線に沿う部分の断面図、(B)は図2のB−B線に沿う部分の断面図、(C)は図2のC−C線に沿う部分の断面図.
【図4】図2のD−D線に沿う部分の断面図。
【図5】上記内視鏡における折れ止め部材の支持部材と円筒管との接続状態を示す説明図。
【図6】上記内視鏡における折れ止め部材を円筒管に対して直接にネジ止めした状態を示す説明図。
【図7】上記内視鏡におけるカム筒体の詳細説明図。
【図8】上記内視鏡における折れ止め部材を取り外す際の作業方法を示す説明図。
【図9】上記内視鏡における折れ止め部材を取り外す際の作業方法を示す説明図。
【図10】(A)〜(H)は硬度調整ノブの他の例を示す説明図。
【図11】上記内視鏡の組み立て手順の説明図。
【図12】上記内視鏡の組み立て手順の説明図。
【図13】上記内視鏡の組み立て手順の説明図。
【図14】上記内視鏡の組み立て手順の説明図。
【図15】上記内視鏡の組み立て手順の説明図。
【図16】上記内視鏡の組み立て手順の説明図。
【図17】上記内視鏡の組み立て手順の説明図。
【図18】上記内視鏡の組み立て手順の説明図。
【図19】上記内視鏡の組み立て手順の説明図。
【図20】上記内視鏡の組み立て手順の説明図。
【図21】上記内視鏡の組み立て手順の説明図。
【図22】上記内視鏡の組み立て手順の説明図。
【図23】上記内視鏡の組み立て手順の説明図。
【図24】一般的な内視鏡の軟性部と操作部との接続部の縦断面図。
【符号の説明】
1…内視鏡装置、2…内視鏡、6…挿入部、7…操作部、11…先端部、
12…湾曲部、13…軟性部、10…折れ止め部材、37…軟性管、
41…後端口金、43…円筒管、58…支持部材、109…フランジ、
110…ゴム部材。
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an endoscope in which a bending prevention member is attached to a connecting portion in order to prevent the bending of the flexible portion at a portion where the flexible portion of the insertion portion is connected to the operation portion.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, an endoscope is provided with a bend preventing member attached to the connecting portion in order to prevent the flexible portion from being bent at a portion where the flexible portion of the insertion portion is connected to the operation portion. The bend-preventing member is a cylindrical member formed of a flexible member such as silicon rubber, and the soft portion is broken when it suddenly bends by giving resistance when the soft portion bends. It comes to prevent.
[0003]
A connecting portion between the flexible portion and the operation portion of a general endoscope is configured as shown in FIG. That is, the cylindrical tube 143 is fixed inside the exterior member 142 of the operation unit 141. A flange portion 144 protruding inward is integrally formed at the tip of the cylindrical tube 143. On the other hand, a cylindrical rear end cap 146 is provided at the rear end portion of the soft portion 145.
[0004]
A flange portion 147 projecting outward is integrally provided at the rear end of the rear end cap 146, and the flange portion 147 is in contact with the end wall of the flange portion 144. Further, a male screw 148 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rear end cap 146 so as to be located slightly on the front end side with respect to the flange portion 147 on the cylindrical tube 143 side. A nut 149, which is a ring-shaped member having a female thread cut, is screwed onto the male thread 148. By screwing the nut 149 into the male screw 148, the nut 149 is abutted against the flange portion 144, and the flange portion 144 is tightened between the flange portion 147 of the rear end cap 146, thereby softening the cylindrical tube 143. The rear end cap 146 of the portion 145 is attached and fixed without looseness.
[0005]
On the other hand, the bend preventing member 152 is a cylindrical rubber member 153 that covers the outer periphery of the rear end portion of the soft portion 145, and a cylindrical metal member that is integrally provided on the inner peripheral portion of the rear end of the rubber member 153. A certain support member 154 is provided. A female screw 155 is formed on the inner surface of the rear end portion of the support member 154. The folding member 152 is screwed and fixed to the cylindrical tube 143 of the operation unit 141 by screwing the female screw 155 into a male screw 151 formed on the outer periphery of the cylindrical tube 143. In addition, the inner surface of the end portion of the rubber member 153 of the anti-bending member 152 is relatively tightly adhered to the outer surface of the soft portion 145.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described conventional structure, when a rotational force about the shaft center is applied in one direction with respect to the folding preventing member 152, the connection of the folding preventing member 152 is loosened. At this time, a strong shearing force is generated at the portion where the rubber member 153 and the soft portion 145 on the distal end side of the folding preventing member 152 are in close contact with each other, and the outer surface of the flexible portion 145 and the distal end portion of the folding preventing member 152 are damaged. There was a fear that it would end up.
[0007]
Especially in colonoscopy, the soft part of the insertion part is gripped and the twisting operation is performed quite frequently, and at this time, the folding member is often gripped by mistake and twisting is frequently performed. The problem was easy to occur.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an endoscope that does not cause damage to a soft part or a bend preventing member even if the bend preventing member is twisted by mistake. .
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 is an endoscope including an insertion portion, an operation portion for an operator to hold, a tube member whose rear end portion is connected to a frame body in the operation portion, and the insertion portion And has a structure capable of adjusting flexibility, and is connected to the distal end side of the tube member via a base, and covers an outer periphery in the vicinity of the rear end portion of the flexible portion, and at least a part thereof A folding member having an inner surface that contacts the outer surface of the soft part, and a mechanism for locking the folding member to the tube member so that the folding member does not rotate around the longitudinal axis of the insertion part. An operator adjusts the flexibility of the soft portion provided on the outer side of the tube member so as to cover the stop portion and the locking portion so as to be rotatable around the longitudinal axis of the insertion portion. And an hardness adjustment knob.
[0010]
The invention according to claim 2 further includes a circumferential groove formed on an outer periphery of the base along a circumferential direction of the base, and an engaging portion that is provided in the folding preventing member and engages with the circumferential groove. The endoscope according to claim 1, further comprising:
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0013]
(Constitution)
As shown in FIG. 1, an endoscope apparatus 1 includes an electronic endoscope 2 incorporating an imaging unit, a light source device 3 that supplies illumination light to the endoscope 2, and the endoscope 2. The image processing apparatus includes a signal processing device 4 that performs signal processing on the output imaging signal, and a color monitor 5 that displays an image on a screen using a video signal output from the signal processing device 4.
[0014]
The endoscope 2 includes an elongated insertion portion 6, a large-diameter operation portion 7 connected to the rear end of the insertion portion 6, and a universal cable 8 extending from a side surface portion of the operation portion 7. A connector 9 that can be detachably connected to the light source device 3 is provided at the extended tip of the universal cable 8.
[0015]
The insertion portion 6 includes a rigid distal end portion 11 from the distal end side, a bendable tubular curved portion 12 coupled to the rear end of the distal end portion 11, and a long length coupled to the rear end of the curved portion 12. It consists of a flexible tubular portion 13 having flexibility, and the front end of the operation portion 7 is connected to the rear end of the flexible portion 13. Further, a bend preventing member 10 to be described later is fitted on the outer periphery of the rear end portion of the soft portion 13, and the bend preventing member 10 is attached to a connecting portion between the soft portion 13 and the operation portion 7.
[0016]
In the endoscopic view 2, a light guide 14 including a fiber bundle having flexibility and a function of transmitting illumination light is inserted through the insertion portion 6, the operation portion 7, and the universal cable 8. One end of the light guide 14 is connected to a light guide connector portion 15 fixed so as to protrude from the connector 9, and the other end of the light guide 14 is connected to the illumination window of the tip portion 11. Then, by connecting the connector 9 to the light source device 3, the light guide connector portion 15 faces the lamp 16 in the light source device 3, and the illumination light of the lamp 16 is condensed by the lens 17, and the light guide connector portion. The light is incident on the 15 incident end faces.
[0017]
The illumination light transmitted by the light guide 14 is emitted forward from the illumination window of the distal end portion 11 and illuminates a subject such as an affected area. When an object is illuminated, a charge coupled device (hereinafter abbreviated as CCD) is provided as an imaging device having a function of performing photoelectric conversion by an objective lens 18 attached to an observation window provided at the distal end portion 11 adjacent to the illumination window. The optical image is formed on 19 light receiving surfaces. The CCD 19 converts the optical image into an electric signal.
[0018]
One end of a signal cable 21 is connected to the CCD 19. The signal cable 21 is inserted through the insertion portion 6, the operation portion 7, and the universal cable 8, and the rear end thereof is connected to an electrical connector 22 provided on the connector 9. An external cable 23 is connected to the electrical connector 22, and the external cable 23 is connected to the signal processing device 4. Then, the CCD drive signal generated by the drive circuit 24 of the signal processing device 4 is applied to the CCD 19, whereby the imaging signals photoelectrically converted by the CCD 19 are sequentially read out. This image pickup signal is input to a signal processing circuit 25 in the signal processing device 4 and converted into a standard video signal. This video signal is input to the color monitor 5, and the image formed on the CCD 19 is displayed in color in the display area 5a of the endoscope observation image.
[0019]
In the insertion portion 6, the bending portion 12 provided adjacent to the distal end portion 11 is configured so that a large number of ring-shaped bending pieces 26 rotate with each other with rivets or the like at positions corresponding to the vertical and left and right adjacent bending pieces 26. It is configured to be movably connected. The distal end of the bending wire 27 is fixed to the most advanced bending piece 26 or the distal end portion 11, and the rear end of the bending wire 27 is connected to the sprocket 28 in the operation portion 7. A bending operation knob 29 for performing a bending operation is attached to the shaft of the sprocket 28. For the sake of simplicity, FIG. 1 shows an outline of the bending mechanism only in the vertical and horizontal directions.
[0020]
Then, by rotating the bending operation knob 29, one of the pair of bending wires 27 arranged along the vertical direction or the left-right direction is pulled, and when the other is relaxed, the pulled bending wire 27 is moved to the side. The bending portion 12 can be bent.
[0021]
A grip portion 31 is formed on the operation portion 7 so as to be located in front of the position where the bending operation knob 29 is provided. The surgeon grips the grip portion 31 and operates the bending operation knob 29 and the like with a finger such as a thumb that is not used for gripping with the gripped one hand.
[0022]
A treatment instrument insertion port 32 is provided at a front end side portion from the grip portion 31, and a distal end portion is inserted through a treatment tool channel 33 (see FIG. 3) by inserting the treatment tool from the treatment tool insertion port 32. The distal end of the treatment tool protrudes from the 11 channel outlets so that treatment such as polyp excision can be performed.
[0023]
Further, in the present embodiment, for example, a cylindrical hardness adjustment knob 34 for performing a hardness adjustment operation is provided at the front end portion of the operation portion 7 adjacent to the anti-bending member 10, and the hardness adjustment knob 34 is centered on the axis. The hardness changing wire (hereinafter simply abbreviated as “wire”) 35 and the hardness changing coil (hereinafter simply referred to as “coil”) constituting the hardness varying means disposed in the flexible portion 13 of the insertion portion 6 by rotating the needle 6 into the flexible portion 13. Abbreviated) 36 constitutes a hardness adjusting mechanism capable of changing the hardness of the flexible portion 13.
[0024]
FIG. 2 shows a more specific structure of the insertion portion 6 and the operation portion 7 of the endoscope 2. The flexible tube 37 that forms the outer skin of the flexible portion 13 is provided with the coil 36 and a wire 35 that is inserted into the coil 36 and transmits a force when the hardness adjusting knob 34 is operated. . The coil 36 is formed by a coil in a state of close winding or close winding. The tip of the coil 36 is firmly fixed to the wire 35 inserted into the coil 36 by brazing or the like. In addition, the tip of the wire extension portion 30 that extends from the tip of the coil 36 and forms the coil rotation restricting member is brazed to a rigid and ring-shaped connecting tube 38 that connects the bending portion 12 and the flexible portion 13. It is firmly fixed with.
[0025]
The connecting pipe 38 that connects the bending portion 12 and the flexible portion 13 is fixed to the rearmost bending piece 26, but the rearmost bending piece 26 is configured to be a dual-purpose type that also functions as the connecting pipe 38. You may do it. The bending piece 26 including the connection pipe 38 is covered with an elastic skin 39 such as a rubber tube.
[0026]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the coil 36 is fixed to the connecting pipe 38 by fixing the tip end portion of the coil 36 to the connecting tube 38 through the wire extending portion 30 having a torsional rigidity that is stronger (larger) than the torsional rigidity in the natural state. It has a function of stopping or restricting the rotation of the rotation. The wire extension part 30 has flexible elasticity with respect to bending, and has moderate elasticity with respect to twisting.
[0027]
The proximal end of the coil 36 abuts on the coil stopper 40 disposed inside the front end of the operation unit 7 and is fixed to the coil stopper 40 with wax, solder, adhesive, or the like, and moves backward from this position. And rotation are regulated (blocked). Further, the wire 35 inserted into the coil 36 passes through the hole of the coil stopper 40 and extends rearward. The wire 35 is movable in the axial direction with respect to the coil 36. It should be noted that the coil 36 is not in a state of being largely rotated.
[0028]
The coil stopper 40 is screwed and fixed to a rear end cap 41 as a connecting pipe provided for connecting and fixing the rear end of the flexible portion 13 to the operation portion 7 with screws 42. The rear end cap 41 is fixed using a nut 44 in the vicinity of the front end of the cylindrical tube 43 disposed on the outer periphery thereof.
[0029]
On the other hand, a ring-shaped wire stopper 45 is firmly fixed to the end of the wire 35 on the hand side, that is, the rear end by brazing or the like. A pulling member 46 that can move in the front-rear direction is disposed between the coil stopper 40 and the wire stopper 45, and the pulling member 46 is fixed to a C-shaped moving ring 47. The moving ring 47 is provided with a notch 125 (see FIG. 12).
[0030]
Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, the pulling member 46 has a groove (hole) 48 that penetrates forward and backward, and the wire 35 passes through the groove 48. That is, as shown in FIG. 3B, the groove 48 is formed long in the radial direction. The pulling member 46 is fixedly attached to the inner peripheral wall of a circular moving ring 47 with screws 49.
[0031]
The moving ring 47 is fitted on the inner surface of the cylindrical tube 43, and is attached so as to be slidable on the inner surface and movable in the axial direction (front-rear direction). When the pulling member 46 moves rearward together with the moving ring 47, the pulling member 46 shown in FIG. 2 hits the wire stopper 45, and the wire 35 together with the wire stopper 45 is operated by moving the pulling member 46 further rearward. Can also be moved backward.
[0032]
In a state where the wire stopper 45 is not moved rearward, the coil 36 whose movement toward the rear side is restricted by the coil stopper 40 is in the most flexible state, that is, in the soft state having the lowest bending hardness. On the other hand, when the coil stopper 40 is moved rearward and the wire 35 is also moved rearward at the same time, the rear end of the coil 36 hits the coil stopper 40, and the compression force that relatively presses the coil 36 forward. Works. That is, a compressive force is applied to the coil 36 by applying a force that moves the rear end of the wire 35 to the rear side, and this compressive force reduces the flexibility of the coil 36 having elasticity, that is, a hardness that is difficult to bend ( More precisely, it can be set to a hard state with a high hardness against bending. In this case, the magnitude of the compressive force applied to the coil 36 is changed in accordance with the rearward movement amount of the wire stopper 45, and accordingly, the flexibility magnitude (hardness magnitude) of the coil 36 is appropriately changed. be able to.
[0033]
On the other hand, a cam cylinder 51 shown in FIGS. 2 and 7 is fitted on the outside of the cylindrical tube 43. This cam cylinder 51 is provided with cam grooves 52a and 52b in a spiral manner in two opposite positions of the cylindrical portion. The cam cylinder 51 is a two-row cam, and the cam groove 52a and the cam groove 52b have the same shape, and are symmetrical so that the other overlaps a position rotated by 180 degrees with respect to the axis of the cam cylinder 51. Each is provided in a position. The cam grooves 52a and 52b have a smooth spiral shape.
[0034]
The cylindrical tube 43 is provided with a long hole 53 along its longitudinal direction. The moving ring 47 is provided with two pins 54 that move together with the moving ring 47. Each pin 54 is disposed so as to penetrate through the corresponding cam groove 52a, 52b and the long hole 53 located inside thereof, and is fixed to the innermost moving ring 47 with a screw portion 54a. The long hole 53 is set to a length that covers the rear end of the wire 35 or the movement range of the wire stopper 45.
[0035]
Further, as shown in FIG. 3C, a cylindrical hardness adjustment knob 34 is assembled on the outer periphery of the cam cylinder 51. A plurality of keys 71 projecting outward are provided on the outer periphery of the rear end of the cam cylinder 51, and key grooves that engage with corresponding ones of the keys 71 on the inner periphery of the rear end of the hardness adjusting knob 34, respectively. 72 is formed. Therefore, when the hardness adjustment knob 34 rotates about the axis, the cam cylinder 51 also rotates through the key 71 and the key groove 72.
[0036]
There is no key groove on the contact surface of the hardness adjusting knob 34 with a regulating member 74 described later, and the cross-sectional shape of the portion is formed to be a smooth circle. The outer diameter of the hardness adjustment knob 34 gradually increases from the front end side to a position on the hand side, and the rear end side is thicker than the front end side, and is formed in an outer peripheral shape that is easy to grip.
[0037]
Further, the outer shape of the hardness adjustment knob 34 is not limited to that of the above-described embodiment, and may be configured in another shape that is easy to grip. For example, as shown in FIG. 10A, the outer diameter of the constant width portion 116 on the rear end side of the hardness adjustment knob 34 is set to a large diameter having the same size, and the outer diameter of the remaining portion 117 is set to the same size. The thin diameter.
In addition, as shown in FIGS. 10B and 10C, a protrusion (protrusion) 118 or a groove (recess) 119 provided parallel to the longitudinal axis direction may be provided.
Further, as shown in FIG. 10D, a convex portion or a concave portion may be provided on a part of the outer periphery of the hardness adjustment knob 34.
Further, as shown in FIG. 10E, knurled eyes 120 are cut around the entire circumference, or a resin 121 having a high friction coefficient such as rubber is fitted on the outer circumference as shown in FIG. You may make it.
Further, as shown in FIG. 10G, the outer diameter of only the end edge portion may be increased to form the flange 122. In this case, as shown in FIG. 10 (H), it becomes the abutting portion of the hand gripped by the heel 122.
[0038]
The hardness adjustment knob 34 in the above-described embodiment has a symmetric shape with respect to the central axis, but may have an asymmetric shape. For example, you may make it the shape according to the shape of the hand to hold.
[0039]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, the front end of the hardness adjusting knob 34 abuts against an annular cover member 73, and movement to the front is restricted. The cover member 73 is made of an elastic member, for example, rubber. The cover member 73 is disposed so as to fit on the outer periphery of the support member 58 of the anti-bending member 10, and is interposed between the rubber member 110 of the anti-bending member 10 and the hardness adjustment knob 34. The outer peripheral region of the support member 58 that is positioned is covered. Therefore, a female screw hole 111 that also serves as a later-described vent hole formed in the support member 58 is covered with the cover member 73 and is normally not exposed to the outside.
[0040]
The rubber member 110 of the anti-bending member 10 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the outer periphery thereof is formed in a tapered conical shape with a thin tip side. The rubber member 110 is in pressure contact with and in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the soft portion 13 of the insertion portion 6.
[0041]
The rear end portion of the rubber member 110 is fitted to the front end portion of the support member 58. Further, a plurality of flanges 109 projecting outward are provided on the outer periphery of the front end portion of the support member 58 to which the rear end side portion of the rubber member 110 is fitted, and the rubber member 110 is supported by the flange 109 by the flange 109. 58 is difficult to peel off. Further, on the inner side of the rubber member 110, a portion surrounded by the rubber member 110, the soft portion 13, the rear end cap 41, and the support member 58 on the rear end side with respect to the portion pressed against the outer periphery of the soft portion 13 An internal space 114 is formed.
[0042]
As shown in FIG. 2, a cylindrical contact member 57 is disposed on the outer periphery near the front end of the cylindrical tube 43, and the contact member 57 is interposed between the support member 58 and the cam cylinder 51. It is sandwiched and assembled. The contact member 57 is made of a resin having good slipperiness, such as polyacetal.
[0043]
A cylindrical regulating member 74 is provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical tube 43 so as to be positioned on the rear end side of the cam cylinder 51. An O-ring 76 is press-fitted and attached to a groove 75 formed between the steps formed on the outer periphery of the rear end of the regulating member 74 and the inner periphery of the front end of the gripping cylinder 61. The water tightness between the regulating member 74 and the gripping part cylinder 61 is ensured by the O-ring 76.
[0044]
A groove 77 is also formed around the outer periphery of the intermediate portion of the regulating member 74, and an O-ring 78 is closely attached to the groove 77. The O-ring 78 is in pressure contact with the inner peripheral surface of the hardness adjusting knob 34 fitted on the outer periphery of the restricting member 74, ensuring water-tightness at this portion and rotating the hardness adjusting knob 34. A certain amount of frictional force is applied to the adjustment knob 34.
[0045]
The outer peripheral surface of the front end of the gripping cylinder 61 of the operation unit 7 is closely fitted in a slidable manner on the inner peripheral surface 64 formed by cutting out the rear end portion of the hardness adjusting knob 34. Further, the front end of the gripping portion cylinder 61 is close to a state in which it substantially abuts against the rear end of the regulating member 74.
[0046]
The hardness adjustment knob 34 is fitted between the cover member 73 and the gripping portion cylinder 61 on the outer periphery of the cam cylinder 51 or the regulating member 74 and is attached in a state where movement in the front-rear direction is regulated. ing. Further, the hardness adjusting knob 34 is rotatably arranged around the cylindrical tube 43 via the cam cylinder 51.
[0047]
Thus, the hardness adjustment knob 34 can be rotated around its axis, but the restricting member 74 is fixed to the cylindrical tube 43 with screws 79 so as not to rotate.
Further, an O-ring 62 is disposed between the inner peripheral surface of the front end portion of the hardness adjustment knob 34 and the outer peripheral surface of the support member 58 facing the inside thereof, ensuring water-tightness at that portion, and the hardness adjustment knob 34. Since the O-ring 62 is in pressure contact with the inner peripheral surface, when the hardness adjustment knob 34 is rotated, a certain degree of frictional force is applied to the hardness adjustment knob 34.
[0048]
The cylindrical tube 43 is connected at its rear end to a frame (not shown) to which the bending operation mechanism and the like of the operation unit 7 are attached by a screw (not shown). The cylindrical tube 43 is attached so as not to rotate even if the hardness adjustment knob 34 side is rotated.
[0049]
As shown in FIG. 2, a flange portion 101 protruding inward is integrally provided on the inner peripheral surface of the tip of the cylindrical tube 43. A flange portion 102 that projects outward is integrally provided on the outer periphery of the rear end of the rear end base 41. The end wall surfaces of the flange portion 101 and the flange portion 102 are in contact with each other from the axial direction. Further, on the outer peripheral surface of the rear end base 41, a male screw 103 is formed on the outer peripheral surface located slightly on the front end side with respect to the flange portion 102, and a female screw is cut on the inner peripheral surface of the male screw 103. A nut 44, which is a ring-shaped member, is screwed together, the nut 44 is abutted against the flange portion 101, and the flange portion 101 is fastened and fixed between the flange portion 102 of the rear end cap 41.
[0050]
That is, the rear end cap 41 is fixedly attached to the cylindrical tube 43 without looseness by sandwiching the flange portion 101 between the flange portion 102 and the nut 44 from both sides in the axial direction.
[0051]
On the outer peripheral surface of the rear end base 41, a groove 80 is formed in the outer peripheral surface portion located on the tip side of the male screw 103, and an O-ring 104 is provided in the groove 80. The O-ring 104 is in pressure contact with the inner peripheral surface of the support member 58 and maintains water tightness at this portion.
[0052]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, a groove 105 is formed on the outer surface of the rear end base 41 located on the front end side of the position where the O-ring 104 is provided. A plurality of female screw holes 111 are formed in the support member 58 so as to face the groove 105 and are arranged radially. A screw 106 is screwed into the female screw hole 111 of the support member 58, and a tip portion of the screw 106 is fitted in the groove 105. That is, the support member 58 is assembled to the rear end cap 41 by the screw 106. An engagement portion that restricts movement in the longitudinal direction with respect to the rear end portion of the flexible portion 13 by engagement of the groove 105 and the screw 106 and hardly restricts movement in the rotation direction is configured. Yes.
[0053]
The outer peripheral region of the support member 58 where the female screw hole 111 is exposed is covered with the cover member 73 described above.
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a circumferential groove 105 facing the female screw hole 111 and an internal space 114 formed inside the rubber member 110 of the folding member 10 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rear end cap 41. A plurality of grooves 113 that communicate with each other are provided.
[0054]
As described above, the support member 58 is assembled to the rear end cap 41 by tightening the screw 106 in the groove 105 of the rear end cap 41. Thus, only the engaging means by the groove 105 and the screw 106 is used as the center. The movement in the axial direction can be restricted, but the rotation around the central axis cannot be sufficiently restricted. Therefore, the following engagement means is provided. That is, as shown in FIG. 5 in which the rear end side portion of the support member 58 is viewed from the side surface, the rear end side end portion of the support member 58 is provided with a notch portion 107 opened at the rear end, and the cylindrical tube 43 A pin 108 is attached to the outer peripheral surface portion of this, and the pin 108 is fitted into the notch portion 107 so as to be engaged therewith. Thereby, the movement part of the rotation direction of the bending prevention member 10 with respect to the operation part 7 is controlled, and the engaging part which does not control the movement to a longitudinal direction is comprised.
[0055]
As described above, in this embodiment, when connecting the cylindrical tube 43 and the bend preventing member 10, the movement in the rotational direction is restricted by the locking means by the pin 108, and the movement restriction in the central axis direction is by the screw 106. This is done by stopping means.
[0056]
The present invention is not limited to this embodiment. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, instead of the connecting means using the screw 106 and the pin 108, a circular hole 161 is provided on the support member 58. The pin 162 may be fitted and the pin 162 may be screwed and fixed to the cylindrical tube 43 so that the movement in both the rotation direction and the central axis direction can be restricted simultaneously by one fixing means.
[0057]
Various built-in objects are arranged in the insertion portion 6 of the endoscope 2 as shown in FIG. That is, four bending wires 27 arranged at positions corresponding to the top, bottom, left and right, two signal cables 21 arranged near the center, two light guides 14 arranged near the upper center, and a lower side Built-in treatment instrument channel 33 disposed on the left side, coil 36 and wire 35 disposed on the left side, air supply tube 69 for supplying air disposed adjacent thereto, water supply tube 70 for supplying water, etc. Has been. Also, various built-in objects are arranged in the operation unit 7 as shown in FIG.
[0058]
(Assembly method)
Next, a method for assembling the endoscope of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 11, the insertion unit 123 is assembled. That is, the rear end cap 41 is assembled integrally with the rear end of the soft portion 13, the O-ring 104 is assembled with the outer periphery of the soft portion 13, the hardness changing wire 35, the hardness changing coil 36, the coil stopper 40, and the wire stopper. 45 is assembled.
Various types of built-in objects are arranged inside the insertion unit 123, and they extend from the rear end of the insertion unit 123, but they are not shown for the sake of simplicity.
[0059]
Next, the moving ring 47 is arranged at the position shown in FIG. The moving ring 47 is a C-shaped cylindrical member, and is arranged at the position shown in FIG. 11 so as to guide a built-in object (not shown) from the notch 125 to the inside. That is, the moving ring 47 is fitted into the built-in object extending from the rear end of the insertion unit 123 from the side surface.
[0060]
Next, the pulling member 46 having an inverted U-shape and having a flange 126 that is in contact with the inner surface of the moving ring 47 on both sides of the bottom surface, and the hardness changing wire 35 is inserted into the inverted U-shaped groove 127. As shown in FIG. 12B, the screw 124 is fixed to the inner surface of the moving ring 47 by screws 124.
[0061]
Next, as shown in FIG. 13, the cylindrical tube 43 is moved from the distal end of the insertion portion 6 toward the rear end direction of the flexible portion 13 while the flexible portion 13 is inserted therein until the flange portion 101 abuts against the flange portion 102. .
[0062]
Further, as shown in FIG. 14, the nut 44 is moved from the distal end of the insertion portion 6 toward the rear end of the soft portion 13 while the soft portion 13 is inserted through the nut 44, and is screwed into the male screw 103. At this time, the nut 44 is screwed relatively loosely.
[0063]
Next, as shown in FIG. 15, the cylindrical tube 43 is screwed and fixed to the support member 128 that is fixed to the operation portion 7 and extends from the tip portion thereof.
[0064]
Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 16, the nut 44 is firmly tightened while matching the vertical and horizontal directions of the flexible portion 13 with the vertical and horizontal directions of the operation portion.
[0065]
Next, as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the exterior member 129 of the operation unit 7 is moved toward the rear end of the soft part 13 while the soft part 13 is inserted from the distal end of the insertion part 6 into the inside. The exterior member 129 of the operation unit 7 is fixed at a fixed position by assembling the treatment instrument insertion port 32.
[0066]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the regulating member 74 assembled with the groove 77 and the O-ring 76 is inserted through the flexible portion 13 from the tip to the inside, and the exterior of the operation portion is directed toward the rear end of the flexible portion 13. The member 129 moves until it hits the inner end surface on the front end side.
Thereafter, the regulating member 74 is fixed to the cylindrical tube 43 with screws.
[0067]
Next, as shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the cam cylinder 51 is moved in the rear end direction of the soft portion 13 until it hits the regulating member 74 while the soft portion 13 is inserted from the distal end of the insertion portion 6 into the inside. . In this state, the pin 54 is engaged with the moving ring 47 through the cam groove 52 b and the long hole 53. Similarly, the moving ring 47 is engaged with the pin 54 through the cam groove 52 a and the long hole 53.
[0068]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, the contact member 57 is moved from the distal end of the insertion portion 6 to the inside of the flexible portion 13 until it abuts against the cam cylinder 51 in the rear end direction of the flexible portion 13. . Thereafter, the pin 108 is engaged with the cylindrical tube 43.
[0069]
Next, as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, the hardness adjustment knob 34 is moved from the distal end of the insertion portion 6 to the inside while the flexible portion 13 is inserted into the rear end direction of the flexible portion 13 until it hits the key 71. . Then, the anti-bending member 10 to which the O-ring 62 is attached is moved from the distal end of the insertion portion 6 to the inside while the soft portion 13 is inserted therethrough in the rear end direction of the soft portion 13 until it hits the contact member 57. At this time, as shown in FIG. 5, the pin 108 is fitted into the notch 107.
[0070]
Next, as shown in FIG. 22, the folding preventing member 10 is screwed to the circumferential groove 105 through the female screw hole 111.
Thereafter, the cover member 73 is moved toward the rear end of the soft portion 13 while the soft portion 13 is inserted from the distal end of the insertion portion 6 into the inside.
[0071]
As shown in FIG. 23, the cover member 73 covers the support member 58 while being elastically deformed. At this time, the protrusion on the rear end side of the cover member 73 comes into contact with the inner periphery of the front end of the hardness adjustment knob 34.
[0072]
(Actions and effects when repairing)
When carrying out repair work, it is necessary to first shift the anti-bending member 10 from the attachment position to the tip side. The procedure is shown below. First, the rubber cover member 73 is displaced so as to spread outward and is shifted to the tip side to expose the head of the screw 106. Then, the screw 106 is removed. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 8, the tip nozzle of the air gun 112 is inserted into the opening of the female screw hole 111 exposed to the outside, and air is injected. Then, the air injected through the female screw hole 111 flows in the order of the female screw hole 111 as the ventilation hole → the groove 105 → the groove 113 → the internal space 114.
[0073]
Since the rear end side of the anti-bending member 10 is partitioned by the O-ring 104, when air is continuously injected, the internal pressure of the internal space 114 increases, whereby the rubber member 110 in pressure contact with the soft portion 13 is formed. It turns up in the outer diameter direction, and air leaks out from there.
[0074]
With the rubber member 110 turned up, as shown in FIG. 9, a pipe material (cylindrical tube) 115 having an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the flexible portion 13 and a sufficiently thin wall thickness is formed from the distal end side of the flexible portion 13. It is inserted and inserted between the rubber member 110 and the soft part 13. Then, when the entire bend preventing member 10 is shifted to the front end side, the pin 108 is removed from the notch 107, so that the bend preventing member 10 can rotate around the central axis.
[0075]
By injecting air in this way, the operation of inserting the pipe material 115 between the rubber member 110 and the flexible portion 13 of the anti-folding member 10 can be performed smoothly. There is no damage. After the pipe member 115 is inserted, the frictional force between the rubber member 110 and the soft portion 13 of the anti-bending member 10 can be greatly reduced, so that it is very easy to remove the anti-bending member 10. Therefore, workability at the time of repair is dramatically improved.
[0076]
Further, the air applied to the internal space 114 pressurizes the internal space 114 without leaking from other parts, so that a sufficient gap can be generated in the pressure contact portion between the soft portion 13 and the rubber member 110. Is possible. Further, since the female screw hole 111 and the screw 106 are usually covered with a rubber cover member 73, dirt does not accumulate and the cleaning and disinfection are excellent.
[0077]
(Operation and effects in use)
In the endoscope 2, when the hardness adjustment knob 34 is rotated, the cam cylinder 51 also rotates, so that the pin 54 moves in the cam grooves 52a and 52b, and the traction member 46 moves rearward. When the pulling member 46 moves a little in this way, it hits the wire stopper 45, and the pulling member 46 further moves backward, pulling the wire 35, applying a compressive force to the coil 36, and hardening the coil 36. . Thereby, the soft part 13 can be hardened.
[0078]
On the other hand, when the hardness adjustment operation is to be performed, it is conceivable that the hardness adjustment knob 34 is mistaken for the gripping member 10 to be operated. However, when the folding member 10 is twisted by mistake, its rotation is rotated. The operating force is applied to the support member 58, and all the rotational force is transmitted to the cylindrical tube 43 by the pin 108, so that the rotational force is not transmitted to the connection portion. Since the nut 44 that fastens the connecting portion between the flexible portion 13 of the insertion portion 6 and the operation portion 7 is not loosened, the connection between the insertion portion 6 and the operation portion 7 is not disconnected.
[0079]
The support member 58 is also fixed to the rear end cap 41 with screws (screws) 106. However, since the screws 106 are only stopped against the groove 105 over the entire circumference, the force in the central axis direction cannot be received. Even if possible, it does not receive the rotational force around the central axis. For this reason, the rotational force is not transmitted to the rear end cap 41 via the screw 106, and the rotational force around the central axis applied to the anti-bending member 10 is transmitted only to the cylindrical tube 43. Therefore, a strong shearing force is not generated at the contact portion between the bend preventing member 10 and the soft portion 13, and the outer surface of the soft portion 13 and the tip end portion of the bend preventing member 10 are not damaged.
[0080]
The same applies to the case of the configuration shown in FIG. 6. When the anti-bending member 10 is twisted, the rotational force around the central axis applied to the anti-bending member 10 is transmitted only to the cylindrical tube 43. Further, the structure shown in FIG. 6 has the advantage that it is easy to assemble since it is not necessary to provide a plurality of pins for fixing the anti-bending member 10 as shown in FIG. In addition, there is an effect of reducing the cost at the time of assembly.
[0081]
As shown in FIG. 2, in the connection structure of the flexible portion 13 and the operation portion 7, since the vertical alignment of the flexible portion 13 and the operation portion 7 can be performed only by loosening the nut 44, The alignment work is easy, and this method is a great merit when used in many types of endoscopes.
[0082]
(Operation / effect of gripping operation of hardness adjustment knob)
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 10A, the rear end side of the outer periphery is formed thicker than the front end side, so that the hardness adjustment knob 34 is easy to grip. In addition, since the portion where the outer diameter is increased is located on the rear end side of the hardness adjusting knob 34 and is separated from the folding member 10, it is less likely that the folding member 10 is erroneously gripped.
[0083]
In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 10B, 10C, 10E, and 10F, the hardness adjustment knob 34 is provided with irregularities on its outer periphery. There is a clear difference in the tactile sensation when the stop member 10 is gripped. Therefore, erroneous operation can be avoided.
[0084]
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 (G), the hardness adjustment knob 34 is gripped as shown in FIG. 10 (H). At this time, the little finger hits the side wall surface of the protruding portion of the flange 122 of the hardness adjustment knob 34. Therefore, there is a clear difference from the tactile sensation when the folding member 10 is gripped, and an erroneous operation can be avoided. In addition, the protruding portion of the ridge 122 provides a finger contact function for preventing slipping. Furthermore, since the hand holding the hardness adjustment knob 34 is easily slid downward due to the weight of the arm, it is necessary to always hold the grip with a certain gripping force, which has led to inspection fatigue. As shown in FIG. 10 (H), the protrusion supports the hand as shown in FIG. 10 (H), so that even if it is lightly grasped, the hand does not slide downward, leading to a reduction in inspection fatigue. .
[0085]
In the structure of FIG. 10D, there is an effect that the position of the hardness adjustment knob 34 can be confirmed with a tactile sensation by the position of the protrusion or groove without confirming with eyes.
[0086]
In the structure as shown in FIG. 6, it is necessary to shift the position of the pin 152 to the tip side from the hardness adjustment knob 34 in the assembly, and therefore the length of the cylindrical tube 43 is extended to the tip side accordingly. There is a need. As a result, there is a problem that the cylindrical tube 43 becomes longer in the axial direction, leading to an increase in the size of the operation unit 7.
However, in the case of the configuration shown in FIG. 2, the pin 108 can be embedded under the hardness adjustment knob 34, so that it is not necessary to lengthen the cylindrical tube 43 so much, which leads to downsizing of the operation unit 7.
[0089]
<Appendix>
[Additional Item 1] a flexible part;
An anti-bending member that covers an outer periphery in the vicinity of the rear end portion of the soft portion, and that at least part of the inner surface of the front end portion is in close contact with the outer surface of the soft portion is formed of a flexible resin;
An internal space sandwiched between the soft part and the anti-bending member,
At least one vent hole communicating with the internal space;
The endoscope characterized by having.
[0090]
[Additional Item 2] The endoscope according to Additional Item 1, wherein the vent hole is covered with a detachable elastic member.
[0091]
[Additional Item 3] The endoscope according to Additional Item 1, wherein the internal space is hermetically formed in a portion other than the vent hole and the inner surface of the distal end portion.
[0092]
[Additional Item 4] An anti-bending member that is formed of a flexible resin that covers the outer periphery in the vicinity of the rear end portion of the soft portion and at least part of which is in contact with the outer surface of the soft portion;
An operation knob provided in the vicinity of the anti-bending member and performing a rotation operation;
In an endoscope having
An endoscope characterized in that an outer diameter of at least a part of the operation knob is made larger than an outer diameter of another part.
[0093]
[Additional Item 5] The endoscope according to Additional Item 4, wherein the outer diameter of the distal end side of the operation knob is increased.
[Additional Item 6] An endoscope according to Additional Item 4, wherein the outer diameter of the rear end side of the operation knob is increased.
[0094]
[Additional Item 7] An anti-bending member that is formed of a flexible resin that covers the outer periphery in the vicinity of the rear end portion of the soft portion and at least a part of which contacts the outer surface of the soft portion
An operation knob provided in the vicinity of the anti-bending member and performing a rotation operation;
In an endoscope having
An endoscope characterized in that a slip stopper is provided on at least a part of the outer surface of the operation knob.
[0095]
[Additional Item 8] The endoscope according to Additional Item 7, wherein the non-slip is provided on a part of the circumference of the operation knob.
(Effect of Supplementary Item 1) Since the anti-bending member is easy to remove, repair work is easy.
[0096]
(Effects of Supplementary Item 2) In addition to the effects of Supplementary Item 1, the ventilation holes are not contaminated, so that they are excellent in washing and disinfecting.
[0097]
(Effect of Supplementary Item 3) In addition to the effect of Supplementary Item 1, since sufficient pressure can be applied from the vent hole to the internal space, a sufficient gap can be generated between the folding member and the soft part, and the folding can be prevented. The member can be removed more easily.
[0098]
(Effect of Supplementary Item 4) Since the operation knob is easier to grip than the anti-folding member, it is less likely that the anti-folding member is accidentally grasped and rotated, and there is less risk of damage to the soft part or the anti-folding member.
[0099]
(Effect of Supplementary Item 5) In addition to the effect of Supplementary Item 4, the large-diameter portion of the operation knob supports the hand that holds the operation knob. , Leading to reduced inspection fatigue.
[0100]
(Effect of Supplementary Item 6) In addition to the effect of Supplementary Item 4, since the portion with the large outer diameter of the operation knob is separated from the folding member, the folding member is less likely to be gripped by mistake.
[0101]
(Effect of Supplementary Item 7) In addition to the effect of Supplementary Item 2, the knob is difficult to slide when the operation knob is operated, which leads to improvement in operability.
[0102]
(Effects of Supplementary Item 8) In addition to the effects of Supplementary Item 7, according to the position of the anti-slip, it can be confirmed by tactile sensation to which position the operation knob has been rotated without visually confirming it.
[0103]
[Prior Art and Issues of Additional Items 1-3]
As shown in FIG. 24, in the conventional endoscope, the end portion on the distal end side of the rubber member 153 of the anti-bending member 152 is relatively strongly adhered to the outer surface of the soft portion 145.
For this reason, when the anti-bending member 152 is rotated to remove the anti-bending member 152, the frictional resistance of the contact portion between the rubber member 153 and the soft part 145 of the anti-bending member 152 is large. There is a possibility that 152 etc. will be damaged.
[0104]
Therefore, conventionally, a screwdriver or the like is inserted into the joint portion between the rubber member 153 and the soft portion 145 of the anti-bending member 152 to create a gap, a cylinder is inserted into the gap, and the rubber member 153 is placed on the outer periphery of the cylinder. The folding preventing member 152 is removed so that the folding preventing member 152 rotates smoothly.
[0105]
However, even if a screwdriver or the like is inserted into the joint between the rubber member 153 and the flexible portion 145 of the anti-bending member 152 and a gap is made between them, a gap can be created only in a part in the circumferential direction by a single insertion operation. Therefore, it has been quite difficult to insert a cylinder between the entire circumference of the joint. For this reason, if an unskilled worker performs it, there is a possibility that the folding preventing member may be damaged.
[0106]
In view of the above circumstances, the additional items 1 to 3 have been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an endoscope in which the anti-bending member can be easily removed.
[0107]
[Prior Art of Additional Items 4 to 8 and Problems]
In the unpublished application of Japanese Patent Application No. 10-1747, there is shown a configuration provided with a hardness adjusting means capable of adjusting the hardness of the flexible portion of the endoscope. According to this, the hardness of a soft part can be changed by operating the hardness adjustment knob provided in the operation part.
However, since the hardness adjustment knob is provided in the vicinity of the bend preventing member, the bend preventing member may be grasped by mistake and a rotational force may be applied to the bend preventing member. In the case where the attachment structure of the anti-folding member is as shown in FIG. 24 described above, when a rotational force is applied to the anti-folding member, the anti-folding member rotates around the central axis. There were similar problems as described in the column.
[0108]
This is not limited to endoscopes that change the hardness of the soft part, but is a problem common to endoscopes having an operation knob that rotates around its central axis in the vicinity of the anti-bending member. For example, the same problem occurs when an operation knob for adjusting the optical zoom is provided in the vicinity of the folding member.
[0109]
Additional items 4 to 8 are made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an endoscope that prevents the folding member from being gripped and operated by mistake.
[0110]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, even if the folding member is twisted by mistake, there is no risk of damage to the soft part or the folding member.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an outline of an endoscope apparatus according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the details of the structure of the insertion portion in the endoscope according to the first embodiment that extends from the flexible portion to the operation portion.
3A is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 2, FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 2, and FIG. 3C is taken along line CC in FIG. Sectional view of the part along the line.
4 is a cross-sectional view of a portion along the line DD in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a connection state between a support member of a folding prevention member and a cylindrical tube in the endoscope.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a folding preventing member in the endoscope is screwed directly to a cylindrical tube.
FIG. 7 is a detailed explanatory view of a cam cylinder in the endoscope.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a working method when removing the folding preventing member from the endoscope.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a working method when removing the folding preventing member from the endoscope.
FIGS. 10A to 10H are explanatory views showing other examples of the hardness adjustment knob. FIGS.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of an assembly procedure of the endoscope.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of the procedure for assembling the endoscope.
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of an assembly procedure of the endoscope.
FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of an assembling procedure of the endoscope.
FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of an assembling procedure of the endoscope.
FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of an assembling procedure of the endoscope.
FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of an assembling procedure of the endoscope.
FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of a procedure for assembling the endoscope.
FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of an assembly procedure of the endoscope.
FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram of the procedure for assembling the endoscope.
FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram of the procedure for assembling the endoscope.
FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram of the assembly procedure of the endoscope.
FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram of the procedure for assembling the endoscope.
FIG. 24 is a longitudinal sectional view of a connecting portion between a flexible portion and a manipulation portion of a general endoscope.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Endoscope apparatus, 2 ... Endoscope, 6 ... Insertion part, 7 ... Operation part, 11 ... Tip part,
12 ... curved portion, 13 ... soft portion, 10 ... anti-bending member, 37 ... soft tube
41 ... rear end cap, 43 ... cylindrical tube, 58 ... support member, 109 ... flange,
110: Rubber member.

Claims (2)

挿入部を備えた内視鏡において、
操作者が把持するための操作部と、
後端部分が前記操作部内の枠体に接続される管部材と、
前記挿入部を構成するとともに可撓性を調整可能な構造を有し、前記管部材の先端側に口金を介して接続される軟性部と、
前記軟性部の後端部近傍の外周を覆い、少なくとも一部が前記軟性部の外表面と接触する内面を有する折れ止め部材と、
前記折れ止め部材が前記挿入部の長手軸周りに回転しないように前記管部材に対して前記折れ止め部材を係止する係止部と、
前記挿入部の長手軸周りに回転可能に前記係止部を覆うように前記管部材より外側に位置して設けられた、前記軟性部の可撓性を操作者が調整するための硬度調整ノブと、
を具備したことを特徴とする内視鏡。
In an endoscope with an insertion part,
An operation unit for the operator to hold;
A tube member whose rear end portion is connected to the frame in the operation section;
A flexible part that constitutes the insertion part and has a structure capable of adjusting flexibility, and is connected to the distal end side of the pipe member via a base ,
A bend-preventing member that covers the outer periphery in the vicinity of the rear end portion of the soft portion and has an inner surface at least part of which is in contact with the outer surface of the soft portion;
A locking portion that locks the folding preventing member with respect to the tube member so that the folding preventing member does not rotate around the longitudinal axis of the insertion portion;
A hardness adjustment knob for adjusting the flexibility of the soft portion provided outside the tube member so as to cover the locking portion so as to be rotatable around the longitudinal axis of the insertion portion. When,
An endoscope characterized by comprising:
さらに、前記口金の外周にその口金の円周方向に沿って形成された円周溝と、
前記折れ止め部材に設けられ、前記円周溝部と係合する係合部と、
を具備したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の内視鏡。
Furthermore, a circumferential groove formed on the outer periphery of the base along the circumferential direction of the base ;
An engagement portion provided on the anti-breaking member and engaged with the circumferential groove portion;
The endoscope according to claim 1, further comprising:
JP33147598A 1998-11-20 1998-11-20 Endoscope Expired - Lifetime JP3745139B2 (en)

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JP2002345742A (en) * 2001-05-30 2002-12-03 Asahi Optical Co Ltd Flexible endoscope
JP4490697B2 (en) * 2004-01-30 2010-06-30 富士フイルム株式会社 Endoscope
JP4832776B2 (en) * 2005-03-15 2011-12-07 オリンパスメディカルシステムズ株式会社 Endoscope
JP2008035884A (en) * 2006-08-01 2008-02-21 Olympus Corp Optical adapter and endoscope apparatus
EP4266967A4 (en) * 2021-03-05 2024-11-27 Endovista, Inc. CONTROL DEVICE AND ROTARY KNOB ASSEMBLY FOR A STEERING MEDICAL DEVICE

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