JP3750213B2 - Laminated film and glass scattering prevention film - Google Patents
Laminated film and glass scattering prevention film Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3750213B2 JP3750213B2 JP23408896A JP23408896A JP3750213B2 JP 3750213 B2 JP3750213 B2 JP 3750213B2 JP 23408896 A JP23408896 A JP 23408896A JP 23408896 A JP23408896 A JP 23408896A JP 3750213 B2 JP3750213 B2 JP 3750213B2
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- film
- layer
- laminated
- laminated film
- polyester
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical group C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- WPSWDCBWMRJJED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol;oxirane Chemical compound C1CO1.C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 WPSWDCBWMRJJED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ORLQHILJRHBSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1(CO)CCCCC1 ORLQHILJRHBSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012643 polycondensation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000874 polytetramethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は積層フィルム、詳しくは引裂に強い延伸積層フィルムに関するものであり、主にガラスに貼りつけてガラスが割れた際のガラス飛散を防止する、ガラス飛散防止フィルムに用いられるものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
さまざまな熱可塑性樹脂のフィルムが工業的に生産され、各々の特性にあった分野で用いられている。とりわけ、ポリエチレンテレフタレートに代表される二軸延伸ポリエステルフィルムは、その優れた機械的特性、熱的特性、電気的特性、耐薬品性のためにさまざまな分野で利用されている。一般に、これらのフィルムは高弾性率・耐クリープ性であるために耐引裂性が低い。しかしながら、一見矛盾するかのように思われるこれらの特性を合せ持つことが飛散防止フィルムの用途では要求される。
【0003】
飛散防止フィルムは透明なポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムに粘着剤を塗布し、オーバーコートフィルムを剥がし、窓ガラスの内面の全面に貼り付け、災害時等でガラスが破壊してもその破片の飛散を少しでも減少させることを目的としている。また、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムにアルミを薄蒸着し、表面に保護層、裏面には感圧型粘着剤を組み合わせ、あるいはこの粘着剤の中にもう一層保護層を設けて、紫外線吸収剤や着色剤(スモーク、ブロンズ、ブラウン)を混入させ断熱効果を付与する場合もある。
【0004】
飛散防止フィルムはガラスが破壊してもその破片の飛散を少しでも減少させることを目的としているため、高強度でかつフィルムの破れが伝播しないような耐引裂性に優れたフィルムでなければならない。
【0005】
このようなフィルムとして特開平6−190995号公報、特開平6−190997号公報では剛性なポリエステルと延性なポリマー材料を厚み方向に多層に積層したフィルムを提案している。このような積層フィルムを用いたガラス飛散防止フィルムは従来のものに比べ耐引裂性が向上しているが、より一層の向上が期待されている。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記課題を解決し、従来の耐引裂性フィルムに比べ大幅に耐引裂性が向上している積層フィルムを提供することを目的としている。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、厚み方向に少なくとも2層に積層されており、縦方向及び横方向の引裂伝播抵抗が2000g/mm以上であり、各層を構成する各々のポリエステルは1400MPa以上のヤング率を有し、少なくとも1方向に延伸されていることを特徴とする積層フィルムに関するものである。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。本発明の積層フィルムでは厚み方向にすくなくとも2層積層されており、より好ましくは3層から50層積層されている。そして、さらに好ましくは7層から25層積層されている。
【0009】
積層フィルムを得る方法としては、十分乾燥した各層を構成するポリエステルをそれぞれの押出機に供給し、必要に応じて選ばれたフィルターを通過後、公知の技術であるマルチマニホールドダイ法、フィードブロック法やスタティックミキサー法といった共押出法を用いて各層を積層しダイより溶融同時押出することが好ましい。マルチマニホールド法は、複数のマニホールドを有するダイを用いる。この形式のものは、樹脂が流入口から各層に該当するマニホールドに流入し、マニホールド内でダイ幅全体にわたって流れが拡幅された後、合流しスリットを経て吐出されるものである。フィードブロック法とは、複数の樹脂をダイに送り込む前に、フィードブロックで併合流を形成させ、次いで通常のシングルマニホールドダイに送り込んで流れを拡幅して押出すものである。また、スタティックミキサー法とは、ある配列で併合した数種の樹脂をミキサーにより分割多層化する手法で、積層の配列が単純な配列の繰り返しである場合に適している。これらいづれかの方法を用いて得られたフィルム状の積層体を、20〜60℃の温度に制御したキャスティングドラム上で急冷固化し非晶状態とする。このとき公知の静電印加装置を用いてドラムとフィルムの密着性を向上させるとより好ましい。積層フィルムは少なくとも1方向に延伸されていることが好ましく、より好ましくは2方向に延伸されている。二軸延伸の方法としては、キャストフィルムをまず周速差のあるロール間で縦方向に延伸し、続いてフィルムの両端部をクリップで把持するテンターにて横延伸、熱処理するいわゆる逐次二軸延伸法が最も好ましく用いられる。
【0010】
本発明における積層フィルムにおいては、各層を構成する各々のポリエステルは、ヤング率が1400MPa以上必要であり、1400MPa以上6000MPa以下のヤング率を有していることが好ましい。なぜなら、このようなポリエステルは外力に対し変形しにくいためである。
【0011】
また、各層を構成する各々のポリエステルの引張破断伸度が50%以下であることが必要で、0.1%以上50%以下であると、破断強度が十分に高いためより好ましい。
【0012】
さらに、各層を構成する各々のポリエステルが1400MPa以上のヤング率を有し且つ、50%以下の引張破断伸度を満たす場合、引裂の伝わり方が各層により異なり耐引裂性が大きく向上するため好ましい。
【0013】
本発明の積層フィルムでは、積層フィルムの縦方向及び横方向の引裂伝播抵抗が2000g/mm以上であることが必要で、2000g/mm以上50000g/mm以下であることが好ましい。より好ましくは、フィルムの縦方向及び横方向の引裂伝播抵抗が4000g/mm以上であり、さらに好ましくは7000g/mm以上である。フィルムの縦方向及び横方向の引裂伝播抵抗が2000g/mm未満のフィルムでは、通常のポリエステルフィルムに比べ有意義な差はなく、十分に耐引裂性が向上したフィルムとはならないので好ましくない。
【0014】
また、積層フィルムの縦方向及び横方向のF−5値は好ましくは100MPa以上、さらに好ましくは100MPa以上500MPa以下である。より好ましくは、縦方向もしくは横方向のF−5値が150MPa以上であると良い。フィルムの縦方向及び横方向のF−5値が100MPa以下である場合、フィルムに加えられた力に対し塑性変形しやすく、衝撃に対し変形しやすいフィルムと言えるので好ましくない。好ましくは縦方向及び横方向の引裂伝播抵抗が2000g/mm以上且つ縦方向及び横方向のF−5値が100MPa以上である積層フィルムは、十分に高強度化され且つ耐引裂性に優れたポリエステルフィルムと言える。
【0015】
本発明の積層フィルムは、主体となる層を構成するポリエステルの縦方向と横方向の引裂伝播抵抗の平均値が2000g/mm以下であることが好ましい。主体となる層とは、積層フィルムを構成する層のうち、積層比がもっとも大きい層のことをいう。また、主体となる層を構成するポリエステルの縦方向と横方向の引裂伝播抵抗の平均値は、延伸されたフィルムについてのものであることが好ましい。延伸方法としては、主体となる層を構成するポリエステルのガラス転移温度Tg+5℃からTg+15℃の温度で縦方向と横方向に3倍から3.5倍延伸し、140℃から240℃の間の温度で熱処理する逐次二軸延伸で行う。驚くべきことに、このように単膜においては引裂伝播抵抗が2000g/mm以下であるポリエステルが、多層に積層されることにより引裂伝播抵抗が大幅に向上し従来にない耐引裂性のフィルムを得ることができる。
【0016】
本発明で言うポリエステルとは、ジカルボン酸とジオールとから縮重合により得られるポリマーであり、ジカルボン酸としては、テレフタル酸、イソフタル酸、フタル酸、ナフタレンジカルボン酸、アジピン酸、セバシン酸、などで代表されるものであり、また、ジオールとは、エチレングリコール、トリメチレングリコール、テトラメチレングリコール、シクロヘキサンジメタノール、ポリアルキレングリコール、ビスフェノールAエチレンオキサイド付加物などで代表されるものである。具体的には例えば、ポリメチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリテトラメチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレン−p−オキシベンゾエート、ポリ−1,4−シクロヘキシレンジメチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレン−2,6−ナフタレートなどが用いられる。もちろん、これらのポリエステルとしては、ホモポリマーであってもコポリマーであっても良く、共重合成分としては、例えば、ジエチレングリコール、ネオペンチルグリコール、ポリアルキレングリコール、ビスフェノールAエチレンオキサイド付加物などのジオール成分、ダイマー酸、アジピン酸、セバシン酸、フタル酸、イソフタル酸、2、6−ナフタレンジカルボン酸などのジカルボン酸成分が用いられる。また、本発明の効果を阻害しない範囲であれば難燃材、熱安定剤、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、帯電防止剤、可塑剤等がブレンドされていてもかまわない。
【0017】
本発明における積層フィルムでは、ビスフェノールA基を共重合しているポリエステルが含まれていると好ましい。より好ましくは、ビスフェノールAのエチレンオキサイド付加物が共重合されたポリエステルからなる層を1層以上含んでいる。さらに好ましくはポリエチレンテレフタレートを主とするポリエステルからなる層(a層)とビスフェノールAのエチレンオキサイド付加物が共重合されたポリエステルからなる層(b層)を少なくとも1層ずつ含んでいる。ビスフェノールAのエチレンオキサイド付加物の共重合割合は全ジオール成分に対して5mol%以上であることが好ましい。より好ましくは20mol%以上であり、50mol%以上であるとさらに好ましい。積層されるポリエステルの順序については、特に限定するものではないがa層とb層が交互に積層されているのが好ましい。a層とb層以外の層が間に積層されていても構わない。また、a層の厚みは1〜50μmであることが好ましく、5〜25μmであるとより好ましい。b層の厚みは10μm以下であることが好ましく、3μm以下であることがより好ましい。このような積層フィルムは高強度でかつ耐引裂性に優れたフィルムとなる。
【0018】
本発明の目的を阻害しない範囲内で、このフィルムの表面の片面または両面にハードコート層、粘着層、金属蒸着層、着色層や紫外線吸収層などを任意の組み合わせで設けても構わない。粘着剤は、ガラス飛散防止フィルムをガラス面に固定する際必要となり、熱、溶剤、圧力またはそれらの組み合わせで活性化されるもので良く、例えばアクリレート等がある。また、ハードコート層はガラス飛散防止フィルムの取り付け時や洗浄時の機械的な磨耗からフィルムを保護するのに好適である。
【0019】
【物性値の評価法】
(1)引裂伝播抵抗
東洋精機製作所(株)製の軽荷重エレメンドルフ引き裂き試験機を用いる。サンプルフィルムを縦63.5mm、横50.8mmの長方形にサンプリングし、横方向に沿う両つかみの中央で直角に縦に12.7mmの切れ目を作り、残りの50.8mmに対する引き裂きの力(g)を求める。この力をフィルムの厚みで除して引裂伝播抵抗(g/mm)とした。
【0020】
(2)ヤング率、引張破断伸度
各層を構成するポリエステルのヤング率及び引張破断伸度は、ASTM試験方法D882−88に従った。サンプルフィルムは25℃の温度に制御したキャスティングドラム上で急冷固化し、公知の静電印加装置を用いてドラムとフィルムの密着性を向上させることにより得られた未延伸フィルムを用いた。オリエンテック(株)製引張試験機RTA−100型に幅10mmのサンプルフィルムをチャック間長さ100mmとなるようにセットし、23℃、65%RHの条件下で引張速度100mm/分で引張試験を行い、ヤング率(MPa)と引張破断伸度(%)を測定した。
【0021】
(3)F−5値
オリエンテック(株)製引張試験機RTA−100型に幅10mmのサンプルフィルムをチャック間長さ50mmとなるようにセットし、23℃,65%RHの条件下で引張速度200mm/分で引張試験を行い、フィルムの5%伸長時の強度を測定しこれをF−5値(MPa)とした。
【0022】
【実施例】
本発明を実施例に基づいて説明する。
【0023】
実施例1〜6
ポリエチレンテレフタレート(A)(極限粘度0.65、ガラス転移温度79℃、ヤング率1990MPa、引張破断伸度4.2%)のペレットを180℃で3時間真空乾燥した後、280℃に加熱された押出機1に供給した。また、ジカルボン酸成分がイソフタル酸49mol%、テレフタル酸51mol%、ジオール成分がエチレングリコール35mol%、ビスフェノールAのエチレンオキサイド付加物65mol%からなるポリエステル(B)(極限粘度0.65、ガラス転移温度75℃、ヤング率2300MPa、引張破断伸度3.8%)のペレットを55℃で24時間真空乾燥した後、280℃に加熱された押出機2に供給した。押出機から押出された各々のポリエステルは、ミキサー部にて厚み方向に交互に積層され、Tダイよりシート状に成形した。さらにこのフィルムを表面温度25℃の冷却ドラム上に静電気力で密着固化し、未延伸キャストフィルムを得た。
【0024】
この未延伸フィルムを、90℃に加熱した複数のロール群に導き予熱した後、延伸倍率3.3倍で縦延伸を行い、両端部をクリップで把持するテンターに導き90℃にて3.3倍横延伸した後、140℃で熱処理を施した。得られたフィルムのA層とB層の積層厚みの比、積層数、引裂伝播抵抗、F5値を表1に示した。また、実施例1〜6の積層フィルムの厚みは約25μmに統一した。
【0025】
比較例1
実施例1〜6のポリエチレンテレフタレートを単層で実施例1〜6と同じ条件で乾燥し押出した後、縦方向に延伸し、引き続き横方向に延伸し熱処理を施した。得られたフィルムの厚みは25μmで、F5値は縦方向が110MPa、横方向が130MPaであり、引裂伝播抵抗は縦方向が880g/mm、横方向が800g/mmであった。
【0026】
比較例2〜4
実施例1〜6のポリエチレンテレフタレート(A)のペレットを180℃で3時間真空乾燥した後、280℃に加熱された押出機1に供給した。また、ジカルボン酸成分がテレフタル酸60mol%、セバシン酸40mol%、ジオール成分がエチレングリコール100mol%からなるポリエステル(B)(極限粘度1.2、ガラス転移温度2℃、ヤング率85MPa、引張破断伸度330%)を85℃で24時間真空乾燥した後、280℃に加熱された押出機2に供給した。各々の押出機から押出されたポリエステルは、ミキサー部にて厚み方向に交互に積層され、Tダイよりシート状に成形した。さらにこのフィルムを表面温度25℃の冷却ドラム上に静電気力で密着固化し、未延伸キャストフィルムを得た。
【0027】
この未延伸フィルムを、90℃に加熱した複数のロール群に導き予熱した後、延伸倍率3.3倍で縦延伸を行った。該フィルムを両端部をクリップで把持するテンターに導き90℃にて3.3倍横延伸した後、140℃で熱処理を施した。得られたフィルムのA層とB層の積層厚みの比、積層数、引裂伝播抵抗、F5値を表2に示した。また、比較例2〜4の積層フィルムの厚みは約25μmに統一した。
【0028】
【表1】
【表2】
【0029】
【発明の効果】
本発明の積層フィルムは、機械的特性に優れかつ耐引裂性が従来のものに比べ大幅に向上しており、ガラス飛散防止フィルム等の用途に適している。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a laminated film, and more particularly to a stretched laminated film that is resistant to tearing, and is mainly used for a glass scattering prevention film that is attached to glass and prevents glass scattering when the glass is broken.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Various thermoplastic resin films are industrially produced and used in fields that meet their characteristics. In particular, biaxially stretched polyester films represented by polyethylene terephthalate are used in various fields because of their excellent mechanical properties, thermal properties, electrical properties, and chemical resistance. In general, these films have a high elastic modulus and creep resistance and thus have low tear resistance. However, it is required for the application of the anti-scattering film to have these characteristics that seem to contradict each other at first glance.
[0003]
The anti-scattering film is a transparent polyethylene terephthalate film that is coated with adhesive, peeled off the overcoat film, and applied to the entire inner surface of the window glass. The purpose is to let you. In addition, a thin layer of aluminum is vapor-deposited on a polyethylene terephthalate film, a protective layer is combined on the front surface, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive is combined on the back surface, or a further protective layer is provided in the adhesive, and an ultraviolet absorber or a colorant (smoke) , Bronze, brown) may be added to provide a heat insulating effect.
[0004]
Since the purpose of the anti-scattering film is to reduce the scattering of fragments even if the glass breaks, the anti-scattering film must be a film having high strength and excellent tear resistance so that the tearing of the film does not propagate.
[0005]
As such films, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 6-190995 and 6-190997 propose films in which a rigid polyester and a ductile polymer material are laminated in the thickness direction. Although the glass scattering prevention film using such a laminated film has improved tear resistance as compared with the conventional film, further improvement is expected.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a laminated film whose tear resistance is greatly improved as compared with conventional tear resistant films.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is laminated in at least two layers in the thickness direction, the tear propagation resistance in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction is 2000 g / mm or more, each polyester constituting each layer has a Young's modulus of 1400 MPa or more, The present invention relates to a laminated film characterized by being stretched in at least one direction.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. In the laminated film of the present invention, at least two layers are laminated in the thickness direction, more preferably 3 to 50 layers are laminated. More preferably, 7 to 25 layers are laminated.
[0009]
As a method of obtaining a laminated film, the polyester constituting each layer that has been sufficiently dried is supplied to each extruder, and after passing through a filter selected as necessary, a known technique such as a multi-manifold die method or a feed block method. It is preferable to laminate each layer using a coextrusion method such as a static mixer method and melt coextrusion from a die. The multi-manifold method uses a die having a plurality of manifolds. In this type, the resin flows into the manifold corresponding to each layer from the inflow port, the flow is widened over the entire die width in the manifold, and then merged and discharged through the slit. In the feed block method, before a plurality of resins are fed into a die, a combined flow is formed by the feed block, and then the flow is widened and extruded by feeding into a normal single manifold die. The static mixer method is a technique in which several kinds of resins merged in a certain arrangement are divided into multiple layers by a mixer, and is suitable when the arrangement of the layers is a simple arrangement. The film-like laminate obtained by using any of these methods is rapidly cooled and solidified on a casting drum controlled to a temperature of 20 to 60 ° C. to be in an amorphous state. At this time, it is more preferable to improve the adhesion between the drum and the film using a known electrostatic application device. The laminated film is preferably stretched in at least one direction, more preferably stretched in two directions. As the biaxial stretching method, the cast film is first stretched in the machine direction between rolls having a difference in peripheral speed, and then stretched laterally and heat-treated by a tenter that holds both ends of the film with clips, so-called sequential biaxial stretching. The method is most preferably used.
[0010]
In the laminated film of the present invention, each polyester constituting each layer needs to have a Young's modulus of 1400 MPa or more, and preferably has a Young's modulus of 1400 MPa to 6000 MPa. This is because such a polyester is difficult to be deformed by an external force.
[0011]
Further, it is necessary that the tensile breaking elongation of each polyester constituting each layer is 50% or less, and it is more preferably 0.1% or more and 50% or less because the breaking strength is sufficiently high.
[0012]
Furthermore, when each polyester constituting each layer has a Young's modulus of 1400 MPa or more and satisfies a tensile breaking elongation of 50% or less, the manner of transmission of tears varies depending on each layer, which is preferable.
[0013]
In the laminated film of the present invention, the tear propagation resistance in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction of the laminated film needs to be 2000 g / mm or more, and preferably 2000 g / mm or more and 50000 g / mm or less. More preferably, the tear propagation resistance in the machine direction and the transverse direction of the film is 4000 g / mm or more, and more preferably 7000 g / mm or more. A film having a tear propagation resistance of less than 2000 g / mm in the machine direction and the transverse direction of the film is not preferable because there is no significant difference compared to a normal polyester film, and the film does not have a sufficiently improved tear resistance.
[0014]
Moreover, the F-5 value of the vertical direction and horizontal direction of a laminated film becomes like this. Preferably it is 100 Mpa or more, More preferably, it is 100 Mpa or more and 500 Mpa or less. More preferably, the F-5 value in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction is 150 MPa or more. When the F-5 value in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the film is 100 MPa or less, it is not preferable because it can be said to be a plastic film that is easily plastically deformed with respect to the force applied to the film and is easily deformed with respect to an impact. Preferably, a laminated film having a longitudinal and lateral tear propagation resistance of 2000 g / mm or more and a longitudinal and lateral F-5 value of 100 MPa or more is a polyester having sufficiently high strength and excellent tear resistance. A film.
[0015]
In the laminated film of the present invention, the average value of the tear propagation resistance in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction of the polyester constituting the main layer is preferably 2000 g / mm or less. The main layer means a layer having the largest lamination ratio among the layers constituting the laminated film. Moreover, it is preferable that the average value of the tear propagation resistance in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction of the polyester constituting the main layer is that of the stretched film. As the stretching method, the polyester constituting the main layer has a glass transition temperature Tg + 5 ° C. to Tg + 15 ° C., and is stretched 3 to 3.5 times in the machine direction and transverse direction, and a temperature between 140 ° C. and 240 ° C. It is performed by sequential biaxial stretching with heat treatment. Surprisingly, the polyester having a tear propagation resistance of 2000 g / mm or less in a single membrane is laminated in multiple layers, so that the tear propagation resistance is greatly improved and an unprecedented tear resistant film is obtained. be able to.
[0016]
The polyester referred to in the present invention is a polymer obtained by condensation polymerization from a dicarboxylic acid and a diol. Examples of the dicarboxylic acid include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, and sebacic acid. The diol is represented by ethylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, cyclohexanedimethanol, polyalkylene glycol, bisphenol A ethylene oxide adduct, and the like. Specifically, for example, polymethylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, polytetramethylene terephthalate, polyethylene-p-oxybenzoate, poly-1,4-cyclohexylene dimethylene terephthalate, polyethylene-2,6-naphthalate and the like are used. Of course, these polyesters may be homopolymers or copolymers, and examples of the copolymer component include diol components such as diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, polyalkylene glycol, and bisphenol A ethylene oxide adduct, Dicarboxylic acid components such as dimer acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid are used. In addition, a flame retardant, a heat stabilizer, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, an antistatic agent, a plasticizer and the like may be blended as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
[0017]
In the laminated film in the present invention, it is preferable that a polyester copolymerized with a bisphenol A group is contained. More preferably, it contains one or more layers made of polyester copolymerized with an ethylene oxide adduct of bisphenol A. More preferably, it includes at least one layer (a layer) made of polyester mainly composed of polyethylene terephthalate and a layer (b layer) made of polyester in which an ethylene oxide adduct of bisphenol A is copolymerized. The copolymerization ratio of the ethylene oxide adduct of bisphenol A is preferably 5 mol% or more based on the total diol component. More preferably, it is 20 mol% or more, and further preferably 50 mol% or more. The order of the polyesters to be laminated is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the a layers and the b layers are alternately laminated. Layers other than the a layer and the b layer may be laminated. Moreover, it is preferable that the thickness of a layer is 1-50 micrometers, and it is more preferable in it being 5-25 micrometers. The thickness of the b layer is preferably 10 μm or less, and more preferably 3 μm or less. Such a laminated film is a film having high strength and excellent tear resistance.
[0018]
As long as the object of the present invention is not hindered, a hard coat layer, an adhesive layer, a metal vapor deposition layer, a colored layer, an ultraviolet absorption layer and the like may be provided in any combination on one or both sides of the surface of the film. The pressure-sensitive adhesive is necessary when the glass scattering prevention film is fixed to the glass surface, and may be activated by heat, solvent, pressure, or a combination thereof, such as acrylate. Further, the hard coat layer is suitable for protecting the film from mechanical wear during the attachment or cleaning of the glass scattering prevention film.
[0019]
[Method for evaluating physical properties]
(1) Tear propagation resistance A light load Elmendorf tear tester manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd. is used. The sample film was sampled into a rectangle of 63.5 mm in length and 50.8 mm in width, and a 12.7 mm cut was made vertically at the center of both grips along the horizontal direction, and the tearing force against the remaining 50.8 mm (g ) This force was divided by the thickness of the film to obtain tear propagation resistance (g / mm).
[0020]
(2) Young's modulus and tensile breaking elongation The Young's modulus and tensile breaking elongation of the polyester constituting each layer were in accordance with ASTM test method D882-88. As the sample film, an unstretched film obtained by rapidly cooling and solidifying on a casting drum controlled to a temperature of 25 ° C. and improving the adhesion between the drum and the film using a known electrostatic application device was used. A sample film with a width of 10 mm is set in the tensile tester RTA-100 manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd. so that the length between chucks is 100 mm, and the tensile test is performed at 23 ° C. and 65% RH at a tensile rate of 100 mm / min. And Young's modulus (MPa) and tensile elongation at break (%) were measured.
[0021]
(3) F-5 value Set a sample film with a width of 10 mm on a tensile tester RTA-100 manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd. so that the length between chucks is 50 mm, and pull it under the conditions of 23 ° C. and 65% RH. A tensile test was performed at a speed of 200 mm / min, and the strength at 5% elongation of the film was measured to obtain an F-5 value (MPa).
[0022]
【Example】
The present invention will be described based on examples.
[0023]
Examples 1-6
Pellets of polyethylene terephthalate (A) (intrinsic viscosity 0.65, glass transition temperature 79 ° C., Young's modulus 1990 MPa, tensile breaking elongation 4.2%) were vacuum-dried at 180 ° C. for 3 hours and then heated to 280 ° C. It was supplied to the extruder 1. Further, a polyester (B) comprising a dicarboxylic acid component of 49 mol% of isophthalic acid, 51 mol% of terephthalic acid, a diol component of 35 mol% of ethylene glycol, and 65 mol% of an ethylene oxide adduct of bisphenol A (intrinsic viscosity 0.65, glass transition temperature 75 C., a Young's modulus of 2300 MPa, and a tensile elongation at break of 3.8%) were vacuum-dried at 55.degree. C. for 24 hours and then supplied to the extruder 2 heated to 280.degree. Each polyester extruded from the extruder was alternately laminated in the thickness direction at the mixer section, and formed into a sheet form from a T-die. Furthermore, this film was adhered and solidified by electrostatic force on a cooling drum having a surface temperature of 25 ° C. to obtain an unstretched cast film.
[0024]
This unstretched film is guided to a plurality of rolls heated to 90 ° C. and preheated, and then longitudinally stretched at a stretching ratio of 3.3 times, and led to a tenter gripping both ends with clips at 3.3 ° C. at 3.3 ° C. After double-stretching, heat treatment was performed at 140 ° C. Table 1 shows the ratio of the laminated thickness of the A layer and the B layer, the number of laminated layers, the tear propagation resistance, and the F5 value of the obtained film. Moreover, the thickness of the laminated film of Examples 1-6 was unified to about 25 micrometers.
[0025]
Comparative Example 1
The polyethylene terephthalate of Examples 1 to 6 was dried and extruded as a single layer under the same conditions as in Examples 1 to 6, and then stretched in the longitudinal direction and then stretched in the transverse direction and subjected to heat treatment. The thickness of the obtained film was 25 μm, the F5 value was 110 MPa in the longitudinal direction and 130 MPa in the transverse direction, and the tear propagation resistance was 880 g / mm in the longitudinal direction and 800 g / mm in the transverse direction.
[0026]
Comparative Examples 2-4
The polyethylene terephthalate (A) pellets of Examples 1 to 6 were vacuum dried at 180 ° C. for 3 hours, and then supplied to the extruder 1 heated to 280 ° C. Polyester (B) comprising dicarboxylic acid component 60 mol% terephthalic acid, 40 mol% sebacic acid, and diol component 100 mol% ethylene glycol (intrinsic viscosity 1.2, glass transition temperature 2 ° C., Young's modulus 85 MPa, tensile elongation at break 330%) was vacuum-dried at 85 ° C. for 24 hours and then fed to the extruder 2 heated to 280 ° C. The polyester extruded from each extruder was laminated alternately in the thickness direction at the mixer section, and formed into a sheet form from a T-die. Furthermore, this film was adhered and solidified by electrostatic force on a cooling drum having a surface temperature of 25 ° C. to obtain an unstretched cast film.
[0027]
This unstretched film was led to a plurality of roll groups heated to 90 ° C. and preheated, and then longitudinally stretched at a stretch ratio of 3.3 times. The film was guided to a tenter holding both ends with clips and stretched 3.3 times at 90 ° C., and then heat treated at 140 ° C. Table 2 shows the ratio of the laminated thickness of the A layer and B layer of the obtained film, the number of laminated layers, the tear propagation resistance, and the F5 value. Moreover, the thickness of the laminated film of Comparative Examples 2-4 was unified to about 25 micrometers.
[0028]
[Table 1]
[Table 2]
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
The laminated film of the present invention is excellent in mechanical properties and greatly improved in tear resistance compared to conventional ones, and is suitable for applications such as a glass scattering prevention film.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23408896A JP3750213B2 (en) | 1996-09-04 | 1996-09-04 | Laminated film and glass scattering prevention film |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23408896A JP3750213B2 (en) | 1996-09-04 | 1996-09-04 | Laminated film and glass scattering prevention film |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1076620A JPH1076620A (en) | 1998-03-24 |
| JP3750213B2 true JP3750213B2 (en) | 2006-03-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23408896A Expired - Lifetime JP3750213B2 (en) | 1996-09-04 | 1996-09-04 | Laminated film and glass scattering prevention film |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP3750213B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7238401B1 (en) * | 2000-06-09 | 2007-07-03 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Glazing element and laminate for use in the same |
| JP2002341115A (en) * | 2001-05-17 | 2002-11-27 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Protective diffusion film, method of manufacturing the same, surface light source device, and liquid crystal display device |
| JP4182716B2 (en) * | 2002-10-15 | 2008-11-19 | 東レ株式会社 | Glass protective film |
| JP4742566B2 (en) * | 2003-12-05 | 2011-08-10 | 東レ株式会社 | Biaxially stretched laminated film, laminated glass film and laminated glass |
| JP5176319B2 (en) | 2005-08-18 | 2013-04-03 | 東レ株式会社 | Laminated film and molded body |
| KR100921784B1 (en) | 2008-03-07 | 2009-10-15 | 에스케이씨 주식회사 | Multilayer safety film with excellent long-term tear strength |
| EP2826621B1 (en) | 2012-03-16 | 2021-04-21 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Multi-layer laminated film |
| EP3127699B1 (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2021-04-28 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Thermoplastic resin film and laminated glass |
| JP6540211B2 (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2019-07-10 | 東レ株式会社 | Optical polyester film, polarizing plate using the same, transparent conductive film |
| US9776381B2 (en) | 2014-12-18 | 2017-10-03 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Tear resistant multilayer film |
-
1996
- 1996-09-04 JP JP23408896A patent/JP3750213B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JPH1076620A (en) | 1998-03-24 |
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