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JP4076852B2 - Micro waviness reducing agent - Google Patents

Micro waviness reducing agent Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4076852B2
JP4076852B2 JP2002376443A JP2002376443A JP4076852B2 JP 4076852 B2 JP4076852 B2 JP 4076852B2 JP 2002376443 A JP2002376443 A JP 2002376443A JP 2002376443 A JP2002376443 A JP 2002376443A JP 4076852 B2 JP4076852 B2 JP 4076852B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
polishing
acid
substrate
weight
salt
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP2002376443A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2004204117A (en
Inventor
博昭 北山
滋夫 藤井
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Kao Corp
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Kao Corp
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Priority to JP2002376443A priority Critical patent/JP4076852B2/en
Priority to US10/737,841 priority patent/US7553345B2/en
Priority to GB0329441A priority patent/GB2397580B/en
Priority to TW092136280A priority patent/TWI257422B/en
Priority to MYPI20034986A priority patent/MY137247A/en
Priority to CNB2003101247484A priority patent/CN100509927C/en
Publication of JP2004204117A publication Critical patent/JP2004204117A/en
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Publication of JP4076852B2 publication Critical patent/JP4076852B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、精密部品用基板研磨用の微小うねり低減剤に関する。更には、該微小うねり低減剤を用いる研磨液組成物、該研磨液組成物を用いる精密部品用基板の微小うねりを低減する方法、及び基板の製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ハードディスクは、最小記録面積を小さくし高容量化を推進するために、磁気ヘッドの浮上量を小さくすることが求められている。かかるヘッドの浮上量を小さくするためにはハードディスク基板の研磨工程で表面粗さの低減とともに、微小うねり(表面粗さよりも波長の長い表面凹凸であり、ここでは波長が0.5〜5mmのうねりをいう)の低減が強く求められてきている。このような微小うねりを低減した基板を製造するため、研磨材の粒径を小さくしながら段階的に研磨を行う多段研磨の検討や、研磨パッドの硬さを硬くする、研磨荷重、回転数を制御するといった機械的条件が検討されている。しかしながら、砥粒の微粒化では、加工時間を長時間必要としたり、機械的条件では目的とした微小うねりまで低減できないのが現状である。また、水溶性の鉄化合物を含有した研磨液組成物での研磨による微小うねり等が検討されている(例えば、特許文献1を参照)が、この方法でも、微小うねりを充分に低減しえるとは言い切れないのが現状である。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開平10−204416号公報(請求項1)
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、基板の微小うねりを効率よく低減し得る微小うねり低減剤、該微小うねり低減剤を含有する研磨液組成物、該研磨液組成物を用いる精密部品用基板のうねり低減方法及び前記研磨液組成物を用いた基板の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
即ち、本発明の要旨は、OH基又はSH基を有する総炭素数2〜15の多価カルボン酸化合物又はその塩、アルミナを含む研磨材、及び水を含有する研磨液組成物を用いる、精密部品用基板の微小うねりの低減方法に関する。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の微小うねり低減剤は、OH基又はSH基を有する総炭素数2〜15の多価カルボン酸又はその塩である点に特徴があり、かかる特徴を有する微小うねり低減剤を用いて研磨を行うことで、精密部品用基板等の被研磨基板の微小うねり有意に低減することができ、単位面積当たりの記憶容量を増加できる基板を生産できるという顕著な効果が発現される。
【0007】
本発明中の微小うねりとは、うねり波長が0.5 〜5mm の平均うねり(Wa)を指し、そのWaは、非接触式3次元表面構造解析顕微鏡(Canon販売株式会社製、商品名「ZygoNew−View200」)によって測定される。さらに具体的には、対物レンズとしてMichelson2.5倍レンズ、ズーム比0.5として、分解能320×240で測定し、Cylinder近似処理し、0.5〜5mmで「FFT FIXED」としたバンドパスフィルターで処理して求めることができる。
【0008】
本発明の対象である精密部品用基板は、例えば、磁気ディスク、光ディスク、光磁気ディスク等の磁気記録媒体の基板、フォトマスク基板、光学レンズ、光学ミラー、光学プリズム、半導体基板等の研磨に適している。半導体基板としては、シリコンウェハ(ベアウェハ)、埋め込み素子分離膜、層間絶縁膜、埋め込み金属配線、埋め込みキャパシタ等を含む基板を挙げることができる。
【0009】
精密部品用基板の材質は、例えば、シリコン、アルミニウム、ニッケル、タングステン、銅、タンタル、チタン等の金属又は半金属、及びこれらの金属を主成分とした合金、ガラス、ガラス状カーボン、アモルファスカーボン等のガラス状物質、アルミナ、二酸化ケイ素、窒化ケイ素、窒化タンタル、窒化チタン等のセラミック材料、ポリイミド樹脂等の樹脂等が挙げられる。これらの中では、アルミニウム、ニッケル、タングステン、銅等の金属及びこれらの金属を主成分とする合金が被研磨物であるか、又はそれらの金属を含んだ半導体素子等の半導体基板が被研磨物であることが好ましい。更には磁気ディスク基板等の表面が金属である精密部品用基板が好適に用いられ、さらにその表面がNi−P合金層である基板、たとえばNi−Pメッキされたアルミニウム合金やガラス等の基板が好ましく、ハードディスク基板であるものが特に好ましい。特に本発明の微小うねり低減剤は、Ni-Pメッキされた基板の研磨でのアルミナ粒子を用いた研磨において好適に用いられる。
【0010】
これらの被研磨物の形状には特に制限がなく、例えば、ディスク状、プレート状、スラブ状、プリズム状等の平面部を有する形状や、レンズ等の曲面部を有する形状が本発明の研磨液組成物を用いた研磨の対象となる。その中でも、ディスク状の被研磨物の研磨に特に優れている。
【0011】
本発明の微小うねり低減剤は、OH基又はSH基を有する総炭素数2〜15の多価カルボン酸及びその塩からなる。なお、その微小うねりの作用機構については、詳細なことは不明であるが以下のことが推定される。即ち、OH基又はSH基を有する総炭素数2〜15の多価カルボン酸及び/又はその塩を配合することで、研磨中の研磨材、研磨クズに吸着し、負の表面電位が増加しすることにより分散性が向上し、研磨材の凝集が抑制される。その結果として、凝集粒子による精密部品用基板表面の凹部での研磨が著しく少なくなり、そのことより凸部の選択的研磨の促進がより大きくなり、微小うねりの低減ができるものと推定している。特に、Ni−Pメッキされたアルミニウム合金基板表面においては、ノジュールとよばれるメッキ工程で発生する突起や、Ni−Pメッキ前のアルミニウム合金基板がもつスクラッチ等に起因する凹みを除去する能力に優れ、微小うねりを低減する効果が高いことから、このうねり低減剤は、ノジュール低減剤としての機能も有する。
【0012】
微小うねり低減剤として使用されるOH基又はSH基を有する総炭素数2〜15の多価カルボン酸及びその塩の総炭素数は、水への溶解性の観点から、2〜15であり、好ましくは2〜10、より好ましくは2〜8、さらに好ましくは2〜6である。中でも、うねり低減の観点から、α−ヒドロキシカルボン酸及びその塩が好ましい。
【0013】
OH基又はSH基を有する総炭素数2〜15の多価カルボン酸の具体例としては、リンゴ酸、酒石酸、クエン酸、イソクエン酸、アロクエン酸、タルトロン酸、マンデル酸、メルカプトコハク酸等が挙げられる。これらの内、リンゴ酸、酒石酸、クエン酸、イソクエン酸、アロクエン酸及びタルトロン酸が好ましく、特に好ましくはリンゴ酸、酒石酸及びクエン酸であり、最も好ましくはクエン酸である。
【0014】
これらの多価カルボン酸の塩としては、特に限定はなく、具体的には、金属、アンモニウム、アルキルアンモニウム、有機アミン等との塩が挙げられる。金属の具体例としては、周期律表(長周期型)1A、1B、2A、2B、3A、3B、4A、6A、7A又は8族に属する金属が挙げられる。これらの金属の中でも、うねり低減の観点から1A、3B、又は8族に属する金属が好ましく、1A族に属するナトリウム及びカリウムが最も好ましい。
【0015】
アルキルアンモニウムの具体例としては、テトラメチルアンモニウム、テトラエチルアンモニウム、テトラブチルアンモニウム等が挙げられる。
【0016】
有機アミン等の具体例としては、ジメチルアミン、トリメチルアミン、アルカノールアミン等が挙げられる。
【0017】
これらの塩の中では、アンモニウム塩、ナトリウム塩及びカリウム塩が特に好ましい。
【0018】
これらの微小うねり低減剤は単独で用いても良いし、2種以上を混合して用いても良い。
【0019】
本発明の研磨液組成物は、前記微小うねり低減剤、研磨材及び水を含有してなるものである。
【0020】
本発明の研磨液組成物中における微小うねり低減剤の含有量は、微小うねり低減の観点から、0.01重量%以上が好ましく、取り扱い性の観点から、15重量%以下が好ましい。両者を加味し、前記含有量は、より好ましくは0.05〜10重量%、最も好ましくは0.1 〜8 重量%である。
【0021】
本発明に用いられる研磨材は、研磨用に一般に使用されている研磨材を使用することができる。該研磨材の例としては、金属;金属又は半金属の炭化物、窒化物、酸化物、ホウ化物;ダイヤモンド等が挙げられる。金属又は半金属元素は、周期律表(長周期型)の2A、2B、3A、3B、4A、4B、5A、6A、7A又は8族由来のものである。研磨材の具体例として、α−アルミナ粒子、中間アルミナ粒子、炭化ケイ素粒子、ダイヤモンド粒子、酸化マグネシウム粒子、酸化亜鉛粒子、酸化セリウム粒子、酸化ジルコニウム粒子、コロイダルシリカ粒子、ヒュームドシリカ粒子等が挙げられ、これらを1種以上使用することは、研磨速度を向上させる観点から好ましい。また、研磨特性の必要性に応じてこれらを2種以上混合して使用しても良い。研磨材用途別ではNi-Pメッキされた基板の研磨はアルミナ粒子やシリカ粒子が速度向上、表面欠陥防止の観点から好ましい。特にアルミナ粒子の場合、微小うねり低減、表面粗さ低減、速度向上、表面欠陥防止の観点からアルミナとしての純度が95%以上のアルミナが好ましく、より好ましくは結晶型としてα−アルミナ粒子、γ−アルミナ粒子、δ−アルミナ粒子、θ―アルミナ粒子、η−アルミナ粒子及びκ−アルミナ粒子であり、更にはα−アルミナ粒子、γ−アルミナ粒子、δ−アルミナ粒子及びθ―アルミナ粒子が好ましく、特に好ましくはα−アルミナ粒子及びθ−アルミナ粒子であり、α−アルミナ粒子とθ−アルミナ粒子とを組み合わせることが最も好ましい。また、ガラス材質の研磨には酸化セリウム粒子及びアルミナ粒子が好ましい。半導体ウェハや半導体素子等の研磨では酸化セリウム粒子、アルミナ粒子及びシリカ粒子が好ましい。
【0022】
研磨材の一次粒子の平均粒径は、微小うねり低減の観点から、好ましくは0.001 〜3 μm であり、一次粒子が凝集して二次粒子を形成している場合は、同様に微小うねり低減の観点から、その二次粒子の平均粒径は、好ましくは0.01〜3 μm である。特に研磨材がアルミナ粒子である場合、一次粒子の平均粒径は0.005 〜0.8 μm がより好ましく、特に好ましくは0.01〜0. 5μm であり、二次粒子の平均粒径は0.05〜2 μm がより好ましく、特に好ましくは0.1 〜1.5 μm である。また、研磨材がシリカ粒子の場合、一次粒子の平均粒径は0.01〜0.2 μm がより好ましく、特に好ましくは0.02〜0.1 μm であり、二次粒子の平均粒径は0.03〜2 μm がより好ましく、特に好ましくは0.1 〜1.2 μm である。研磨材の一次粒子の平均粒径は、走査型電子顕微鏡で観察(好適には3000〜30000 倍)又は透過型電子顕微鏡で観察(好適には10000 〜300000倍)して画像解析を行い、粒径を測定することにより求めることができる。また、二次粒子の平均粒径はレーザー光回折法を用いて体積平均粒径として測定することができる。
【0023】
研磨材の比重は、分散性及び研磨装置への供給性や回収再利用性の観点から、その比重は2〜6であることが好ましく、2〜5であることがより好ましい。
【0024】
研磨材の含有量は、経済性及び微小うねり低減の観点から、研磨液組成物中において好ましくは1 〜40重量%、より好ましくは2 〜30重量%、さらに好ましくは3 〜25重量%である。
【0025】
本発明の研磨液組成物中の水は、媒体として使用されるものであり、その含有量は被研磨物を効率良く研磨する観点から、好ましくは55〜98.5重量%、より好ましくは60〜97重量%、さらに好ましくは70〜95重量%である。
【0026】
また、本発明の研磨液組成物には、目的に応じて他の成分を配合することができる。その剤としては、界面活性剤、無機酸及びその塩、酸化剤、増粘剤、防錆剤、塩基性物質等が挙げられる。特に効果的にうねりを低減するためには界面活性剤の併用が好ましく、更には2個以上のイオン性親水基を持つ界面活性剤が好ましく、その具体例を示す。なお、かぎ括弧で表した名称は、いずれも商品名を示す。親水基がアニオン性基である界面活性剤、分散剤の例としてはアルケニルコハク酸カリウム、スピクリスポール酸に代表されるアルキル多価カルボン酸又はその塩、「UC3120」(東亜合成化学(株)製)、「ポイズ521」(花王(株)製)、「アロンA6016 」(東亜合成化学(株)製)、「FC-900」(日本触媒化学(株)製)等に代表される(メタ)アクリル酸重合体及びその共重合体とそれらの塩、「デモールST」(花王(株)製)、「デモールEP」(花王(株)製)等に代表されるマレイン酸重合体及びその共重合体とそれらの塩、酢酸ビニルとイタコン酸の共重合体、アクリル酸とイタコン酸の共重合体等に代表されるイタコン酸重合体及びその共重合体及びそれらの塩、「デモールN」(花王(株)製)、「デモールAS」(花王(株)製)等に代表されるポリナフタレンスルフォン酸とその塩、「メルフロー」(三井化学(株))等に代表されるポリメラミンスルフォン酸、スルフォン化スチレン重合体及びその共重合物とそれらの塩、アルギン酸ナトリウム、カルボキシメチルセルロースに代表される多糖類及びその誘導体とその塩、「KL318 」(クラレ(株)製)、「SS2217」(クラレ(株)製)等に代表されるアニオン性親水基単量体変性ポリビニルアルコール等が挙げられる。親水基がカチオン性基である界面活性剤、分散剤の例としては、「マーコート100 」(マツモト交商(株)製)、「マーコート550」(マツモト交商(株)製)、「マーコート280 」(マツモト交商(株)製)等に代表される4級アンモニウム単量体の重合体及びその共重合体とその塩、(トリメチルアンモニウムクロライド)エチル(メタ)アクリル酸エステル類の重合体及びその共重合体とその塩、「C-506 」(クラレ(株)製)、「CM-308」(クラレ(株)製)等に代表されるカチオン性親水基単量体変性ポリビニルアルコール、等が挙げられる。
【0027】
無機酸及びその塩並びに酸化剤の具体例としては、特開昭62-25187号公報2 頁右上欄3 〜11行目、特開昭63-251163 号公報2頁左下欄7行〜14行、特開平1-205973号公報3 頁左上欄11行〜右上欄2 行、特開平3-115383号公報2 頁右下欄16行〜3 頁左上欄11行、特開平4-275387号公報2 頁右欄27行〜3 頁左欄12行等に記載されているものが挙げられる。それぞれの機能を発現させる観点から、これらの成分は単独で用いても良いし、2種類以上混合して用いても良い。また、その含有量は、それぞれの機能を発現させる観点及び経済性の観点から、好ましくは研磨液組成物中0.001〜20重量%、より好ましくは0.005〜15重量%、さらに好ましくは0.01〜10重量%である。
【0028】
特に、本発明の研磨液組成物は、他の成分として無機酸又はその塩を含有する場合に微小うねり低減の効果が大きくなる。より詳しくは、一般に分散質を凝集沈降させやすい多価無機酸又はその塩、さらには硫酸、硫酸アンモニウム、硫酸カリウム、硫酸ニッケル、硫酸アルミニウム、亜硫酸アルミニウム、スルファミン酸アンモニウム等に代表される含硫黄無機酸及びその塩を含有させると、微小うねり低減効果が増大する。
【0029】
さらに、他の成分として必要に応じて殺菌剤や抗菌剤等を配合することができる。これらの殺菌剤及び抗菌剤の含有量は、殺菌作用及び抗菌作用を発揮する観点、研磨性能への影響、経済面の観点から、研磨液組成物中0.0001〜0.1 重量% が好ましく、より好ましくは0.001 〜0.05重量%、さらに好ましくは0.002 〜0.02重量%である。
【0030】
尚、本発明の基板の製造法に使用する研磨液組成物の各成分濃度は、研磨する際の好ましい濃度であるが、該組成物の製造時の濃度であって良い。通常、組成物は濃縮液として組成物は製造され、これを使用時に希釈して用いる場合が多い。
【0031】
研磨液組成物は、前記微小うねり低減剤、研磨材、水及びその他の成分を任意の方法で添加、混合して製造することができる。
【0032】
研磨液組成物のpHは、被研磨物の種類や要求品質等に応じて適宜決定することが好ましい。例えば、研磨液組成物のpHは、被研磨物の洗浄性及び加工機械の腐食防止性、作業者の安全性の観点から、2 〜12が好ましい。また、被研磨物がNi-Pメッキされたアルミニウム合金基板等の金属を主対象とした精密部品基板である場合、研磨速度向上と表面品質の向上の観点からpHは2〜10が好ましく、2〜9がより好ましく、2〜7がさらに好ましく、2〜5が特に好ましい。さらに、半導体ウェハや半導体素子等の研磨、特にシリコン基板、ポリシリコン膜、SiO2膜等の研磨に用いる場合は、研磨速度の向上と表面品質の向上の観点から、7 〜12が好ましく、8 〜11がより好ましく、9 〜11が特に好ましい。該pHは、必要により、硝酸、硫酸等の無機酸、オキシカルボン酸、多価カルボン酸やアミノポリカルボン酸、アミノ酸等の有機酸、及びその金属塩やアンモニウム塩、アンモニア、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、アミン等の塩基性物質を適宜、所望量で配合することで調整することができる。
【0033】
本発明の基板の製造方法は、前記研磨液組成物を用いて被研磨基板を研磨する工程を有している。
【0034】
なお、被研磨基板に代表される被研磨物の材質としては、精密部品用基板に通常使用されるものであれば特に限定はなく、例えば、前記のものであればよい。
【0035】
研磨液組成物を用いて被研磨基板を研磨する方法としては、通常公知の方法であればよい。例えば、多孔質の有機高分子系の研磨布等の研磨パッド等を貼り付けた研磨盤で基板を挟み込み、本発明の研磨液組成物を研磨面に供給し、圧力を加えながら研磨盤や基板を動かすことにより、微小うねりを低減した基板を製造することができる。したがって、本発明は、研磨液組成物を用いる微小うねりの低減方法にも関する。
【0036】
また、本発明の製造方法としては、研磨パッドを使用するポリッシング工程において特に効果があるが、これを使用しないラッピング工程等にも同様に適用することができる。
【0037】
【実施例】
実施例1〜2、比較例1
[研磨液配合方法1]
研磨材(一次粒子の平均粒径0.23μm 、二次粒子の平均粒径0.8μm のα−アルミナ(純度99.9%))16重量部、中間アルミナ(θアルミナ、平均粒径0.2μm 、比表面積150m2/g 、純度99.9% )を4重量部、イタコン酸0.5重量部、硫酸アンモニウム0.5重量部、界面活性剤として「デモールEP」(花王(株)製)を0.08重量部、表1に示す微小うねり低減剤を所定量、残分をイオン交換水として攪拌混合して研磨液組成物100重量部を得た。研磨時にはこの研磨液組成物を4倍量のイオン交換水にて希釈(vol/vol) して使用した。
【0038】
[研磨方法]
ランク・テーラーホブソン社製のタリーステップ(触針先端サイズ:25μm ×25μm 、ハイパスフィルター:80μm 、測定長さ:0.64mm)によって測定した中心線平均粗さRaが0.2 μm 、厚さ1.27 mm 、直径3.5 インチのNi-Pメッキされたアルミニウム合金からなる基板の表面を両面加工機により、1段目研磨の設定条件で片面の研磨量が1.5 〜2 μm になるように調整し、上記のようにして調製した研磨液組成物を用いて研磨して磁気記録媒体用基板として用いられるNi-Pメッキされたアルミニウム合金基板の研磨物の研磨終了品を得た。
【0039】
両面加工機の設定条件を下記に示す。
<両面加工機の設定条件>
・1段目研磨
両面加工機:スピードファーム(株)製、9B型両面加工機
加工圧力:9.8kPa
研磨パッド:カネボウ(株)製、「N 0048」(商品名)
定盤回転数:50rpm
研磨液組成物供給流量:100ml/min
研磨時間:5min
投入した基板の枚数:10枚
【0040】
[微小うねり]
各研磨後の基板の微小うねりを下記の条件で測定した。
機器 :「Zygo New-View200」(Canon販売株式会社製)
レンズ :2.5 倍 Micheison
ズーム比 :0.5
リムーブ :Cylinder
フィルター:FFT Fixed Band Pass 0.5 〜5mm
エリア :4.33mm×5.77mm
【0041】
表1に結果を示す。比較例1の研磨後の微小うねりを基準値1とした場合の各微小うねりの値を相対値で示す。本発明の微小うねり低減剤を添加した実施例1〜2では顕著に微小うねりが低減されていることがわかる。
【0042】
【表1】

Figure 0004076852
【0043】
実施例3、比較例2(但し、実施例3は参考例である)
[研磨液配合方法2]
研磨材(一次粒子の平均粒径0.23μm 、二次粒子の平均粒径0.8μm のα−アルミナ(純度99.9%))16重量部、中間アルミナ(θアルミナ、平均粒径0.2μm 、比表面積150m2/g 、純度99.9% )を4重量部、イタコン酸0.5重量部、表2に示す微小うねり低減剤を所定量、残分をイオン交換水として攪拌混合して研磨液組成物100重量部を得た。得られた研磨液組成物を用いて実施例1と同様に研磨を行った。研磨時にはこの研磨液組成物を4倍量のイオン交換水にて希釈(vol/vol) して使用した。
【0044】
【表2】
Figure 0004076852
【0045】
表2に結果を示す。比較例2の研磨後の微小うねりを基準値1とした場合の各微小うねりの値を相対値で示す。本発明の微小うねり低減剤を添加した実施例3では微小うねりが低減されていることがわかる。
【0046】
【発明の効果】
本発明の微小うねり低減剤を精密部品用基板等の研磨に用いることにより、微小うねりが低減した、単位面積あたりの記憶容量の大きな基板が製造できるという効果が奏される。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a micro waviness reducing agent for polishing a substrate for precision parts. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a polishing liquid composition using the fine waviness reducing agent, a method for reducing the fine waviness of a substrate for precision parts using the polishing liquid composition, and a method for manufacturing the substrate.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The hard disk is required to reduce the flying height of the magnetic head in order to reduce the minimum recording area and increase the capacity. In order to reduce the flying height of such a head, the surface roughness is reduced in the polishing process of the hard disk substrate, and micro waviness (surface irregularities having a wavelength longer than the surface roughness, where the waviness is 0.5 to 5 mm). Reduction) is strongly demanded. In order to manufacture such a substrate with reduced micro-waviness, study of multi-stage polishing in which polishing is performed step by step while reducing the particle size of the polishing material, and polishing load and rotation speed to increase the hardness of the polishing pad. Mechanical conditions such as control are being studied. However, the present situation is that the atomization of the abrasive grains requires a long processing time or cannot reduce to the desired fine waviness under mechanical conditions. Further, micro undulation by polishing with a polishing composition containing a water-soluble iron compound has been studied (see, for example, Patent Document 1), but even with this method, micro swell can be sufficiently reduced. Is the current situation.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-10-204416 (Claim 1)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention relates to a fine waviness reducing agent capable of efficiently reducing the fine waviness of a substrate, a polishing liquid composition containing the fine waviness reducing agent, a method for reducing waviness of a substrate for precision parts using the polishing liquid composition, and the polishing. It aims at providing the manufacturing method of the board | substrate using a liquid composition.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the gist of the present invention, polycarboxylic acid compound or a salt thereof O H group or a total carbon number of 2 to 15 having an SH group, an abrasive containing alumina, and using the polishing composition containing water, The present invention relates to a method for reducing fine waviness of a substrate for precision parts .
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The fine waviness reducing agent of the present invention is characterized in that it is a polyhydric carboxylic acid having 2 to 15 carbon atoms having an OH group or SH group or a salt thereof, and is polished using the fine waviness reducing agent having such a feature. By performing the above, it is possible to significantly reduce the fine waviness of the substrate to be polished such as the substrate for precision parts, and it is possible to produce a remarkable effect that a substrate capable of increasing the storage capacity per unit area can be produced.
[0007]
The micro swell in the present invention refers to an average swell (Wa) having a swell wavelength of 0.5 to 5 mm. Wa is a non-contact type three-dimensional surface structure analysis microscope (manufactured by Canon Sales Co., Ltd., trade name “ZygoNew-View200”). )). More specifically, a bandpass filter with a Michelson 2.5 × lens as an objective lens, a zoom ratio of 0.5, a resolution of 320 × 240, a Cylinder approximation process, and “FFT FIXED” at 0.5 to 5 mm. Can be obtained by processing.
[0008]
The substrate for precision parts that is the subject of the present invention is suitable for polishing, for example, substrates of magnetic recording media such as magnetic disks, optical disks, magneto-optical disks, photomask substrates, optical lenses, optical mirrors, optical prisms, and semiconductor substrates. ing. Examples of the semiconductor substrate include a substrate including a silicon wafer (bare wafer), a buried element isolation film, an interlayer insulating film, a buried metal wiring, a buried capacitor, and the like.
[0009]
The material of the substrate for precision parts is, for example, a metal or a semimetal such as silicon, aluminum, nickel, tungsten, copper, tantalum, or titanium, and an alloy mainly composed of these metals, glass, glassy carbon, amorphous carbon, etc. Glassy substances, ceramic materials such as alumina, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, tantalum nitride, and titanium nitride, and resins such as polyimide resin. Among these, metals such as aluminum, nickel, tungsten, and copper, and alloys containing these metals as main components are objects to be polished, or semiconductor substrates such as semiconductor elements containing these metals are objects to be polished. It is preferable that Furthermore, a precision component substrate having a metal surface such as a magnetic disk substrate is preferably used, and a substrate having a Ni—P alloy layer on the surface thereof, for example, a substrate such as a Ni—P plated aluminum alloy or glass is used. A hard disk substrate is preferable. In particular, the fine waviness reducing agent of the present invention is suitably used in polishing using alumina particles in polishing a Ni-P plated substrate.
[0010]
The shape of these objects to be polished is not particularly limited. For example, a shape having a flat portion such as a disk shape, a plate shape, a slab shape, a prism shape, or a shape having a curved surface portion such as a lens can be used. It becomes the object of polishing using the composition. Among these, it is particularly excellent for polishing a disk-shaped workpiece.
[0011]
The microwaviness reducing agent of the present invention comprises a polyvalent carboxylic acid having 2 to 15 carbon atoms having an OH group or SH group and a salt thereof. In addition, although the detailed thing is unknown about the action mechanism of the micro wave | undulation, the following is estimated. That is, by blending a polycarboxylic acid having 2 to 15 carbon atoms and / or a salt thereof having an OH group or SH group, it adsorbs to the polishing material and polishing debris during polishing, and the negative surface potential increases. By doing so, dispersibility is improved and aggregation of the abrasive is suppressed. As a result, it is estimated that the polishing of the concave parts on the surface of the precision component substrate due to the aggregated particles is remarkably reduced, and that the selective polishing of the convex parts is further promoted and the micro waviness can be reduced. . In particular, the surface of the Ni-P plated aluminum alloy substrate is excellent in the ability to remove protrusions generated in the plating process called nodules and dents caused by scratches of the aluminum alloy substrate before Ni-P plating. Since the effect of reducing micro swell is high, this swell reducing agent also has a function as a nodule reducing agent.
[0012]
From the viewpoint of solubility in water, the total carbon number of the polyvalent carboxylic acid having 2 to 15 carbon atoms and the salt thereof having an OH group or SH group used as a microwaviness reducing agent is 2 to 15, Preferably it is 2-10, More preferably, it is 2-8, More preferably, it is 2-6. Among these, α-hydroxycarboxylic acid and salts thereof are preferable from the viewpoint of reducing swell.
[0013]
Specific examples of the polyvalent carboxylic acid having 2 to 15 carbon atoms having OH group or SH group include malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, isocitric acid, allocric acid, tartronic acid, mandelic acid, mercaptosuccinic acid and the like. It is done. Of these, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, isocitric acid, allocric acid and tartronic acid are preferred, malic acid, tartaric acid and citric acid are particularly preferred, and citric acid is most preferred.
[0014]
These polyvalent carboxylic acid salts are not particularly limited, and specific examples include salts with metals, ammonium, alkylammonium, organic amines, and the like. Specific examples of the metal include metals belonging to the periodic table (long-period type) 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 4A, 6A, 7A, or Group 8. Among these metals, metals belonging to Group 1A, 3B, or Group 8 are preferable from the viewpoint of reducing swell, and sodium and potassium belonging to Group 1A are most preferable.
[0015]
Specific examples of alkylammonium include tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium, tetrabutylammonium and the like.
[0016]
Specific examples of the organic amine include dimethylamine, trimethylamine, alkanolamine and the like.
[0017]
Among these salts, ammonium salt, sodium salt and potassium salt are particularly preferable.
[0018]
These fine waviness reducing agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0019]
The polishing liquid composition of the present invention comprises the above-described fine waviness reducing agent, abrasive and water.
[0020]
The content of the fine waviness reducing agent in the polishing composition of the present invention is preferably 0.01% by weight or more from the viewpoint of reducing the fine waviness, and preferably 15% by weight or less from the viewpoint of handleability. In consideration of both, the content is more preferably 0.05 to 10% by weight, most preferably 0.1 to 8% by weight.
[0021]
As the abrasive used in the present invention, an abrasive generally used for polishing can be used. Examples of the abrasive include metals; metal or metalloid carbides, nitrides, oxides, borides; diamond and the like. The metal or metalloid element is derived from Group 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B, 5A, 6A, 7A or Group 8 of the periodic table (long period type). Specific examples of the abrasive include α-alumina particles, intermediate alumina particles, silicon carbide particles, diamond particles, magnesium oxide particles, zinc oxide particles, cerium oxide particles, zirconium oxide particles, colloidal silica particles, fumed silica particles, and the like. It is preferable to use one or more of these from the viewpoint of improving the polishing rate. Further, two or more of these may be mixed and used depending on the necessity of the polishing characteristics. According to the use of the abrasive, the polishing of the Ni-P plated substrate is preferable from the viewpoint of improving the speed and preventing surface defects by using alumina particles and silica particles. Particularly in the case of alumina particles, alumina having a purity of 95% or more is preferable from the viewpoints of reducing microwaviness, reducing surface roughness, improving speed, and preventing surface defects, and more preferably α-alumina particles, γ- Alumina particles, δ-alumina particles, θ-alumina particles, η-alumina particles and κ-alumina particles, more preferably α-alumina particles, γ-alumina particles, δ-alumina particles and θ-alumina particles, particularly Α-alumina particles and θ-alumina particles are preferable, and α-alumina particles and θ-alumina particles are most preferably combined. In addition, cerium oxide particles and alumina particles are preferable for polishing a glass material. For polishing semiconductor wafers and semiconductor elements, cerium oxide particles, alumina particles and silica particles are preferred.
[0022]
The average particle size of the primary particles of the abrasive is preferably 0.001 to 3 μm from the viewpoint of reducing the fine waviness. If the primary particles are aggregated to form secondary particles, the fine waviness is similarly reduced. From the viewpoint, the average particle size of the secondary particles is preferably 0.01 to 3 μm. In particular, when the abrasive is alumina particles, the average particle size of the primary particles is more preferably 0.005 to 0.8 μm, particularly preferably 0.01 to 0.5 μm, and the average particle size of the secondary particles is more preferably 0.05 to 2 μm. It is particularly preferably 0.1 to 1.5 μm. When the abrasive is silica particles, the average particle size of the primary particles is more preferably 0.01 to 0.2 μm, particularly preferably 0.02 to 0.1 μm, and the average particle size of the secondary particles is more preferably 0.03 to 2 μm. Particularly preferably, the thickness is 0.1 to 1.2 μm. The average particle size of the primary particles of the abrasive is observed with a scanning electron microscope (preferably 3000 to 30000 times) or observed with a transmission electron microscope (preferably 10000 to 300000 times), and image analysis is performed. It can be determined by measuring the diameter. The average particle size of the secondary particles can be measured as a volume average particle size using a laser beam diffraction method.
[0023]
The specific gravity of the abrasive is preferably 2 to 6 and more preferably 2 to 5 from the viewpoints of dispersibility, supply to a polishing apparatus, and recovery and reusability.
[0024]
The content of the abrasive is preferably 1 to 40% by weight, more preferably 2 to 30% by weight, and still more preferably 3 to 25% by weight in the polishing composition from the viewpoint of economy and reduction of microwaviness. .
[0025]
The water in the polishing composition of the present invention is used as a medium, and the content thereof is preferably 55 to 98.5% by weight, more preferably 60 to 97, from the viewpoint of efficiently polishing an object to be polished. % By weight, more preferably 70 to 95% by weight.
[0026]
Moreover, other components can be mix | blended with the polishing liquid composition of this invention according to the objective. Examples of the agent include surfactants, inorganic acids and salts thereof, oxidizing agents, thickeners, rust inhibitors, basic substances and the like. In order to reduce waviness particularly effectively, a combined use of a surfactant is preferable, and a surfactant having two or more ionic hydrophilic groups is preferable, and specific examples thereof are shown. In addition, all the names expressed in angle brackets indicate product names. Examples of surfactants and dispersants whose hydrophilic groups are anionic groups are potassium alkenyl succinate, alkyl polyvalent carboxylic acids represented by spicrispolic acid or salts thereof, “UC3120” (manufactured by Toagosei Chemical Co., Ltd.) ), "Poise 521" (manufactured by Kao Corporation), "Aron A6016" (manufactured by Toagosei Chemical Co., Ltd.), "FC-900" (manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Chemical Co., Ltd.), etc. (Meta) Acrylic acid polymers and copolymers thereof and salts thereof, maleic acid polymers represented by “Demol ST” (manufactured by Kao Corporation), “Demol EP” (manufactured by Kao Corporation), and the like Polymers and their salts, copolymers of vinyl acetate and itaconic acid, itaconic acid polymers represented by acrylic acid and itaconic acid copolymers, and their copolymers and their salts, “Demol N” (Kao Manufactured by Co., Ltd.), “Demol AS” (Kao ( )) Polynaphthalene sulfonic acid and its salt, "Melflow" (Mitsui Chemicals Co., Ltd.) and other polymelamine sulfonic acid, sulfonated styrene polymer and its copolymer and their salts , Polysaccharides typified by sodium alginate, carboxymethylcellulose, and derivatives and salts thereof, “KL318” (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.), “SS2217” (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.), etc. Examples include monomer-modified polyvinyl alcohol. Examples of surfactants and dispersants in which the hydrophilic group is a cationic group include “MARCOAT 100” (manufactured by Matsumoto Kosho Co., Ltd.), “MARCOAT 550” (manufactured by Matsumoto Kosho Co., Ltd.), “MARCOAT 280 "A quaternary ammonium monomer polymer represented by (Matsumoto Trading Co., Ltd.) and the like, a copolymer thereof and a salt thereof, a polymer of (trimethylammonium chloride) ethyl (meth) acrylates, and Copolymers and salts thereof, cationic hydrophilic group monomer-modified polyvinyl alcohol represented by “C-506” (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.), “CM-308” (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.), etc. Is mentioned.
[0027]
Specific examples of inorganic acids and salts thereof and oxidizing agents are disclosed in JP-A-62-25187, page 2, upper right column, lines 3 to 11, JP-A-63-251163, page 2, lower left column, lines 7 to 14, JP-A-1-205973, page 3, upper left column, line 11 to upper-right column, line 2; JP-A-3-115383, page 2, lower-right column, line 16 to page 3, upper-left column, line 11; JP-A-4-275387, page 2 Examples include those described in the right column, line 27 to page 3, left column, line 12 and the like. From the viewpoint of expressing each function, these components may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, the content is preferably 0.001 to 20% by weight, more preferably 0.005 to 15% by weight, and still more preferably from the viewpoint of developing the respective functions and from the viewpoint of economy. 0.01 to 10% by weight.
[0028]
In particular, when the polishing composition of the present invention contains an inorganic acid or a salt thereof as another component, the effect of reducing microwaviness is increased. More specifically, a polyvalent inorganic acid or a salt thereof generally capable of coagulating and precipitating the dispersoid, and further a sulfur-containing inorganic acid represented by sulfuric acid, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, nickel sulfate, aluminum sulfate, aluminum sulfite, ammonium sulfamate and the like. And when the salt thereof is contained, the effect of reducing micro swell increases.
[0029]
Furthermore, a disinfectant, an antibacterial agent, etc. can be mix | blended as another component as needed. The content of these bactericides and antibacterial agents is preferably 0.0001 to 0.1% by weight, more preferably from the viewpoint of exerting bactericidal and antibacterial effects, effects on polishing performance, and economic aspects. It is 0.001 to 0.05 weight%, More preferably, it is 0.002 to 0.02 weight%.
[0030]
In addition, although each component density | concentration of the polishing liquid composition used for the manufacturing method of the board | substrate of this invention is a preferable density | concentration at the time of grinding | polishing, it may be a density | concentration at the time of manufacture of this composition. Usually, the composition is produced as a concentrated liquid, and it is often used after being diluted at the time of use.
[0031]
The polishing composition can be produced by adding and mixing the fine waviness reducing agent, abrasive, water and other components by any method.
[0032]
The pH of the polishing composition is preferably determined as appropriate according to the type of the object to be polished and the required quality. For example, the pH of the polishing composition is preferably 2 to 12 from the viewpoints of the washability of the object to be polished, the corrosion resistance of the processing machine, and the safety of the operator. When the object to be polished is a precision component substrate mainly made of metal such as an aluminum alloy substrate plated with Ni-P, the pH is preferably 2 to 10 from the viewpoint of improving the polishing rate and improving the surface quality. ~ 9 are more preferable, 2-7 are more preferable, and 2-5 are particularly preferable. Furthermore, when used for polishing a semiconductor wafer, a semiconductor element, etc., particularly for polishing a silicon substrate, a polysilicon film, an SiO 2 film, etc., 7 to 12 are preferable from the viewpoint of improving the polishing rate and improving the surface quality. To 11 are more preferable, and 9 to 11 are particularly preferable. If necessary, the pH may be adjusted with inorganic acids such as nitric acid and sulfuric acid, oxycarboxylic acids, polyvalent carboxylic acids, aminopolycarboxylic acids, organic acids such as amino acids, and metal salts and ammonium salts thereof, ammonia, sodium hydroxide, water It can adjust by mix | blending basic substances, such as a potassium oxide and an amine, with a desired quantity suitably.
[0033]
The manufacturing method of the board | substrate of this invention has the process of grind | polishing a to-be-polished board | substrate using the said polishing liquid composition.
[0034]
In addition, the material of the object to be polished typified by the substrate to be polished is not particularly limited as long as it is usually used for the substrate for precision parts.
[0035]
The method for polishing the substrate to be polished using the polishing composition may be any generally known method. For example, the substrate is sandwiched by a polishing machine to which a polishing pad such as a porous organic polymer type polishing cloth is attached, the polishing composition of the present invention is supplied to the polishing surface, and the polishing machine and the substrate are applied while applying pressure. By moving the substrate, a substrate with reduced microwaviness can be manufactured. Therefore, the present invention also relates to a method for reducing microwaviness using a polishing composition.
[0036]
In addition, the manufacturing method of the present invention is particularly effective in the polishing process using a polishing pad, but can be similarly applied to a lapping process or the like that does not use the polishing pad.
[0037]
【Example】
Examples 1-2, Comparative Example 1
[Polishing method 1]
16 parts by weight of abrasive (α-alumina (purity 99.9%) with an average primary particle size of 0.23 μm, secondary particle size of 0.8 μm), intermediate alumina (θ alumina, average particle size of 0.2 μm), ratio 4 parts by weight of surface area 150 m 2 / g, purity 99.9%), 0.5 parts by weight of itaconic acid, 0.5 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, 0.08 parts by weight of “Demol EP” (manufactured by Kao Corporation) as a surfactant, A predetermined amount of the microwaviness reducing agent shown in Table 1 and the remainder as ion exchange water were stirred and mixed to obtain 100 parts by weight of a polishing composition. During polishing, this polishing composition was diluted (vol / vol) with 4 times the amount of ion-exchanged water and used.
[0038]
[Polishing method]
Centerline average roughness Ra measured by rank tailor Hobson's tally step (stylus tip size: 25 μm x 25 μm, high-pass filter: 80 μm, measurement length: 0.64 mm), thickness 1.27 mm, diameter Adjust the surface of the substrate made of 3.5-inch Ni-P plated aluminum alloy with a double-sided processing machine so that the polishing amount on one side is 1.5-2 μm under the setting conditions of the first stage polishing, as described above. By polishing using the polishing composition prepared in this manner, a polished product of a Ni-P plated aluminum alloy substrate used as a magnetic recording medium substrate was obtained.
[0039]
The setting conditions for the double-sided machine are shown below.
<Setting conditions of double-sided machine>
・ First stage double-sided processing machine: Speed Farm Co., Ltd., 9B type double-sided processing machine Processing pressure: 9.8kPa
Polishing pad: “N 0048” (trade name), manufactured by Kanebo Corporation
Plate rotation speed: 50rpm
Polishing liquid composition supply flow rate: 100ml / min
Polishing time: 5min
Number of substrates loaded: 10 [0040]
[Slight swell]
The microwaviness of the substrate after each polishing was measured under the following conditions.
Equipment: "Zygo New-View200" (manufactured by Canon Sales Co., Ltd.)
Lens: 2.5 times Micheison
Zoom ratio: 0.5
Remove: Cylinder
Filter: FFT Fixed Band Pass 0.5 to 5mm
Area: 4.33mm x 5.77mm
[0041]
Table 1 shows the results. The value of each micro swell when the micro swell after polishing in Comparative Example 1 is taken as the reference value 1 is shown as a relative value. It can be seen that in Examples 1 and 2 to which the microwaviness reducing agent of the present invention was added, microwaviness was significantly reduced.
[0042]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004076852
[0043]
Example 3, Comparative Example 2 (However, Example 3 is a reference example)
[Polishing method 2]
16 parts by weight of abrasive (α-alumina (purity 99.9%) with an average primary particle size of 0.23 μm, secondary particle size of 0.8 μm), intermediate alumina (θ alumina, average particle size of 0.2 μm), ratio Polishing composition 100 by stirring and mixing 4 parts by weight of surface area 150 m 2 / g, purity 99.9%), 0.5 parts by weight of itaconic acid, a predetermined amount of the fine waviness reducing agent shown in Table 2, and the remainder as ion exchange water. Part by weight was obtained. Polishing was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 using the resulting polishing composition. During polishing, this polishing composition was diluted (vol / vol) with 4 times the amount of ion-exchanged water and used.
[0044]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004076852
[0045]
Table 2 shows the results. The value of each micro swell when the micro swell after polishing in Comparative Example 2 is defined as a reference value 1 is shown as a relative value. It can be seen that in Example 3 to which the microwaviness reducing agent of the present invention was added, microwaviness was reduced.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
By using the fine waviness reducing agent of the present invention for polishing a precision component substrate or the like, it is possible to produce a substrate with a small storage and a large storage capacity per unit area.

Claims (7)

OH基又はSH基を有する総炭素数2〜15の多価カルボン酸又はその塩、α−アルミナ及びθ−アルミナを含む研磨材、マレイン酸共重合体及び/又はその塩、含硫黄無機酸塩、及び水を含有する、pHが2〜5の研磨液組成物を用いる、Ni-P メッキされたアルミニウム合金基板の微小うねりの低減方法であって、前記多価カルボン酸が、リンゴ酸、酒石酸、及びクエン酸からなる群より選ばれ、前記含硫黄無機酸塩が、硫酸アンモニウム、硫酸カリウム、硫酸ニッケル、硫酸アルミニウム、亜硫酸アルミニウム、及びスルファミン酸アンモニウムからなる群より選ばれる、微小うねりの低減方法Polycarboxylic acid or a salt thereof of the OH groups or the total carbon number of 2 to 15 having a SH group, alpha-alumina and abrasive containing θ- alumina, maleic acid copolymers and / or salts thereof, sulfur-containing inorganic acid A method for reducing microwaviness of a Ni-P plated aluminum alloy substrate using a polishing composition having a pH of 2 to 5 and containing a salt and water , wherein the polyvalent carboxylic acid is malic acid, Microswell reduction method selected from the group consisting of tartaric acid and citric acid, wherein the sulfur-containing inorganic acid salt is selected from the group consisting of ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, nickel sulfate, aluminum sulfate, aluminum sulfite, and ammonium sulfamate . 多価カルボン酸が、クエン酸である、請求項1記載の低減方法。The reduction method according to claim 1 , wherein the polyvalent carboxylic acid is citric acid . 含硫黄無機酸塩が、硫酸アンモニウムである、請求項1又は2記載の低減方法。The reduction method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the sulfur-containing inorganic acid salt is ammonium sulfate . 研磨材の含有量が、研磨液組成物中1〜40重量%である、請求項1〜3いずれか記載の低減方法。The reduction method according to claim 1, wherein the content of the abrasive is 1 to 40% by weight in the polishing composition. 研磨材の二次粒子の平均粒径が、0.1〜1.5μmである、請求項1〜4いずれか記載の低減方法。The reduction method in any one of Claims 1-4 whose average particle diameter of the secondary particle of an abrasives is 0.1-1.5 micrometers. 多価カルボン酸の含有量が、研磨液組成物中0.1〜8重量%である請求項1〜5いずれか記載の低減方法。The reduction method according to claim 1, wherein the content of the polyvalent carboxylic acid is 0.1 to 8% by weight in the polishing composition. 含硫黄無機酸塩の含有量が、研磨液組成物中0.01〜10重量%である請求項1〜6いずれか記載の低減方法。The method according to claim 1, wherein the content of the sulfur-containing inorganic acid salt is 0.01 to 10% by weight in the polishing composition.
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JP2002376443A JP4076852B2 (en) 2002-12-26 2002-12-26 Micro waviness reducing agent
US10/737,841 US7553345B2 (en) 2002-12-26 2003-12-18 Polishing composition
GB0329441A GB2397580B (en) 2002-12-26 2003-12-19 Polishing composition
TW092136280A TWI257422B (en) 2002-12-26 2003-12-19 Polishing composition
MYPI20034986A MY137247A (en) 2002-12-26 2003-12-24 Polishing composition
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