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JP4107447B2 - Method for drying saponified pellets of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer - Google Patents

Method for drying saponified pellets of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4107447B2
JP4107447B2 JP15214898A JP15214898A JP4107447B2 JP 4107447 B2 JP4107447 B2 JP 4107447B2 JP 15214898 A JP15214898 A JP 15214898A JP 15214898 A JP15214898 A JP 15214898A JP 4107447 B2 JP4107447 B2 JP 4107447B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
drying
parts
weight
ethylene
vinyl acetate
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JP15214898A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH11320557A (en
Inventor
誠 国枝
賢二 仁宮
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
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Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Priority to JP15214898A priority Critical patent/JP4107447B2/en
Application filed by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co Ltd filed Critical Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co Ltd
Priority to CA002270559A priority patent/CA2270559C/en
Priority to PCT/JP1998/004007 priority patent/WO1999012714A1/en
Priority to EP98941750A priority patent/EP0937557B1/en
Priority to DE69824272T priority patent/DE69824272T2/en
Priority to US09/297,688 priority patent/US6238606B1/en
Priority to AU89989/98A priority patent/AU746789B2/en
Publication of JPH11320557A publication Critical patent/JPH11320557A/en
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Publication of JP4107447B2 publication Critical patent/JP4107447B2/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/04Polymers of ethylene
    • B29K2023/08Copolymers of ethylene
    • B29K2023/086EVOH, i.e. ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer

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  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、溶融成形性に優れたエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物ペレットを得るためのエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物ペレットの乾燥方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物(以下EVOHと略記する)は透明性、ガスバリヤー性、保香性、耐溶剤性、耐油性などに優れており、かかる特性を生かして、食品包装材料、医薬品包装材料、工業薬品包装材料、農薬包装材料等のフィルムやシート、或いはボトル等の容器等に成形されて利用されている。
EVOHは、エチレンと酢酸ビニルを共重合し、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体を得て、更にケン化して得られ、通常該EVOHのアルコール溶液もしくはアルコール/水の混合溶液をストランド状に成形し、該ストランドを切断してペレットとし、次に乾燥して製品ペレットとなるが、該ペレットの乾燥方法については、例えば、特公昭46−37665号公報には、EVOHを不活性ガスで酸素含有率5%以下の雰囲気下に95℃以下で撹拌を伴う流動乾燥を行うことが開示されている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記開示技術では、EVOH成形物のフィッシュアイの減少については効果が見られるものの、溶融成形時のトルク変動が大きく、更には、成形物の厚みの均一性について欠点があることが明らかになり、また、成形条件によっては得られたフィルムには0.1mm前後の微小なフィッシュアイが多発し、フィルム外観等の点でその商品価値が低下することが判明した。特に積層体等においては、機械的強度、熱安定性、層間接着性の向上を目的として、EVOHにホウ素化合物、酢酸塩、リン酸化合物の少なくとも1つを添加した場合、該EVOHの成形物に微小なフィッシュアイが多発するという傾向が強いことが明らかになった。現在、市場からはこれらの欠点を解決し溶融成形性に優れ、かつ微小なフィッシュアイがないEVOHペレットが得られる乾燥方法が望まれている。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は上記の問題を解決するため鋭意研究を重ねた結果、アルコール溶液もしくはアルコール/水の混合溶液に溶解させられたEVOHペーストをストランド状に成形し、該ストランドを切断して得られたペレットを乾燥する際に、少なくとも二段階の乾燥を行い、その第一次乾燥では下記式(1)で示される平均乾燥速度を5.0〜500重量部/時間(hr)とし、第二次乾燥では該速度を0.1〜5.0重量部/時間(hr)とすると溶融成形性に優れ、かつ得られる成形物に微小なフィッシュアイがないEVOHペレットが得られることを見いだし本発明を完成した。
平均乾燥速度=(乾燥前の含水量-乾燥後の含水量)/乾燥時間(hr)・・・(1)
〔但し、上記含水量とはエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物100重量部に対する含水量(重量部)を示す。〕
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明でEVOHペレットに用いられるEVOHとしては、特に限定されないが、エチレン含有量が20〜60モル%(更には25〜55モル%)、ケン化度が90モル%以上(更には95モル%以上)のものが好ましく、該エチレン含有量が、20モル%未満では溶融成形物の高湿時のガスバリアー性が大きく低下し、逆に60モル%を越える場合や、該ケン化度が90モル%未満の場合には、ガスバリアー性や耐薬品性が低下して好ましくない。
【0006】
上記EVOHには、少量の変性成分として、例えば不飽和カルボン酸、その無水物、塩、エステルやα−オレフィン類、ビニルエーテル、ビニルシラン、ニトリル、アミド類をはじめ任意の変性重合成分が含まれていても良い。 又、本発明においては、エチレン含有量及びケン化度が上記の如き範囲のEVOHであれば、単独で用いても、異なるEVOHを2種以上ブレンドして用いてもよい。
【0007】
本発明の乾燥の対象となるEVOHペレットは、EVOHのメタノール等のアルコール溶液もしくはアルコール/水の混合溶液をストランド状に成形し、該ストランドを切断してペレット化したものであれば特に制限されない。
【0008】
本発明では該ペレットを乾燥する際に、少なくとも二段階の乾燥を行い、その第一次乾燥では下記式(1)で示される平均乾燥速度を5.0〜500重量部/時間(hr)とし、第二次乾燥では該速度を0.1〜5.0重量部/時間(hr)とすることを最大の特徴とするもので、かかる方法について詳細に説明する。
平均乾燥速度=(乾燥前の含水量-乾燥後の含水量)/乾燥時間(hr)・・・(1)
〔但し、上記含水量とはエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物100重量部に対する含水量(重量部)を示す。〕
【0009】
まず第一次乾燥が行われるわけであるが、このときの第一次乾燥前のEVOHの含水量は、EVOH100重量部に対して、25〜400重量部であり、好ましくは40〜250重量部である。該含水量が25重量部未満では得られるEVOHペレットを溶融成形した場合に微小フィッシュアイが多発し、400重量部を越えると第一次乾燥あるいは後述する第二次乾燥の段階でペレットが融着を起こす場合があり好ましくない。
【0010】
本発明では第一次乾燥時の平均乾燥速度を5.0〜500重量部/時間(hr)とすることが必要で、好ましくは、10〜300重量部/時間(hr)である。該速度が5.0重量部/時間(hr)未満では、乾燥中にペレットの融着が起こり、逆に500重量部/時間(hr)を越えると得られるEVOHペレットを溶融成形すると微小フィッシュアイが多発し不適当である。
【0011】
また、第一次乾燥後のEVOHの含水量は、EVOH100重量部に対して、150重量部以下であり、好ましくは10〜80重量部である。該含水量が150重量部を越えると、以下で述べる第二次乾燥でペレットの融着が起こる傾向があり好ましくない。
更に第一次乾燥後の含水量を第一次乾燥前の含水量より5重部以上(更には20〜350重量部)低くするように乾燥を行うのが好ましい。かかる含水量が5重量部未満低い場合では得られるEVOHペレットを溶融成形すると微小フィッシュアイが多発し好ましくない。
【0012】
かかる条件を満足する第一次乾燥の具体的な方法としては、特に制限されず、静置乾燥、流動乾燥等の方法やこれらを組み合わせた方法を採用することができ、該静置乾燥には回分式通気流箱型乾燥器、バンド乾燥器、トンネル乾燥器、竪型乾燥器が、流動乾燥には円筒・溝型撹拌乾燥器、円筒乾燥器、(塔型、箱型)回転乾燥器、(半連続式2段、連続横型多室式、連続多孔板多段)流動層乾燥器、振動流動層乾燥器、円錐回転型乾燥器が用いられる。
【0013】
第一次乾燥に用いられる加熱ガスとしては空気または不活性ガス(窒素ガス、ヘリウムガス、アルゴンガス等)が用いられ、該加熱ガスの温度としては95℃以下が好ましく、更には40〜90℃、特には60〜90℃である。
また、乾燥時間としては5分〜48時間が好ましく、更には10分〜24時間である。
【0014】
また、乾燥器内の加熱ガスの通過速度は1.0〜10m/secとすることが好ましく、更には1.0〜5.0m/sec、特には1.0〜3.0m/secである。かかる速度が1.0m/sec未満ではペレットの融着が起こる場合があり、逆に10m/secを越えると微粉やペレットの欠けが発生する場合があり好ましくない。該速度は、加熱ガスの通過量を調節したり、乾燥器内に邪魔板等設けることによりコントロールされる。
【0015】
上記の第一次乾燥を行った後、第二次乾燥が行われるのであるが、この時の具体的な方法としては、特に制限されず、第一次乾燥と同様の乾燥方法、乾燥器が用いられる。
【0016】
但し、第二次乾燥時の上記の平均乾燥速度は0.1〜5重量部/時間(hr)とすることが必要で、好ましくは、0.3〜3重量部/時間(hr)である。該速度が0.1重量部/時間(hr)未満では、ペレットの融着が起こり、また乾燥時間が長くなり、5重量部/時間(hr)を越えると得られるEVOHペレットを溶融成形した場合に微小フィッシュアイが多発し不適当である。
【0017】
第二次乾燥に用いられる加熱ガスとしては空気または不活性ガス(窒素ガス、ヘリウムガス、アルゴンガス等)が用いられ、該加熱ガスの温度としては75℃以上が好ましく、更には85〜150℃である。
また、乾燥の時間としては10分〜72時間が好ましく、更には1〜48時間である。
【0018】
この時の乾燥器内の加熱ガスの通過速度は1.0m/sec未満とすることが好ましく、更には0.01〜0.5m/secである。かかる速度が1.0m/secを越えると微粉やペレット欠けが発生する傾向があり好ましくない。
【0019】
上記の第二次乾燥によりEVOHの含水量が2.0重量部以下、特に0.001〜2.0重量部(更には0.01〜1.0重量部)になるようにするのが好ましい。含水量が2.0重量部を越えると成形品中に水の発泡が発生しやすくなり好ましくない。
【0020】
かくして本発明の乾燥方法により、溶融成形性に優れ、微小フィッシュアイが少ないEVOHペレットが得られるわけであるが、本発明においては、乾燥前のEVOHに、ホウ素化合物、酢酸塩、リン酸化合物の少なくとも1つが含有されるとき、本発明の作用効果が顕著に発揮される。
該ホウ素化合物としては、ホウ酸またはその金属塩、例えばホウ酸カルシウム、ホウ酸コバルト、ホウ酸亜鉛(四ホウ酸亜鉛,メタホウ酸亜鉛等)、ホウ酸アルミニウム・カリウム、ホウ酸アンモニウム(メタホウ酸アンモニウム、四ホウ酸アンモニウム、五ホウ酸アンモニウム、八ホウ酸アンモニウム等)、ホウ酸カドミウム(オルトホウ酸カドミウム、四ホウ酸カドミウム等)、ホウ酸カリウム(メタホウ酸カリウム、四ホウ酸カリウム、五ホウ酸カリウム、六ホウ酸カリウム、八ホウ酸カリウム等)、ホウ酸銀(メタホウ酸銀、四ホウ酸銀等)、ホウ酸銅(ホウ酸第2銅、メタホウ酸銅、四ホウ酸銅等)、ホウ酸ナトリウム(メタホウ酸ナトリウム、二ホウ酸ナトリウム、四ホウ酸ナトリウム、五ホウ酸ナトリウム、六ホウ酸ナトリウム、八ホウ酸ナトリウム等)、ホウ酸鉛(メタホウ酸鉛、六ホウ酸鉛等)、ホウ酸ニッケル(オルトホウ酸ニッケル、二ホウ酸ニッケル、四ホウ酸ニッケル、八ホウ酸ニッケル等)、ホウ酸バリウム(オルトホウ酸バリウム、メタホウ酸バリウム、二ホウ酸バリウム、四ホウ酸バリウム等)、ホウ酸ビスマス、ホウ酸マグネシウム(オルトホウ酸マグネシウム、二ホウ酸マグネシウム、メタホウ酸マグネシウム、四ホウ酸三マグネシウム、四ホウ酸五マグネシウム等)、ホウ酸マンガン(ホウ酸第一マンガン、メタホウ酸マンガン、四ホウ酸マンガン等)、ホウ酸リチウム(メタホウ酸リチウム、四ホウ酸リチウム、五ホウ酸リチウム等)などの他、ホウ砂、カーナイト、インヨーアイト、コトウ石、スイアン石、ザイベリ石等のホウ酸塩鉱物などが挙げられ、好適にはホウ砂、ホウ酸、ホウ酸ナトリウム(メタホウ酸ナトリウム、二ホウ酸ナトリウム、四ホウ酸ナトリウム、五ホウ酸ナトリウム、六ホウ酸ナトリウム、八ホウ酸ナトリウム等)が用いられる。
【0021】
かかるホウ素化合物の含有量は、ホウ素換算でEVOH100重量部に対して0.001〜1重量部で、更に好ましくは0.001〜0.5重量部、特に好ましくは0.002〜0.1重量部で、かかるホウ素化合物の含有量が、ホウ素換算で0.001重量部未満ではホウ素化合物の添加によるEVOHペレットの機械的強度、熱安定性、層間接着性の向上が期待できず、逆に1重量部を越えるとゲルやフィッシュアイが多発する傾向があり好ましくない。
【0022】
EVOHにホウ素化合物を含有させる方法としては、特に限定されず、▲1▼EVOHに直接ホウ素化合物をブレンドする方法、▲2▼ホウ素化合物を水等の溶媒に溶解した後、EVOHに混合する方法、▲3▼ホウ素化合物の溶液にEVOHを浸漬させる方法、▲4▼溶融状態のEVOHにホウ素化合物をブレンドする方法、▲5▼EVOHの水/アルコール溶液にホウ素化合物の溶液を添加後、凝固槽中に析出させる方法、▲6▼EVOHの水/アルコール溶液の多孔性析出物をホウ素化合物の溶液中で含浸させる方法等が挙げられるが、ホウ素化合物をより均一に効率良く分散させるという点では、▲5▼や▲6▼の方法が好適に用いられる。
【0023】
また、EVOHに含有させる酢酸塩としては、酢酸ナトリウム、酢酸カリウム、酢酸カルシウム、酢酸マグネシウム、酢酸マンガン、酢酸銅、酢酸コバルト、酢酸亜鉛等を挙げることができるが、酢酸ナトリウム、酢酸カリウム、酢酸カルシウム、酢酸マグネシウムが好適に用いられ、酢酸塩の含有量は、金属換算でEVOH100重量部に対して0.001〜0.05重量部で、更に好ましくは0.0015〜0.04重量部、特に好ましくは0.002〜0.03重量部で、かかる酢酸塩の含有量が金属換算で0.001重量部未満では酢酸塩の添加によるEVOHペレットの機械的強度、熱安定性、層間接着性の向上が期待できず、逆に0.05重量部を越えると成形物の外観性が低下する傾向があり好ましくない。
EVOHに酢酸塩を含有させる方法も特に限定されず、上記のホウ素化合物と同様の含有方法を採用することができる。
また、上記の酢酸塩含有量の調整にあたっては、EVOHの製造時に調整することも可能で、例えば、ケン化工程で使用したアルカリ(水酸化ナトリウム)を酢酸で中和して、副生成する酢酸ナトリウムの量を水洗処理等により調整したりすることも可能である。
【0024】
更に、EVOHに含有させるリン酸化合物としては、リン酸二水素ナトリウム、リン酸水素二ナトリウム、リン酸二水素カリウム、リン酸水素二カリウム、リン酸三カリウム、リン酸一水素カルシウム、リン酸二水素カルシウム、リン酸三カルシウム、リン酸マグネシウム、リン酸水素マグネシウム、リン酸二水素マグネシウム、リン酸水素亜鉛、リン酸水素バリウム、リン酸水素マンガン等を挙げることができるが、リン酸二水素ナトリウム、リン酸二水素カリウム、リン酸二水素カルシウム、リン酸二水素マグネシウムが好適に用いられ、リン酸化合物の含有量は、リン酸根換算でEVOH100重量部に対して0.0005〜0.05重量部で、更に好ましくは0.001〜0.04重量部、特に好ましくは0.002〜0.03重量部で、かかるリン酸化合物の含有量がリン酸根換算で0.0005重量部未満ではリン酸化合物の添加によるEVOHペレットの機械的強度、熱安定性、層間接着性の向上が期待できず、逆に0.05重量部を越えると成形物の外観性が低下する傾向があり好ましくない。
EVOHにリン酸化合物を含有させる方法も特に限定されず、上記のホウ素化合物と同様の含有方法を採用することができる。
【0025】
上記の乾燥方法により得られたEVOHペレットは、成形物の用途に多用され、溶融成形等によりペレット、フィルム、シート、容器、繊維、棒、管、各種成形品等に成形され、又、これらの粉砕品(回収品を再使用する時など)やペレットを用いて再び溶融成形に供することが多い。
【0026】
溶融成形方法としては、押出成形法(T−ダイ押出、インフレーション押出、ブロー成形、溶融紡糸、異型押出等)、射出成形法が主として採用される。溶融成形温度は、150〜300℃の範囲から選ぶことが多い。
また、該EVOHペレットは、積層体用途にも多用され、特にEVOHからなる層の少なくとも片面に熱可塑性樹脂層を積層してなる積層体として用いられる。
【0027】
該積層体を製造するに当たっては、EVOHの層の片面又は両面に他の基材を積層するのであるが、積層方法としては、例えば該EVOHのフィルム、シートに熱可塑性樹脂を溶融押出する方法、逆に熱可塑性樹脂等の基材に該EVOHを溶融押出する方法、該EVOHと他の熱可塑性樹脂とを共押出する方法、更には本発明で得られたEVOHのフィルム、シートと他の基材のフィルム、シートとを有機チタン化合物、イソシアネート化合物、ポリエステル系化合物、ポリウレタン化合物等の公知の接着剤を用いてドライラミネートする方法等が挙げられる。
【0028】
共押出の場合の相手側樹脂としては直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン、低密度ポリエチレン、中密度ポリエチレン、高密度ポリエチレン、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体、アイオノマー、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体、エチレン−アクリル酸エステル共重合体、ポリプロピレン、プロピレン−α−オレフィン(炭素数4〜20のα−オレフィン)共重合体、ポリブテン、ポリペンテン等のオレフィンの単独又は共重合体、或いはこれらのオレフィンの単独又は共重合体を不飽和カルボン酸又はそのエステルでグラフト変性したものなどの広義のポリオレフィン系樹脂、ポリエステル、ポリアミド、共重合ポリアミド、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、アクリル系樹脂、ポリスチレン、ビニルエステル系樹脂、ポリエステルエラストマー、ポリウレタンエラストマー、塩素化ポリエチレン、塩素化ポリプロピレン等が挙げられる。EVOHも共押出可能である。上記のなかでも、共押出製膜の容易さ、フィルム物性(特に強度)の実用性の点から、ポリプロピレン、ポリアミド、ポリエチレン、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体、ポリスチレン、PETが好ましく用いられる。
【0029】
更に、本発明の方法で得られるEVOHペレットから一旦フィルム、シート等の成形物を得、これに他の基材を押出コートしたり、他の基材のフィルム、シート等を接着剤を用いてラミネートする場合、前記の熱可塑性樹脂以外に任意の基材(紙、金属箔、一軸又は二軸延伸プラスチックフィルム又はシート、織布、不織布、金属綿状、木質等)が使用可能である。
積層体の層構成は、EVOHの層をa(a1、a2、・・・)、他の基材、例えば熱可塑性樹脂層をb(b1、b2、・・・)とするとき、フィルム、シート、ボトル状であれば、a/bの二層構造のみならず、b/a/b、a/b/a、a1/a2/b、a/b1/b2、b2/b1/a/b1/b2等任意の組み合わせが可能であり、フィラメント状ではa、bがバイメタル型、芯(a)−鞘(b)型、芯(b)−鞘(a)型、或いは偏心芯鞘型等任意の組み合わせが可能である。
【0030】
該積層体は、そのまま各種形状のものに使用されるが、更に該積層体の物性を改善するためには延伸処理を施すことも好ましく、かかる延伸については、一軸延伸、二軸延伸のいずれであってもよく、できるだけ高倍率の延伸を行ったほうが物性的に良好で、延伸時にピンホールやクラック、延伸ムラ、デラミ等の生じない延伸フィルムや延伸シート等が得られる。
【0031】
延伸方法としては、ロール延伸法、テンター延伸法、チューブラー延伸法、延伸ブロー法等の他、深絞成形、真空成形等のうち延伸倍率の高いものも採用できる。二軸延伸の場合は同時二軸延伸方式、逐次二軸延伸方式のいずれの方式も採用できる。延伸温度は80〜170℃、好ましくは100〜160℃程度の範囲から選ばれる。
【0032】
かくして延伸が終了した後、次いで熱固定を行う。熱固定は周知の手段で実施可能であり、上記延伸フィルムを緊張状態を保ちながら80〜170℃、好ましくは100〜160℃で2〜600秒間程度熱処理を行う。
また、生肉、加工肉、チーズ等を熱収縮包装する用途に用いる場合は、延伸後の熱固定は行わなず製品フィルムとし、上記生肉、加工肉、チーズ等を該フィルムに収納して、50〜130℃好ましくは70〜120℃で2〜300秒程度の熱処理を行って、該フィルムを熱収縮させて密着包装する。
【0033】
かくして得られた積層体の形状としては任意のものであってよく、フィルム、シート、テープ、ボトル、パイプ、フィラメント、異型断面押出物等が例示される。又、得られる積層体は必要に応じ、熱処理、冷却処理、圧延処理、印刷処理、ドライラミネート処理、溶液又は溶融コート処理、製袋加工、深絞り加工、箱加工、チューブ加工、スプリット加工等を行うことができる。
上記の如く得られたフィルム、シート或いは容器等は食品、医薬品、工業薬品、農薬等各種の包装材料として有用である。
【0034】
【実施例】
以下、実施例を挙げて本発明を具体的に説明する。
尚、例中、「%」、「部」とあるのは、特に断りのない限り重量基準を意味する。
実施例1
液温を50℃に調整したEVOH[エチレン含有量35モル%、ケン化度99.5モル%]のメタノール/水〔50/50(重量比)〕混合溶液をノズルより5℃に維持された水槽にストランド状に押し出した。凝固終了後、水槽の端部に付設された引き取りローラーを経て、ストランド状物をカッターで切断し、直径4mm、長さ4mmのペレット(1)を得て、更に該ペレット(1)を30℃の温水中に投入して、4時間撹拌して、EVOHペレット(2)を得た後、該ペレット(2)を0.2%ホウ酸水溶液に投入し、30℃で5時間撹拌して、含水量100部(EVOH100部に対して)のペレット(3)を得た。該ペレット(3)中のホウ酸含有量はEVOH100部に対して0.03部(ホウ素換算)であった。該ペレット(3)を下記の第一次乾燥工程及び第二次乾燥工程を経て乾燥ペレットとした。
<第一次乾燥工程>
回分式流動層乾燥器にて75℃の窒素ガスで3時間乾燥を行って含水量25部(EVOH100部に対して)のペレット(4)を得た。このときの平均乾燥速度は25部/時間(hr)であった。
【0035】
<第二次乾燥工程>
次いで、上記ペレット(4)を、回分式通気流箱型乾燥器により、125℃の窒素ガスで、18時間乾燥を行って含水量0.3部(EVOH100部に対して)のペレット(4)を得た。このときの平均乾燥速度は1.37部/時間(hr)であった。
得られた乾燥ペレットをフィードブロック5層Tダイを備えた多層押出装置に中間層として供給して、ポリエチレン(三菱化学社製、ノバテックLD LF525H)、接着樹脂(三菱化学社製、モディクAP 240H)を用いて、以下の条件でポリエチレン層/接着樹脂層/上記EVOH層/接着樹脂層/ポリエチレン層(厚み50/10/20/10/50μ)の3種5層の多層積層体(フィルム)を作製して、以下のようにフィッシュアイを測定して評価した。また、96時間連続運転を行って、その時のEVOH押出機のトルク変動、EVOH層の膜厚変化を評価した。
【0036】
(押出条件)
・EVOH押出機

Figure 0004107447
・ポリエチレン押出機
Figure 0004107447
・接着樹脂押出機
Figure 0004107447
【0037】
(フィッシュアイの測定)
上記の成形直後のフィルム(10cm×10cm)の微小フィッシュアイの発生状況を目視観察して、以下のとおり評価した。
◎・・・0〜3個
○・・・4〜10個
△・・・11〜50個
×・・・51個以上
評価結果を表1に示した。
【0038】
(トルク変動)
連続製膜中のEVOH押出機のモーター負荷(スクリュー回転数40rpm)でのスクリュートルクA(アンペア)の変動を以下のとおり評価した。
○・・・±5%未満の変動
△・・・±5〜±10%未満の変動
×・・・±10%以上の変動
【0039】
(EVOH層膜厚変化)
1時間毎にフィルムを採取してMD方向の断面を顕微鏡で観察して、EVOH層の厚みを測り、20μmを中心値として変動比を求めて、以下のとおり評価した。
○・・・±5%未満の変動比
△・・・±5〜±10%未満の変動比
×・・・±10%以上の変動比
上記各項目の評価結果を表1に示した。
【0040】
実施例2
実施例1で第一次乾燥工程の乾燥温度を85℃、乾燥時間を1.5時間に変更して平均乾燥速度を50部/時間(hr)とした以外は同様に実施して、含水量0.3部(EVOH100部に対して)の乾燥ペレットを得、実施例1と同様に評価した。
【0041】
実施例3
実施例1で第二次乾燥工程で、乾燥温度を115℃、乾燥時間を28時間に変更して平均乾燥速度を0.9部/時間(hr)とした以外は同様に実施して、含水量0.3部(EVOH100部に対して)の乾燥ペレットを得、実施例1と同様に評価した。
【0042】
実施例4
実施例1で0.2%ホウ酸水溶液の替わりに0.03%酢酸カルシウム水溶液を用いて同様に処理した。乾燥前のペレット中の酢酸カルシウム含有量はEVOH100部に対して0.0075部(カルシウム換算)であった。実施例1と同様に第一次乾燥、第二次乾燥を実施し、得られた乾燥ペレットを実施例1と同様に評価した。
【0043】
実施例5
実施例1で0.2%ホウ酸水溶液の替わりに0.02%リン酸二水素マグネシム水溶液を用いて同様に処理した。乾燥前のペレット中のリン酸二水素マグネシム含有量はEVOH100部に対して0.018部(リン酸根換算)であった。実施例1と同様に第一次乾燥、第二次乾燥を実施し、得られた乾燥ペレットを実施例1と同様に評価した。
【0044】
実施例6
実施例1と同様にして、ペレット(2)を得、ホウ酸処理を行わずに、実施例1と同様の第一次乾燥、第二次乾燥を行い、乾燥ペレットを得た。
得られた乾燥ペレットを実施例1と同様に評価した。
【0045】
比較例1
実施例1の第一次乾燥工程で乾燥温度を40℃、乾燥時間を25時間に変更して平均乾燥速度を3部/時間(hr)とした以外は同様に実施して、含水量0.3部(EVOH100部に対して)の乾燥ペレットを得、実施例1と同様に評価した。
【0046】
比較例2
実施例1の第一次乾燥工程で乾燥温度を125℃、乾燥時間を0.14時間に変更して平均乾燥速度を550部/時間(hr)とした以外は同様に実施して、含水量0.1部(EVOH100部に対して)の乾燥ペレットを得、実施例1と同様に評価した。
【0047】
比較例3
実施例1で第二次乾燥工程で、乾燥温度を88℃、乾燥時間を480時間に変更して平均乾燥速度を0.05部/時間(hr)とした以外は同様に実施して、含水量1部(EVOH100部に対して)の乾燥ペレットを得、実施例1と同様に評価した。
【0048】
比較例4
実施例1で第二次乾燥工程で、乾燥温度を155℃、乾燥時間を4.5時間に変更して平均乾燥速度を5.5部/時間(hr)とした以外は同様に実施して、含水量0.25部(EVOH100部に対して)の乾燥ペレットを得、実施例1と同様に評価した。
【0049】
【表1】
Figure 0004107447
【0050】
【発明の効果】
本発明では、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物のアルコール溶液もしくはアルコール/水の混合溶液をストランド状に成形し、該ストランドを切断して得られたペレットを乾燥する際に、少なくとも二段階の乾燥を行い、その第一次乾燥では特定式で示される平均乾燥速度を5.0〜500重量部/時間(hr)とし、第二次乾燥では該速度を0.1〜5.0重量部/時間(hr)としているので、得られたEVOHペレットは、溶融成形性に優れ、微小フィッシュアイの少ない成形物を得ることができ、食品や医薬品、農薬品、工業薬品包装用のフィルム、シート、チューブ、袋、容器等の用途に非常に有用である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for drying ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer saponified pellets to obtain ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer saponified pellets having excellent melt moldability.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (hereinafter abbreviated as EVOH) is excellent in transparency, gas barrier properties, aroma retention, solvent resistance, oil resistance, etc. It is used by being formed into a film or sheet such as a material, pharmaceutical packaging material, industrial chemical packaging material, agricultural chemical packaging material, or a container such as a bottle.
EVOH is obtained by copolymerizing ethylene and vinyl acetate to obtain an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and further saponifying, and usually forming an alcohol solution of EVOH or a mixed solution of alcohol / water into a strand, The strand is cut into pellets and then dried to obtain product pellets. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-37665 discloses EVOH with an inert gas and an oxygen content of 5 It is disclosed to perform fluidized drying with stirring at 95 ° C. or less in an atmosphere of less than or equal to%.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, although the above disclosed technique is effective for reducing the fish eye of EVOH molded product, the torque fluctuation at the time of melt molding is large, and further, there is a defect in the uniformity of the thickness of the molded product. In addition, depending on the molding conditions, it was found that fine fish eyes of around 0.1 mm frequently occur in the obtained film, and its commercial value is lowered in terms of film appearance and the like. In particular, in a laminate or the like, when at least one of a boron compound, an acetate salt, and a phosphoric acid compound is added to EVOH for the purpose of improving mechanical strength, thermal stability, and interlayer adhesion, It became clear that there was a strong tendency for frequent small fish eyes. Currently, there is a demand from the market for a drying method that can solve these drawbacks and obtain EVOH pellets that are excellent in melt moldability and free of fine fish eyes.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventor obtained an EVOH paste dissolved in an alcohol solution or an alcohol / water mixed solution into a strand shape, and obtained by cutting the strand. When drying the pellet, at least two stages of drying are performed. In the primary drying, the average drying speed represented by the following formula (1) is set to 5.0 to 500 parts by weight / hr (hr), and the secondary drying is performed. It has been found that EVOH pellets having excellent melt moldability and no fine fish eyes in the resulting molded product can be obtained when the speed is 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight / hour (hr) in drying. completed.
Average drying rate = (water content before drying-water content after drying) / drying time (hr) (1)
[However, the water content refers to the water content (parts by weight) based on 100 parts by weight of the saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. ]
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
EVOH used for EVOH pellets in the present invention is not particularly limited, but the ethylene content is 20 to 60 mol% (more preferably 25 to 55 mol%), and the saponification degree is 90 mol% or more (further 95 mol%). When the ethylene content is less than 20 mol%, the gas barrier property at high humidity of the melt-molded product is greatly reduced. Conversely, when the ethylene content exceeds 60 mol%, the saponification degree is 90%. If it is less than mol%, the gas barrier properties and chemical resistance are lowered, which is not preferable.
[0006]
The EVOH contains a small amount of modifying components such as unsaturated carboxylic acids, anhydrides, salts, esters, α-olefins, vinyl ethers, vinyl silanes, nitriles and amides. Also good. In the present invention, as long as the ethylene content and the saponification degree are EVOH within the above ranges, they may be used alone or in a blend of two or more different EVOHs.
[0007]
The EVOH pellets to be dried in the present invention are not particularly limited as long as they are obtained by forming an alcohol solution of EVOH such as methanol or a mixed solution of alcohol / water into strands and cutting the strands into pellets.
[0008]
In the present invention, when the pellets are dried, at least two stages of drying are performed. In the primary drying, the average drying speed represented by the following formula (1) is set to 5.0 to 500 parts by weight / hour (hr). The secondary drying is characterized in that the speed is 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight / hour (hr), and the method will be described in detail.
Average drying rate = (water content before drying-water content after drying) / drying time (hr) (1)
[However, the water content refers to the water content (parts by weight) based on 100 parts by weight of the saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. ]
[0009]
First, the primary drying is performed. At this time, the water content of EVOH before the primary drying is 25 to 400 parts by weight, preferably 40 to 250 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of EVOH. It is. When the water content is less than 25 parts by weight, the resulting EVOH pellets are melt-molded to produce micro fish eyes. When the water content exceeds 400 parts by weight, the pellets are fused in the primary drying stage or the secondary drying stage described later. This is not preferable.
[0010]
In the present invention, it is necessary to set the average drying speed during primary drying to 5.0 to 500 parts by weight / hour (hr), preferably 10 to 300 parts by weight / hour (hr). When the speed is less than 5.0 parts by weight / hr (hr), pellet fusion occurs during drying. Conversely, when the rate exceeds 500 parts by weight / hr (hr), the resulting EVOH pellets are melt-molded to produce micro fish eyes. Is frequent and inappropriate.
[0011]
The water content of EVOH after the primary drying is 150 parts by weight or less, preferably 10 to 80 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of EVOH. If the water content exceeds 150 parts by weight, the pellets tend to be fused in the secondary drying described below, which is not preferable.
Furthermore, it is preferable to perform the drying so that the water content after the primary drying is 5 or more parts (more preferably 20 to 350 parts by weight) lower than the water content before the primary drying. When the water content is less than 5 parts by weight, when the EVOH pellets obtained are melt-molded, fine fish eyes frequently occur, which is not preferable.
[0012]
A specific method of primary drying that satisfies such conditions is not particularly limited, and methods such as stationary drying, fluidized drying, and combinations thereof can be employed. Batch-type aerated flow box type dryer, band dryer, tunnel dryer, vertical type dryer, cylindrical / groove type stirring dryer, cylindrical dryer, (tower type, box type) rotary dryer for fluidized drying, (Semi-continuous type 2-stage, continuous horizontal multi-chamber type, continuous perforated plate multi-stage) A fluidized bed dryer, a vibrating fluidized bed dryer, or a conical rotary dryer is used.
[0013]
As the heating gas used for the primary drying, air or an inert gas (nitrogen gas, helium gas, argon gas, etc.) is used, and the temperature of the heating gas is preferably 95 ° C. or lower, more preferably 40 to 90 ° C. In particular, it is 60 to 90 ° C.
Further, the drying time is preferably 5 minutes to 48 hours, and more preferably 10 minutes to 24 hours.
[0014]
Further, the passing speed of the heated gas in the dryer is preferably 1.0 to 10 m / sec, more preferably 1.0 to 5.0 m / sec, and particularly 1.0 to 3.0 m / sec. . If the speed is less than 1.0 m / sec, fusion of pellets may occur. Conversely, if it exceeds 10 m / sec, fine powder or pellet chipping may occur, which is not preferable. The speed is controlled by adjusting the passing amount of the heated gas or by providing a baffle plate or the like in the dryer.
[0015]
The secondary drying is performed after the above primary drying, but the specific method at this time is not particularly limited, and the same drying method and dryer as the primary drying are used. Used.
[0016]
However, the average drying speed during secondary drying needs to be 0.1 to 5 parts by weight / hour (hr), and preferably 0.3 to 3 parts by weight / hour (hr). . When the speed is less than 0.1 parts by weight / hour (hr), pellet fusion occurs, and the drying time becomes longer. When the rate exceeds 5 parts by weight / hour (hr), EVOH pellets obtained are melt molded. In particular, small fish eyes occur frequently and are inappropriate.
[0017]
As the heating gas used for the secondary drying, air or an inert gas (nitrogen gas, helium gas, argon gas, etc.) is used, and the temperature of the heating gas is preferably 75 ° C. or higher, more preferably 85 to 150 ° C. It is.
The drying time is preferably 10 minutes to 72 hours, more preferably 1 to 48 hours.
[0018]
At this time, the passing speed of the heated gas in the dryer is preferably less than 1.0 m / sec, and more preferably 0.01 to 0.5 m / sec. If the speed exceeds 1.0 m / sec, fine powder and pellet chipping tend to occur, which is not preferable.
[0019]
It is preferable that the water content of EVOH is 2.0 parts by weight or less, particularly 0.001 to 2.0 parts by weight (more preferably 0.01 to 1.0 parts by weight) by the secondary drying. . If the water content exceeds 2.0 parts by weight, foaming of water tends to occur in the molded product, which is not preferable.
[0020]
Thus, by the drying method of the present invention, EVOH pellets having excellent melt moldability and few fine fish eyes can be obtained. In the present invention, the EVOH before drying contains boron compounds, acetates, phosphate compounds. When at least one is contained, the effect of the present invention is remarkably exhibited.
Examples of the boron compound include boric acid or a metal salt thereof such as calcium borate, cobalt borate, zinc borate (zinc tetraborate, zinc metaborate, etc.), aluminum borate / potassium borate, ammonium borate (ammonium metaborate). , Ammonium tetraborate, ammonium pentaborate, ammonium octaborate, etc.), cadmium borate (cadmium orthoborate, cadmium tetraborate, etc.), potassium borate (potassium metaborate, potassium tetraborate, potassium pentaborate) , Potassium hexaborate, potassium octaborate, etc.), silver borate (silver metaborate, silver tetraborate, etc.), copper borate (cupric borate, copper metaborate, copper tetraborate, etc.), boron Acid sodium (sodium metaborate, sodium diborate, sodium tetraborate, sodium pentaborate, sodium hexaborate , Sodium octaborate, etc.), lead borate (lead metaborate, lead hexaborate, etc.), nickel borate (nickel orthoborate, nickel diborate, nickel tetraborate, nickel octaborate, etc.), boric acid Barium (barium orthoborate, barium metaborate, barium diborate, barium tetraborate, etc.), bismuth borate, magnesium borate (magnesium orthoborate, magnesium diborate, magnesium metaborate, magnesium triborate, tetra Others such as pentamagnesium borate), manganese borate (manganese borate, manganese metaborate, manganese tetraborate, etc.), lithium borate (lithium metaborate, lithium tetraborate, lithium pentaborate, etc.) , Borax, Carnite, Inyoite, Colite, Suiyanite, Zyberite, etc. Borax, boric acid, sodium borate (sodium metaborate, sodium diborate, sodium tetraborate, sodium pentaborate, sodium hexaborate, sodium octaborate, etc.) are preferably used. It is done.
[0021]
The boron compound content is 0.001 to 1 part by weight, more preferably 0.001 to 0.5 part by weight, and particularly preferably 0.002 to 0.1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of EVOH in terms of boron. If the boron compound content is less than 0.001 part by weight in terms of boron, the addition of the boron compound cannot be expected to improve the mechanical strength, thermal stability, and interlayer adhesion of the EVOH pellets. Exceeding parts by weight is not preferable because gel and fish eyes tend to occur frequently.
[0022]
The method of incorporating a boron compound into EVOH is not particularly limited. (1) A method of directly blending a boron compound with EVOH; (2) A method of dissolving the boron compound in a solvent such as water and then mixing with EVOH; (3) Method of immersing EVOH in boron compound solution, (4) Method of blending boron compound with molten EVOH, (5) After adding boron compound solution to water / alcohol solution of EVOH, in coagulation tank And (6) a method of impregnating a porous precipitate of EVOH water / alcohol solution in a boron compound solution, etc., but in terms of more uniformly and efficiently dispersing the boron compound, The methods 5 and 6 are preferably used.
[0023]
Examples of the acetate contained in EVOH include sodium acetate, potassium acetate, calcium acetate, magnesium acetate, manganese acetate, copper acetate, cobalt acetate, and zinc acetate. Sodium acetate, potassium acetate, calcium acetate Magnesium acetate is preferably used, and the content of acetate is 0.001 to 0.05 parts by weight, more preferably 0.0015 to 0.04 parts by weight, especially 100 parts by weight of EVOH in terms of metal. Preferably in 0.002 to 0.03 parts by weight, if the content of acetate is less than 0.001 parts by weight in terms of metal, the mechanical strength, thermal stability and interlayer adhesion of EVOH pellets by addition of acetate On the contrary, if it exceeds 0.05 parts by weight, the appearance of the molded product tends to deteriorate, which is not preferable.
The method for containing EVOH with an acetate is not particularly limited, and the same method as for the boron compound can be employed.
The acetate content can be adjusted at the time of EVOH production. For example, the alkali (sodium hydroxide) used in the saponification step is neutralized with acetic acid to produce by-product acetic acid. It is also possible to adjust the amount of sodium by washing with water.
[0024]
Furthermore, the phosphoric acid compound contained in EVOH includes sodium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, tripotassium phosphate, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, diphosphate phosphate. Calcium hydrogen, tricalcium phosphate, magnesium phosphate, magnesium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium dihydrogen phosphate, zinc hydrogen phosphate, barium hydrogen phosphate, manganese hydrogen phosphate, etc., but sodium dihydrogen phosphate , Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and magnesium dihydrogen phosphate are preferably used, and the content of the phosphate compound is 0.0005 to 0.05 weight per 100 parts by weight of EVOH in terms of phosphate radical. Parts, more preferably 0.001 to 0.04 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.002 to 0.03 parts by weight. On the other hand, if the content of the phosphoric acid compound is less than 0.0005 parts by weight in terms of phosphate radical, the mechanical strength, thermal stability and interlayer adhesion of the EVOH pellet cannot be improved by adding the phosphoric acid compound. If it exceeds 0.05 parts by weight, the appearance of the molded product tends to deteriorate, such being undesirable.
There is no particular limitation on the method of incorporating the phosphoric acid compound into EVOH, and the same method of inclusion as the above boron compound can be employed.
[0025]
EVOH pellets obtained by the above drying method are widely used for molded products, and are molded into pellets, films, sheets, containers, fibers, rods, tubes, various molded products, etc. by melt molding, etc. In many cases, the pulverized product (when the recovered product is reused) or pellets are used again for melt molding.
[0026]
As the melt molding method, an extrusion molding method (T-die extrusion, inflation extrusion, blow molding, melt spinning, profile extrusion, etc.) and an injection molding method are mainly employed. The melt molding temperature is often selected from the range of 150 to 300 ° C.
The EVOH pellets are also frequently used for laminates, and are used particularly as laminates in which a thermoplastic resin layer is laminated on at least one side of a layer made of EVOH.
[0027]
In the production of the laminate, another substrate is laminated on one or both sides of the EVOH layer. As a lamination method, for example, a method of melt-extruding a thermoplastic resin on the EVOH film or sheet, Conversely, a method of melt-extruding the EVOH on a substrate such as a thermoplastic resin, a method of co-extruding the EVOH and another thermoplastic resin, and further, an EVOH film, sheet and other group obtained by the present invention. Examples thereof include a method of dry laminating a film or sheet of a material using a known adhesive such as an organic titanium compound, an isocyanate compound, a polyester compound, or a polyurethane compound.
[0028]
The other resin in the case of coextrusion is linear low density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ionomer, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid. Ester copolymers, polypropylene, propylene-α-olefin (α-olefins having 4 to 20 carbon atoms) copolymers, olefins such as polybutene and polypentene, or copolymers thereof, or these olefins alone or copolymers In a broad sense, such as those grafted with unsaturated carboxylic acids or esters thereof, polyesters, polyamides, copolymerized polyamides, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, acrylic resins, polystyrene, vinyl ester resins, polyester elastomers , Poly Examples include urethane elastomers, chlorinated polyethylene, and chlorinated polypropylene. EVOH can also be coextruded. Among these, polypropylene, polyamide, polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polystyrene, and PET are preferably used from the viewpoint of ease of coextrusion film formation and practicality of film physical properties (particularly strength).
[0029]
Furthermore, a molded product such as a film or a sheet is once obtained from EVOH pellets obtained by the method of the present invention, and another substrate is extrusion coated thereon, or a film or sheet of another substrate is used with an adhesive. When laminating, any substrate (paper, metal foil, uniaxial or biaxially stretched plastic film or sheet, woven fabric, non-woven fabric, metallic cotton, wood, etc.) can be used in addition to the thermoplastic resin.
Layer structure of the laminate, a layer of EVOH a (a 1, a 2 , ···), the other substrate, for example, a thermoplastic resin layer b (b 1, b 2, ···) that when In the case of a film, sheet or bottle, not only a / b two-layer structure, but also b / a / b, a / b / a, a 1 / a 2 / b, a / b 1 / b 2 , Any combination such as b 2 / b 1 / a / b 1 / b 2 is possible, and in the filament form, a and b are bimetal type, core (a) -sheath (b) type, core (b) -sheath ( Any combination such as a) type or eccentric core-sheath type is possible.
[0030]
The laminate is used in various shapes as it is, but it is also preferable to perform a stretching treatment in order to further improve the physical properties of the laminate, and the stretching may be either uniaxial stretching or biaxial stretching. It may be possible to obtain a stretched film or stretched sheet that has better physical properties when stretched at as high a magnification as possible and does not cause pinholes, cracks, stretch unevenness, delamination, or the like during stretching.
[0031]
As the stretching method, a roll stretching method, a tenter stretching method, a tubular stretching method, a stretching blow method, and the like, as well as a deep drawing method, a vacuum forming method, and the like that have a high stretching ratio can be employed. In the case of biaxial stretching, both a simultaneous biaxial stretching method and a sequential biaxial stretching method can be employed. The stretching temperature is selected from the range of about 80 to 170 ° C, preferably about 100 to 160 ° C.
[0032]
Thus, after stretching is completed, heat setting is then performed. The heat setting can be carried out by a known means, and the heat treatment is performed at 80 to 170 ° C., preferably 100 to 160 ° C. for about 2 to 600 seconds while keeping the stretched film in a tension state.
When using raw meat, processed meat, cheese, and the like for heat shrink wrapping, heat fixing after stretching is not performed, and the product film is used. The raw meat, processed meat, cheese, etc. are stored in the film, and 50 It heat-shrinks for about 2-300 seconds at -130 degreeC, preferably 70-120 degreeC, and heat-shrinks this film, and carries out close packaging.
[0033]
The shape of the laminate thus obtained may be any shape, and examples thereof include films, sheets, tapes, bottles, pipes, filaments, profile cross-section extrudates, and the like. In addition, the obtained laminate can be subjected to heat treatment, cooling treatment, rolling treatment, printing treatment, dry lamination treatment, solution or melt coating treatment, bag making processing, deep drawing processing, box processing, tube processing, split processing, etc. It can be carried out.
The film, sheet or container obtained as described above is useful as various packaging materials such as foods, pharmaceuticals, industrial chemicals and agricultural chemicals.
[0034]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
In the examples, “%” and “part” mean weight basis unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A methanol / water (50/50 (weight ratio)) mixed solution of EVOH [ethylene content 35 mol%, saponification degree 99.5 mol%] adjusted to a liquid temperature of 50 ° C. was maintained at 5 ° C. from the nozzle. Extruded into a water tank in a strand. After completion of solidification, the strand-like material is cut with a cutter through a take-up roller attached to the end of the water tank to obtain a pellet (1) having a diameter of 4 mm and a length of 4 mm. Further, the pellet (1) is obtained at 30 ° C. And then stirred for 4 hours to obtain EVOH pellets (2). Then, the pellets (2) were poured into 0.2% boric acid aqueous solution and stirred at 30 ° C. for 5 hours. A pellet (3) having a water content of 100 parts (relative to 100 parts of EVOH) was obtained. The boric acid content in the pellet (3) was 0.03 part (in terms of boron) with respect to 100 parts of EVOH. This pellet (3) was made into the dry pellet through the following primary drying process and secondary drying process.
<Primary drying process>
Drying was performed with nitrogen gas at 75 ° C. for 3 hours in a batch fluidized bed dryer to obtain pellets (4) having a water content of 25 parts (relative to 100 parts of EVOH). The average drying rate at this time was 25 parts / hour (hr).
[0035]
<Secondary drying process>
Next, the pellet (4) was dried with a batch-type aerated flow box dryer with nitrogen gas at 125 ° C. for 18 hours to obtain a pellet (4) having a water content of 0.3 part (based on 100 parts of EVOH) Got. The average drying rate at this time was 1.37 parts / hour (hr).
The obtained dried pellets were supplied as an intermediate layer to a multilayer extrusion apparatus equipped with a feed block 5-layer T-die, polyethylene (Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, Novatec LD LF525H), adhesive resin (Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, Modic AP 240H) 3 layers / multilayer laminate (film) of polyethylene layer / adhesive resin layer / EVOH layer / adhesive resin layer / polyethylene layer (thickness 50/10/20/10/50 μ) under the following conditions: The fisheye was measured and evaluated as follows. Further, continuous operation was performed for 96 hours, and the torque fluctuation of the EVOH extruder and the change in the film thickness of the EVOH layer at that time were evaluated.
[0036]
(Extrusion conditions)
・ EVOH extruder
Figure 0004107447
・ Polyethylene extruder
Figure 0004107447
・ Adhesive resin extruder
Figure 0004107447
[0037]
(Fisheye measurement)
The state of occurrence of fine fish eyes in the film (10 cm × 10 cm) immediately after the molding was visually observed and evaluated as follows.
◎ ... 0-3 ○ ... 4-10 △ ... 11-50 ×× 51 or more Evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
[0038]
(Torque fluctuation)
The fluctuation of the screw torque A (ampere) at the motor load (screw rotation speed: 40 rpm) of the EVOH extruder during continuous film formation was evaluated as follows.
○: Variation of less than ± 5% Δ: Variation of ± 5 to less than ± 10% ×… Variation of ± 10% or more
(EVOH layer thickness change)
A film was sampled every hour and the cross section in the MD direction was observed with a microscope, the thickness of the EVOH layer was measured, the variation ratio was determined with 20 μm as the center value, and evaluation was performed as follows.
○: Fluctuation ratio of less than ± 5% Δ: Fluctuation ratio of ± 5 to less than ± 10% × Fluctuation ratio of ± 10% or more Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the above items.
[0040]
Example 2
The same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted except that the drying temperature in the primary drying step was changed to 85 ° C., the drying time was changed to 1.5 hours, and the average drying speed was 50 parts / hour (hr). 0.3 parts (based on 100 parts of EVOH) of dried pellets were obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0041]
Example 3
The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that, in the secondary drying step, the drying temperature was changed to 115 ° C., the drying time was changed to 28 hours, and the average drying rate was changed to 0.9 parts / hour (hr). Dry pellets having a water content of 0.3 parts (based on 100 parts of EVOH) were obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0042]
Example 4
In Example 1, it processed similarly using 0.03% calcium acetate aqueous solution instead of 0.2% boric acid aqueous solution. The calcium acetate content in the pellets before drying was 0.0075 parts (calculated in terms of calcium) with respect to 100 parts of EVOH. Primary drying and secondary drying were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, and the resulting dried pellets were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0043]
Example 5
In Example 1, it processed similarly using 0.02% magnesium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution instead of 0.2% boric acid aqueous solution. Magnesium dihydrogen phosphate content in the pellets before drying was 0.018 parts (phosphate basis conversion) with respect to 100 parts of EVOH. Primary drying and secondary drying were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, and the resulting dried pellets were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0044]
Example 6
In the same manner as in Example 1, pellets (2) were obtained, and without performing boric acid treatment, the same primary drying and secondary drying as in Example 1 were performed to obtain dry pellets.
The obtained dry pellets were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0045]
Comparative Example 1
The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the drying temperature was changed to 40 ° C. and the drying time was changed to 25 hours, and the average drying rate was changed to 3 parts / hour (hr). 3 parts (relative to 100 parts of EVOH) of dried pellets were obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0046]
Comparative Example 2
In the first drying step of Example 1, the drying temperature was changed to 125 ° C., the drying time was changed to 0.14 hours, and the average drying rate was changed to 550 parts / hour (hr). 0.1 parts (based on 100 parts of EVOH) of dried pellets were obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0047]
Comparative Example 3
The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that, in the secondary drying step, the drying temperature was changed to 88 ° C., the drying time was changed to 480 hours, and the average drying rate was changed to 0.05 parts / hour (hr) Dry pellets having a water content of 1 part (based on 100 parts of EVOH) were obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0048]
Comparative Example 4
The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the drying temperature was changed to 155 ° C., the drying time was changed to 4.5 hours, and the average drying speed was changed to 5.5 parts / hour (hr). Dry pellets having a water content of 0.25 parts (relative to 100 parts of EVOH) were obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0049]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004107447
[0050]
【The invention's effect】
In the present invention, at least two steps are required when the saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer solution or the alcohol / water mixed solution is formed into a strand shape and the pellets obtained by cutting the strand are dried. In the primary drying, the average drying speed indicated by the specific formula is 5.0 to 500 parts by weight / hour (hr), and in the secondary drying, the speed is 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight. / Hr (hr), the obtained EVOH pellets are excellent in melt moldability and can be obtained with a small amount of fine fish eyes. Films and sheets for food, pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, industrial chemicals packaging It is very useful for applications such as tubes, bags and containers.

Claims (5)

エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物のアルコール溶液もしくはアルコール/水の混合溶液をストランド状に成形し、該ストランドを切断して得られたペレットを乾燥する際に、少なくとも二段階の乾燥を行い、その第一次乾燥では下記式(1)で示される平均乾燥速度を5.0〜500重量部/時間(hr)とし、第二次乾燥では該速度を0.1〜5.0重量部/時間(hr)とすることを特徴とするエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物ペレットの乾燥方法。
平均乾燥速度=(乾燥前の含水量-乾燥後の含水量)/乾燥時間(hr)・・・(1)
〔但し、上記含水量とはエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物100重量部に対する含水量(重量部)を示す。〕
When an alcohol solution of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer saponified product or a mixed solution of alcohol / water is formed into a strand shape and pellets obtained by cutting the strand are dried, at least two stages of drying are performed. In the primary drying, the average drying speed represented by the following formula (1) is 5.0 to 500 parts by weight / hour (hr), and in the secondary drying, the speed is 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight / hour. A method for drying ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer saponified pellets, characterized in that time (hr) is set.
Average drying rate = (water content before drying-water content after drying) / drying time (hr) (1)
[However, the water content refers to the water content (parts by weight) based on 100 parts by weight of the saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. ]
第一次乾燥において、乾燥前の含水量がエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物100重量部に対して25〜400重量部、乾燥後の含水量が150重量部以下であり、第一次乾燥後の含水量を第一次乾燥前の含水量より5重量部以上低くすることを特徴とする請求項1記載のエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物ペレットの乾燥方法。In the primary drying, the water content before drying is 25 to 400 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and the water content after drying is 150 parts by weight or less. The method for drying ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer saponified pellets according to claim 1, wherein the subsequent water content is lower by 5 parts by weight or more than the water content before the primary drying. エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物ペレットの含水量が第二次乾燥後で、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物100重量部に対して2.0重量部以下であることを特徴とする請求項1あるいは2記載のエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物ペレットの乾燥方法。The water content of the saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer pellet is 2.0 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer after secondary drying. Item 3. The method for drying ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer saponified pellets according to Item 1 or 2. エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物ペレット中にホウ素化合物、酢酸塩、リン酸化合物の少なくとも1つが含有されることを特徴とする請求項1〜3いずれか記載のエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物ペレットの乾燥方法。The ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer ken according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer saponified pellet contains at least one of a boron compound, an acetate, and a phosphate compound. Drying method of chemical pellets. エチレン含有量が20〜60モル%、ケン化度が90モル%以上のエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物であることを特徴とする請求項1〜4いずれか記載のエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物ペレットの乾燥方法。The ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer saponification product according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is a saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having an ethylene content of 20 to 60 mol% and a saponification degree of 90 mol% or more. A method for drying coal saponified pellets.
JP15214898A 1997-09-08 1998-05-15 Method for drying saponified pellets of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer Expired - Fee Related JP4107447B2 (en)

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JP15214898A JP4107447B2 (en) 1998-05-15 1998-05-15 Method for drying saponified pellets of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
PCT/JP1998/004007 WO1999012714A1 (en) 1997-09-08 1998-09-07 Process for preparing pellets of saponified ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer
EP98941750A EP0937557B1 (en) 1997-09-08 1998-09-07 Process for preparing pellets of saponified ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer
DE69824272T DE69824272T2 (en) 1997-09-08 1998-09-07 METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PELLETS FROM LEAKED ETHYLENE / VINYL ACETATE COPOLYMER
CA002270559A CA2270559C (en) 1997-09-08 1998-09-07 Method of producing saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer pellets
US09/297,688 US6238606B1 (en) 1997-09-08 1998-09-07 Process for preparing pellets of saponified ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer
AU89989/98A AU746789B2 (en) 1997-09-08 1998-09-07 Process for preparing pellets of saponified ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer

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