JP4882229B2 - 半導体装置およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
また、上記の半導体装置における第1金属−Sn合金層は、前記真空容器内で第1金属層上に連続的に成膜形成された第2金属層の熱処理によるSn基はんだ中への拡散成分である、第2金属を合金成分として含有する。このように、第1金属−Sn合金層に第2金属を合金成分として含有させることで、高温環境下での第1金属層とSn基はんだ層の反応を遅らせることができ、当該半導体装置の高温耐久性を高めることができる。該第2金属としては、ニッケル(Ni)、銅(Cu)、銀(Ag)、金(Au)、白金(Pt)、銀−白金合金(Ag−Pt)、銀−パラジウム合金(Ag−Pd)およびパラジウム(Pd)のいずれかが好ましい。
上記第2金属は、上記第1金属のTiもしくはSnと合金を形成する金属材料である。これら第2金属は、後述する当該半導体装置の製造方法においては、不動態皮膜を形成し易い第1金属層(Ti層)の表面酸化防止のために、第1金属層上に形成する層の材料である。上記第1金属層上に形成する第2金属の層は、はんだ付け等の熱処理によって、Sn基はんだ層中に拡散させることもできるし、上記半導体装置のように、第1金属−Sn合金層に合金成分として含有させることもできる。
10,11,10p,11p 半導体チップ
1,1p 半導体基板
2 基材
M 第1金属層
N 第2金属層
L 第3金属層
S 錫(Sn)基はんだ(層)
T1 第1金属−Sn合金層:(M−S合金)
T2 第1金属−Sn合金層:(M−S−N合金)
Claims (19)
- 鉛(Pb)を含有しない錫(Sn)基はんだを介して、半導体基板の裏面側が基材にはんだ付け接合された半導体装置であって、
前記半導体基板の裏面側において、第1金属層、第1金属−Sn合金層およびSn基はんだ層が、順次形成されてなり、
前記第1金属が、チタン(Ti)であって、
前記第1金属層が、真空容器内で成膜形成されたTi層であり、
前記第1金属−Sn合金層が、ニッケル(Ni)、銅(Cu)、銀(Ag)、金(Au)、白金(Pt)、銀−白金合金(Ag−Pt)、銀−パラジウム合金(Ag−Pd)およびパラジウム(Pd)のいずれかである第2金属を合金成分として含有し、
前記第2金属が、前記真空容器内で前記第1金属層上に連続的に成膜形成された第2金属層の熱処理による前記Sn基はんだ中への拡散成分であって、
前記第1金属−Sn合金層が、前記熱処理による前記第1金属層と前記Sn基はんだの反応によって形成されてなることを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 前記第2金属が、NiまたはAuであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1金属−Sn合金層の接合面における平均厚さが、3nm以上であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1金属−Sn合金層の接合面における平均厚さが、10nm以上であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記Sn基はんだにおけるSnの含有率が、95wt%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記Sn基はんだが、錫(Sn)、錫−銅合金(Sn− Cu)、錫−銀合金(Sn−Ag)、錫−銀−銅合金(Sn−Ag− Cu)、錫−銅−ニッケル合金(Sn−Cu−Ni)、錫−アンチモン合金(Sn−Sb)、錫−インジウム合金(Sn−In)および錫−亜鉛合金(Sn−Zn)のいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記Sn基はんだが、純Sn、Sn−(0.7wt%)Cu、Sn−(3.5wt%)Ag、Sn−(1wt%以上、3.9wt%以下)Ag−(0.3wt%以上、1.5wt%以下)Cu、Sn−(0.7wt%)Cu−(0.06wt%)Niのいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記半導体基板の裏面側と前記第1金属層の間に、アルミニウムを主成分とする第3金属層が形成されてなることを特徴とする請求項1乃至7のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第3金属が、純アルミニウム(Al)、アルミニウム−シリコン(Al−Si)、アルミニウム−シリコン−銅(Al−Si−Cu)のいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の半導体装置。
- 鉛(Pb)を含有しない錫(Sn)基はんだを介して、半導体基板の裏面側が基材にはんだ付け接合された半導体装置の製造方法であって、
前記半導体基板の裏面側に、第1金属層を、真空容器内で成膜形成する第1金属層形成工程と、
前記第1金属層上に、第2金属層を、前記真空容器内で連続的に成膜形成する第2金属層形成工程と、
前記第2金属層と前記基材の間に前記Sn基はんだを介在させて、前記半導体基板を基材上に積層する積層工程と、
前記積層体を熱処理することにより、前記第2金属層を前記Sn基はんだ中に拡散させると共に、前記第1金属層とSn基はんだを反応させて、第1金属層上に第2金属を合金成分として含有する第1金属−Sn合金層を形成する熱処理工程とを有し、
前記第1金属が、チタン(Ti)であって、前記第1金属層が、Ti層であり、
前記第2金属が、ニッケル(Ni)、銅(Cu)、銀(Ag)、金(Au)、白金(Pt)、銀−白金合金(Ag−Pt)、銀−パラジウム合金(Ag−Pd)およびパラジウム(Pd)のいずれかであり、
前記第2金属層の厚さが、50nmより大きく、750nm以下であることを特徴とする半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記第1金属層と前記第2金属層を、物理蒸着法(PVD)を用いて成膜形成することを特徴とする請求項10に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第2金属が、NiまたはAuであることを特徴とする請求項10または11に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記成膜形成における成膜前の真空度を、5×10 −4 Pa以下にすることを特徴とする請求項10乃至12のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記半導体装置の製造方法が、
熱処理により前記第1金属層と第2金属層を反応させて、前記第1金属層と第2金属層の間に第1金属−第2金属合金層を形成する中間熱処理工程を有し、
前記熱処理工程において、前記第2金属層を前記Sn基はんだ中に拡散させると共に、前記第1金属−第2金属合金層および第1金属層とSn基はんだを反応させて、第1金属層上に、前記第2金属を合金成分として含有する前記第1金属−Sn合金層を形成することを特徴とする請求項10乃至13のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記Sn基はんだにおけるSnの含有率が、95wt%以上であることを特徴とする請求項10乃至14のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記Sn基はんだが、錫(Sn)、錫−銅合金(Sn− Cu)、錫−銀合金(Sn−Ag)、錫−銀−銅合金(Sn−Ag− Cu)、錫−銅−ニッケル合金(Sn−Cu−Ni)、錫−アンチモン合金(Sn−Sb)、錫−インジウム合金(Sn−In)および錫−亜鉛合金(Sn−Zn)のいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項15に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記Sn基はんだが、純Sn、Sn−(0.7wt%)Cu、Sn−(3.5wt%)Ag、Sn−(1wt%以上、3.9wt%以下)Ag−(0.3wt%以上、1.5wt%以下)Cu、Sn−(0.7wt%)Cu−(0.06wt%)Niのいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項16に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記半導体基板の裏面側と前記第1金属層の間に、アルミニウムを主成分とする第3金属層を形成する第3金属層形成工程を有することを特徴とする請求項10乃至17のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第3金属が、純アルミニウム(Al)、アルミニウム−シリコン(Al−Si)、アルミニウム−シリコン−銅(Al−Si−Cu)のいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項18に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
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