JP4831510B2 - Energy supply-demand balance adjustment system and energy supply-demand balance adjustment method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention, hydrogen and dispersed deployed energy generating device distribution network as a substrate, centralized deployed a high efficiency motor, the energy supply-demand balancing system and the energy supply and demand balance how to adjust both the energy generation load about the.

  In recent years, energy demand has increased and interest in environmental issues has increased. In order to deal with both environmental problems and increased demand, many fuel cells with high energy use efficiency and cogeneration systems that use waste heat generated during power generation by the fuel cells for hot water supply or heating have been developed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  The fuel cells used in the cogeneration system are mainly polymer electrolyte (PEFC) type fuel cells with a maximum output of 1 KW, and reforming that generates hydrogen-rich gas from fossil fuels such as PEFC stacks and city gas. And a heat exchanger that recovers exhaust heat from the PEFC stack and reformer.

On the other hand, a combined heat and power system using a gas engine also has a very small emission of sulfur oxides and a small environmental load, so it is centrally deployed in condominiums and the like as a cogeneration system especially in urban areas. Recently, in order to achieve both the power generation efficiency and the improvement in environmental performance, a gas engine of a high power generation efficiency type with a low emission of nitrogen oxide such as a sub-chamber combustion type is becoming widespread (for example, see Patent Document 2). .
JP 2002-289212 A JP 2003-247420 A

  When the cogeneration system using the gas engine as described above is centrally deployed, the heat generation efficiency is generally higher than the power generation efficiency. Therefore, when centrally deployed in an apartment house such as a condominium, there is often a so-called “heat surplus” state that uses only electric power and does not use hot water much.

  On the other hand, when cogeneration systems using fuel cells are distributed, power generation efficiency and heat generation efficiency are equivalent, but demand for hot water increases, especially in the winter, and much hot water is used and less power is used. In many cases, a so-called “insufficient heat” state occurs. In recent years, there are examples in which a polymer electrolyte (PEFC) type fuel cell and a solid electrolyte (SOFC) type fuel cell are used together, and there are differences in the response speed, the difference in value obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency by the power generation efficiency, etc. For this reason, there are situations where it is difficult to operate most efficiently.

  Further, when trying to achieve self-sufficiency of electric power and hot water, even if the number of consumers is constant, the balance between electric power demand and hot water demand varies greatly due to fluctuations in individual lifestyles. For example, in summer, due to excessive operation of air conditioners and the like, the demand for electric power increases rapidly, while the demand for hot water decreases, and only the demand for hot water increases rapidly in winter. As described above, when a cogeneration system using a gas engine is centrally deployed, or when a cogeneration system using a fuel cell is distributed, it is difficult to balance the supply and demand balance of electric power and heat. There was a problem that there was.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an energy supply and demand balance adjustment system capable of optimally adjusting the supply and demand balance of electric power and heat as a whole system even if there is a change in the lifestyle of the consumer, and an object of the present invention is to provide an energy supply and demand balance adjustment how.

In order to achieve the above object, an energy supply / demand balance adjustment system according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a power generation means for generating electric power, and a heating means for heating a heat medium using waste heat of the power generation means. A plurality of energy generation devices connected to the power line to be transported and the heat medium piping for transporting the heat medium, and an operation instruction or a stop instruction are transmitted to the plurality of energy generation devices to control the start / stop of the energy generation device A power supply / demand balance adjustment system that adjusts the supply / demand balance between the amount of power and heat supplied from the plurality of energy generation devices and the demand amount of power and heat. One or a plurality of first energy generation devices having a higher value and one or a plurality of second energy generation devices having a heat generation efficiency higher than a power generation efficiency, It means for estimating and means for accepting a demand for demand and thermal forces, the first estimated amount of heat generated when the demand of the received power generated by one or more of the first energy generating device receives Means for calculating the total amount of insufficient heat based on the amount of heat demand and the first estimated heat amount, and calculating the operating time of one or a plurality of the second energy generation devices based on the calculated total amount of insufficient heat Means for sending the calculated operating time to one or a plurality of the second energy generation devices, and means for receiving the amount of heat used per day;
Means for accepting the amount of power used per day, means for estimating the second estimated heat generated when the received energy used is generated by one or more of the first energy generating devices, and the second estimated heat. And means for calculating a ratio between the received heat quantity and the received heat quantity, and means for calculating a first difference that is a difference between the received heat quantity and the first estimated heat quantity, and means for calculating the total amount of the shortage heat quantity. The total amount of the insufficient heat quantity is calculated by multiplying the ratio calculated by the first difference .

Further, the energy supply-demand balancing system according to the second aspect, in the first shot bright, and means for calculating the electric ratio is divided by using the amount of heat received usage amount of power with receiving, calculated heating ratio is a predetermined value It is characterized by comprising means for determining whether or not it is smaller, and means for calculating the number of operating second energy generating devices when it is determined that it is smaller.

Further, the energy supply-demand balancing system according to the third invention, a means for calculating the first or second invention, the second difference is a difference between the used amount of heat accepted and the second estimated amount of heat estimated calculation, the Means for adding the second difference to the total amount of the insufficient heat quantity and calculating an operation time of one or a plurality of the second energy generation devices.

An energy supply / demand balance adjustment system according to a fourth aspect of the present invention includes a power generation unit that generates electric power, and a heating unit that heats a heat medium using the exhaust heat of the power generation unit. A plurality of energy generation devices connected to a heat medium pipe that conveys the medium, and a control device that transmits an operation instruction or a stop instruction to the plurality of energy generation devices and controls the start and stop of the energy generation devices. An energy supply / demand balance adjustment system that adjusts a supply / demand balance between the amount of power and heat supplied from the plurality of energy generation devices and the amount of demand for power and heat, and a value obtained by dividing heat generation efficiency by power generation efficiency is predetermined One or a plurality of third energy generation devices higher than the value, and one or a plurality of fourth energy generation devices whose value obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency by the power generation efficiency is a predetermined value or less. Wherein the control device includes means for accepting a demand for power demand and heat, and means for the demand of the received power is divided by the demand for heat is calculated electric heating ratio, when made on the calculated electric ratio Means for calculating the usage ratio of the third energy generation device and the fourth energy generation device, and the calculated usage ratio of the fourth energy generation device is equal to or less than the upper limit usage ratio of the fourth energy generation device. And the third energy generation device and the fourth energy generation device are operated at the calculated usage ratio when it is determined that the usage rate is less than or equal to the upper limit usage ratio. When it is determined that the ratio is larger than the upper limit use ratio, the fourth energy generation device is operated at the upper limit use ratio.

In the energy supply-demand balance adjustment system according to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fourth aspect of the invention, the predetermined value is the heat generation efficiency of one or more third energy generation devices and one or more fourth energy generation devices. It is an average value of values divided by power generation efficiency.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an energy supply / demand balance adjustment method comprising: power generation means for generating electric power; and heating means for heating a heat medium using exhaust heat of the power generation means. A control device that transmits an operation instruction or a stop instruction to a plurality of energy generation devices connected to a heat medium pipe that conveys the medium, and controls the start and stop of the plurality of energy generation devices, generates power efficiently. One or a plurality of first energy generation devices higher than the generation efficiency and one or a plurality of second energy generation devices whose heat generation efficiency is higher than the power generation efficiency; An energy supply and demand balance adjustment method for adjusting a supply and demand balance with a demand amount, wherein the demand amount of power and the demand amount of heat are received, and the received demand amount of power is one or a plurality of the first energy generation devices. A first estimated amount of heat generated when the generated and estimated, on the basis of the demand and the first estimated heat quantity of heat received, to calculate the total amount of shortage heat, one or more, based on the total amount of the calculated insufficient heat The operating time of the second energy generating device is calculated, the calculated operating time is sent to one or a plurality of the second energy generating devices, and the amount of heat used per day and the amount of power used per day are received. , Estimating the second estimated heat generated when the received power consumption is generated by one or a plurality of the first energy generating devices, and calculating the ratio between the second estimated heat and the received used heat; In calculating the first difference, which is the difference between the received heat amount received and the first estimated heat amount, and calculating the total amount of the insufficient heat amount, the total amount of the insufficient heat amount is calculated by multiplying the ratio calculated by the first difference. calculated And wherein the door.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided an energy supply / demand balance adjustment method comprising: a power generation means for generating electric power; and a heating means for heating a heat medium using exhaust heat of the power generation means, and a power line for conveying electric power and heat An operation instruction or a stop instruction is transmitted to a plurality of energy generation devices connected to a heat medium pipe that conveys the medium, and a heat generation efficiency is increased by a control device that controls start and stop of the plurality of energy generation devices. One or a plurality of third energy generation devices whose value divided by the power generation efficiency is higher than a predetermined value, and one or a plurality of fourth energy generation devices whose value obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency by the power generation efficiency is equal to or less than a predetermined value An energy supply-demand balance adjustment method that adjusts the supply-demand balance between the amount of power and heat supplied from the power supply and the demand amount of power and heat, accepting the demand amount of power and the demand amount of heat, and the received demand amount of power as well as The electric energy ratio is calculated based on the demand amount, the usage ratio of the third energy generation device and the fourth energy generation device when the calculated electric heat ratio is reached, and the calculated fourth energy is calculated. It is determined whether or not the usage ratio of the generation device is equal to or lower than the upper limit usage ratio of the fourth energy generation device. When it is determined that the usage ratio is lower than or equal to the upper limit usage ratio, the third energy generation is performed at the calculated usage ratio. When the apparatus and the fourth energy generation device are operated and it is determined that it is larger than the upper limit use ratio, the fourth energy generation device is operated at the upper limit use ratio.

Moreover, the control apparatus which can be employ | adopted with the energy supply-and-demand balance adjustment system of this-application 1st invention can be made into the following structures. This control device is referred to as an eighth invention in this specification. A control device according to an eighth aspect of the present invention includes a power generation unit that generates electric power, and a heating unit that heats the heat medium using exhaust heat of the power generation unit, and includes a power line that transports the power and heat that transports the heat medium. In the control device that transmits an operation instruction or a stop instruction to the plurality of energy generation devices connected to the medium pipe and controls the start and stop of the energy generation device, the plurality of energy generation devices have a power generation efficiency. Including one or a plurality of first energy generation devices having a heat generation efficiency higher than a power generation efficiency, and one or a plurality of second energy generation devices having a heat generation efficiency higher than a power generation efficiency. , A means for estimating the amount of heat generated when the demand amount of the received power is generated by one or a plurality of the first energy generation devices, and based on the demand amount of the received heat and the estimated amount of heat. Shortage Means for calculating the total amount of the quantity, means for calculating the operating time of the one or more second energy generating devices based on the calculated total amount of the insufficient heat quantity, and the one or more of the second of the calculated operating times. A means for delivering to the energy generator, a means for receiving the amount of heat used per day, a means for receiving the amount of power used per day, and the one or more of the first energy generators generating the received amount of power used. The difference between the means for estimating the second estimated heat amount generated in the case, the means for calculating the ratio of the second estimated heat amount and the received used heat amount, and the received used heat amount and the first estimated heat amount. Means for calculating one difference, and the means for calculating the total amount of insufficient heat can multiply the first difference by the calculated ratio to calculate the total amount of insufficient heat .

Moreover, the control apparatus which can be employ | adopted with the energy supply-and-demand balance adjustment system of this-application 4th invention can be set as the following structures. This control device is referred to as a ninth invention in this specification. A control device according to a ninth aspect of the present invention includes a power generation means for generating electric power, and a heating means for heating the heat medium using the exhaust heat of the power generation means, and a power line for conveying electric power and heat for conveying the heat medium. In the control device that transmits an operation instruction or a stop instruction to a plurality of energy generation devices connected to the medium pipe and controls the start and stop of the energy generation device, the plurality of energy generation devices are configured to generate heat. One or a plurality of third energy generation devices whose value obtained by dividing the efficiency by the power generation efficiency is higher than a predetermined value, and one or a plurality of fourth energy whose value obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency by the power generation efficiency is equal to or less than a predetermined value Including a generating device, means for receiving the demand amount of power and the demand amount of heat, means for dividing the received demand amount of power by the demand amount of heat, and calculating the electric heat ratio, and when the calculated electric heat ratio is obtained Said third energy generator and Means for calculating a usage ratio of the fourth energy generation device and determining whether the calculated usage ratio of the fourth energy generation device is equal to or less than an upper limit usage ratio of the fourth energy generation device. And the third energy generation device and the fourth energy generation device are operated at the calculated usage ratio and determined to be larger than the upper limit usage ratio. In this case, the fourth energy generation device is operated at the upper limit use ratio.

Moreover, the computer program which can be employ | adopted with the energy supply-and-demand balance adjustment system of this invention 1st invention can be made into the following structures. The computer program is referred to herein as the first 0 invention. Computer program according to the first 0 invention, power generation means for generating a power, and a heating means for heating the heat medium by using the waste heat of the power generation unit, conveys the power line and the heat medium to carry power In a computer program executable by a control device that transmits an operation instruction or a stop instruction to a plurality of energy generation devices connected to a heat medium pipe and controls the start and stop of the plurality of energy generation devices, The plurality of energy generation devices include one or more first energy generation devices whose power generation efficiency is higher than the heat generation efficiency, and one or more second energy generation devices whose heat generation efficiency is higher than the power generation efficiency, Heat generated when the control device generates the demand amount of power and the demand amount of heat, and the received demand amount of power is generated by one or a plurality of the first energy generation devices. A means for estimating the amount, a means for calculating the total amount of insufficient heat based on the received demand for heat and the estimated amount of heat, and one or more of the second energy generating devices based on the calculated total amount of insufficient heat. Means for calculating the operating time; means for sending the calculated operating time to one or a plurality of the second energy generating devices; means for receiving the amount of heat used per day; means for receiving the amount of power used per day; A means for estimating the second estimated heat amount generated when the received power consumption amount is generated by one or a plurality of the first energy generating devices, and a ratio between the second estimated heat amount and the received heat amount is calculated. And a means for calculating a first difference that is a difference between the received heat quantity received and the first estimated heat quantity, and a means for calculating the total amount of the insufficient heat quantity calculates the ratio calculated as the first difference. Calculated to be decided to calculate the total amount of the shortage heat.

Moreover, the computer program which can be employ | adopted with the energy supply-and-demand balance adjustment system of this-application 4th invention can be made into the following structures. The computer program is referred to herein as the first first invention. A computer program according to a first aspect of the present invention has power generation means for generating electric power, and heating means for heating a heat medium using exhaust heat of the power generation means, and carries a power line and heat medium for carrying electric power. In a computer program executable by a control device that transmits an operation instruction or a stop instruction to a plurality of energy generation devices connected to a heat medium pipe and controls the start and stop of the plurality of energy generation devices, The plurality of energy generation devices include one or a plurality of third energy generation devices in which the value obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency by the power generation efficiency is higher than a predetermined value, and the value obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency by the power generation efficiency is equal to or less than the predetermined value. Including one or a plurality of fourth energy generation devices, the control device receiving power demand and heat demand , and dividing the received power demand by heat demand to obtain an electric heat ratio. Means for calculating, means for calculating a usage ratio of the third energy generation device and the fourth energy generation device when the calculated electric heat ratio is obtained, and a usage ratio of the calculated fourth energy generation device is the Means for determining whether or not it is less than or equal to the upper limit use ratio of the fourth energy generating device, and when it is judged that the means is less than or equal to the upper limit use ratio, said third energy generating device and said When the fourth energy generation device is operated and it is determined that the fourth energy generation device is larger than the upper limit use ratio, the fourth energy generation device can be made to function as means for operating the fourth energy generation device.

In the first invention, the sixth invention, the eighth invention, and the tenth invention, cogeneration using one or a plurality of first energy generation devices, for example, distributedly arranged fuel cells, whose power generation efficiency is higher than the heat generation efficiency A system, and one or a plurality of second energy generation devices having a heat generation efficiency higher than the power generation efficiency, for example, a combined heat and power system using a centrally deployed gas engine, and accepting a demand amount of power and a demand amount of heat, The amount of heat generated when the demand amount of the received power is generated by one or a plurality of first energy generation devices is estimated. Calculate the total amount of insufficient heat by subtracting the amount of heat estimated from the amount of heat demand received, calculate the operating time of one or more second energy generators based on the calculated total amount of insufficient heat, Alternatively, it is sent to a plurality of second energy generating devices. Accordingly, a hybrid system including one or a plurality of first energy generation devices whose power generation efficiency is higher than the heat generation efficiency and one or a plurality of second energy generation devices whose heat generation efficiency is higher than the power generation efficiency is configured. By operating the second energy generation device for a time required to cover the shortage of heat when the second energy generation device covers all the demand for power with the first energy generation device, A large capacity that can complement each other's power or heat, whether it is in excess or heat shortage, and can cover peak demand or peak demand It is possible to perform self-sufficiency of power and heat without providing a fuel cell or a large-capacity cogeneration system.

Further , the amount of heat used per day is received, and the ratio between the estimated amount of heat and the amount of heat used is calculated. The amount of power used per day is received, and the amount of heat generated when the received amount of used power is generated by one or a plurality of first energy generation devices is estimated. The difference between the amount of heat used and the estimated amount of heat is calculated, and the calculated difference is multiplied by the calculated ratio to calculate the total amount of insufficient heat. Thereby, based on the amount of heat used and the amount of power used per day, the time required to cover the shortage of heat with the second energy generating device when it is assumed that the first energy generating device covers all the power demand. The second energy generating device can be operated only, and the operating time of the second energy generating device can be specified without greatly changing external factors such as climate change. High capacity fuel cells that can properly complement each other's power or heat, even in a heat-deficient state, and can meet peak power demand or peak heat demand Or it becomes possible to perform self-sufficiency of electric power and heat without providing a large-capacity cogeneration system.

In the second invention, the amount of power used and the amount of heat used per day are received, and the electric heat ratio is calculated based on the received amount of power used and amount of heat used. When the calculated electrothermal ratio is smaller than a predetermined value, the number of operating second energy generating devices is calculated. Thus, by accepting the amount of electric power used and the amount of heat used per day, and calculating the electric heat ratio, if the electric heat ratio is smaller than a predetermined value, for example, 1.5, it is determined that it is a period of normal use of hot water, By calculating the optimal number of operating second energy generators, it is possible to prevent generation of useless heat and maintain a supply and demand balance between electric power and heat. When the electric heat ratio is a predetermined value, for example, 1.5 or more, it is determined that the air conditioner is operating during the summer when the amount of power demand is abnormally high, and the number of the second energy generators in operation is the minimum number. By setting it to 1, it is possible to prevent generation of useless heat.

In the third invention, the amount of heat used per day is received, the difference between the estimated amount of heat and the amount of heat used is calculated, the calculated difference is added to the total amount of insufficient heat, and the operating time of the second energy generating device is calculated. calculate. As a result, the supply and demand balance can be adjusted in consideration of the amount of residual heat, and in particular, since the time for operating the second energy generation device can be minimized, it is possible to prevent an excess heat state from occurring. It becomes possible.

Fourth invention, the seventh invention, the ninth invention, and the first first invention, a value obtained by dividing the power generation efficiency of the heat generation efficiency is high one or more third energy generating device than a predetermined value, for example, polyelectrolytes A cogeneration system using a (PEFC) type fuel cell, and one or a plurality of fourth energy generation devices in which a value obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency by the power generation efficiency is a predetermined value or less, for example, a solid electrolyte (SOFC) type fuel cell With a cogeneration system that uses electricity, accepts electricity demand and heat demand, for example, daily power consumption and heat consumption, and calculates the heat-to-heat ratio based on the received power demand and heat demand Then, the usage ratio of the third energy generation device and the fourth energy generation device when the calculated electric heat ratio is obtained is calculated. When the calculated usage ratio of the fourth energy generation device is equal to or lower than the upper limit usage ratio of the fourth energy generation device, the third energy generation device and the fourth energy generation device are operated at the calculated usage ratio, When larger than the upper limit use ratio, the fourth energy generation device is operated at the upper limit use ratio. Accordingly, a cogeneration system using one or a plurality of third energy generation devices, for example, a polymer electrolyte (PEFC) type fuel cell, in which a value obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency by the power generation efficiency is higher than a predetermined value, and the heat generation A hybrid system including a cogeneration system using one or a plurality of fourth energy generation devices, for example, solid electrolyte (SOFC) type fuel cells, whose value obtained by dividing efficiency by power generation efficiency is equal to or less than a predetermined value, The operation ratio is determined with priority given to the fourth energy generation device with higher thermal efficiency, and the third energy generation device with relatively higher power generation efficiency covers the shortage of electric power. A large-capacity fuel cell or a large-capacity combined heat and power supply system that can complement each other and can cover peak demand for electricity or peak heat demand. Without providing the Temu, it is possible to provide an immediate manner compatible cogeneration systems to variations in demand power amount and demand heat.

In the fifth invention, the heat generation efficiency is calculated based on the average value of the values obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency of the one or more third energy generation devices and the one or more fourth energy generation devices by the power generation efficiency. Determine the value of the value divided by. As a result, the fourth energy generating device having relatively higher thermal efficiency can be used even when there is a difference in power generation efficiency and thermal efficiency between manufacturers using a mixture of energy generating devices manufactured by a plurality of manufacturers. By preferentially determining the operating ratio and covering the power shortage with the third energy generator that has relatively higher power generation efficiency, it is possible to complement each other's power or heat, so that Without a large capacity fuel cell or large capacity combined heat and power supply system that can cover the demand or peak heat demand, it is possible to respond immediately to fluctuations in demand and heat demand. It becomes possible to provide a generation system.

First invention, the sixth invention, the eighth invention, and according to the first 0 invention, the power generation efficiency is the first energy generating devices high one or more than the heat generation efficiency, and than heat generation efficiency power generation efficiency A hybrid system composed of one or a plurality of high second energy generation devices is configured, and the second energy generation device covers the shortage of heat when it is assumed that the first energy generation device covers all the power demand. By operating the second energy generating device for the time required for the time, it is possible to complement each other in power or heat even in a heat excess state or a heat shortage state. It becomes possible to perform self-sufficiency of electric power and heat without providing a large-capacity fuel cell or a large-capacity combined heat and power supply system that can cover the demand amount or the peak heat demand amount.

Furthermore , based on the amount of heat used and the amount of power used per day, only the time required to cover the shortage of heat with the second energy generator when it is assumed that the first energy generator will cover all of the power demand. The second energy generating device can be operated, the operating time of the second energy generating device can be specified without significant fluctuations in external factors such as climate change, etc. Even in a heat-deficient state, a large-capacity fuel cell that can appropriately complement each other's electric power or heat and can meet peak power demand or peak heat demand, or It becomes possible to perform self-sufficiency of electric power and heat without providing a large-capacity cogeneration system.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the electric heat ratio is smaller than a predetermined value, for example, 1.5, by accepting the electric power consumption and the heat usage per day and calculating the electric heat ratio, it is a period of normal use of hot water. Therefore, by calculating the optimal number of operating second energy generators, it is possible to prevent generation of useless heat and maintain a supply and demand balance between electric power and heat. When the electric heat ratio is a predetermined value, for example, 1.5 or more, it is determined that the air conditioner is operating during the summer when the amount of power demand is abnormally high, and the number of the second energy generators in operation is the minimum number. By setting it to 1, it is possible to prevent generation of useless heat.

According to the third invention, the balance between supply and demand can be adjusted in consideration of the amount of residual heat per day, and in particular, since the time for operating the second energy generating device can be minimized, the excess heat state is It is possible to prevent the occurrence.

Fourth invention, the seventh invention, the ninth invention, and according to the first first invention, a value obtained by dividing the power generation efficiency of the heat generation efficiency third energy generator high one or more than a predetermined value, for example, high A cogeneration system using a molecular electrolyte (PEFC) type fuel cell, and one or a plurality of fourth energy generation devices in which a value obtained by dividing heat generation efficiency by power generation efficiency is a predetermined value or less, such as a solid electrolyte (SOFC) type A hybrid system composed of a cogeneration system using a fuel cell is configured, and the operation ratio is determined with priority given to the fourth energy generation device having a relatively higher thermal efficiency, and the third power generation efficiency is higher. By covering the shortage of energy with the energy generator, it is possible to complement each other's power or heat, and to cover the peak power demand or peak heat demand. It is possible to provide a cogeneration system that can respond immediately to fluctuations in the amount of power demand and the amount of heat demand without providing a large-capacity fuel cell or a large-capacity cogeneration system.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the energy generating devices manufactured by a plurality of manufacturers are mixed and used, and even if there is a difference in power generation efficiency and thermal efficiency among the manufacturers, the fourth is higher in thermal efficiency. Priority is given to the energy generation device, and the power consumption is compensated for by the third energy generation device with a relatively higher power generation efficiency. Instantly respond to fluctuations in demand and heat demand without having a large-capacity fuel cell or large-capacity combined heat and power supply system that can cover the demand for electricity during peak hours or heat demand during peak hours It is possible to provide a compatible cogeneration system.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings showing embodiments thereof.

(Embodiment 1)
Hereinafter, the energy supply-demand balance adjustment system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. In the first embodiment, a case will be described in which a combined heat and power system using a gas engine is centrally deployed in an apartment house, and at the same time a cogeneration system using fuel cells is distributed and deployed. The fuel cell to be distributed is not limited to one installed in each residence.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an energy supply-demand balance adjustment system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the energy supply-demand balance adjustment system according to the first embodiment is a first energy generation device 20, 20 that is a cogeneration system using an information processing device 10 (control device) and a fuel cell. ,... Are distributed on each floor of the apartment house, and two second energy generation devices 30 and 30 that are combined heat and power systems using gas engines are centrally deployed on the first floor.

  The first energy generation devices 20, 20,... Distributed from the first floor to the Nth floor (N is a natural number) are distributed to each residence on the floor that is deployed via the power distribution network (power line) 62. Electric power is supplied, and hot water is supplied to each residence on the floor provided through the hot water piping network 64. The second energy generation devices 30 and 30 that are centrally arranged on the first floor include a centralized distribution network 66 that connects the distribution networks 62 on each floor and a centralized piping network 68 that connects the hot water piping network 64 on each floor. In the same manner as the first energy generation devices 20, 20,..., Power is supplied to each residence on the floor provided via the power distribution network (power line) 62, and is provided via the hot water piping network 64. Supply hot water to each house on a certain floor.

  The first energy generation devices 20, 20,... And the second energy generation devices 30, 30 are connected so as to be able to transmit and receive data to and from the information processing device 10 via the communication line 100. . The information processing apparatus 10 is not limited to being installed in an apartment house, and when installed outside, is connected via a network 74 such as the Internet described later.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the first energy generation device 20 of the energy supply-demand balance adjustment system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The first energy generation device 20 includes an energy generation unit 22 that generates electric power and heat (hot water), a communication I / F 222 that performs communication control with the communication device 72, and controls the energy generation unit 22 and the communication I / F 222. The control part 221 which performs various processes including these is provided. The first energy generation device 20 can transmit the power demand (usage amount) and heat demand (usage amount) for each residence to the information processing device 10.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the first energy generation unit 22. The first energy generation unit 22 includes a fuel cell 40 such as a PEFC (solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell) or SOFC (solid electrolyte fuel cell) as a power generator, and exhaust heat generated when the fuel cell 40 generates power. Is used to simultaneously generate power and hot water (heated heating medium). The fuel cell 40 is supplied with purified hydrogen from the fuel reformer 26 and is supplied with air from the air supply device 24 to generate DC power, exhaust air, and exhaust hydrogen.

  The generated direct current power is converted into alternating current power by the conversion device 42, and is supplied (input from S, output from T) to each residence as a power consumer via the distribution board 54. The generated exhaust air is sent to the exhaust heat recovery device 44 and used to heat the water in the hot water storage tank 46. The heated hot water is supplied into each dwelling through the three-way valve 50 (input from α, output from β). The generated waste hydrogen is sent to the fuel reformer 26 via the three-way valve 30 (input from a, output from b) and reused as purified hydrogen.

  The distribution board 54 is connected to a distribution network (power line) 62. The control unit 221 controls the distribution board 54 to supply the generated power (AC power) to the distribution network 62 (input from S, output from U), or receive power from the distribution network 62 and enter the user's home. It is possible to supply (input from U, output from T).

  The three-way valve 50 is connected to a hot water pipe network (heat medium pipe) 64 via a pump 52. The control unit 221 controls the three-way valve 50 and the pump 52 to supply the generated hot water to the hot water piping network 64 (input from α, output from γ), or receive hot water from the hot water piping network 64 to each residence. Can be supplied (input from γ, output from β).

  The three-way valve 80 is connected to a gas piping network (hydrogen piping) 60 via a pressure regulator 82 (heat exchanger 84). The control unit 221 controls the three-way valve 80 and the pressure regulator 82 to supply the generated exhaust hydrogen to the gas piping network 60 (input from a, output from c), or exhaust hydrogen from the gas piping network 60. It can be received and supplied to the fuel reformer 26 through the heat exchanger 84 (input from c, output from b).

  Since the waste hydrogen is at a high temperature (70 to 100 ° C. for PEFC and 800 to 1000 ° C. for SOFC), it can be used by the heat exchanger 84 to heat the hot water in the hot water tank 46. Also, the exhaust hydrogen can be supplied to the fuel cell 40 through the fuel reformer 26 and used for power generation. Here, the heat exchanger 84 can be configured integrally with the exhaust heat recovery device 44. For example, the exhaust hydrogen received from the gas piping network 60 can be supplied from the three-way valve 80 to the fuel reformer 26 through the exhaust heat recovery device (heating means) 44.

  FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the second energy generation device 30 of the energy supply-demand balance adjustment system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The second energy generation device 30 includes a gas engine 32 that generates electric power and heat (hot water), a communication I / F 38 that performs communication control with the communication device 72, and control of the gas engine 32 and the communication I / F 38. And a control unit 36 that executes various processes. The second energy generation device 30 can transmit the power demand amount (usage amount) and the heat demand amount (usage amount) for each residence to the information processing device 10 via the communication device 72.

  In the second energy generation device 30, exhaust heat is recovered from the exhaust gas of the gas engine 32. The exhaust gas of the gas engine 32 is passed through the catalyst layer 33 and guided to a heat exchanger, for example, an exhaust gas boiler 34, for exchanging heat with the heated medium arranged on the downstream side.

  Further, a denitration device or the like for reducing nitrogen oxides may be provided between the catalyst layer 33 and the exhaust gas boiler 34. When a gas engine with a turbocharger is used as the gas engine, a turbocharger may be provided between the catalyst layer 33 and the exhaust gas boiler 34.

  FIG. 5 shows a system for conveying electric power and hot water from the first energy generation devices 20, 20,... And the second energy generation devices 30, 30 of the energy supply-demand balance adjustment system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows an example. In FIG. 5, the plurality of first energy generation devices 20, 20,... And the second energy generation device 30 are connected to a gas piping network 60, a distribution network 62, and a hot water piping network 64. Each of the first energy generation devices 20 and the second energy generation devices 30 receives and supplies exhaust hydrogen using the gas piping network 60 and receives power using the distribution network 62 by the control unit 221 or 36, respectively. And supply and receipt and supply of warm water using warm water piping network 64 can be performed.

  For example, a reception instruction (or supply instruction) transmitted from the communication unit 17 by the CPU 11 of the information processing apparatus 10 to be described later is sent to the first energy generation apparatuses 20, 20,. Based on the received instructions (or supply instructions) received by the energy generation devices 30 and 30, the control units 221, 221,..., 36 and 36 respectively supply electric power, hot water, and waste hydrogen to the distribution network 62, It is possible to receive (or supply) from the hot water piping network 64 and the gas piping network 60, respectively.

  Moreover, control part 221,221, ..., 36,36 is the usage condition of the electric power and warm water in each residence, 1st energy generation apparatus 20, 20, ..., and 2nd energy generation apparatus 30. Based on the performance related to power generation and hot water supply, etc., a shortage or surplus of power and / or heat medium based on the power and / or heat medium to be generated is determined. However, the electric power and / or heat medium to be generated also includes the electric power and / or heat medium for which demand is expected. For example, when hot water is not used using electric power, the hot water can be determined as surplus according to the amount of hot water in the hot water storage tank 46, and the electric power can be determined as insufficient according to the amount of demand. Information on the shortage or surplus of electric power and / or hot water is transmitted to the information processing apparatus 10 via the communication device 72 under the control of the control units 221, 221.

  FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the information processing apparatus 10 of the energy supply-demand balance adjustment system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The information processing apparatus 10 includes at least a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 11, a RAM 12 such as a DRAM, a storage means 13 such as a hard disk, an external storage means 14 such as a flexible disk drive and a CD-ROM drive, and an input means 15 such as a keyboard and a mouse. , An output unit 16 such as a monitor and a printer, and a communication unit 17 that controls communication with the communication network 74.

  The CPU 11 is connected to the above-described hardware units of the information processing apparatus 10 via the internal bus 18, and controls the above-described hardware units, and in accordance with various programs stored in the storage unit 13. Perform software functions. Further, the CPU 11 stores data received from the input unit 15 or the communication unit 17, a program or data read from the storage unit 13 or the external storage unit 14 in the RAM 12, and executes the program stored in the RAM 12 or calculates data. Various processes such as these are performed, and various processing results or temporary data used for various processes are stored in the RAM 12. Data such as calculation results stored in the RAM 12 is stored in the storage unit 13 by the CPU 11 and output from the output unit 16 or the communication unit 17.

  The communication means 17 of the information processing apparatus 10 determines the power demand (usage) and heat demand (usage) for each dwelling of the apartment house from the first energy generators 20, 20,. It operates as a means for receiving from the communication devices 72, 72,. The received power demand (usage) and heat demand (usage) for each residence are stored in the RAM 12 or the storage means 13 by the CPU 11. The CPU 11 calculates the operation time for operating the second energy generation devices 30 and 30, the means for calculating the shortage of heat based on the received power demand (usage) and heat demand (usage) for each house. It operates as a means for calculating and a means for transmitting the operating time to the second energy generating devices 30 and 30.

  The storage unit 13 of the information processing apparatus 10 stores performance information related to power generation capacity (maximum power generation amount, surplus power generation amount, etc.) for each energy generation device. CPU11 sets the time which operates a 2nd energy generation apparatus based on the electric power demand (usage) and heat demand (usage) for every residence mentioned above, and performance information.

  A computer program recorded on a recording medium 19 such as a CD-ROM is read from the external storage means 14 to the RAM 12 and executed by the CPU 11, or a computer program recorded on the recording medium 19 is read by the external storage means 14 and stored in the storage means 13. The CPU 11 can be operated as the above-described means by causing the CPU 11 to execute the computer program stored in the storage unit 13 and read out from the storage unit 13 to the RAM 12. Using the communication unit 17, a computer program may be received from another device connected to the network 74 and stored in the storage unit 13.

  Next, an operation control method for the energy generation apparatus using the energy supply-demand balance adjustment system according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure for controlling the operation time of the second energy generation devices 30 and 30 of the CPU 11 of the information processing device 10 of the energy supply and demand balance adjustment system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  The CPU 11 of the information processing device 10 determines the power demand (usage amount) and heat demand of each dwelling of the apartment house as the first energy generation device 20, 20,..., And the second energy generation device 30. 30 from the communication devices 72, 72,... (Step S701), the received power demand amount (usage amount) and heat demand amount (usage amount) for each residence are associated with information for identifying the residence, It memorize | stores in RAM12 or the memory | storage means 13 (step S702). The CPU 11 estimates the amount of heat generated when it is assumed that the total amount of received heat demand is covered only by the first energy generation devices 20, 20,... (Step S703).

  The heat generation amount is estimated based on the heat generation amount at the rated output of the first energy generation devices 20, 20,. Of course, it is not limited to the rated output, but may be estimated based on the amount of heat generated at the maximum output.

  The CPU 11 calculates the difference between the estimated amount of generated heat and the amount of heat demand stored in the RAM 12 or the storage means 13 to calculate the total amount of insufficient heat (step S704). For the total amount of insufficient heat, the difference between the estimated amount of generated heat and the amount of heat demand may be used as it is, or the ratio of the amount of generated heat and the amount of heat used is calculated based on the amount of heat used per day. Also good.

  In the first embodiment, the energy ratio between the generated heat amount and the heat use amount is calculated by using the heat amount used on the previous day and the power use amount used on the same day as the first energy generation devices 20, 20,. It is calculated as a ratio to the amount of heat generated when it is generated solely. Therefore, by calculating the difference between the amount of heat used on the previous day and the estimated amount of generated heat, and multiplying the calculated difference by the heat amount ratio, the total amount of insufficient heat can be calculated based on the actual amount of heat used on the previous day.

  The CPU 11 calculates the operation time of one or a plurality of second energy generation devices 30, 30,... Based on the calculated total amount of insufficient heat (step S 705), and calculates the calculated operation time as one or a plurality of second energy generation devices 30, 30. 2 are sent to the energy generating devices 30, 30,... (Step S706).

  The second energy generation devices 30, 30,... That have received the operation time start base load operation for the received operation time, and stop the base load operation when the operation time has elapsed. Therefore, the second energy generating devices 30, 30,... Are operated by operating the second energy generating devices 30, 30,... For a minimum necessary time to satisfy the insufficient heat demand. Can be used to meet the heat demand that is insufficient with only the first energy generation devices 20, 20,.

  Note that there is no residual heat amount during the initial operation, but there is a residual heat amount during the normal operation. FIG. 8 shows a processing procedure for controlling the operating time of the second energy generation devices 30 and 30 in consideration of the remaining heat amount of the CPU 11 of the information processing device 10 of the energy supply and demand balance adjustment system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a flowchart.

  The CPU 11 of the information processing device 10 determines the power demand (usage amount) and heat demand of each dwelling of the apartment house as the first energy generation device 20, 20,..., And the second energy generation device 30. .. Are received from the 30 communication devices 72, 72,... (Step S801), and the received power demand and heat demand for each house are stored in the RAM 12 or the storage means 13 in association with the information for identifying the house. (Step S802).

  The CPU 11 receives the used power amount and the used heat amount used on the previous day (step S803), and is generated when the received used power amount is generated (power generation) only by the first energy generation devices 20, 20,. The amount of generated heat is estimated (step S804). For the estimation of the amount of generated heat, the rated output of the first energy generators 20, 20,... May be used, or the maximum output may be used.

  The CPU 11 calculates the difference between the estimated generated heat amount and the received used heat amount, that is, the residual heat amount (step S805), and calculates the calculated residual heat amount and the heat demand stored in the RAM 12 or the storage means 13. The amount of insufficient heat is calculated by subtracting from the difference from the amount (step S806), and the operating time of the second energy generation devices 30, 30,... Is calculated (step S807). The CPU 11 sends the calculated operation time to one or a plurality of second energy generation devices 30, 30,... (Step S808).

  By doing in this way, for example, by using the basis for calculating the heat deficit based on the amount of heat used and the amount of power used as the result of the previous day, there is no significant fluctuation of the outside air due to climate change, and stable results The amount of insufficient heat can be estimated based on the value, and the operating time of the second energy generating devices 30, 30,... Can be calculated with higher accuracy.

  Moreover, the second energy generating devices 30, 30,... Can be operated more efficiently by controlling the number of operating units of the second energy generating devices 30, 30,. FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a procedure for calculating the number of operating second energy generation devices 30 and 30 of the CPU 11 of the information processing device 10 of the energy supply and demand balance adjustment system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 9 illustrates a case where the power consumption and heat consumption used the previous day are received as the power consumption and heat consumption per day.

  The CPU 11 accepts the used power amount and the used heat amount the previous day (step S901), and calculates the electric heat ratio r by dividing the received used power amount by the accepted used heat amount (step S902). The CPU 11 determines whether or not the calculated electrothermal ratio r is smaller than a predetermined value, for example, 1.5 (step S903).

  When the CPU 11 determines that the calculated electric heat ratio r is smaller than a predetermined value, for example, 1.5 (step S903: YES), the CPU 11 calculates the number of operating second energy generating devices 30, 30,. (Step S904). That is, since there are many opportunities to use hot water in winter or spring / autumn, the electrothermal ratio r is generally smaller than 1.5. Therefore, it becomes necessary to operate the plurality of second energy generation devices 30, 30,.

  When the CPU 11 determines that the calculated electric heat ratio r is a predetermined value, for example, 1.5 or more (step S903: NO), the CPU 11 sets the number of operating second energy generating devices 30 to “1” (step S903: NO). Step S905). That is, since there are few opportunities to use hot water in summer, the electrothermal ratio r is generally 1.5 or more. Therefore, it is sufficient to operate one second energy generation device 30.

  In this way, by changing the number of operating second energy generating devices according to the season, it is possible to prevent the amount of residual heat from being generated, and to construct a cogeneration system with high use efficiency as a whole. It becomes possible.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, one or a plurality of first energy generation devices 20, 20,... Whose power generation efficiency is higher than the heat generation efficiency, and the heat generation efficiency is higher than the power generation efficiency. When a hybrid system composed of one or a plurality of second energy generation devices 30, 30,... Is configured and it is assumed that the first energy generation devices 20, 20,. By operating the second energy generation devices 30, 30,... For the time necessary to cover the insufficient heat quantity of the second energy generation devices 30, 30,. Even in a heat-deficient state, a large-capacity fuel cell or a large-capacity fuel cell that can complement each other's power or heat and can meet the peak power demand or peak heat demand Equipped with a combined heat and power system Without it is possible to perform self-sufficiency in power and heat.

  Further, for example, by accepting the amount of power used and the amount of heat used per day, specifically the amount of power used and the amount of heat used on the previous day, and calculating the heat ratio, the heat ratio is a predetermined value, for example 1.5 If it is smaller, it is determined that it is a period of normal use of hot water, and by calculating the optimal number of operating second energy generating devices 30, 30,..., Generation of useless heat is prevented in advance. It becomes possible to maintain the supply and demand balance between electric power and heat. When the electric heat ratio is a predetermined value, for example, 1.5 or more, it is determined that the air conditioner is operating during the summer when the amount of power demand is abnormally high, and the number of the second energy generators 30 is minimized. By setting the number to 1, useless generation of heat can be prevented in advance.

  Furthermore, the balance between supply and demand can be adjusted in consideration of the amount of residual heat, and in particular, the time for operating the second energy generating devices 30, 30,. It is possible to prevent the occurrence, that is, the occurrence of excess heat.

  A simulation result when the above-described energy supply-demand balance adjustment system is embodied under the following conditions will be described. The first energy generator is a polymer electrolyte (PEFC) type fuel cell having a rated capacity of 1 kW, and the second energy generator is a gas engine having a rated capacity of 10 kW. The power generation efficiency of the first energy generation device is 42% and the heat generation efficiency is 49%. The power generation efficiency of the second energy generation device is 25% and the heat generation efficiency is 57%. It is assumed that 40 first energy generation devices and two second energy generation devices are installed.

  For the demand, the power consumption is 17.04 GJ and the heat consumption is 19.26 GJ. The heat consumption is an integrated value of consumption for three days in winter in 100 houses in the experiment.

  All devices operate ideally, i.e., respond to power generation requests without delay, and can continuously supply the required power within the capacity range. Power consumption exceeding the maximum supply will be procured from the grid power.

  The heat generated by the first energy generation device and the second energy generation device is stored in the heat storage tank, and when heat is consumed, it is used from the heat storage tank. When heat is not stored in the heat storage tank, heat is separately supplied from an auxiliary heat source.

  Table 1 shows the results of the primary energy consumption and the amount of energy procurement from the outside when the operation movable simulation is performed under the above conditions. Here, the primary energy consumption means the total amount of all fuels (primary energy) necessary for supplying demand (electric power and heat). The amount of energy procurement from the outside means the amount of grid power purchased when the first energy generation device and the second energy generation device have not been able to meet the demand with only the power and heat generated by the first energy generation device and the heat from the auxiliary heat source. This means the total amount of supply. For comparison, Case A shows the simulation results under the above conditions, and Case B shows the simulation results when the maximum supply amount of 100 kW is supplied only by the first energy generation device. The reduction rate of the primary energy consumption amount and the energy procurement amount from the outside in case A with respect to B is shown.

  As is clear from Table 1, the simulation of case A can reduce the primary energy consumption by about 16% and the amount of external energy procurement by about 65% compared to case B. The energy supply / demand balance adjustment method according to the first aspect can prevent generation of useless heat, and can also prevent generation of excessive residual heat, that is, occurrence of a heat surplus state. The effect that it became possible to supplement heat was confirmed.

(Embodiment 2)
Hereinafter, an energy supply and demand balance adjustment system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. In the second embodiment, a case will be described in which cogeneration systems using fuel cells are distributed in a housing complex. The fuel cell to be distributed is not limited to one installed in each residence, but PEFC (solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell) and SOFC (solid electrolyte fuel cell) are mixed.

  FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an energy supply-demand balance adjustment system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10, the energy supply-demand balance adjustment system according to the second embodiment is a third generation of energy that is a cogeneration system using the information processing device 10 and a PEFC (solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell). A plurality of devices 120, 120,... Are distributed on each floor of the apartment house, and fourth energy generation devices 130, 130,..., Which are cogeneration systems using SOFCs (solid oxide fuel cells), are provided. Multiple distributed on each floor of the apartment. The third energy generation devices 120, 120,... Are energy generation devices that have a relatively higher heat generation efficiency than the power generation efficiency, and the fourth energy generation devices 130, 130,. This is an energy generation device in which the dynamic power generation efficiency is higher than the heat generation efficiency.

  The third energy generators 120, 120,... Distributed on predetermined floors from the first floor to the Nth floor (N is a natural number) are arranged on the floors that are deployed via the power distribution network (power line) 62. Electric power is supplied to each dwelling, and hot water is supplied to each dwelling on the floor provided via the hot water piping network 64. The fourth energy generators 130, 130,... Distributed on the predetermined floors from the first floor to the Nth floor (N is a natural number) are also installed on the floors distributed via the power distribution network (power line) 62. Electric power is supplied to each dwelling, and hot water is supplied to each dwelling on the floor provided via the hot water piping network 64.

  The third energy generation devices 120, 120,... And the fourth energy generation devices 130, 130 can transmit and receive data to and from the information processing device (control device) 10 via the communication line 100. Connected. The information processing apparatus 10 is not limited to being installed in an apartment house, and is connected via a network 74 such as the Internet when installed outside.

  FIG. 11 (a) is a block diagram showing a configuration of the third energy generation device 120 of the energy supply-demand balance adjustment system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and FIG. 11 (b) is a diagram illustrating the implementation of the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the 4th energy production | generation apparatus 130 of the energy supply-and-demand balance adjustment system which concerns on form 2. FIG. The third energy generation device 120 includes an energy generation unit 122 that generates electric power and heat (hot water), a communication I / F 126 that performs communication control with the communication device 72, and controls the energy generation unit 122 and the communication I / F 126. The control part 124 which performs various processes including these is provided. The third energy generation device 120 can transmit the power demand amount (usage amount) and heat demand amount (usage amount) for each residence to the information processing device 10.

  Similarly, the fourth energy generation device 130 includes an energy generation unit 132 that generates electric power and heat (hot water), a communication I / F 136 that performs communication control with the communication device 72, an energy generation unit 132, and a communication I / O. And a control unit 134 that executes various processes including the control of F136. The third energy generation device 130 can transmit the power demand (usage amount) and the heat demand (usage amount) for each residence to the information processing device 10.

  FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the third (4) energy generation unit 122 (132). The third energy generation unit 122 (132) includes a fuel cell 40 such as PEFC (solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell) or SOFC (solid electrolyte fuel cell) as a power generation device. The exhaust heat is used to generate electric power and hot water (heated heat medium). The fuel cell 40 is supplied with purified hydrogen from the fuel reformer 26 and is supplied with air from the air supply device 24 to generate DC power, exhaust air, and exhaust hydrogen.

  The generated direct current power is converted into alternating current power by the conversion device 42, and is supplied (input from S, output from T) to each residence as a power consumer via the distribution board 54. The generated exhaust air is sent to the exhaust heat recovery device 44 and used to heat the water in the hot water storage tank 46. The heated hot water is supplied into each dwelling through the three-way valve 50 (input from α, output from β). The generated waste hydrogen is sent to the fuel reformer 26 through the three-way valve 80 (input from a, output from b) and reused as purified hydrogen.

  The distribution board 54 is connected to a distribution network (power line) 62. The control unit 124 (134) controls the distribution board 54 to supply the generated power (AC power) to the distribution network 62 (input from S, output from U) or receive power from the distribution network 62. It can be supplied to the user's home (input from U, output from T).

  The three-way valve 50 is connected to a hot water pipe network (heat medium pipe) 64 via a pump 52. The controller 124 (134) controls the three-way valve 50 and the pump 52 to supply the generated hot water to the hot water piping network 64 (input from α, output from γ), or receive hot water from the hot water piping network 64. It is possible to supply (input from γ, output from β) in each house.

  The three-way valve 80 is connected to a gas piping network (hydrogen piping) 60 via a pressure regulator 82 (heat exchanger 84). The control unit 124 (134) controls the three-way valve 80 and the pressure regulator 82 to supply the generated exhaust hydrogen to the gas piping network 60 (input from a, output from c), or from the gas piping network 60. It is possible to receive the waste hydrogen and supply it to the fuel reformer 26 through the heat exchanger 84 (input from c, output from b).

  Since the waste hydrogen is at a high temperature (70 to 100 ° C. for PEFC and 800 to 1000 ° C. for SOFC), it can be used by the heat exchanger 84 to heat the hot water in the hot water tank 46. Also, the exhaust hydrogen can be supplied to the fuel cell 40 through the fuel reformer 26 and used for power generation. Here, the heat exchanger 84 can be configured integrally with the exhaust heat recovery device 44. For example, the exhaust hydrogen received from the gas piping network 60 can be supplied from the three-way valve 80 to the fuel reformer 26 through the exhaust heat recovery device (heating means) 44.

  FIG. 13 shows power and hot water from the third energy generation devices 120, 120,... And the fourth energy generation devices 130, 130,... Of the energy supply and demand balance adjustment system according to the second embodiment of the invention. It is a block diagram which shows an example of the system which conveys. In FIG. 13, a plurality of third energy generation devices 120, 120,... And fourth energy generation devices 130, 130,... Are connected to the gas piping network 60, the distribution network 62, and the hot water piping network 64. Has been. Each of the third energy generation devices 120 or the fourth energy generation devices 130 receives and supplies exhaust hydrogen using the gas piping network 60 and receives power using the distribution network 62 by the control units 124 and 134, respectively. And supply and receipt and supply of warm water using warm water piping network 64 can be performed.

  For example, a reception instruction (or supply instruction) transmitted from the communication unit 17 by the CPU 11 of the information processing apparatus 10 to be described later is transmitted to the third energy generation apparatuses 120, 120,. Are received by the energy generators 130, 130,... And received by the control unit 124, 124,..., 134, 134,. In addition, it is possible to receive (or supply) waste hydrogen from the distribution network 62, the hot water piping network 64, and the gas piping network 60, respectively.

  In addition, the control units 124, 124,..., 134, 134,..., Use power and hot water in each residence, the third energy generation devices 120, 120,. Based on the power generation and hot water supply performance of the energy generation devices 130, 130,. However, the electric power and / or heat medium to be generated also includes the electric power and / or heat medium for which demand is expected. For example, when hot water is not used using electric power, the hot water can be determined as surplus according to the amount of hot water in the hot water storage tank 46, and the electric power can be determined as insufficient according to the amount of demand. .., 134, 134,... Are transmitted to the information processing apparatus 10 via the communication device 72.

  FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the information processing apparatus 10 of the energy supply-demand balance adjustment system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The information processing apparatus 10 includes at least a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 11, a RAM 12 such as a DRAM, a storage means 13 such as a hard disk, an external storage means 14 such as a flexible disk drive and a CD-ROM drive, and an input means 15 such as a keyboard and a mouse. , An output unit 16 such as a monitor and a printer, and a communication unit 17 that controls communication with the communication network 74.

  The CPU 11 is connected to the above-described hardware units of the information processing apparatus 10 via the internal bus 18, and controls the above-described hardware units, and in accordance with various programs stored in the storage unit 13. Perform software functions. Further, the CPU 11 stores data received from the input unit 15 or the communication unit 17, a program or data read from the storage unit 13 or the external storage unit 14 in the RAM 12, and executes the program stored in the RAM 12 or calculates data. Various processes such as these are performed, and various processing results or temporary data used for various processes are stored in the RAM 12. Data such as calculation results stored in the RAM 12 is stored in the storage unit 13 by the CPU 11 and output from the output unit 16 or the communication unit 17.

  The communication means 17 of the information processing apparatus 10 uses the third energy generation device 120, 120,..., And the fourth energy generation device for the power consumption and heat consumption of the previous day for each residence of the apartment house. It operates as a means for receiving from the communication devices 72, 72,. The received power consumption and heat consumption of the previous day for each residence is stored in the RAM 12 or the storage means 13 by the CPU 11. The CPU 11 is a means for calculating the electric heat ratio of the previous day based on the received electric power consumption of the previous day and the used heat amount of the previous day for each house, and the third energy generators 120, 120 when the calculated electric heat ratio is obtained. , And means for calculating the usage ratio of the fourth energy generation devices 130, 130,..., And the usage ratio of the calculated fourth energy generation devices 130, 130,. Means for determining whether or not the upper limit usage ratio is less than or equal to the upper limit usage ratio of the devices 130, 130,... , 120,..., And the fourth energy generation devices 130, 130,... And the fourth energy generation devices 130, 130,. ... to work as a means to use.

  The storage unit 13 of the information processing apparatus 10 stores performance information such as rated capacity, power generation efficiency, thermal success rate, and electric heat ratio for each energy generation device. The CPU 11 performs the third energy generation devices 120, 120,... And the fourth energy generation devices 130, 130 on the basis of the power consumption and heat consumption of the previous day for each residence and the performance information. ,... Are determined.

  A computer program recorded on a recording medium 19 such as a CD-ROM is read from the external storage means 14 to the RAM 12 and executed by the CPU 11, or a computer program recorded on the recording medium 19 is read by the external storage means 14 and stored in the storage means 13. The CPU 11 can be operated as the above-described means by causing the CPU 11 to execute the computer program stored in the storage unit 13 and read out from the storage unit 13 to the RAM 12. Using the communication unit 17, a computer program may be received from another device connected to the network 74 and stored in the storage unit 13.

  Next, an operation control method of the energy generation apparatus using the energy supply and demand balance adjustment system according to the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing a procedure of operation control processing of the CPU 11 of the information processing apparatus 10 of the energy supply-demand balance adjustment system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

  The CPU 11 of the information processing apparatus 10 determines the rated capacity, power generation efficiency, and heat generation efficiency of the third energy generation devices 120, 120,... And the fourth energy generation devices 130, 130,. Are received from the communication devices 72, 72,... Of the energy generation devices 120, 120,... And the fourth energy generation devices 130, 130 (step S1501), and the power generation efficiency and heat of the plurality of received energy generation devices. Based on the generation efficiency, a value obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency by the power generation efficiency is calculated for each energy generation device (step S1502).

  In addition, when the models of various manufacturers are mixed in the installed energy generation device, PEFC (solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell) and SOFC (solid electrolyte fuel cell) are mixed, or either In the case where it is unevenly distributed, the CPU 11 calculates a value obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency by the power generation efficiency for each energy generation device based on the power generation efficiency and heat generation efficiency of the plurality of energy generation devices received. It is determined whether the value obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency by the power generation efficiency is greater than a predetermined value. Then, the energy generation device determined by the CPU 11 to be larger than the predetermined value is referred to as a third energy generation device, and the energy generation device that is equal to or less than the predetermined value is referred to as a fourth energy generation device.

  In addition, a predetermined value that is an index for determining whether the energy generation device is the third energy generation device or the fourth energy generation device may be designated by the user via the input unit 14, or the energy generation device. An average value of values obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency calculated for each power generation efficiency may be used.

  The CPU 11 identifies the energy generation device by dividing the calculated heat generation efficiency of the third energy generation device 120, 120,... And the fourth energy generation device 130, 130,. The information is stored in the RAM 12 or the storage unit 13 in association with the information to be performed (step S1503), and the power demand and heat demand for each residence are received (step S1504) and stored in the RAM 12 or the storage unit 13 (step S1505). In the second embodiment, the amount of power used and the amount of heat used on the previous day are received as the amount of power used and the amount of heat used per day for each residence. The CPU 11 calculates a demand-electric-heat ratio based on the received power demand and heat demand (step S1506), and stores the calculated demand-electric-heat ratio in the RAM 12 or the storage means 13 in association with information for identifying a residence. To do.

  Note that the calculation of the demand-to-heat ratio is not limited to using the power consumption of the previous day for each residence and the heat consumption of the previous day. For example, when the previous day is a peculiar day such as the year-end and New Year holidays, during consecutive holidays, or immediately after that, there is a possibility that the power consumption and the heat consumption are peculiar amounts. Therefore, in order to accurately reflect the normal demand trend, the power demand and heat demand for a certain period, for example, one week, one month, etc. are measured and accumulated, the average value is calculated, The demand-to-heat ratio may be calculated by dividing the average value of the demand power amount by the average value of the demand heat amount per day.

  The CPU 11 uses the third energy generation devices 120, 120,... And the fourth energy generation devices 130, 130,... When the demand electric heat ratio is stored in the RAM 12 or the storage means 13. Is calculated (step S1507). That is, the usage ratio of the third energy generation devices 120, 120,... Is (1-α), the usage ratio of the fourth energy generation devices 130, 130,. Calculate α included.

(Equation 1)
Demand electric heat ratio = (1−α) × (value obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency of the third energy generation device by the power generation efficiency) + α × (value obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency of the fourth energy generation device by the power generation efficiency)

  However, the range in which (Equation 1) can be applied is 0 ≦ α ≦ 1, and the energy supply / demand balance adjustment method described in the first embodiment is used outside this range. Further, even when the number of types of energy generating devices is greater than two, the same method can be used as long as the usage ratio of each energy generating device is determined.

  Therefore, the usage ratio α of the fourth energy generators 130, 130,... Is calculated, the number of operating units closest to the calculated theoretical value is calculated, and the remaining energy generators 120, 120,. It is preferable to control the operation so that it is covered by For example, if the third energy generators 120, 120,... And the fourth energy generators 130, 130,... Require 100 kW, the fourth energy generators 130, 130,. In some cases, only 40 kW can be output even if α is calculated to be 0.42. In addition, when the rated capacity of the fourth energy generators 130, 130,... Is 5 kW, the number of operating units is calculated as 5.6 units, but can be set to only 5 units or 6 units. Therefore, the excess and deficiency is covered by the third energy generators 120, 120,.

  FIG. 16: calculates the usage ratio based on the electric power demand amount of the 4th energy production | generation apparatuses 130,130, ... of CPU11 of the information processing apparatus 10 of the energy supply-demand balance adjustment system which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence to perform. The third energy generators 120, 120,... And the fourth energy generators 130, 130,... Are assumed to be the same type of devices, and the third energy generators 120, 120,. ... can follow the load fluctuation, and the fourth energy generators 130, 130, ... cannot be started or stopped in the middle of the day, It is only possible to operate in two stages with low output.

  The CPU 11 receives the power generation capacity at the time of low output of the fourth energy generation device 130 (step S1601), and receives the minimum amount of power used on the previous day for each residence from the communication device 72 of each fourth energy generation device 130 ( Step S1602). The CPU 11 calculates a minimum integer P1 that is greater than or equal to the demand electric heat ratio α × (maximum supply power amount / rated capacity) and a minimum integer P2 that is greater than or equal to (minimum power consumption of the previous day / power generation capacity at low output) ( In step S1603), it is determined whether P2 is smaller than P1 (step S1604).

  When the CPU 11 determines that P2 is smaller than P1 (step S1604: YES), the CPU 11 sets P1 as the total number of operating units of the fourth energy generation device 130 (step S1605). When the CPU 11 determines that P1 is greater than or equal to P2 (step S1604: NO), the CPU 11 sets P2 as the total number of operating units of the fourth energy generation device 130 (step S1606).

  The CPU 11 calculates the maximum power generation amount and the minimum power generation amount based on the calculated total number of operating units (step S1607), and subtracts the minimum power generation amount from the smaller value of the minimum power consumption or the maximum power generation amount on the previous day. A surplus power supply amount is calculated (step S1608). The maximum power generation amount is a value obtained by multiplying the rated capacity by the total number of operating units, and the minimum power generation amount is a value obtained by multiplying the power generation capacity at the time of low output by the total number of operating units.

  The CPU 11 calculates the number of fourth energy generation devices 130 operating at the rated capacity as the maximum integer P3 smaller than (supplied surplus power amount / (rated capacity−minimum power generation amount)) (step S1609). Thereby, the number of the 4th energy generation devices 130 which operate with a rated capacity, and the number of the 4th energy generation devices 130 which operate at the time of low output can be defined.

  The CPU 11 calculates the total amount of power that can be supplied by the fourth energy generators 130, 130,... (Step S1610), and uses the fourth energy generators 130, 130,. The use ratio α is calculated (step S1611). The CPU 11 determines whether or not the calculated usage ratio α is equal to or lower than the usage ratio when all the fourth energy generation devices 130, 130,... Step S1508).

  When the CPU 11 determines that it is less than or equal to the upper limit usage ratio (step S1508: YES), the CPU 11 operates the fourth energy generation device with the calculated usage ratio α (step S1509) and determines that it is greater than the upper limit usage ratio. When it does (step S1508: NO), the CPU 11 operates the fourth energy generating device in accordance with the upper limit use ratio (step S1510).

  As described above, according to the second embodiment, one or a plurality of third energy generation devices 120, 120,..., For example, a polymer, in which a value obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency by the power generation efficiency is higher than a predetermined value. A cogeneration system using an electrolyte (PEFC) type fuel cell, and one or a plurality of fourth energy generation devices 130, 130,... Whose value obtained by dividing heat generation efficiency by power generation efficiency is equal to or less than a predetermined value, for example A hybrid system consisting of a cogeneration system using a solid electrolyte (SOFC) type fuel cell is configured, and the operation ratio is determined with priority given to the fourth energy generators 130, 130,... With relatively higher thermal efficiency. In addition, the third energy generation devices 120, 120,... With relatively higher power generation efficiency can supplement each other's power or heat by covering the amount of power shortage. It is possible to respond to fluctuations in demand and heat demand without providing a large-capacity fuel cell or a large-capacity cogeneration system that can cover the peak demand or heat demand. It becomes possible to provide a cogeneration system that can respond immediately.

  A simulation result when the above-described energy supply-demand balance adjustment system is embodied under the following conditions will be described. The third energy generator is a polymer electrolyte (PEFC) type fuel cell with a rated capacity of 1 kW, and the fourth energy generator is a solid electrolyte (SOFC) type fuel cell with a rated capacity of 5 kW. A value obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency of the third energy generation device by the power generation efficiency is 0.862, and a value obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency of the fourth energy generation device by the power generation efficiency is 1.519. It is assumed that 50 units of the third energy generation device and 10 units of the fourth energy generation device are installed. Therefore, the maximum supply power amount is 100 kW, and the upper limit of the usage ratio of the fourth energy generation device is 0.5.

  For the demand, the power consumption is 11.75 GJ, the heat consumption is 10.98 GJ, and the demand-to-heat ratio is 1.07. The heat consumption is an integrated value of the consumption for three days in the autumn of 100 houses in the experiment.

  All devices operate ideally, i.e., respond to power generation requests without delay, and can continuously supply the required power within the capacity range. Power consumption exceeding the maximum supply will be procured from the grid power.

  The heat generated by the third energy generation device and the fourth energy generation device is stored in the heat storage tank, and when heat is consumed, it is used from the heat storage tank. When heat is not stored in the heat storage tank, heat is separately supplied from an auxiliary heat source.

  Table 2 shows the results of the primary energy consumption and the amount of energy procurement from the outside when the operation movable simulation is performed under the above conditions. Here, the primary energy consumption means the total amount of all fuels (primary energy) necessary for supplying demand (electric power and heat). The amount of energy procurement from the outside means the amount of grid power purchased when the third energy generation device and the fourth energy generation device have not been able to meet demand with only the power and heat generated and the heat from the auxiliary heat source. This means the total amount of supply. For comparison, Case A shows the simulation results under the above conditions, and Case B shows the simulation results when the maximum supply amount of 100 kW is supplied only by the third energy generating device. The reduction rate of the primary energy consumption amount and the energy procurement amount from the outside in case A with respect to B is shown.

  As can be seen from (Table 2), the simulation of case A can reduce the primary energy consumption by about 6.2% and the amount of external energy procurement by about 87.7% compared to case B. The energy supply and demand balance adjustment method according to the second embodiment can prevent the generation of useless heat and the generation of excessive residual heat, that is, the occurrence of an excessive heat state. The effect that it became possible to mutually complement electric power or heat was confirmed.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the energy supply-and-demand balance adjustment system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the 1st energy production | generation apparatus of the energy supply-and-demand balance adjustment system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram showing an example of the 1st energy generating part. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the 2nd energy production | generation apparatus of the energy supply-and-demand balance adjustment system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows an example of the system which conveys electric power and warm water from the 1st energy production | generation apparatus and 2nd energy production | generation apparatus of the energy supply-and-demand balance adjustment system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the information processing apparatus of the energy supply-and-demand balance adjustment system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence which controls the working time of the 2nd energy production | generation apparatus of CPU of the information processing apparatus of the energy supply-and-demand balance adjustment system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence which controls the operating time of the 2nd energy generation apparatus in consideration of the amount of residual heat of CPU of the information processing apparatus of the energy supply-demand balance adjustment system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure which calculates the operating number of the 2nd energy production | generation apparatus of CPU of the information processing apparatus of the energy supply-demand balance adjustment system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the energy supply-and-demand balance adjustment system which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. (A) is a block diagram which shows the structure of the 3rd energy production | generation apparatus of the energy supply-and-demand balance adjustment system which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention, (b) is the energy which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the 4th energy production | generation apparatus of a supply-and-demand balance adjustment system. It is a block diagram which shows an example of an energy generation part. It is a block diagram which shows an example of the system which conveys electric power and warm water from the 3rd energy generation apparatus and 4th energy generation apparatus of the energy supply-and-demand balance adjustment system which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the information processing apparatus of the energy supply-and-demand balance adjustment system which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the operation control process of CPU of the information processing apparatus of the energy supply-and-demand balance adjustment system which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence which calculates the usage ratio based on the electric power demand amount of the 4th energy generation apparatus of CPU of the information processing apparatus of the energy supply-demand balance adjustment system which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.

10 Information processing apparatus 11 CPU
12 RAM
13 storage means 17 communication means 20 first energy generation device 30 second energy generation device 60 gas piping network (hydrogen piping)
62 Distribution network (power line)
64 Hot water piping network (piping for heat medium)
72 Communication Device 120 Third Energy Generation Device 130 Fourth Energy Generation Device

Claims (7)

A plurality of power generation means for generating electric power, and heating means for heating the heat medium using the exhaust heat of the power generation means, and a plurality of power lines connected to a power line carrying the power and a heat medium pipe carrying the heat medium An energy generator of
A control device that transmits an operation instruction or a stop instruction to the plurality of energy generation devices, and controls start and stop of the energy generation devices, and
In an energy supply and demand balance adjustment system that adjusts the supply and demand balance between the amount of power and heat supplied from the plurality of energy generation devices and the demand amount of power and heat,
One or a plurality of first energy generation devices having a power generation efficiency higher than the heat generation efficiency;
One or a plurality of second energy generation devices having a heat generation efficiency higher than the power generation efficiency,
The controller is
Means for accepting demand for electricity and demand for heat;
Means for estimating a first estimated heat amount that is generated when one or a plurality of the first energy generation devices generate a received demand amount of power;
Means for calculating a total amount of insufficient heat based on the received demand for heat and the first estimated heat ;
Means for calculating an operation time of one or a plurality of the second energy generation devices based on the calculated total amount of the shortage heat;
Means for sending the calculated operation time to one or a plurality of the second energy generation devices ,
Means to accept the amount of heat used per day;
A means of accepting the amount of power used per day;
Means for estimating a second estimated heat amount generated when the received power consumption is generated by one or a plurality of the first energy generation devices;
Means for calculating a ratio between the second estimated heat amount and the received heat amount;
Means for calculating a first difference that is a difference between the received heat quantity received and the first estimated heat quantity;
The energy supply-demand balance adjustment system characterized in that the means for calculating the total amount of the insufficient heat quantity calculates the total amount of the insufficient heat quantity by multiplying the ratio calculated by the first difference . Means for calculating the electric ratio is divided by using the amount of heat received usage amount of power with receiving,
Means for determining whether the calculated electrothermal ratio is smaller than a predetermined value;
The energy supply-demand balance adjustment system according to claim 1 , further comprising means for calculating the number of operating second energy generating devices when the means determines that the energy is small. Means for calculating a second difference is a difference between the used amount of heat accepted and the second estimated amount of heat estimated calculation,
By adding the second difference to the total amount of the deficiency heat, one or more of the second energy supply according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a means for calculating the operating time of the energy generating device Balance adjustment system. A plurality of power generation means for generating electric power, and heating means for heating the heat medium using the exhaust heat of the power generation means, and a plurality of power lines connected to a power line carrying the power and a heat medium pipe carrying the heat medium An energy generator of
A control device that transmits an operation instruction or a stop instruction to the plurality of energy generation devices, and controls start and stop of the energy generation devices, and
In an energy supply and demand balance adjustment system that adjusts the supply and demand balance between the amount of power and heat supplied from the plurality of energy generation devices and the demand amount of power and heat,
One or a plurality of third energy generation devices in which a value obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency by the power generation efficiency is higher than a predetermined value;
One or a plurality of fourth energy generation devices having a value obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency by the power generation efficiency below a predetermined value, and
The controller is
Means for accepting demand for electricity and demand for heat;
Means for dividing the received demand for power by the demand for heat and calculating an electric heat ratio;
Means for calculating a usage ratio of the third energy generation device and the fourth energy generation device when the calculated electric heat ratio is obtained;
Means for determining whether or not the calculated usage ratio of the fourth energy generation device is equal to or lower than an upper limit usage ratio of the fourth energy generation device;
If it is determined by the means that it is less than or equal to the upper limit use ratio, the third energy generation device and the fourth energy generation device are operated at the calculated use ratio, and if it is determined that the upper limit use ratio is greater than the upper limit use ratio, An energy supply / demand balance adjustment system characterized in that the fourth energy generator is operated at a ratio. Wherein the predetermined value, according to claim 4, characterized in that the average of the value obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency and the power generation efficiency of one or more third energy generator and one or more of the fourth energy generator The energy supply-demand balance adjustment system described. A plurality of power generation means for generating electric power, and heating means for heating the heat medium using the exhaust heat of the power generation means, and a plurality of power lines connected to a power line carrying the power and a heat medium pipe carrying the heat medium One or a plurality of first energy generations in which the power generation efficiency is higher than the heat generation efficiency by a control device that transmits an operation instruction or a stop instruction to the energy generation devices and controls the start and stop of the plurality of energy generation devices And an energy supply-demand balance adjustment method for adjusting a supply-demand balance between the amount of power and heat supplied from one or a plurality of second energy generation devices whose heat generation efficiency is higher than the power generation efficiency, and the demand amount of power and heat Because
Accept demand for electricity and demand for heat,
Estimating a first estimated heat amount generated when the demand amount of the received power is generated by one or a plurality of the first energy generating devices;
Based on the received demand for heat and the first estimated heat , calculate the total amount of insufficient heat,
Calculate the operating time of one or a plurality of the second energy generation devices based on the calculated total amount of insufficient heat,
Sending the calculated operating time to one or more of the second energy generators ;
Accept the amount of heat used per day and the amount of power used per day,
Estimating the second estimated heat generated when the received energy consumption is generated by one or more of the first energy generating devices;
Calculate the ratio between the second estimated heat quantity and the received heat quantity used,
Calculating a first difference, which is a difference between the received heat quantity and the first estimated heat quantity,
In calculating the total amount of the insufficient heat quantity, an energy supply-demand balance adjustment method , wherein the total amount of the insufficient heat quantity is calculated by multiplying the calculated ratio by the first difference . A plurality of power generation means for generating electric power, and heating means for heating the heat medium using the exhaust heat of the power generation means, and a plurality of power lines connected to a power line carrying the power and a heat medium pipe carrying the heat medium The control device that transmits an operation instruction or a stop instruction to the energy generation device and controls the start and stop of the plurality of energy generation devices, the value obtained by dividing the heat generation efficiency by the power generation efficiency is higher than a predetermined value or The amount of power and heat supplied from one or a plurality of fourth energy generation devices whose value obtained by dividing the plurality of third energy generation devices by the heat generation efficiency by the power generation efficiency is a predetermined value or less; An energy supply and demand balance adjustment method for adjusting a supply and demand balance with a demand amount,
Accept demand for electricity and demand for heat,
Divide the received power demand by the heat demand to calculate the heat- to- heat ratio,
Calculating a usage ratio of the third energy generation device and the fourth energy generation device when the calculated electric heat ratio is obtained;
Determining whether the calculated usage ratio of the fourth energy generation device is equal to or lower than an upper limit usage ratio of the fourth energy generation device;
When it is determined that the upper limit usage ratio is less than or equal to the upper limit usage ratio, the third energy generation device and the fourth energy generation device are operated at the calculated usage ratio. An energy supply / demand balance adjustment method comprising operating a fourth energy generation device.

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