JP5049500B2 - Dehumidifying air conditioning system and dehumidifying air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a system for dehumidifying and air-conditioning air in a store where a showcase is installed.

  Conventionally, in a store such as a supermarket, a plurality of showcases are installed to display and sell products while cooling them. As this showcase, an open showcase considering the display effect of products and ease of taking out is generally used, but in such an open showcase, the inflow of moisture including moisture in the store is used. Since the amount of frost formation on the cooler increases, maintaining the freshness of products during the defrosting operation has been a problem.

Therefore, a dehumidifying air conditioning system called a desiccant air conditioner using a rotary dehumidifying device that uses a moisture adsorbing element that adsorbs moisture in the air and can be regenerated has been developed (for example, patents). Reference 1).
This dehumidification system is composed of a low temperature regeneration type dehumidification rotor, and by rotating the dehumidification rotor, moisture is adsorbed in the processing region, and the adsorbed moisture is released in the regeneration region, and a showcase And a regeneration condenser through which the high-pressure side refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit flows. After passing the air in the store through the treatment area of the rotary dehumidifier, the air is returned to the store and the regeneration air is returned to the regeneration condenser. And sequentially passing through the regeneration area of the rotary dehumidifier.
JP 2005-233528 A

  However, the conventional configuration has a large number of large heat exchangers in order to increase the operating efficiency, and the configuration of the dehumidifying air conditioning system becomes large, which increases the initial cost of the equipment and the installation space. It was getting bigger. In addition, since the cool air used for cooling inside the store easily flows into the store from the opening of the open showcase described above, the cool air inevitably accumulates under the visitor's feet (this is called cold aisle). In spite of the air conditioning in the store, there is a problem that makes the customer uncomfortable, and it has been desired to eliminate this cold aisle.

Then, the objective of this invention is providing the dehumidification air conditioning system and dehumidification air conditioner which can perform the dehumidification air conditioning of store air, eliminating the subject which the prior art mentioned above has and contributing to energy saving. .

A suction port that sucks in air in a store where a showcase is installed, a cooler that dehumidifies and cools the air sucked from the suction port, a heater that heats and air-conditions air that has been dehumidified and cooled via the cooler, and the heater A dehumidifying air conditioner having an air outlet that blows out air that has been heated and air-conditioned, and an air passage that blows dehumidified and air conditioned air blown out from the air outlet of the dehumidifying air conditioner into the store, and the cooler If a suction temperature sensor is provided on the windward side and the suction temperature detected by this sensor is higher than a predetermined value, the cooling dehumidification operation is selected to operate the cooler as an evaporator and the heater as a condenser. When the temperature is lower than the predetermined value, both the cooler and the heater are operated as a condenser, and an operation for heating air with the cooler and the heater is selected .
In this case, the dehumidified and air-conditioned air may be blown into the store through the lower area of the showcase.

A lead-out passage for deriving towards the air in the store to the dehumidifying air conditioner, branched from the outlet passage, the air in the store, by bypassing the dehumidifying air conditioner, the bypass passage for returning directly into the shop And an air amount adjusting valve that adjusts the amount of air toward the bypass passage and the amount of air toward the dehumidifying air conditioner.
In this case, the air amount adjusting valve may be a damper disposed at a branch point of the bypass path.

Further, the dehumidifying air conditioner includes the cooler and the heater in series along a wind path in a single housing, and the capacity of the cooler is set to be larger than the capacity of the heater. Also good. In addition, the dehumidifying air conditioner may include the cooler and the heater in series along a wind path in one housing, and the cooler may be disposed obliquely in the housing.
A temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the air after cooling and dehumidification is arranged between the cooler and the heater, and in the lee of the heater, and the humidity is controlled by estimating the absolute humidity from the detected value of each sensor. also not good.
Further, the dehumidifying air conditioner connects an outdoor unit having a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger, and an indoor unit having the cooler and the heater in a single casing through a pipe between refrigerant units. The outdoor heat exchanger is branched and connected to the discharge pipe and the suction pipe of the compressor via an outdoor switching valve, and the inter-refrigerant pipe is connected to the discharge pipe by a branch connection. A gas pipe, a low-pressure gas pipe branched from the suction pipe, and a liquid pipe connected to the outdoor heat exchanger, the cooler and the heater being connected to the high-pressure gas pipe and the A branch connection is made to the low-pressure gas pipe via an indoor switching valve, and the liquid pipe is connected via a refrigerant decompressor to cool the air with the cooler, and the cooling air is heated and air-conditioned with the heater. It may be possible.

Also, a dehumidifying air conditioner in which an outdoor unit having a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger, and an indoor unit having a cooler and a heater are connected by a refrigerant pipe, the suction temperature on the wind of the cooler When a suction temperature detected by the sensor is higher than a predetermined value, a cooling and dehumidifying operation for operating the cooler as an evaporator and operating the heater as a condenser is selected. When the temperature is low, both the cooler and the heater are operated as a condenser, and an operation of heating the air with the cooler and the heater is selected, and the indoor unit is placed in one housing with the cooler and the heater. May be arranged in series in order from the upstream side along the air path, and the cooler may be arranged obliquely in the casing. Further, the capacity of the cooler may be set larger than the capacity of the heater.

  In the present invention, dehumidification and air conditioning of store air can be performed while contributing to energy saving, and the initial cost of equipment and installation space can be reduced.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a dehumidifying air conditioning system 1 of the present embodiment. The dehumidifying air conditioning system 1 is installed in a supermarket, for example, and performs dehumidifying air conditioning of air in a store. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 2 denotes an open type showcase (open showcase) installed in a supermarket store. The showcase 2 includes an evaporator (for cooling the inside of the store). (Not shown) is attached. A refrigerator (not shown) for cooling the inside of the showcase 2 is connected to the evaporator, and this refrigerator is installed in a machine room outside the store. It is equipped with a compressor and condenser.

An air recovery port 5 in the store is formed in the ceiling 3 of the store, and one end 7A of an introduction path 7 formed in the back of the ceiling communicates with the recovery port 5.
The introduction path 7 extends from the back of the store to the back of the back yard, and a branch portion 7B is provided above the partition wall 10 between the store and the back yard. (Regulating valve) 9 is installed. The damper 9 has a hinge portion 9A at the base end, and the tip end thereof is freely swingable. The amount of air introduced into the original introduction path 7 and the bypass path 11 branched by the branching section 7B is adjustable. The bypass path 11 is formed along the partition wall 10 between the store and the backyard, and a blower fan 80 is installed above the bypass path 11.

  The other end 7 </ b> C of the introduction path 7 communicates with the return path 13 via the damper 90. The return path 13 is formed below the introduction path 7 formed on the back side of the back yard ceiling. The outside air introduction port 8 communicates with one end of the return path 13, and the indoor unit 15 is disposed in the middle. Has been. The indoor unit 15 is connected to an outdoor unit 19 via a unit pipe 17 composed of three pipes described later. These constitute the desiccant air conditioner 21. The indoor unit 15 is installed behind the ceiling of the backyard to save installation space.

As shown in FIG. 2, the indoor unit 15 has one housing 22, which communicates with the return path 13 and sucks air in the store where the showcase 2 is installed. The inlet 22A, the cooler 23 that dehumidifies and cools the air sucked from the inlet 22A, the heater 25 that heats and air-conditions the air that has been dehumidified and cooled via the cooler 23, and the heater 25 that is heated and air-conditioned. And a blower outlet 22B for blowing out the air that has been heated and air-conditioned.
The cooler 23 and the heater 25 are arranged in series in order from the upstream side along the air path, and the cooler 23 is arranged obliquely in the housing 22. The capacity of the cooler 23 is set larger than the capacity of the heater 25.

  A suction temperature sensor 70 is disposed in the vicinity of the suction port 22A, a first temperature sensor 71 is disposed between the cooler 23 and the heater 25, and a second temperature sensor 72 is disposed between the heater 25 and the blower 27. These temperature sensors 70, 71, 72 are connected to the controller 73. The controller 73 is responsible for overall operation control of the desiccant air conditioner 21.

As shown in FIG. 1, the air outlet 22 </ b> B of the indoor unit 15 faces the other end of the return path 13, and the other end of the return path 13 communicates with the bypass path 11, which is near the floor of the store. And communicates with the opening 31.
The opening 31 faces the lower region of the showcase 2, and the air blown out from the opening 31 pushes the cold air accumulated in the lower region of the showcase 2 into the store. In this type of showcase 2, cold air inevitably accumulates under the visitor's feet, and despite the air conditioning in the store, the customer feels uncomfortable, but in this configuration, the cold air pool is Eliminates the cold aisle.
In order to secure the air volume necessary to push out the cold air under the showcase 2, the amount of air introduced into the bypass path 11 is adjusted via the damper 9. This adjustment is performed by controlling the opening degree of the damper 9, but in the present embodiment, the air amount of the bypass path 11 and the return path 13 is set to a 2: 1 relationship.
In addition, when the inside of the store is not sufficiently ventilated and it is desired to introduce outside air, the dampers 9 and 90 are tilted in the direction of the arrow P to close the introduction path 7 and take in sufficient outside air from the outside air introduction port 8. When it is not necessary to take in outside air, the damper 90 is tilted in the direction opposite to the arrow P, and the outside air inlet 8 is closed to operate. The blower fan 80 provided in the bypass path 11 is synchronously controlled with the operation of the indoor unit 15.

FIG. 3 shows a refrigerant circuit of the desiccant air conditioner 21.
The desiccant air conditioner 21 includes the outdoor unit 19 and the indoor unit 15 connected to the outdoor unit 19 via three inter-unit pipes 17. In the outdoor unit 19, two outdoor heat exchangers 48A and 48B are connected in parallel to the discharge pipes 42 of the two compressors 47A and 47B connected in parallel via the switching valves 46A and 46B. A receiver tank 50 is connected to these outdoor heat exchangers 48A and 48B via outdoor expansion valves 49A and 49B, respectively.

  The receiver tank 50 is connected to the indoor side expansion valve 52A and the cooler (main heat exchanger) 23 via the liquid pipe 17A of the inter-unit pipe 17 and also to the indoor side expansion valve 52B and the heater. (Reheating heat exchanger) 25 is connected. The cooler 23 is connected to the high-pressure gas pipe 17B of the inter-unit pipe 17 via the first branch pipe 54A and the switching valve 55, and is connected to the unit via the second branch pipe 54B and the switching valve 56. It is connected to the low-pressure gas pipe 17 </ b> C of the intermediate pipe 17. The heater 25 described above is connected to the high-pressure gas pipe 17 </ b> B of the inter-unit pipe 17 through a branch pipe 57 and a switching valve 58. The high-pressure gas pipe 17B is branched and connected to the discharge pipes 42 of the compressors 47A and 47B, and the low-pressure gas pipe 17C is branched and connected to the suction pipe 59 of the compressors 47A and 47B. The valves are connected to the outdoor heat exchangers 48A and 48B via the valves 60A and 60B, and are connected to the suction ports (not shown) of the compressors 47A and 47B via the accumulator 61.

The operation of the present embodiment will be described with the above configuration.
(1) Operation in summer and intermediate period (including rainy season) From the predetermined time before opening the store (for example, 2 hours before) to the predetermined time after the store (for example, after 1 hour), the desiccant air conditioner 21 has a controller Under the control of 73 (FIG. 2), the cooler 23 of the indoor unit 15 operates as an evaporator, and the heater 25 operates as a condenser. That is, referring to FIG. 3, the switching valves 60A, 60B on the outdoor unit 19 side are closed, the switching valve 55 on the indoor unit 15 side is closed, and the other switching valves 46A, 46B, 49A, 49B, 56, 58 are opened. Then, the compressors 47A and 47B are started. Then, the refrigerant discharged from the compressors 47A and 47B flows into the outdoor heat exchangers 48A and 48B via the discharge pipe 42 and the switching valves 46A and 46B, as indicated by solid arrows, and is condensed here. Then, it flows into the liquid pipe 17A of the inter-unit pipe 17 through the outdoor expansion valves 49A and 49B and the receiver tank 50, and circulates from the liquid pipe 17A to the indoor side expansion valve 52A and the cooler 23. Evaporate at.

  The evaporated gas refrigerant flows into the low-pressure gas pipe 17C of the inter-unit pipe 17 via the second branch pipe 54B and the switching valve 56, and returns to the suction ports of the compressors 47A and 47B via the accumulator 61. .

  On the other hand, a part of the refrigerant from the compressors 47A and 47B flows into the high-pressure gas pipe 17B, enters the heater 25 through the branch pipe 57 and the switching valve 58, condenses here, and then expands indoors. After flowing into the valve 52B and passing through the valve 52B, it merges with the refrigerant flowing through the liquid pipe 17A at the merge point A and circulates to the cooler 23.

  In the above operation state, as shown in FIG. 1, when the air collected in the store is circulated, the air circulated through the indoor unit 15 is cooled and dehumidified by the cooler 23, and recirculated by the heater 25 located downstream thereof. It is heated and blown out from the lower area of the showcase 2 along the store floor. This blown-out air is air reheated after dehumidifying. By this cycle, the air in the store is gradually dehumidified and the amount of frost on the cooler of the showcase 2 is suppressed, so the defrosting operation time is shortened. Therefore, the conventional problem of maintaining the freshness of the product is solved. Further, since the dehumidified air is blown out from the lower region of the showcase 2, the cold air accumulated in the lower region of the showcase 2 is pushed into the store, thereby eliminating the so-called cold aisle.

  In the above configuration, humidity control is performed using the first temperature sensor 71 and the second temperature sensor 72 (see FIG. 2) without a so-called dehumidification sensor. Using the feature that the state of air after cooling and dehumidification is close to saturated air, the absolute humidity is estimated from the detection values of the first temperature sensor 71 and the second temperature sensor 72 (the temperature of the air after cooling and dehumidification). Utilizing the humidity control. Thereby, stable humidity control is realized even under high humidity conditions where the humidity sensor is likely to condense. Further, based on the temperature detected by the suction temperature sensor 70, the above-described cooling dehumidification or winter operation to be described later is selectively determined. When the suction temperature is higher than a predetermined value, the cooling dehumidification operation is selected, If it is lower than the value, winter driving is automatically selected.

In the present embodiment, since the refrigeration cycle is used for the desiccant air conditioner 21, there is no need to have a plurality of large heat exchangers in order to increase the operating efficiency compared to the conventional one, and the dehumidifying air conditioner. The system configuration can be simplified.
Therefore, the initial cost of the facility can be greatly reduced, and the indoor unit 15 and the air passage are all arranged behind the store ceiling and the backyard ceiling, and only the space where the outdoor unit 19 can be installed outdoors is secured. What is necessary is that the installation space outdoors can be reduced as compared with the conventional one.

Further, by controlling the opening degree of the damper 9 disposed on the back side of the ceiling of the backyard, it is possible to adjust the air volume necessary for pushing out the cold air at the lower part of the showcase 2. In this configuration, the air volume of the bypass path 11 and the return path 13 is set to 2: 1, but if the air volume ratio of the bypass path 11 is decreased, the dehumidifying effect is enhanced, and if it is increased, The so-called cold aisle elimination effect is enhanced.
Further, referring to FIG. 2, a cooler 23 and a heater 25 are arranged in series in order from the upstream side along the air path in one casing 22, and the cooler having the larger capacity is also provided. Since 23 is diagonally arranged in the housing 22, the height of the housing 22 can be reduced as compared with the case where the housing 23 is arranged in the vertical direction without being diagonally arranged. Therefore, an installation space can be easily secured when the height of the back of the ceiling is low. Further, since the cooler 23 is disposed obliquely in the housing 22, a large amount of wind hits the heat exchanger, the effective area is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.

(2) Winter Operation In the desiccant air conditioner 21, the cooler 23 and the heater 25 of the indoor unit 15 are both operated as a condenser. That is, referring to FIG. 4, the switching valves 46A, 46B on the outdoor unit 19 side are closed, the switching valve 56 on the indoor unit 15 side is closed, and the other switching valves 60A, 60B, 49A, 49B, 55, 58 are opened. Then, the compressors 47A and 47B are started. Then, the refrigerant discharged from the compressors 47A and 47B flows into the discharge pipe 42 and the high-pressure gas pipe 17B as shown by solid arrows, and passes through the switching valves 55 and 58 to the cooler 23 and the heater 25. Each flows in and condenses here, and then flows into the indoor expansion valves 52A and 52B. The refrigerant having passed through here flows into the liquid pipe 17A, and sequentially flows into the receiver tank 50, the outdoor expansion valves 49A and 49B, and the outdoor heat exchangers 48A and 48B, where it evaporates, and switches the switching valves 60A and 60B. Then, it flows into the suction pipe 59 and is returned to the suction ports of the compressors 47A and 47B via the accumulator 61.

In this state, as shown in FIG. 1, when the air collected in the store is circulated, the air circulated through the indoor unit 15 is heated together by the cooler 23 and the heater 25. It is blown out along the floor of the store from the bottom of the case 2.
That is, since the air is warmed by the cooler 23 and the heater 25 and then returned from the lower part of the showcase 2 to the store, the cold aisle at the lower part of the showcase 2 in winter can be eliminated. In-store dehumidification is not performed, but there is no problem because the air is dry in winter.

  In the present embodiment, since the switching valves 55 and 58 are both opened, the maximum heating state is obtained. When a moderate heating amount is sufficient, the switching valve 58 on the heater 25 side with a small capacity is closed and the switching valve 55 on the cooler 23 side with a large capacity is opened for operation. May be operated by closing the switching valve 55 on the cooler 23 side having a large capacity and opening the switching valve 58 on the heater 25 side having a small capacity.

  Note that the time indicated in the above embodiment is not limited thereto, and may be set as appropriate according to the operation status of the store and the capacity / function of the device. In addition, when the amount of heat for regeneration is insufficient in the summer or intermediate period, a separate heat source (gas burner or electric heater) may be provided. In this Embodiment, compared with a gas burner and an electric heater, the newly input energy can be reduced significantly and it can contribute to energy-saving.

  In addition, by using this desiccant air conditioner 21, it is possible to reduce the initial cost by half compared to the conventional electric desiccant air conditioner, to realize 1/6 installation space, and to secure a sufficient dehumidifying capacity of 19.5 kg / h. Became.

It is a block diagram of one embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic block diagram of an indoor unit. It is a figure which shows the flow of the refrigerant | coolant in the summer of a dehumidification air conditioning system. It is a figure which shows the flow of the refrigerant | coolant in the winter of a dehumidification air conditioning system.

Explanation of symbols

1 Dehumidifying Air Conditioning System 2 Showcase 7 Introduction Path 9 Damper (Air Volume Control Valve)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Bypass path 13 Return path 15 Indoor unit 17 Unit piping 17A Liquid pipe 17B High pressure gas pipe 17C Low pressure gas pipe 19 Outdoor unit 21 Desiccant air conditioner 22 Case 23 Cooler 25 Heater 47A, 47B Compressor 48A, 48B Outdoor heat Exchanger 49A, 49B Outdoor expansion valve 50 Receiver tank

Claims (10)

A suction port that sucks in air in a store where a showcase is installed, a cooler that dehumidifies and cools the air sucked from the suction port, a heater that heats and air-conditions air that has been dehumidified and cooled via the cooler, and the heater A dehumidifying air conditioner having an air outlet that blows out air that has been heated and air-conditioned, and an air passage that blows dehumidified and air-conditioned air blown out from the air outlet of the dehumidifying air conditioner into the store,
When a suction temperature sensor is provided on the windward side of the cooler, and the suction temperature detected by the sensor is higher than a predetermined value, the cooling dehumidifier operates the cooler as an evaporator and the heater as a condenser. When the operation is selected and lower than a predetermined value, both the cooler and the heater are operated as a condenser, and the operation for heating the air with the cooler and the heater is selected. . In the dehumidification air-conditioning system according to claim 1,
The dehumidifying and air-conditioning system, wherein the dehumidified and air-conditioned air is blown into the store through a lower area of the showcase. In the dehumidification air-conditioning system according to claim 1 or 2,
A deriving path for deriving the air in the store toward the dehumidifying air conditioner, and a bypass path branching from the deriving path, and bypassing the dehumidifying air conditioner to directly return the air in the store to the store And a dehumidifying air-conditioning system comprising: an air amount adjusting valve that adjusts an amount of air toward the bypass passage and an amount of air toward the dehumidifying air conditioner. In the dehumidification air-conditioning system according to claim 3,
The dehumidifying air conditioning system, wherein the air amount adjustment valve is a damper disposed at a branch portion of the bypass passage. In the dehumidification air conditioning system as described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4,
The dehumidifying air conditioner includes the cooler and the heater in series along a wind path in one housing, and the capacity of the cooler is set larger than the capacity of the heater. Characteristic dehumidifying air conditioning system. In the dehumidification air conditioning system as described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 5,
The dehumidifying air conditioner includes the cooler and the heater in series along a wind path in one housing, and the cooler is disposed obliquely in the housing. Air conditioning system. In the dehumidification air conditioning system as described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 6,
A temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the air after cooling and dehumidification is arranged between the cooler and the heater and leeward of the heater, and the humidity is controlled by estimating the absolute humidity from the detected value of each sensor. A dehumidifying air conditioning system. In the dehumidification air conditioning system as described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 7,
The dehumidifying air conditioner is configured by connecting an outdoor unit having a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger, and an indoor unit having the cooler and the heater in a single casing through a pipe between refrigerant units. A high-pressure gas pipe that branches and connects the outdoor heat exchanger to the discharge pipe and suction pipe of the compressor via an outdoor switching valve and that connects the inter-refrigerant pipe to the discharge pipe. And a low-pressure gas pipe branchedly connected to the suction pipe and a liquid pipe connected to the outdoor heat exchanger, and the cooler and the heater are connected to the high-pressure gas pipe and the low-pressure gas. The pipe is connected to the pipe via an indoor switching valve, and is connected to the liquid pipe via a refrigerant pressure reducer, the air is cooled by the cooler, and the cooling air can be heated and air-conditioned by the heater. Dehumidification air conditioning system characterized by that. A dehumidifying air conditioner in which an outdoor unit having a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger, and an indoor unit having a cooler and a heater are connected by a refrigerant pipe,
When a suction temperature sensor is provided on the windward side of the cooler, and the suction temperature detected by the sensor is higher than a predetermined value, the cooling dehumidifier operates the cooler as an evaporator and the heater as a condenser. When the operation is selected and lower than a predetermined value, both the cooler and the heater are operated as a condenser, and the operation for heating the air with the cooler and the heater is selected. A dehumidifying air conditioner, wherein the cooler and the heater are arranged in series in the body in order from the upstream side along the air path, and the cooler is arranged obliquely in the casing. The dehumidifying air conditioner according to claim 9,
The dehumidifying air conditioner is characterized in that the capacity of the cooler is set larger than the capacity of the heater.

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