JP5106828B2 - Oscillator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an oscillator used as a signal source of a communication device or a radar device, for example.

Typical radar apparatus, an oscillator for generating a signal of frequency F _0, a distributor for distributing a signal of frequency F ₀ generated from the oscillator into two signals of frequency F ₀ is the distribution signal distributor And a multiplier that multiplies and outputs a signal of frequency (2N) F ₀ .

Further, the radar apparatus transmits a signal having a frequency (2N) F ₀ output from the multiplier to the target as a transmission signal, and a frequency (2N) F transmitted from the transmitter and reflected by the target. a receiver for receiving a _zero signal, a mixer for mixing the received signal of the receiver a signal of frequency F ₀ is the distribution signal distributor as the local oscillation signal, the position and the relative velocity of the object from the mixed signal by mixer And a signal processor that obtains a signal necessary for obtaining.

In the general radar apparatus described above, in order to obtain a signal of frequency F _{0 and} a signal of frequency (2N) F ₀ , a distributor and a multiplier are mounted in addition to the oscillator, and the circuit configuration of the radar apparatus is Although complicated, if a push-push oscillator disclosed in Patent Document 1 below is used as an oscillator, for example, a signal of frequency F _{0 and} a signal of frequency (2N) F ₀ can be output from different terminals. The circuit configuration can be simplified.

JP 2000-223944 (paragraph 0017, FIG. 1)

Since the conventional oscillator is configured as described above, it has two oscillating units that are the same, symmetrical, and operate in opposite phases, and from the virtual ground point for the signal of the oscillation frequency F ₀ of the resonance line used as the resonator. If a signal of frequency (2N) F ₀ is taken out and the signal of oscillation frequency F ₀ is cut off, a signal of frequency F _{0 and} a signal of frequency (2N) F ₀ can be output. However, there is a problem that the signal of the frequency F ₀ cannot be sufficiently cut off with only one virtual ground point.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems. The output power of the signal having the oscillation frequency Fo output to the output terminal that outputs the signal having the frequency (2N) F ₀ is reduced, and the frequency F ₀ is reduced. purpose of the signal and the frequency (2N) to ensure the demultiplexing and signal F _0, obtained an oscillator signal of the signal and the frequency (2N) F ₀ of the frequency F ₀ can be outputted from different output terminals And

An oscillator according to the present invention includes an active element, an inductor connected between an emitter terminal of the active element and a ground , a first output terminal connected to a collector terminal of the active element, and the active element. a first open stub of non-open end between said first output terminal is connected, and a second open stub of non-open end to the base terminal of the active element is connected, the second A third open end stub whose non-open end is connected to a short circuit point for the oscillation frequency on the open end stub of the second, and a second connected to the short circuit point for the oscillation frequency on the third open end stub . The first open-ended stub has a line length corresponding to a quarter wavelength at any frequency 2N times the oscillation frequency (N = 1, 2, 3,...). The second open end stub has: The oscillation frequency has a line length longer than a quarter wavelength, and the third open-ended stub has a line length corresponding to a half wavelength at the oscillation frequency, and the first output A signal of the oscillation frequency is output from the terminal, and a signal 2N times the oscillation frequency is output from the second output terminal .

  According to the present invention, the output power of the oscillation frequency signal output to the second output terminal that outputs a signal having a frequency 2N times the oscillation frequency is reduced, and the oscillation frequency signal and the frequency 2N times the oscillation frequency are reduced. Thus, there is an effect that the signal having the oscillation frequency and the signal having a frequency 2N times the oscillation frequency can be output from different output terminals.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a block diagram showing an oscillator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the figure, a transistor 1 is an active element having a non-linear characteristic, oscillates at an oscillation frequency F ₀ , generates a signal having an oscillation frequency F ₀ (hereinafter referred to as an “oscillation frequency signal”), and an oscillation frequency. A signal having a frequency (2N) F _{0 that} is 2N times F ₀ (hereinafter referred to as a “2N-times oscillation frequency signal”) is generated. The inductor 2 is a passive element connected between the emitter terminal of the transistor 1 and the ground 3 and acting to give the transistor 1 gain at the oscillation frequency F ₀ .

  The open end stub 4 is a first open end stub connected to the collector terminal of the transistor 1, and has a line length corresponding to a quarter wavelength of the 2N-fold oscillation frequency signal generated from the transistor 1. Yes. The connection point 5 is a point connecting the collector terminal of the transistor 1 and the open-end stub 4, and is a short-circuit point of the 2N-fold oscillation frequency signal generated from the transistor 1 by the open-end stub 4. The output terminal 6 is a first output terminal provided at the connection point 5 and outputs an oscillation frequency signal generated from the transistor 1.

The open end stub 7 is a second open end stub connected to the base terminal of the transistor 1 and has a line length longer than a quarter wavelength of the oscillation frequency signal generated from the transistor 1 (the transistor 1 has an oscillation frequency F). _The line length is necessary and sufficient to cause oscillation at ₀ ). The tip portion 8 of the tip open stub 7 has a line length corresponding to a quarter wavelength of the oscillation frequency signal, and the non-tip portion 9 is connected to the base terminal of the transistor 1.

  The connection point 10 is provided between the tip portion 8 and the non-tip portion 9 of the tip open stub 7 and serves as a short-circuit point of the oscillation frequency signal generated from the transistor 1 by the tip portion 8 of the tip open stub 7. The output terminal 11 is a second output terminal provided at the connection point 10 and outputs a 2N-fold oscillation frequency signal generated from the transistor 1.

  The open end stub 12 is a third open end stub connected to the connection point 10 and has a line length corresponding to a half wavelength of the oscillation frequency signal generated from the transistor 1. The tip portion 13 of the tip open stub 12 has a line length corresponding to a quarter wavelength of the oscillation frequency signal, and the non-tip portion 14 is connected to the connection point 10 and is a quarter wavelength of the oscillation frequency signal. The line length is equivalent to

  The connection point 15 is provided between the tip portion 13 and the non-tip portion 14 of the tip open stub 12 and serves as a short circuit point of the oscillation frequency signal generated from the transistor 1 by the tip portion 13 of the tip open stub 12.

Next, the operation will be described. Transistor 1 are the active elements having nonlinear characteristics and oscillates at an oscillation frequency F _0, in addition to generating an oscillation frequency signal of the oscillation frequency F _0, 2N times the frequency (2N) F ₀ is harmonic Generates an oscillation frequency signal.

  Here, the collector terminal of the transistor 1 is connected to the open terminal stub 4 having a line length corresponding to a quarter wavelength of the 2N-fold oscillation frequency signal generated from the transistor 1. 5 is a short circuit point of the 2N-fold oscillation frequency signal generated from the transistor 1, and the 2N-fold oscillation frequency signal is totally reflected.

  Therefore, the 2N-fold oscillation frequency signal generated from the transistor 1 does not advance to the output terminal 6 side, and only the oscillation frequency signal generated from the transistor 1 is output from the output terminal 6.

  On the other hand, the open end stub 7 having a line length longer than a quarter wavelength of the oscillation frequency signal generated from the transistor 1 is connected to the base terminal of the transistor 1, and the free end 8 of the open end stub 7 is connected. Has a line length corresponding to a quarter wavelength of the oscillation frequency signal, the connection point 10 provided between the tip 8 and the non-tip 9 of the tip open stub 7 is connected to the transistor 1. It becomes a short circuit point of the generated oscillation frequency signal, and the oscillation frequency signal is totally reflected.

  Therefore, the oscillation frequency signal generated from the transistor 1 does not advance to the output terminal 11 side, and only the 2N-times oscillation frequency signal generated from the transistor 1 is output from the output terminal 11.

  Further, since the tip open stub 12 having a line length corresponding to a half wavelength of the oscillation frequency signal generated from the transistor 1 is connected to the connection point 10, the tip open stub 12 side is connected to the connection point 10. When viewed, the impedance to the oscillation frequency signal becomes infinite. Further, since the tip end portion 13 of the tip open stub 12 has a line length corresponding to a quarter wavelength of the oscillation frequency signal, it is provided between the tip portion 13 and the non-tip portion 14 of the tip open stub 12. The connecting point 15 is a short circuit point of the oscillation frequency signal generated from the transistor 1, and the oscillation frequency signal is totally reflected.

  Therefore, the oscillation frequency signal generated from the transistor 1 does not advance to the output terminal 11 side, and only the 2N-times oscillation frequency signal generated from the transistor 1 is output from the output terminal 11.

As apparent from the above, according to the first embodiment, the open-ended stub 4 having a line length corresponding to a quarter wavelength of a signal having a frequency (2N) F _{0 that} is 2N times the oscillation frequency F ₀ is provided. An output terminal 6 connected to the collector terminal of the transistor 1 and outputting a signal of the oscillation frequency F ₀ generated from the transistor 1 is provided at a connection point 5 between the collector terminal of the transistor 1 and the open-ended stub 4, and the oscillation frequency F An open-ended stub 7 having a line length longer than a quarter wavelength of the ₀ signal is connected to the base terminal of the transistor 1, and the frequency (2N) F ₀ is 2N times the oscillation frequency F ₀ generated from the transistor 1. An output terminal 11 for outputting a signal is provided at a connection point 10 located at a position corresponding to a quarter wavelength of the signal of the oscillation frequency F ₀ from the tip of the open-ended stub 7, and the signal of the oscillation frequency F ₀ is further transmitted. An output that outputs a signal having a frequency (2N) F _{0 that} is 2N times the oscillation frequency F ₀ generated from the transistor 1 by connecting the open-ended stub 12 having a line length corresponding to a half wavelength to the connection point 10. Since the terminal 11 is provided at the connection point 15 located at a position corresponding to a quarter wavelength of the signal of the oscillation frequency F ₀ from the tip of the open-ended stub 12, a frequency 2N times the oscillation frequency F ₀ (2N ) is outputted to the output terminal 11 for outputting a signal F ₀ is reduced output power of the oscillation frequency F ₀ of the signal, the 2N times of the signal and the oscillation frequency F ₀ of the oscillation frequency F ₀ frequency (2N) of the F ₀ by ensuring demultiplexing the signal, an effect of a signal of 2N times the frequency (2N) F ₀ of the signal of the oscillation frequency F ₀ and the oscillation frequency F ₀ can be outputted from different output terminals.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an oscillator according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the first embodiment described above, the open-ended stub 12 having a line length corresponding to a half wavelength of the oscillation frequency signal generated from the transistor 1 is connected to the connection point 10, and the quarter of the oscillation frequency signal is also obtained. Although the output terminal 11 is provided at the connection point 15 provided between the tip portion 13 and the non-tip portion 14 of the tip open stub 12 having a line length corresponding to one wavelength, the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the open end stub 16 having a line length corresponding to one wavelength of the oscillation frequency signal generated from the transistor 1 is connected to the connection point 10 instead of the open end stub 12. The output terminal 11 is provided at a connection point 18 provided between the tip portion 13 and the non-tip portion 17 of the open-end stub 16 having a line length corresponding to one wavelength. Here, the tip portion 13 of the tip open stub 16 is the same as that of the first embodiment, but the non-tip portion 17 provided in place of the non-tip portion 14 of the first embodiment is a quarter of the oscillation frequency signal. It has a line length corresponding to three wavelengths. It may be configured in this way, and the same effect as in the first embodiment can be achieved.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an oscillator according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. The oscillator according to the third embodiment includes two identical oscillators shown in the first embodiment, and connects the tips of the second tip open stubs to each other and connects the third connection points. Yes. Reference numerals 1a to 10a and 12a to 14a and 1b to 10b and 12b to 14b correspond to the reference numerals 1 to 10 and 12 to 14 in FIG.

  Further, the connection point 15a and the connection point 15b correspond to the connection point 15 in FIG. 1 and are the same point because they connect the connection point 15a and the connection point 15b. Further, the connection point 20 is provided between the tip 8a of the tip open stub 7a and the tip 8b of the tip open stub 7b, and the maximum voltage point (open point) of the oscillation frequency signal and the 2N-fold oscillation frequency signal. It is.

  Next, the operation will be described. The oscillator according to the third embodiment is configured to use two identical oscillators shown in the first embodiment, and the basic operation is the same as that of the first embodiment. However, the two oscillators operate in synchronization by connecting the tip open stub 8a and the tip open stub 8b via the connection point 20. Further, since the connection point 20 is the voltage maximum point (opening point) of the oscillation frequency signal and the 2N times oscillation frequency signal, the two oscillators operate around the connection point 20 in the same phase, and the output terminals 6a and 6b Only the oscillation frequency signal is output in phase.

  On the other hand, the 2N-fold oscillation frequency signal is synthesized in phase at the connection point 15a (connection point 15b) by connecting the connection point 15a and the connection point 15b, and is output from the output terminal 11.

As can be seen from the above description, according to the third embodiment, the signal of the two oscillation frequency F ₀ and the output in-phase signal having different output of 2N times the frequency (2N) F ₀ of the oscillation frequency F ₀ The effect which can be output from a terminal is produced.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
4 is a block diagram showing an oscillator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the third embodiment, two oscillators identical to the oscillator shown in the first embodiment are used, the tip open stub 8a and the tip open stub 8b are connected via the connection point 20, and the connection point 15a Although the connection point 15b is connected, the oscillator shown in the first embodiment and the oscillator shown in the second embodiment are used one by one, and the tip open stub 8a and the tip open stub 8b are connected through the connection point 20, Further, the connection point 15 and the connection point 18 may be connected. In this case, since the non-tip portion 14 and the non-tip portion 17 differ by a half wavelength with respect to the oscillation frequency signal, the oscillation frequency signal is input in phase from the connection point 10a and the connection point 10b to the connection point 15. In this case, since they are synthesized in the opposite phase at the connection point 15, the connection point 15 becomes a short circuit point with respect to the oscillation frequency signal, and the output terminal 11 outputs a signal having a frequency (2N) F _{0 that} is 2N times the oscillation frequency F _0. There is an effect that the output power of the oscillation frequency signal output to can be made smaller than the configuration shown in the third embodiment.

Embodiment 5 FIG.
5 is a block diagram showing an oscillator according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. In the oscillator according to the fifth embodiment, the open-ended stubs 8a and 8b are removed from the oscillator shown in the third embodiment, the connection point 10a and the connection point 10b are connected, and the non-tip portions 14a and 14b are further connected. One of them is removed.

  Next, the operation will be described. The basic operation is the same as in the first embodiment. However, since the connection point 10 is a short-circuit point of the oscillation frequency signal, the two oscillators operate in the opposite phase with the connection point 10 as the center, and only the oscillation frequency signal is output in the opposite phase from the output terminals 6a and 6b. The

  On the other hand, the connection point 15 becomes the voltage maximum point (open point) of the 2N-fold oscillation frequency signal, and only the 2N-fold oscillation frequency signal is output from the output terminal 11.

As is apparent from the above, according to the fifth embodiment, signals of two oscillation frequencies F ₀ output in opposite phases and a signal of frequency (2N) F _{0 that} is 2N times the oscillation frequency F ₀ are output. The effect which can be done is produced.

1 is a configuration diagram illustrating an oscillator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows the oscillator by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the oscillator by Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the oscillator by Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the oscillator by Embodiment 5 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  1 transistor (active element), 2 inductor, 3 ground, 4 tip open stub (first tip open stub), 5 connection point, 6 output terminal (first output terminal), 7 tip open stub (second tip) Open stub), 8 Tip end of tip open stub 7, 9 Non-tip portion of tip open stub 7, 10 Connection point, 11 Output terminal (second output terminal), 12 Tip open stub (third tip open stub) , 13 Tip end portions of the tip open stubs 12 and 16, 14 Non tip end portion of the tip open stub 12, 15 connection point, 16 Tip open stub (fourth tip open stub), 17 Non tip portion of the tip open stub 16, 18 Connection point, 20 connection point.

Claims (4)

An active element;
An inductor connected between the emitter terminal and the ground of the active element,
A first output terminal connected to the collector terminal of the active element ;
A first open end stub having a non-open end connected between the active element and the first output terminal;
A second open end stub having a non-open end connected to a base terminal of the active element ;
A third tip open stub having a non-open end connected to a short circuit point for an oscillation frequency on the second tip open stub;
A second output terminal connected to a short-circuit point for the oscillation frequency on the third open-ended stub ,
The first open-end stub has a line length corresponding to a quarter wavelength at any of frequencies 2N times the oscillation frequency (N = 1, 2, 3,...)
The second open-ended stub has a line length longer than a quarter wavelength at the oscillation frequency;
The third open-ended stub has a line length corresponding to a half wavelength at the oscillation frequency;
A signal of the oscillation frequency is output from the first output terminal;
An oscillator characterized in that a signal 2N times the oscillation frequency is output from the second output terminal . The oscillator according to claim 1, wherein
The line length of the third open-ended stub corresponds to one wavelength longer by a half wavelength at the oscillation frequency . Two oscillators according to claim 1,
An oscillator in which the open ends of the second open end stubs in the two oscillators are connected to each other, and the second output terminals are connected to each other . An oscillator according to claim 1 and an oscillator according to claim 2.
The line lengths of the third open-ended stubs in each of the two oscillators differ from each other by a half wavelength,
An oscillator, wherein the open ends of the second tip open stubs in each of the two oscillators are connected to each other, and the second output terminals are connected to each other .

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