JP5899358B1 - Retaining wall wall material used for retaining wall structure that can evaluate life - Google Patents
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【課題】擁壁構造の構築コストを抑えた上で、擁壁構造の安全性を確保しつつ、擁壁構造を構築した後に、簡単な目視による点検を行うことにより、擁壁壁面材に部分的に埋め込まれた連結部材の劣化に起因する寿命評価が可能な擁壁壁面材および寿命評価の方法を提供する。【解決手段】擁壁壁面材は、壁面材本体１０と少なくとも１の連結部分を備え、連結部分は、当該壁面材本体１０に部分的に埋め込まれた第１および第２の連結部材２１，２２と、第１および第２の連結部材２１，２２と連結される補強材２３と、これらを結合する結合部材とからなり、壁面材本体１０を支える水平方向荷重は、第１の連結部材２１および結合部材を介して当該補強材２３に伝達され、第１の連結部材２１が耐荷能力を失った場合に、壁面材本体１０を支える水平方向荷重は、第２の連結部材２２および結合部材を介して補強材２３に伝達されるようになっている。【選択図】図１[PROBLEMS] To reduce the cost of building a retaining wall structure while ensuring the safety of the retaining wall structure. Provided are a retaining wall wall material and a life evaluation method capable of evaluating a life due to deterioration of a connecting member embedded in a mechanical manner. A retaining wall surface material includes a wall surface material body and at least one connection portion, and the connection portion is first and second connection members 21 and 22 partially embedded in the wall surface material body. And a reinforcing member 23 connected to the first and second connecting members 21 and 22 and a connecting member that connects them, and the horizontal load that supports the wall surface main body 10 is the first connecting member 21 and When the first connecting member 21 loses its load bearing capacity through the connecting member 23 and the first connecting member 21 loses its load bearing capacity, the horizontal load that supports the wall surface main body 10 is transmitted through the second connecting member 22 and the connecting member. Then, it is transmitted to the reinforcing member 23. [Selection] Figure 1
Description
本発明は、道路工事、河川工事、護岸工事、土地造成工事等における擁壁構造に使用する擁壁壁面材にかかり、更に詳細には、擁壁構造を構築した後の寿命評価が可能な擁壁壁面材および寿命評価の方法にかかる。 The present invention relates to a retaining wall surface material used for retaining wall structures in road construction, river construction, revetment construction, land preparation construction, etc., and more specifically, a retaining structure capable of evaluating the life after the retaining wall structure is constructed. It depends on the wall surface material and life evaluation method.
道路工事、河川工事、護岸工事、土地造成工事等における擁壁構造を構築する工法として補強土工法がある。
補強土工法は、法面に当接した擁壁壁面材に部分的に埋め込まれた連結部材と帯状の補強材を結合し、この帯状の補強材を擁壁の内面側に設ける盛土層に挟み込み、この盛土層を転圧することによって、盛土と補強材の間に摩擦力を発生させ、この摩擦力により擁壁壁面材を切土側または盛土側に引張って擁壁構造を安定化させるものである。
There is a reinforced earth method as a method of building a retaining wall structure in road construction, river construction, revetment construction, land preparation construction, etc.
In the reinforced earth method, a connecting member partially embedded in a retaining wall wall material in contact with the slope is combined with a band-shaped reinforcing material, and the band-shaped reinforcing material is sandwiched between embankment layers provided on the inner surface side of the retaining wall. By rolling this embankment layer, friction force is generated between the embankment and the reinforcing material, and this retaining force stabilizes the retaining wall structure by pulling the retaining wall material to the cut side or embankment side. is there.
補強土工法は、上述したような工法を採用しているため、垂直又は垂直に近い擁壁構造を構築することができるため、用地の有効利用を図ることができると共に、用地に余裕のない河川脇の道路新設や拡幅にも最適な工法として広く採用されてきている。 Since the reinforced earth method employs the method described above, a vertical or nearly vertical retaining wall structure can be constructed, so that the site can be used effectively and a river with no margin in the site. It has been widely adopted as an optimal method for the construction and widening of side roads.
なお、補強土工法では、一般に擁壁壁面材に部分的に埋め込まれた連結部材は鉄鋼材料である。 従って、擁壁壁面材から露出した連結部材は盛土中に埋設された状態で長期に亘って維持されるため、盛土中に埋設された部分は、酸化による腐食が進行し易い。 これまでの経験によれば、擁壁壁面材から露出した連結部材の、擁壁壁面材側付け根付近が最も激しく腐食することが観察されている。 In the reinforced earth method, the connecting member partially embedded in the retaining wall surface material is generally a steel material. Accordingly, since the connecting member exposed from the retaining wall surface material is maintained for a long time in a state of being embedded in the embankment, the portion embedded in the embankment is likely to undergo corrosion due to oxidation. According to the experience so far, it has been observed that the connection member exposed from the retaining wall surface material is most severely corroded near the retaining wall surface material side root.
このような補強土工法を採用した壁面構造においては、連結部材が腐食により破断した場合には、長期に亘って擁壁構造を安定的に維持することができなくなることが想定される。 In the wall surface structure employing such a reinforced earth method, it is assumed that the retaining wall structure cannot be stably maintained over a long period when the connecting member breaks due to corrosion.
また、連結部材が腐食により破断するといった異常については、擁壁構造の外部からの診断によって検知することができなかった。 Further, the abnormality that the connecting member breaks due to corrosion cannot be detected by diagnosis from the outside of the retaining wall structure.
このような問題を解決するために、特許文献１では、スキンプレートに連結させた金属製の帯材の腐食を抑えて耐久性を向上させるために、法面の外に一定厚さに亘って、あるいは法面より一定の深さに亘って金属類の腐食を回避する非酸化材料層を設けるようにしている。
In order to solve such a problem, in Patent Document 1, in order to suppress the corrosion of the metal strip connected to the skin plate and improve the durability, it extends over a certain thickness outside the slope. Alternatively, a non-oxidized material layer that avoids corrosion of metals over a certain depth from the slope is provided.
しかしながら、特許文献１が開示する発明では、法面の外に一定厚さに亘って、あるいは法面より一定の深さに亘って金属類の腐食を回避する非酸化材料層を設けるようにしているため、擁壁構造のコストが高くなってしまうことに加え、連結金属類の腐食による劣化の状況を予め検知することができないという問題があった。 However, in the invention disclosed in Patent Document 1, a non-oxidized material layer that avoids corrosion of metals over a certain thickness outside the slope or over a certain depth from the slope is provided. As a result, the cost of the retaining wall structure is increased, and in addition, there is a problem that it is impossible to detect in advance the state of deterioration due to corrosion of the connecting metals.
本発明は上述したような事情に鑑みなされたものであって、擁壁構造の構築コストを抑えた上で、擁壁構造の安全性を確保しつつ、擁壁構造を構築した後に、簡単な目視による点検を行うことにより、擁壁壁面材に部分的に埋め込まれた連結部材の劣化に起因する寿命評価が可能な擁壁壁面材および寿命評価の方法を提供することを課題とするものである。
The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and after reducing the construction cost of the retaining wall structure and securing the safety of the retaining wall structure, By carrying out visual inspection, it is an object to provide a retaining wall surface material and a method for evaluating the life that can evaluate the life due to deterioration of the connecting member partially embedded in the retaining wall surface material. is there.
上述した課題を解決するため、第１の観点にかかる発明では、寿命評価可能な擁壁構造に使用する擁壁壁面材であって、
パネル状の壁面材本体と、当該壁面材本体の裏面側に設けられた少なくとも１の連結部分を備え、当該連結部分は、
当該壁面材本体に部分的に埋め込まれた第１の連結部材と、
当該壁面材本体に部分的に埋め込まれ、第１の連結部材に隣接して配置された第２の連結部材と、
当該第１および第２の連結部材と連結される補強材と、
当該第１および第２の連結部材と当該補強材とを結合する結合部材とからなり、
(a) 当該第１の連結部材と補強材には、当該結合部材に適合する丸孔が設けられており、当該第２の連結部材には、当該結合部材が挿入可能な長孔、楕円孔、又は大径の孔が設けられているか、あるいは
(b) 当該第２の連結部材、及び／又は、当該第２の連結部材に結合されるワイヤ状の補強材が部分的に撓ませて配置されているか、あるいは
(c) 当該第２の連結部材、及び／又は、当該第２の連結部材に結合される補強材の弾性率を、当該第１の連結部材、および当該第１の連結部材に結合される補強材の弾性率とそれぞれ異なった弾性率に設定する、
ことにより、
当該第１の連結部材が耐荷能力を失う前の段階では、当該壁面材本体を支える水平方向荷重は、当該第１の連結部材および結合部材を介してのみ当該補強材に伝達され、
当該第１の連結部材が耐荷能力を失った後の段階では、当該壁面材本体を支える水平方向荷重は、当該第２の連結部材および結合部材を介して当該補強材に伝達されるようになっている構成の擁壁壁面材とした。
In order to solve the above-described problem, the invention according to the first aspect is a retaining wall material used for a retaining wall structure capable of evaluating life,
A panel-shaped wall material body and at least one connecting portion provided on the back side of the wall material body,
A first connecting member partially embedded in the wall material body;
A second connecting member partially embedded in the wall material body and disposed adjacent to the first connecting member;
A reinforcing member connected to the first and second connecting members;
The first and second connecting members and a connecting member that connects the reinforcing material,
(a) The first connecting member and the reinforcing member are provided with a round hole that fits the connecting member, and the second connecting member has a long hole or an elliptical hole into which the connecting member can be inserted. Or a large-diameter hole is provided, or
(b) The second connecting member and / or the wire-like reinforcing material coupled to the second connecting member is partially bent and arranged, or
(c) Reinforcing the elastic modulus of the second connecting member and / or the reinforcing material coupled to the second connecting member with respect to the first connecting member and the first connecting member Set the elastic modulus different from that of the material,
By
In the stage before the first connecting member loses its load bearing capacity, the horizontal load that supports the wall material body is transmitted to the reinforcing member only through the first connecting member and the coupling member,
In the stage after the first connecting member loses its load bearing capacity, the horizontal load that supports the wall surface main body is transmitted to the reinforcing member via the second connecting member and the coupling member. It was set as the retaining wall wall material of the structure.
また、第２の観点にかかる発明では、第１の観点にかかる発明の擁壁壁面材において、前記壁面材本体の上下端面、左右側端面の少なくとも１端面には、上下、左右に配置された壁面材本体が擁壁法面の垂直方向にズレが生じた場合に、ズレの有無又はズレ量を目視で確認できるマーキングが施されている構成の擁壁壁面材とした。
Further, in the invention according to the second aspect, in the retaining wall wall material of the invention according to the first aspect, the upper and lower end surfaces of the wall material body and at least one end surface of the left and right side end surfaces are arranged vertically and horizontally. When the wall material body is displaced in the direction perpendicular to the retaining wall slope, the retaining wall surface material is configured so that the presence or absence of the displacement or the amount of displacement can be visually confirmed.
また、第３の観点にかかる発明では、第２の観点にかかる発明の擁壁壁面材において、前記マーキングは色彩の変化により識別できるものであることを特徴とする擁壁壁面材とした。
In the invention according to a third aspect, the retaining walls wall material of the invention according to the second aspect, the marking was retaining wall wall material, characterized in that it is intended to be identified by a change in color.
更に、第４の観点にかかる発明では、擁壁構造の寿命評価の方法であって、パネル状の壁面材本体と、当該壁面材本体の裏面側に設けられた少なくとも１の連結部分を備え、当該連結部分は、
当該壁面材本体に部分的に埋め込まれた第１の連結部材と、
当該壁面材本体に部分的に埋め込まれ、第１の連結部材に隣接して配置された第２の連結部材と、
当該第１および第２の連結部材と連結される補強材と、
当該第１および第２の連結部材と当該補強材とを結合する結合部材とからなり、
(a) 当該第１の連結部材と補強材には、当該結合部材に適合する丸孔が設けられており、当該第２の連結部材には、当該結合部材が挿入可能な長孔、楕円孔、又は大径の孔が設けられているか、あるいは
(b) 当該第２の連結部材、及び／又は、当該第２の連結部材に結合されるワイヤ状の補強材が部分的に撓ませて配置されているか、あるいは
(c) 当該第２の連結部材、及び／又は、当該第２の連結部材に結合される補強材の弾性率を、当該第１の連結部材、および当該第１の連結部材に結合される補強材の弾性率とそれぞれ異なった弾性率に設定する、
ことにより、
当該第１の連結部材が耐荷能力を失う前の段階では、当該壁面材本体を支える水平方向荷重は、当該第１の連結部材および結合部材を介してのみ当該補強材に伝達され、
当該第１の連結部材が耐荷能力を失った後の段階では、当該壁面材本体を支える水平方向荷重は、当該第２の連結部材および結合部材を介して当該補強材に伝達されるようになっている擁壁壁面材を使用して構築した擁壁構造において、
上下、左右に配置された壁面材本体の、隣接する上側端面と下側端面、または左側端面と右側端面の擁壁法面の垂直方向におけるズレの有無又はズレ量を目視で確認する構成の擁壁構造の寿命評価の方法とした。
Furthermore, the invention according to the fourth aspect is a method for evaluating the life of the retaining wall structure, comprising a panel-shaped wall material body and at least one connecting portion provided on the back side of the wall material body, The connecting part is
A first connecting member partially embedded in the wall material body;
A second connecting member partially embedded in the wall material body and disposed adjacent to the first connecting member;
A reinforcing member connected to the first and second connecting members;
The first and second connecting members and a connecting member that connects the reinforcing material,
(a) The first connecting member and the reinforcing member are provided with a round hole that fits the connecting member, and the second connecting member has a long hole or an elliptical hole into which the connecting member can be inserted. Or a large-diameter hole is provided, or
(b) The second connecting member and / or the wire-like reinforcing material coupled to the second connecting member is partially bent and arranged, or
(c) Reinforcing the elastic modulus of the second connecting member and / or the reinforcing material coupled to the second connecting member with respect to the first connecting member and the first connecting member Set the elastic modulus different from that of the material,
By
In the stage before the first connecting member loses its load bearing capacity, the horizontal load that supports the wall material body is transmitted to the reinforcing member only through the first connecting member and the coupling member,
In the stage after the first connecting member loses its load bearing capacity, the horizontal load that supports the wall surface main body is transmitted to the reinforcing member via the second connecting member and the coupling member. In the retaining wall structure built using the retaining wall surface material
A structure that visually confirms whether or not there is a deviation in the vertical direction of the retaining wall slope of the adjacent upper end face and lower end face, or left end face and right end face of the wall material body arranged vertically and horizontally. This was a method for evaluating the lifetime of the wall structure.
また、第５の観点にかかる発明では、第４の観点にかかる発明の擁壁壁面材において、前記上下、左右に配置された壁面材本体の、隣接する上側端面と下側端面、または左側端面と右側端面の擁壁法面の垂直方向におけるズレの有無又はズレ量を目視で確認する作業が、前記壁面材本体の上下端面、左右側端面の少なくとも１端面に設けられたマーキングにより確認する構成の擁壁構造の寿命評価の方法とした。
Further, in the invention according to the fifth aspect , in the retaining wall wall material of the invention according to the fourth aspect, the adjacent upper end surface and lower end surface, or left end surface of the wall surface material body arranged above and below and left and right The operation for visually confirming the presence or absence or the amount of deviation in the vertical direction of the retaining wall slope of the right end surface is confirmed by marking provided on at least one end surface of the upper and lower end surfaces and the left and right end surfaces of the wall material body. This is a method for evaluating the life of the retaining wall structure.
本発明によれば、擁壁構造の構築コストを抑えた上で、擁壁構造の安全性を確保しつつ、擁壁構造を構築した後に、簡単な目視による点検を行うことにより、擁壁壁面材に部分的に埋め込まれた連結部材の劣化に起因する寿命評価が可能な擁壁壁面材および寿命評価の方法を提供することが可能となった。
According to the present invention, the retaining wall wall surface is constructed by performing a simple visual inspection after the retaining wall structure is constructed while the safety of the retaining wall structure is secured while the retaining wall structure construction cost is suppressed. It has become possible to provide a retaining wall surface material capable of evaluating the life due to the deterioration of the connecting member partially embedded in the material and a method for evaluating the life.
以下、図面を用いて本発明の実施形態について説明する。 図１は、本発明に係る擁壁壁面材１を示したものである。 図１に示す擁壁壁面材１は、パネル状の壁面材本体１０と、壁面材本体１０の裏面側に設けられた１の連結部分２０と、壁面材本体１０の裏面側に設けられた３の接続金具３１とから構成されている。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a retaining wall surface material 1 according to the present invention. A retaining wall wall material 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a panel-shaped wall material body 10, one connecting portion 20 provided on the back surface side of the wall material body 10, and 3 provided on the back surface side of the wall material body 10. The connection fitting 31 is constituted.
壁面材本体１０は、擁壁構造の壁面を構成することになる要素であり、コンクリート製あるいは鉄筋コンクリート製のパネルである。 本発明にかかる擁壁壁面材１は、上下、左右方向に複数の擁壁壁面材１を積み上げた上で上下、左右方向に連結するものであり、図１に示す壁面材本体１０は十字状の形状をしているが、このような形状に限定されるものではなく、矩形状、三角形状、台形状、多角形状など、種々の形状とすることができる。 The wall material body 10 is an element that constitutes the wall surface of the retaining wall structure, and is a panel made of concrete or reinforced concrete. A retaining wall wall material 1 according to the present invention is a structure in which a plurality of retaining wall wall materials 1 are stacked in the vertical and horizontal directions and then connected in the vertical and horizontal directions. The wall material body 10 shown in FIG. However, the present invention is not limited to such a shape, and various shapes such as a rectangular shape, a triangular shape, a trapezoidal shape, and a polygonal shape can be used.
連結部分２０は、壁面材本体１０の裏面に部分的に埋め込まれたＬ字状の第１の連結部材２１と、同じく壁面材本体の裏面に部分的に埋め込まれたＬ字状の第２の連結部材２２と、第１および第２の連結部材２１、２２と連結される補強材２３と、第１および第２の連結部材２１、２２と補強材２３とを結合する結合部材２４とからなる。 第１および第２の連結部材２１、２２は、鉄鋼板をＬ字状に折り曲げて製造することができるが、これに限定されるものではない。 また、補強材２３についても、鉄鋼板を所定の幅に切断した帯状の部材として製造することができるが、これに限定されるものではない。 The connecting portion 20 includes an L-shaped first connecting member 21 partially embedded in the back surface of the wall material main body 10 and an L-shaped second member that is also partially embedded in the back surface of the wall material body. The connecting member 22 includes a reinforcing member 23 connected to the first and second connecting members 21, 22, and a connecting member 24 that connects the first and second connecting members 21, 22 and the reinforcing member 23. . Although the 1st and 2nd connection members 21 and 22 can be manufactured by bending a steel plate in L shape, it is not limited to this. The reinforcing member 23 can also be manufactured as a strip-shaped member obtained by cutting a steel plate into a predetermined width, but is not limited thereto.
第１の連結部材２１と第２の連結部材２２とは、図２に示すように、互いに近接して配置され、Ｔ字状の形状を形成するようにして配置されている。 そして、壁面材本体１０から露出した第１の連結部材２１と第２の連結部材２２との間には、補強材２３の一端側が挿入され、第１の連結部材２１、補強材２３、第２の連結部材２２の３層構造を形成するようになっている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the first connecting member 21 and the second connecting member 22 are arranged close to each other and arranged so as to form a T-shape. Then, one end side of the reinforcing member 23 is inserted between the first connecting member 21 and the second connecting member 22 exposed from the wall surface main body 10, and the first connecting member 21, the reinforcing member 23, and the second connecting member 22 are inserted. The three-layer structure of the connecting member 22 is formed.
第１の連結部材２１、補強材２３の一端側、第２の連結部材２２には、それぞれ孔が設けられており、これらの孔の中に棒状の結合部材２４が挿入され、第１の連結部材２１、補強材２３の一端側、および第２の連結部材２２が機械的に結合される。 棒状の結合部材２４としては、メカニカルファスナーとしての鉄鋼製のボルト・ナットやせん断ピンのようなものであっても良い。 The first connecting member 21, one end side of the reinforcing member 23, and the second connecting member 22 are provided with holes, and a rod-like coupling member 24 is inserted into these holes, and the first connecting member 21 The member 21, one end side of the reinforcing member 23, and the second connecting member 22 are mechanically coupled. The rod-like coupling member 24 may be a steel bolt / nut or a shear pin as a mechanical fastener.
図２に示す連結部分２０では、１の連結部分２０に２組のボルト・ナットが使用されているが、これに限定されるものではない。 １組または３組以上のボルト・ナットを使用するようにしても良い。 また、例えば、結合部材２４としてボルト・ナットを使用する場合、ボルトの頭側及び／又はナット側に座金を配置して結合するようにしても良い。 In the connecting portion 20 shown in FIG. 2, two sets of bolts and nuts are used for one connecting portion 20, but the present invention is not limited to this. One set or three or more sets of bolts and nuts may be used. Further, for example, when a bolt / nut is used as the coupling member 24, a washer may be arranged on the head side and / or the nut side of the bolt for coupling.
次に、図４に基づき、第１の連結部材２１、補強材２３の一端側、第２の連結部材２２に設けた孔について説明する。 図４に示すように、第１の連結部材２１および補強材２３には、結合部材２４の外径よりわずかに大きな、ほぼ同径の貫通孔が設けられている。 一方、第２の連結部材には、短径が第１の連結部材２１および補強材２３とほぼ同じである長孔穴が図４に示すような位置関係で設けられている。 Next, holes provided in the first connecting member 21, one end side of the reinforcing member 23, and the second connecting member 22 will be described with reference to FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 4, the first connecting member 21 and the reinforcing member 23 are provided with through holes having substantially the same diameter, which is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the coupling member 24. On the other hand, the second connecting member is provided with a long hole having a minor axis substantially the same as that of the first connecting member 21 and the reinforcing member 23 in a positional relationship as shown in FIG.
上述したような位置関係で、第１の連結部材２１、補強材２３の一端側、第２の連結部材２２に孔が設けられているため、壁面材本体１０を支える水平方向荷重は、第１の連結部材２１および結合部材２４を介して補強材２３に伝達されるようになっている。（図２参照） Since the first connecting member 21, one end of the reinforcing member 23, and the second connecting member 22 are provided with holes in the positional relationship as described above, the horizontal load that supports the wall surface main body 10 is the first. The connecting member 21 and the connecting member 24 are transmitted to the reinforcing member 23. (See Figure 2)
そして、擁壁構造を構築してから長期間が経過し、例えば、腐食等により第１の連結部材２１が破断し耐荷能力を失った場合（このような場合、これまでの経験から、擁壁壁面材から露出した連結部材の、擁壁壁面材側付け根付近が破断することが予測されている）、壁面材本体１０を支える水平方向荷重は、第２の連結部材２２および結合部材２４を介して補強材２３に伝達されるようになる。（図３参照） When a long period of time has elapsed since the construction of the retaining wall structure, for example, when the first connecting member 21 is broken due to corrosion or the like and loses its load carrying capacity (in such a case, the retaining wall The connecting member exposed from the wall material is predicted to break near the retaining wall wall material side root), and the horizontal load that supports the wall material body 10 is transmitted via the second connecting member 22 and the coupling member 24. As a result, it is transmitted to the reinforcing member 23. (See Figure 3)
すなわち、本発明の擁壁壁面材１を使用して擁壁構造を構築した場合、冗長性を持った構造となっているため、壁面材本体１０を支える水平方向荷重が、一気に失われるということはなく、きわめて高い安全性を持った擁壁構造を提供することができるようになっている。 That is, when the retaining wall structure is constructed using the retaining wall surface material 1 of the present invention, the horizontal load that supports the wall material body 10 is lost at a stretch because it has a redundant structure. Rather, it is possible to provide a retaining wall structure with extremely high safety.
上述したように、第１の連結部材２１が破断し壁面材本体１０を支える水平方向荷重が、第２の連結部材２２および結合部材２４を介して補強材２３に伝達されるようになった場合、第２の連結部材２２に設けた長孔の中を結合部材２４が移動することになり、その結合部材２４の移動ストロークに相当する距離だけ、壁面材本体１０の連結部分２０が設けられていた部位は、擁壁法面の垂直方向へ突出することになる。 As described above, when the first connecting member 21 is broken and the horizontal load that supports the wall surface main body 10 is transmitted to the reinforcing member 23 via the second connecting member 22 and the coupling member 24. The connecting member 24 moves through the long hole provided in the second connecting member 22, and the connecting portion 20 of the wall surface main body 10 is provided by a distance corresponding to the moving stroke of the connecting member 24. The projecting portion will protrude in the direction perpendicular to the retaining wall slope.
このようになった場合、擁壁構造を構築する際に上下、左右に配置された壁面材本体１０の一部に、または特定の壁面材本体１０の全体に、擁壁法面の垂直方向のズレが生じる。 従って、定期的な点検において、図５に示すように、擁壁構造の上方または下方から、あるいは左方または右方から壁面材本体１０にズレが生じているか否かを判断することにより、擁壁構造の安全性を確保した上で、擁壁構造の改修の必要性の有無を判断することができる。 In such a case, when the retaining wall structure is constructed, a part of the wall surface main body 10 arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions, or a specific wall surface main body 10 in the vertical direction of the retaining wall slope is formed. Deviation occurs. Accordingly, in periodic inspection, as shown in FIG. 5, it is determined whether or not the wall material body 10 is displaced from above or below the retaining wall structure or from the left or right side. After ensuring the safety of the wall structure, it is possible to determine whether the retaining wall structure needs to be repaired.
なお、ここでは、第１の連結部材２１および補強材２３には、結合部材２４の外径よりわずかに大きな、ほぼ同径の貫通孔を設け、第２の連結部材２２には、短径が第１の連結部材２１および補強材２３とほぼ同じである長孔を設けた場合について説明したが、このような構成に限定されるものではなく、例えば、第２の連結部材２２に設ける孔を楕円孔としたり、大径の孔とすることによっても上述した効果と同様な効果を得ることができる。 Here, the first connecting member 21 and the reinforcing member 23 are provided with through holes having substantially the same diameter, which is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the coupling member 24, and the second connecting member 22 has a short diameter. Although the case where the long hole substantially the same as the 1st connection member 21 and the reinforcing material 23 was provided was demonstrated, it is not limited to such a structure, For example, the hole provided in the 2nd connection member 22 is provided. The effect similar to the effect mentioned above can be acquired also by making it an elliptical hole or a large diameter hole.
ここでは、第１の連結部材２１が耐荷能力を失った場合に、壁面材本体１０を支える水平方向荷重が、第２の連結部材２２および結合部材２４を介して補強材２３に伝達されるようにするために、第２の連結部材２２に長孔または楕円孔を設ける例について説明したが、これに限定されるものではない。 第２の連結部材２２と補強材２３との間に所定の相対的な変位が生じることによって壁面材本体１０を支える水平方向荷重が、第２の連結部材２２および結合部材２４を介して補強材２３に伝達されるようになっていれば良い。 Here, when the first connecting member 21 loses its load bearing capacity, the horizontal load that supports the wall surface main body 10 is transmitted to the reinforcing member 23 via the second connecting member 22 and the coupling member 24. In order to achieve this, the example in which the long hole or the elliptical hole is provided in the second connecting member 22 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. A horizontal load that supports the wall surface main body 10 due to a predetermined relative displacement between the second connecting member 22 and the reinforcing member 23 causes the reinforcing member to pass through the second connecting member 22 and the connecting member 24. As long as it is transmitted to the terminal 23.
例えば、１例として、ワイヤ状の補強材２３及び／又は第２の連結部材２２を部分的に撓ませて配置しておき、第２の連結部材２２と補強材２３との間に所定の相対的な変位が生じることによってワイヤ状の補強材２３が直線状になり壁面材本体１０を支える水平方向荷重が補強材２３に伝達されるようになるものや、補強材２３及び／又は第２の連結部材２２を構成する材料の弾性率を調整することにより、第２の連結部材２２と補強材２３との間に所定の相対的な変位が生じた段階で、壁面材本体１０を支える水平方向荷重が補強材２３に伝達されるようにすることもできる。 For example, as an example, the wire-like reinforcing member 23 and / or the second connecting member 22 is partially bent and disposed, and a predetermined relative relationship is provided between the second connecting member 22 and the reinforcing member 23. As a result of the occurrence of a general displacement, the wire-like reinforcing material 23 becomes linear, and a horizontal load that supports the wall surface main body 10 is transmitted to the reinforcing material 23, or the reinforcing material 23 and / or the second A horizontal direction that supports the wall surface main body 10 when a predetermined relative displacement is generated between the second connecting member 22 and the reinforcing member 23 by adjusting the elastic modulus of the material constituting the connecting member 22. The load can be transmitted to the reinforcing member 23.
また、壁面材本体１０の上側端面（図１に示すＸ面）又は／及び下側端面（図１に示すＹ面）に、ある程度離れた距離からでも視認することができるマーキングを設けておくこともできる。 このマーキングによって、ズレの有無又はズレ量を判断することができるものであり、擁壁の点検作業を容易に行えるようにする効果がある。 なお、このマーキングとしては、線、目盛、方眼の他、所定領域を塗りつぶしたもの等を採用することができる。 また、このマーキングを色彩の変化により識別できるようにしても良い。 更に、このマーキングは壁面材本体１０の左右両端面に設けるようにしても良い。 In addition, a marking that can be seen from a certain distance is provided on the upper end surface (the X surface shown in FIG. 1) and / or the lower end surface (the Y surface shown in FIG. 1) of the wall material body 10. You can also. By this marking, it is possible to determine whether or not there is a deviation or the amount of deviation, and there is an effect that the inspection work of the retaining wall can be easily performed. In addition, as this marking, a line, a scale, a grid, etc., a predetermined area painted out, or the like can be used. Further, this marking may be identified by a change in color. Further, this marking may be provided on both left and right end surfaces of the wall surface main body 10.
なお、壁面材本体１０の裏面側には３の接続金具３１が設けられているとして説明してきたが、この接続金具３１は、壁面材本体１０と補強材２３とを単に連結するための金具であり、壁面材本体１０の中に部分的に埋め込まれたＬ字状の鉄鋼板からできている。 壁面材本体１０の裏面側には連結部分２０が１箇所、接続金具３１が３箇所設けられているとして説明してきたが、このような構成に限定されるものではなく、少なくとも連結部分２０が１箇所設けられていれば、連結部分２０と接続金具３１の総数や、連結部分２０と接続金具３１の数の比については何ら限定されるものではない。
Although the description has been given on the assumption that the three connection fittings 31 are provided on the back surface side of the wall material main body 10, the connection fitting 31 is a metal fitting for simply connecting the wall material main body 10 and the reinforcing material 23. Yes, it is made of an L-shaped steel plate partially embedded in the wall surface main body 10. Although it has been described that the connecting portion 20 is provided at one place and the connection fitting 31 is provided at three places on the back surface side of the wall surface main body 10, the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. If the location is provided, the total number of the connecting portions 20 and the connection fittings 31 and the ratio of the number of the connection portions 20 and the connection fittings 31 are not limited at all.
１ 擁壁壁面材
１０ 壁面材本体
２０ 連結部分
２１ 第１の連結部材
２２ 第２の連結部材
２３ 補強材
２４ 結合部材
３１ 接続金具
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Retaining wall wall surface material 10 Wall surface material main body 20 Connection part 21 1st connection member 22 2nd connection member 23 Reinforcement material 24 Coupling member 31 Connection metal fitting
Claims (5)
パネル状の壁面材本体と、当該壁面材本体の裏面側に設けられた少なくとも１の連結部分を備え、当該連結部分は、
当該壁面材本体に部分的に埋め込まれた第１の連結部材と、
当該壁面材本体に部分的に埋め込まれ、第１の連結部材に隣接して配置された第２の連結部材と、
当該第１および第２の連結部材と連結される補強材と、
当該第１および第２の連結部材と当該補強材とを結合する結合部材とからなり、
(a) 当該第１の連結部材と補強材には、当該結合部材に適合する丸孔が設けられており、当該第２の連結部材には、当該結合部材が挿入可能な長孔、楕円孔、又は大径の孔が設けられているか、あるいは
(b) 当該第２の連結部材、及び／又は、当該第２の連結部材に結合されるワイヤ状の補強材が部分的に撓ませて配置されているか、あるいは
(c) 当該第２の連結部材、及び／又は、当該第２の連結部材に結合される補強材の弾性率を、当該第１の連結部材、および当該第１の連結部材に結合される補強材の弾性率とそれぞれ異なった弾性率に設定する、
ことにより、
当該第１の連結部材が耐荷能力を失う前の段階では、当該壁面材本体を支える水平方向荷重は、当該第１連結部材および結合部材を介してのみ当該補強材に伝達され、
当該第１の連結部材が耐荷能力を失った後の段階では、当該壁面材本体を支える水平方向荷重は、当該第２の連結部材および結合部材を介して当該補強材に伝達されるようになっている
ことを特徴とする擁壁壁面材。 Retaining wall wall material used for retaining wall structure that can evaluate life,
A panel-shaped wall material body and at least one connecting portion provided on the back side of the wall material body,
A first connecting member partially embedded in the wall material body;
A second connecting member partially embedded in the wall material body and disposed adjacent to the first connecting member;
A reinforcing member connected to the first and second connecting members;
The first and second connecting members and a connecting member that connects the reinforcing material,
(a) The first connecting member and the reinforcing member are provided with a round hole that fits the connecting member, and the second connecting member has a long hole or an elliptical hole into which the connecting member can be inserted. Or a large-diameter hole is provided, or
(b) The second connecting member and / or the wire-like reinforcing material coupled to the second connecting member is partially bent and arranged, or
(c) Reinforcing the elastic modulus of the second connecting member and / or the reinforcing material coupled to the second connecting member with respect to the first connecting member and the first connecting member Set the elastic modulus different from that of the material,
By
In the stage before the first connecting member loses its load bearing capacity, the horizontal load that supports the wall material body is transmitted to the reinforcing member only through the first connecting member and the coupling member,
In the stage after the first connecting member loses its load bearing capacity, the horizontal load that supports the wall surface main body is transmitted to the reinforcing member via the second connecting member and the coupling member. Retaining wall wall material characterized by
前記壁面材本体の上下端面、左右側端面の少なくとも１端面には、上下、左右に配置された壁面材本体が擁壁法面の垂直方向にズレが生じた場合に、ズレの有無又はズレ量を目視で確認できるマーキングが施されていることを特徴とする擁壁壁面材。 In the retaining wall material according to claim 1 ,
When at least one of the upper and lower end surfaces and the left and right end surfaces of the wall material body is displaced in the vertical direction with respect to the retaining wall slope, Retaining wall surface material characterized by marking that can be visually confirmed.
前記マーキングは色彩の変化により識別できるものであることを特徴とする擁壁壁面材。 In the retaining wall material according to claim 2 ,
Retaining wall wall material, wherein the marking can be identified by a change in color.
パネル状の壁面材本体と、当該壁面材本体の裏面側に設けられた少なくとも１の連結部分を備え、当該連結部分は、
当該壁面材本体に部分的に埋め込まれた第１の連結部材と、
当該壁面材本体に部分的に埋め込まれ、第１の連結部材に隣接して配置された第２の連結部材と、
当該第１および第２の連結部材と連結される補強材と、
当該第１および第２の連結部材と当該補強材とを結合する結合部材とからなり、
(a) 当該第１の連結部材と補強材には、当該結合部材に適合する丸孔が設けられており、当該第２の連結部材には、当該結合部材が挿入可能な長孔、楕円孔、又は大径の孔が設けられているか、あるいは
(b) 当該第２の連結部材、及び／又は、当該第２の連結部材に結合されるワイヤ状の補強材が部分的に撓ませて配置されているか、あるいは
(c) 当該第２の連結部材、及び／又は、当該第２の連結部材に結合される補強材の弾性率を、当該第１の連結部材、および当該第１の連結部材に結合される補強材の弾性率とそれぞれ異なった弾性率に設定する、
ことにより、
当該第１の連結部材が耐荷能力を失う前の段階では、当該壁面材本体を支える水平方向荷重は、当該第１の連結部材および結合部材を介してのみ当該補強材に伝達され、
当該第１の連結部材が耐荷能力を失った後の段階では、当該壁面材本体を支える水平方向荷重は、当該第２の連結部材および結合部材を介して当該補強材に伝達されるようになっている擁壁壁面材を使用して構築した擁壁構造において、
上下、左右に配置された壁面材本体の、隣接する上側端面と下側端面、または左側端面と右側端面の擁壁法面の垂直方向におけるズレの有無又はズレ量を目視で確認することによる擁壁構造の寿命評価の方法。 A method for evaluating the life of a retaining wall structure,
A panel-shaped wall material body and at least one connecting portion provided on the back side of the wall material body,
A first connecting member partially embedded in the wall material body;
A second connecting member partially embedded in the wall material body and disposed adjacent to the first connecting member;
A reinforcing member connected to the first and second connecting members;
The first and second connecting members and a connecting member that connects the reinforcing material,
(a) The first connecting member and the reinforcing member are provided with a round hole that fits the connecting member, and the second connecting member has a long hole or an elliptical hole into which the connecting member can be inserted. Or a large-diameter hole is provided, or
(b) The second connecting member and / or the wire-like reinforcing material coupled to the second connecting member is partially bent and arranged, or
(c) Reinforcing the elastic modulus of the second connecting member and / or the reinforcing material coupled to the second connecting member with respect to the first connecting member and the first connecting member Set the elastic modulus different from that of the material,
By
In the stage before the first connecting member loses its load bearing capacity, the horizontal load that supports the wall material body is transmitted to the reinforcing member only through the first connecting member and the coupling member,
In the stage after the first connecting member loses its load bearing capacity, the horizontal load that supports the wall surface main body is transmitted to the reinforcing member via the second connecting member and the coupling member. In the retaining wall structure built using the retaining wall surface material
Retention by visually confirming whether or not there is a deviation in the vertical direction of the retaining wall slope between the upper and lower end faces, or the left and right end faces of the wall material body arranged vertically and horizontally. A method for evaluating the life of wall structures.
5. The method for evaluating the life of a retaining wall structure according to claim 4 , wherein the upper and lower end surfaces of the wall material body arranged on the upper and lower and left and right sides or the retaining wall slopes of the left and right end surfaces are adjacent to each other. The work of visually confirming the presence or absence or amount of displacement in the vertical direction is to confirm the life of the retaining wall structure by confirming with markings provided on at least one end surface of the upper and lower end surfaces and the left and right side end surfaces of the wall material body. Method.
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| JPH10110443A (en) * | 1996-10-08 | 1998-04-28 | Taisei Corp | Stacking block for erecting, foundation block for erecting, and freestanding block formwork for erecting |
| JP2001527176A (en) * | 1997-12-19 | 2001-12-25 | ラシド カーミス，スヘイル | Reinforced retaining wall |
| JP2005179917A (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2005-07-07 | Paritei Zipangu:Kk | Retaining wall |
| JP2006312830A (en) * | 2005-05-09 | 2006-11-16 | Kyowa Concrete Industry Co Ltd | Retaining wall |
| JP2014134080A (en) * | 2013-01-12 | 2014-07-24 | Nakazato Sangyo Kk | Large-sized retaining wall block |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10110443A (en) * | 1996-10-08 | 1998-04-28 | Taisei Corp | Stacking block for erecting, foundation block for erecting, and freestanding block formwork for erecting |
| JP2001527176A (en) * | 1997-12-19 | 2001-12-25 | ラシド カーミス，スヘイル | Reinforced retaining wall |
| JP2005179917A (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2005-07-07 | Paritei Zipangu:Kk | Retaining wall |
| JP2006312830A (en) * | 2005-05-09 | 2006-11-16 | Kyowa Concrete Industry Co Ltd | Retaining wall |
| JP2014134080A (en) * | 2013-01-12 | 2014-07-24 | Nakazato Sangyo Kk | Large-sized retaining wall block |
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