JP5966210B1 - Flywheel, manufacturing method thereof, and power generation device - Google Patents

Abstract

A flywheel capable of storing large kinetic energy with a simple configuration is provided.
A flywheel according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a rotary shaft provided rotatably, a rotor fixed to the rotary shaft and rotatable with the rotary shaft, and a rotor. And a stator 74 that is disposed so as not to rotate. The rotor 72 has a plurality of permanent magnets 73 provided on the surface TS72 facing the stator 74, and the stator 74 is provided on the surface TS74 facing the rotor 72 corresponding to the permanent magnet 73, respectively. A plurality of permanent magnets 75 having the same polarity as that of 73 are provided. The permanent magnet 73 is covered with carbon nanotubes CNT at least part of the surface except for the surface TS73 facing the stator 74, and the permanent magnet 75 is at least part of the surface except for the surface TS75 facing the rotor 72 with carbon nanotubes CNT. Covered with.
[Selection] Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a flywheel, a manufacturing method thereof, and a power generation device.

  The flywheel is configured to be able to store a large amount of kinetic energy by rotating a rotating body like a top having a predetermined inertial mass at a high speed. In such a power generator using a flywheel, the flywheel stores surplus (or regenerated) electrical energy as the kinetic energy of the rotating body, and the generator converts the flywheel kinetic energy into electric energy. Then, the storage battery is charged. The power energy stored in the storage battery can be reused as the power consumption of the load.

  In a conventional flywheel, a permanent magnet is used on the rotor side, but an electromagnet is used on the stator side, so a means for supplying an alternating current to the electromagnet must be attached to the rotating shaft of the flywheel. was there. This complicates the configuration of the apparatus, which has been an obstacle to downsizing and generalization of flywheels.

Japanese Patent No. 4926263 Japanese Patent No. 5740760

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a flywheel capable of storing large kinetic energy with a simple configuration.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a flywheel according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a rotary shaft that is rotatably provided, a rotor that is fixed to the rotary shaft and is rotatable with the rotary shaft, and the rotor And a stator that does not rotate. The rotor has a plurality of first permanent magnets provided on a first surface facing the stator, and the stator corresponds to the first permanent magnet on a second surface facing the rotor, respectively. A plurality of second permanent magnets having the same polarity as the first permanent magnets, wherein the first permanent magnets are covered with carbon nanotubes at least a part of the surface excluding the third surface facing the stator. The second permanent magnet is characterized in that at least a part of a surface excluding the fourth surface facing the rotor is covered with carbon nanotubes.

  A power generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a rechargeable battery that supplies electric power, a flywheel according to the above-described embodiment, a motor that is supplied with electric power from the battery and rotates the rotating shaft, and And a generator for converting the kinetic energy of the rotor into electrical energy to charge the battery.

  The manufacturing method according to the first embodiment of the flywheel according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the first and second of the surfaces of the first and second permanent magnets by applying, dropping, or spraying carbon nanotubes. A step of covering at least a part of the surface excluding the two surfaces with a carbon nanotube contained in an aqueous epoxy resin, and a step of thermocompression bonding the carbon nanotube on the first and second permanent magnets.

  Furthermore, the manufacturing method according to the second embodiment of the flywheel according to the embodiment of the present invention includes performing magnetization on a plurality of first and second magnetic metal chips, and attaching the first and second permanent magnets. Of the surfaces of the first and second magnetic metal tips, the first and second surfaces that are opposed to the second and first magnetic tips by forming, applying, dropping, or spraying the carbon nanotubes Covering at least part of the surface excluding the surface with carbon nanotubes contained in an aqueous epoxy resin, thermocompression bonding the carbon nanotubes on the first and second magnetic metal chips, Arranging the first magnetic metal tip on the surface of the rotor so as to expose the first surface of the first magnetic metal tip; and Disposing the second magnetic metal tip at a position corresponding to the first magnetic metal tip on the surface of the stator so that two surfaces are exposed, wherein the magnetization is This is performed after the magnetic metal chip is disposed on the rotor and the second magnetic metal chip is disposed on the stator.

An example of a block diagram showing an example of composition of a power generator according to a 1st embodiment concerning the present invention. An example of the top view which shows an example of a structural example of the flywheel according to 1st Embodiment. An example of the front view which shows an example of a structural example of the flywheel according to 1st Embodiment. FIG. 4 is an example of a rear view of the rotor shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The figure which shows an example of the fragmentary sectional view of the rotor and stator which followed the cutting line of FIG. The figure for demonstrating the effect | action of the attractive force and repulsion by the magnetic force line between the permanent magnets of a rotor and a stator. FIG. 4 is an example of a plan view showing a modification of the rotor shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. An example of the front view which shows the other modification of the rotor shown to FIG. 2 and FIG. An example of the front view which shows the further another modification of the rotor shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. An example of the block diagram which shows an example of a structure of the electric power generating apparatus according to 2nd Embodiment which concerns on this invention. An example of the block diagram which shows an example of a structure of the electric power generating apparatus according to 3rd Embodiment which concerns on this invention. The example of explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the flywheel according to 1st Embodiment which concerns on this invention. The example of explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the flywheel according to 1st Embodiment which concerns on this invention. The example of explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the flywheel according to 1st Embodiment which concerns on this invention. The example of explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the flywheel according to 2nd Embodiment which concerns on this invention. The example of explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the flywheel according to 2nd Embodiment which concerns on this invention.

  Hereinafter, some embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is omitted as appropriate. The accompanying drawings are provided to facilitate explanation and understanding of the invention, and it should be noted that the shapes, dimensions, ratios, and the like in the drawings are different from those of the actual apparatus. Moreover, the term which shows directions, such as up and down in description, points out the relative direction at the time of arrange | positioning so that the rotor mentioned later may be located above a stator. Therefore, it may be different from the actual direction based on the gravitational acceleration direction.

(A) Flywheel and power generation apparatus including the same (1) First embodiment FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a power generation apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The power generation device according to the present embodiment includes a battery 10, a DC-AC converter 20, a motor 30, pulleys 40 to 43, belts 50 and 51, a rotating shaft 60, a flywheel 70, and a generator 90. , A battery charger 95, a load ammeter 84, and a controller 100.

  The battery 10 supplies power to the load, the motor 30, and the flywheel 70 via the DC-AC converter 20. The battery 10 may be, for example, a DC 12-volt rechargeable battery, or a battery group configured by connecting a plurality of such batteries in series or in parallel. When the battery 10 is a battery group including a plurality of batteries, the battery 10 can generate a DC voltage of 24 volts or 48 volts. For example, the battery 10 according to the present embodiment is a 48-volt battery group in which four 12-volt batteries are connected in series.

  The DC-AC converter 20 converts the DC power of the battery 10 into AC power. For example, the DC-AC converter 20 converts direct current (DC) 24 volt power into alternating current (AC) 100 volt power and alternating current (AC) 200 volt power. The AC power converted by the DC-AC converter 20 is supplied to the load, the motor 30 and the flywheel 70. In this embodiment, the load and flywheel 70 are driven by AC power of AC 100 volts, and the motor 30 is driven by AC power of AC 200 volts.

  The load is not particularly limited as long as it is an electric device that consumes electric power. For example, the load may be a lighting fixture or an air conditioner used indoors or outdoors. Further, the load may be a vehicle lighting device or an air conditioner. In this embodiment, the load uses the same AC 100 volt power as the commercial power, but may use an AC 200 volt power.

  The motor 30 receives the supply of electric power from the battery 10 via the DC-AC converter 20 and rotates the motor rotor 31. The maximum power consumption of the motor 30 is about 1000 watts according to the standard. The motor rotor 31 is coupled to the pulley 40 via the belt 50 and rotates the pulley 40. The belt 50 connects the pulleys 40 and 41 so as to transmit the rotational motion of the pulley 40 to the pulley 41. The pulley 41 is fixed to the rotating shaft 60, and the rotating shaft 60 rotates together with the pulley 41. Accordingly, the motor 30 receives the power supply from the battery 10 and rotates the rotating shaft 60.

  The rotation shaft 60 is shared as the center of rotation of the pulley 41, the pulley 42, and the flywheel 70. The bearing of the rotating shaft 60 is not particularly limited, such as a rolling bearing, a sliding bearing, or a magnetic bearing, but a bearing having a low rotational resistance is preferable. The bearing of the rotating shaft 60 may be a floating bearing using superconducting technology, for example. Thereby, the rotational resistance of the rotating shaft 60 can be reduced as much as possible.

  As will be described later with reference to FIGS. 2 to 9, the flywheel 70 includes a rotor 72 that rotates together with the rotating shaft 60, and stores kinetic energy by the rotational motion of the rotor 72.

  The belt 51 connects the pulleys 42 and 43 so as to transmit the rotational motion of the pulley 42 to the pulley 43. The pulley 43 is fixed to the shaft 91 of the power generator 90, and the rotational motion of the pulley 43 is transmitted to the shaft 91.

  The power generator 90 generates power by the rotation of the shaft 91 and stores the generated power in the battery 10 via the battery charger 95. That is, the generator 90 converts the kinetic energy of the permanent magnet rotor into electrical energy and stores this electrical energy in the battery 10. In the present embodiment, the power generator 90 is a power generator that can generate AC power of AC 100 volts, for example, and can generate a maximum current of 31 A on the standard.

  The battery charger 95 charges the battery 10 with the electric power generated by the power generator 90. At this time, the battery charger 95 converts the electric power generated at 100 VAC into DC power and stores it in the battery 10. In this embodiment, the battery charger 95 consumes about 12 amps of power at 100 VAC, for example.

  The load may receive power supply from the battery 10 and supply surplus power or regenerative power to the motor 30 or the battery charger 95 as indicated by a broken-line arrow in FIG. When the surplus power or the regenerated power is DC power, the load may return the surplus power or the regenerated power directly to the battery 10. When the load does not generate surplus power or regenerated power, the load only consumes power from the battery 10.

  The load ammeter 84 is installed near the load, detects the amount of current flowing through the load, and sends the detection result to the controller 100.

  As will be described in detail later, the controller 100 monitors at least one of the current amount of the load sent from the load ammeter 84 and the rotational speed of the rotor 72 included in the flywheel 70, and the stator 74 and the rotor 72. The control mechanism for controlling the rotation of the rotor 72 is controlled by adjusting the interval between the two.

  FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are an example of a plan view and a front view, respectively, showing an example of the configuration example of the flywheel 70 according to the first embodiment. In the present embodiment, the flywheel 70 includes a casing 210, a rotor 72, a stator 74, an encoder 82, a stepping motor 86, a ball screw 96, and a guide 98 as main components.

  The rotor 72 is fixed to the rotary shaft 60 so as to be rotatable together with the rotary shaft 60.

  FIG. 4 is an example of a rear view of the rotor 72. As shown in FIG. 4, on the back surface of the rotor 72, that is, the surface TS72 facing the stator 74 (hereinafter referred to as “top surface TS72” or “exposed surface TS72” as appropriate), a plurality of permanent magnets 73 along the periphery thereof. Are arranged rotationally symmetrically with the axis of the rotation shaft 60 as the axis of symmetry. In the example shown in FIG. 4, eight permanent magnets 73 are arranged with eight-fold rotational symmetry. In the present embodiment, the facing surface TS72 corresponds to, for example, the first surface.

  Returning to FIG. 3, the stator 74 is disposed so as to face the rotor 72 along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 60, and is attached to the inner wall of the housing 210 via a guide 98 or the like, thereby horizontally, ie, It is fixed in the casing 210 in a direction horizontal to the surface facing the rotor 72.

  On the top surface of the stator 74, that is, the surface TS 74 facing the rotor 72 (hereinafter referred to as “top surface TS 74” or “exposed surface TS 74” as appropriate), a plurality of permanent magnets 75 are arranged along the periphery of the stator 74. The rotating shaft 60 is arranged in a rotationally symmetrical manner with the axis of the rotating shaft 60 as a symmetry axis so as to correspond to the permanent magnet 73 on a one-to-one basis. In the present embodiment, eight permanent magnets 75 are arranged. In the present embodiment, the facing surface TS74 corresponds to, for example, the second surface.

  Of the surface of the stator 74, at least a part of the surface excluding the opposing surface TS74 facing the rotor 72 is covered with a sheet-like carbon nanotube (hereinafter simply referred to as “CNT sheet”). In the example shown in FIG. 3, the entire side surface and bottom surface of the stator 74 are covered with a CNT sheet. Thereby, the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 75 is prevented from leaking to a region other than the gap with the rotor 72.

  Although not particularly shown in FIG. 3, it is desirable to cover the entire surface of the rotor 72 except for the facing surface Ts72 facing the stator 74 with a CNT sheet, thereby preventing magnetic leakage.

  The permanent magnets 73 and 75 both have the same polarity, and in this embodiment, both have the N-pole magnetism. In the present embodiment, the permanent magnets 73 and 75 correspond to, for example, a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet, respectively.

  FIG. 5 shows an example of a partial cross-sectional view of the rotor 72 and the stator 74 along the cutting line DL of FIG.

  The permanent magnet 73 provided on the rotor 72 is covered with a CNT sheet at least a part of the surface thereof excluding a surface TS73 facing the stator 74 (hereinafter referred to as “top surface TS73” or “exposed surface TS73” as appropriate). . In the example shown in FIG. 5, the entire surface (side surface SS73 and bottom surface BS73) except for the opposing surface TS73 is covered with a CNT sheet.

  Similarly, with respect to the permanent magnet 75 provided on the stator 74, at least a part of the surface thereof excluding the surface TS75 facing the rotor 72 (hereinafter referred to as “top surface TS75” or “exposed surface TS75” as appropriate) is a CNT sheet. Covered. In the example shown in FIG. 6, the entire surface (side surface SS75 and bottom surface BS75) excluding the opposing surface TS73 is covered with the CNT sheet.

  In this way, the pair of opposing permanent magnets 73 and 75 is covered with the CNT sheet at least at a part of the surface excluding the opposing surfaces, so that the lines of magnetic force can be concentrated in the gap between each other. .

  Further, the permanent magnet 73 is disposed to be inclined with respect to the top surface TS72 of the rotor 72 so as to form an acute angle between the top surface TS73 of the permanent magnet 75 and the top surface TS75 of the permanent magnet 75. The inclination angle θ is not particularly limited, but in the present embodiment, an inclination angle θ of about 5 ° is desirable.

  On the other hand, the permanent magnet 75 on the stator 74 side extends from the end of the opposed surface TS75 facing the rotor 72 to the part of the bottom surface BS75 via the side surface SS75 from the end portion on the side having a large distance from the permanent magnet 73. As described above, a demagnetizing block 78 is provided. Thus, by providing the demagnetization block 78 in the vicinity of the end portion on the side where the distance from the permanent magnet 73 is wide, a magnetism opposite to the magnetism of the permanent magnet 75 in the region between the adjacent permanent magnets 75 on the stator 74. That is, the occurrence of the S pole can be prevented. This is because the area outside the degaussing block 78 becomes the N pole when the inside of the demagnetization block 78 becomes the S pole. Thereby, the line of magnetic force which comes out from the top surface TS75 side of the permanent magnet 75 to the permanent magnet 73 arranged oppositely can be strengthened.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, the size of the portion of the permanent magnet 75 of the demagnetizing block 78 on the bottom surface BS75 side is desirably larger than the size of the top portion of the top surface TS75. Thereby, as will be described in detail later, the lines of magnetic force directed to the exposed surface (opposing surface) TS73 of the permanent magnet 73 can be further strengthened.

  The material of the demagnetization block 78 is not particularly limited as long as it can block the magnetic lines of force from the permanent magnet 75, but a metal material including an alloy, particularly a steel material such as SS400 is desirable.

  Returning to FIG. 1, a direct current DC of 48 V, for example, is supplied from the battery 10 to the DC-AC converter 20, and is converted into an alternating current AC of, for example, 200 V by the DC-AC converter 20 and supplied to the motor 30. As a result, the motor 30 starts and the motor rotor 31 rotates. The rotation of the motor rotor 31 is transmitted to the pulley 41 via the belt 50, whereby the rotating shaft 60 rotates and the rotor 72 also rotates. Once the rotor 72 starts to rotate due to the rotational force transmitted from the motor 30, the rotor 72 is then rotated by the attractive and repulsive forces generated by the lines of magnetic force generated between the permanent magnets 73 and 75.

  The action of attraction and repulsion due to the lines of magnetic force between the permanent magnets 73 and 75 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.

  In FIG. 6, in order to explain how the influence of the magnetic lines of force from the permanent magnet 75 on the stator 74 side changes, a plurality of single permanent magnets 73 are arranged along the rotational direction AR <b> 1 of the rotor 72 as shown in a continuous photograph. Indicated.

  First, when the tip of the permanent magnet 73 on the side where the distance from the stator 74 is narrow reaches the position A from the upstream side in the rotational direction AR1, the attractive force due to the S pole in the demagnetizing block 78 is added to the rotational force of the rotor 72. Thereby, the permanent magnet 73 moves smoothly to the position C.

  When the permanent magnet 73 reaches the position C, the lines of magnetic force from the exposed surface (opposing surface TS75) of the permanent magnet 75 exert a repulsive force on the exposed surface (opposing surface TS73) of the permanent magnet 73. Since the exposed surface TS73 of the permanent magnet 73 is inclined with respect to the top surface TS72 of the rotor 72 with an inclination angle θ, a repulsive force from the permanent magnet 75 is added to increase the rotational force in the rotational direction AR1.

  Further, when the tip of the permanent magnet 73 reaches the position D, the area of the region receiving the repulsive force from the permanent magnet 75 in the facing surface TS73 is increased, so that the rotational force in the rotational direction AR1 further increases.

  When the tip of the permanent magnet 73 reaches the position E, the area of the region that receives the repulsive force from the permanent magnet 75 is maximized, but the repulsive force due to the magnetic force in the space between the permanent magnet 75 on the downstream side (not shown). Is applied to the side surface SS73 on the downstream side in the rotation direction of the permanent magnet 73, and the increase in the rotational force is suppressed accordingly.

  Further, in the demagnetization block 78 provided at the upstream end of the rotor 72 rotation direction AR1 of the permanent magnet 75, the size of the bottom surface BS75 side portion of the permanent magnet 75 is larger than the size of the top surface TS75 side portion of the permanent magnet 75. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the magnetic lines of force from the permanent magnet 75 diffuse around the position shifted to the downstream side in the rotation direction of the rotor 72. Thereby, since the magnetic force to the exposed surface TS73 of the permanent magnet 73 is further increased, the propulsive force in the rotation direction of the rotor 72 is further increased.

  As described above, according to the flywheel 70 according to the present embodiment, the side surface and the bottom surface of the stator 74 are covered with the CNT sheet, and the surfaces of the permanent magnets 73 and 75 other than the opposing surfaces TS73 and TS75 are also CNT. Since it is covered with the sheet, the magnetic field lines are effectively prevented from diffusing and can be concentrated in the space between the permanent magnets 73 and 75. Thereby, the driving force in the rotation direction AR1 of the rotor 72 can be increased. In addition, since it is not necessary to provide an electromagnet on the stator 74 side, it is possible to provide a flywheel having a simple configuration and low energy loss. As a result, the flywheel can be further miniaturized and generalized.

  In the flywheel 70 of the present embodiment, when the rotor 72 continues to rotate at a high speed, for example, with no load held, it may be necessary to prevent an accident from occurring depending on the usage environment due to low energy loss. For this reason, the power generation device of the present embodiment is provided with a control mechanism that controls the rotational speed of the rotor 72.

  The control mechanism includes an encoder 82, a stepping motor 86, a ball screw 96, and a guide 98 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 in addition to the controller 100 and the load ammeter 84 shown in FIG.

  The encoder 82 is installed near the periphery of the rotor 72, detects the number of rotations of the rotor 72 per unit time, and sends the detection result to the controller 100.

  A threshold value for controlling rotation of the flywheel 70 is input to the controller 100 in advance or via an input device (not shown). The controller 100 monitors at least one of the rotation speed of the rotor 72 sent from the encoder 82 and the load current sent from the load ammeter 84, and if the rotation speed or load power exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the controller 100 A signal is generated and applied to the stepping motor 86. The command signal includes information on the rotation direction and rotation amount of the stepping motor 86.

  When receiving the command signal from the controller 100, the stepping motor 86 rotates in accordance with the commanded rotation amount by the commanded rotation amount in accordance with the command signal. The rotational force of the stepping motor 86 is transmitted to the ball screw 96 via the coupling 88, the timing belt 92, and the timing pulley 94, and the base of the ball screw 96 moves along the guide 98. The stator 74 moves along the direction in the direction indicated by the arrow AR2 in FIG. Thereby, the space | interval of the stator 74 and the rotor 72 is adjusted.

  For example, even when the generator 90 is not used and the connection with the generator 90 is released and no load is applied, it is necessary to supply the motor 30 with the minimum power necessary for the rotation of the rotor 72. In that case, in order to reduce the influence of the magnetic force such as cogging and to maintain the rotation of the rotor 72, the distance between the rotor 72 and the stator 74 is adjusted to be relatively wide.

  When the generator 90 is used by being connected to the generator 90 and an overload occurs, the rotor 72 is reduced according to the amount of current from the load ammeter 84 in order to reduce the load on the motor 30. The interval between the stator 74 and the stator 74 is changed to synchronize the increase / decrease in repulsion due to the magnetic force with the load motion.

  In order to supply stable power, the rotational speed of the flywheel 70 needs to be stabilized. For this reason, the controller 100 monitors the rotation speed of the rotor 72 by the encoder 82, and changes the interval between the rotor 72 and the stator 74 in conjunction with the occurrence of fluctuations in the rotation speed such as over-rotation or under-rotation. Adjust so that

  Further, when the power generator itself is stopped, the rotor 72 and the stator 74 are separated by the control mechanism to a distance where the mutual influence of the magnetic force does not occur between the permanent magnets 73 and 75.

  Here, the rotational speed of the flywheel 70 can also be adjusted by changing the shape of the rotor 72. In addition to forming the rotor 72 in a disk shape with a uniform thickness, in addition to lowering the mass near the center and lowering the overall mass, increasing the inertial mass by making the peripheral part thicker than the central part, etc. Can be made easier.

  Some of the modifications of the rotor 72 are shown in FIGS. The rotor 72A shown in the plan view of FIG. 7 is provided with an opening OP between the permanent magnet 73 and the central axis, thereby reducing the mass of the central portion. Further, the rotor 72B shown in the front view of FIG. 8 is formed so that the thickness gradually decreases from the periphery toward the center like a concave lens. Further, like the rotor 72C shown in the front view of FIG. 9, only the peripheral portion may be formed thick.

  In the present embodiment, for the sake of brevity, an example in which the eight permanent magnets 73 are arranged in eight-fold rotational symmetry has been described. However, the number of magnets is not limited to eight, of course, The number may be four or more than eight, for example, 12 or 24 or 36. At present, it has been found that the arrangement of 24 permanent magnets in each of the rotor 72 and the stator 74 is most efficient in converting electrical energy into kinetic energy. This also applies to the following second and third embodiments.

(2) Second Embodiment FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a power generator according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a transformer 110 connected between the generator 90 and the battery charger 95 is provided. The other components of the second embodiment are the same as the corresponding components of the first embodiment.

  The transformer 110 can transform AC power of AC 100 volts to AC 200 volts and supply the AC power to the motor 30. In this case, the transformer 110 can supplement a part of the power consumption of the motor 30. Thereby, the electric power burden of the DC-AC converter 20 is reduced.

  Further, when the battery charger 95 and / or the load is different from the voltage from the generator 90, the transformer 110 transforms the electric power from the generator 90 into a voltage suitable for the battery charger 95 and / or the load. Later power may be supplied to the battery charger 95 and / or the load. In this case, the transformer 110 may supply all of the power consumption of the battery charger 95 and / or the load. As a result, the DC-AC converter 20 only needs to drive the motor 30, so the power burden on the DC-AC converter 20 is further reduced.

  When the transformer 110 supplies power, the AC power generated from the generator 90 can be directly used as it is. In this case, since there is no need to convert the DC power from the battery 10 into AC power, the efficiency is better than when power is supplied from the battery 10.

  Thus, 2nd Embodiment can utilize the electric power generated with the generator 90 more efficiently by providing the transformer 110. FIG. Furthermore, 2nd Embodiment is provided with the flywheel 70 improved similarly to 1st Embodiment. Therefore, the second embodiment can obtain the same effect as the first embodiment.

(3) Third Embodiment FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a power generator according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The third embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that a dynamo that generates DC power is provided as a generator 93. Since the third embodiment uses a dynamo as the power generator 93, the AC power generator 90 and the battery charger 95 in the first embodiment are not necessary.

  The generator 93 generates DC power by rotating the shaft 91 and stores the generated power in the battery 10. That is, the generator 93 converts the kinetic energy of the rotor 72 into electrical energy and stores this electrical energy in the battery 10. In the third embodiment, the power generator 93 is a power generator capable of generating, for example, direct current power of 24 VDC and generating a maximum current of 50 A in accordance with the standard. In the third embodiment, the battery 10 is a 24-volt battery group in which two 12-volt batteries are connected in series.

  As in the third embodiment, the power generator according to the present invention can be realized not only by using the AC power generator 90 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 but also by using a DC power generator (dynamo) 93. . Since the third embodiment includes the improved flywheel 70 with a simple configuration and low energy loss, it is possible to convert electric energy to kinetic energy with high efficiency as in the first embodiment. it can.

  The power generator according to the above embodiment can be driven only by the battery 10. Therefore, the power generator according to the present embodiment is particularly useful in the outdoors where there is no commercial power source. Moreover, since fossil fuels such as oil and gasoline are not used, there is an advantage that it is good for the environment.

  The flywheel 70 according to the above embodiment is driven only by the battery 10 and does not require an external power source. Therefore, the flywheel 70 can be applied to, for example, passenger cars, and can generate power even in places where power supply is difficult, such as small ships and outdoor leisure. . Moreover, it is possible to generate power stably for 24 hours and 365 days without being influenced by the natural environment and weather, and even if the living infrastructure and social infrastructure are interrupted during a disaster, private power generation is possible. Since no fuel is used for power generation, there is no danger of a flammable explosion. In addition, for example, when a water battery is used as the battery 10, the power generation cost can be significantly reduced.

  In addition, the electric power generating apparatus and flywheel which concern on the said embodiment can be combined with a superconducting flywheel. However, the superconducting flywheel actually requires liquid nitrogen or liquid helium for cooling, resulting in high cost. At room temperature, superconductivity is at the stage of material development. Therefore, it can be said that the flywheel 70 according to the above embodiment is realistic and suitable for mass production at a low cost.

  In the first to third embodiments described above, for the sake of brevity, an example has been described in which eight permanent magnets 73 are arranged rotationally symmetrically eight times. Of course, the number of magnets is eight. The number is not limited to four, and may be four or more than eight, for example, twelve, twenty-four, or thirty-six. At present, it has been found that the arrangement of 24 permanent magnets in each of the rotor 72 and the stator 74 is most efficient in converting electrical energy into kinetic energy.

  Further, in the first to third embodiments described above, as indicated by the symbol AR1 in FIGS. 2, 3 and 6, the side where the interval between the permanent magnets 73 and 75 is wide is the upstream side in the rotational direction. The embodiment in which the rotor 72 rotates with the side where the distance between the permanent magnets 73 and 75 is narrow as the downstream side in the rotation direction has been described. However, the rotation direction of the rotor 72 is not limited to this, and when it is desired to increase the rotation torque in accordance with the magnitude of the load, the rotor 72 is moved in the direction opposite to the symbol AR1 in FIGS. You may make it rotate. In that case, what is necessary is just to control the motor 30 so that the rotation direction of the motor 30 may become a reverse direction.

(B) Flywheel Manufacturing Method Some of the embodiments of the manufacturing method of the flywheel 70 included in the power generator of the above-described embodiment will be briefly described with reference to FIGS.

(1) 1st Embodiment First, the permanent magnets 73 and 75 are prepared, and the surface except a mutual opposing surface is covered with a CNT seal | sticker. A water-based epoxy resin is used for coating the CNT seal.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 12, the permanent magnet 73 is turned upside down on the base 120 and fixed so that the top surface TS73 is in contact with the base 120, and mixed with a water-based epoxy resin using a printing technique. The CNTs (melted) are applied, dropped or sprayed onto the bottom surface BS73 of the permanent magnet 73. The printing technique may be a known printing technique such as a laser method or an ink jet method. At this time, since the CNT is in the form of ink, it is discharged from the nozzle 52 toward the permanent magnet 73.

  Next, the CNT dissolved in the water-based epoxy resin is heated. Thereby, while water | moisture content evaporates from a water-system epoxy resin, an epoxy resin crimps | bonds CNT to the permanent magnet 73 with a heat | fever. The CNT adheres (adsorbs) to the bottom surface BS73 of the permanent magnet 73 by the epoxy resin.

  Next, the base 120 is tilted to change the position so that the side surface of the permanent magnet 73, for example, the side surface SS73A faces upward (not shown). As in the case of the bottom surface BS 73, the CNT mixed (dissolved) in the water-based epoxy resin is ejected from the nozzle 52 by using a printing technique, thereby being applied, dripped or sprayed onto the side surface SS 73 A of the permanent magnet 73.

  Next, the CNT dissolved in the water-based epoxy resin is heated. Thereby, while water | moisture content evaporates from a water-system epoxy resin, an epoxy resin crimps | bonds CNT to the permanent magnet 73 with a heat | fever. The CNT adheres (adsorbs) to the bottom surface BS73 of the permanent magnet 73 by the epoxy resin.

  Hereinafter, the same process (application, dripping or spraying of CNT dissolved in an aqueous epoxy resin → pressure bonding by heating) is repeated for the other side surfaces SS73B to SS73D. As a result, the surface of the permanent magnet 73 other than the top surface TS73 is coated with the CNT sheet.

  The permanent magnet 75 is covered with a CNT sheet on the bottom surface BT75 and the side surfaces except for the top surface TS75 by the same process.

  That is, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, the permanent magnet 75 is turned upside down on the base 120 so that the top surface TS75 is in contact with the base 120, and is fixed to the water-based epoxy resin by using a printing technique. The mixed (melted) CNT is applied, dripped or sprayed onto the bottom surface BS75 of the permanent magnet 75. The printing technique may be a known printing technique such as a laser method or an ink jet method. At this time, since the CNT is in the form of ink, it is discharged from the nozzle 152 toward the permanent magnet 75.

  Next, the CNT dissolved in the water-based epoxy resin is heated. As a result, moisture evaporates from the water-based epoxy resin, and the epoxy resin presses the CNT against the permanent magnet 75 by heat. The CNT adheres (adsorbs) to the bottom surface BS75 of the permanent magnet 75 by the epoxy resin.

  Next, the base 120 is tilted, and the position is changed so that the side surface of the permanent magnet 75, for example, the side surface SS75A faces upward (not shown). Similarly to the top surface TS75, the CNT mixed (dissolved) in the water-based epoxy resin is discharged from the nozzle 152 by using a printing technique, and is applied, dripped or sprayed onto the side surface SS75A of the permanent magnet 75. Furthermore, by heating the CNT dissolved in the water-based epoxy resin, moisture is evaporated from the water-based epoxy resin, and the CNT is pressed (adsorbed) to the permanent magnet 75 by the epoxy resin.

  Thereafter, the other three side surfaces SS75B to 75D are processed in the same manner, so that the CNTs are pressure-bonded (adsorbed) to the permanent magnet 75 using an epoxy resin.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 13, a rotor plate 72 </ b> B is prepared in which concave portions 172 are arranged in advance corresponding to the shape of the permanent magnet 73. The bottom surface of the recess 172 is inclined in advance so that the depth changes along the rotation direction of the rotor 72.

  Next, for example, an adhesive (not shown) is applied to the concave portion 172, and then aligned so that the top surface TS73 of the permanent magnet 73 faces upward, and the permanent magnet 73 is fitted into the concave portion 172, and a known method is used. Then fix the adhesive by solidifying it.

  The permanent magnet 75 is demagnetized by a known method, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, extending from the end of the top surface TS75 upstream of the rotational direction AR1 of the rotor 72 to the side of the bottom surface BS75 through the side surface SS75. A block 78 is provided.

  After that, as shown in FIG. 14, after preparing a stator plate 74B in which a concave portion 174 is disposed in advance corresponding to the shape of the permanent magnet 75, and applying, for example, an adhesive (not shown) to the concave portion 174, Positioning is performed so that the top surface TS75 of the permanent magnet 75 faces upward, the permanent magnet 75 is fitted into the recess 174, and is fixed by a known method.

  Thereafter, a guide 98 is attached to the casing 210 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) using a known assembling method, and the spacing adjustment including the stepping motor 86, the coupling 88, the timing belt 92, the timing pulley 94, and the ball screw 96 is performed. After assembling the mechanism, the flywheel 70 is provided by attaching the stator 74 and aligning the rotor 72 with the rotary shaft 60 and rotatably mounting on the stator 74.

(2) Second Embodiment In the manufacturing method described above, the permanent magnets 73 and 75 are fixed after being aligned with the concave portions 172 and 174 of each plate, but they are adjacent to each other depending on the size of the plate and the number of magnets. In some cases, the repulsive force of the matching magnets acts strongly on each other, and the alignment accuracy deteriorates. In such a case, instead of using the permanent magnets 73 and 75 from the beginning, a magnetic metal chip having the same shape is used, and this is covered with a CNT sheet, and the concave portion of the rotor plate 72B shown in FIG. 172 is fixed by being inserted into the concave portion 174 of the stator plate 74B shown in FIG. 14 for the stator 74, and thereafter, the rotor plate 72B and the stator plate 74B are collectively attached to each other. Also good.

  As a magnetizing method for the rotor 72, for example, as shown in FIG. 15, the magnetic metal chip 173 is fitted and fixed in the recess 172 of the rotor plate 72B shown in FIG. 11, and the entire rotor plate 72B is fixed in this state. It is attached to the magnetizing device 300 and magnetized in a lump.

  Similarly, as a magnetization method for the stator 74, for example, as shown in FIG. 16, the magnetic metal chip 175 is fitted and fixed in the recess 174 of the stator plate 74B shown in FIG. The entire 74B is attached to the magnetizing device 300 and magnetized in a lump.

  According to the present embodiment, the permanent magnets 73 and 75 can be accurately arranged at desired positions of the rotor plate 72B and the stator plate 74B, respectively, so that a flywheel can be manufactured with high accuracy.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Battery, 30 ... Motor, 60 ... Rotating shaft, 70 ... Flywheel, 72 ... Rotor, 73 ... (1st) Permanent magnet, 74 ... Stator, 75 ... (2nd) Permanent magnet, 82 ... Encoder, 84 ... Load ammeter, 86 ... stepping motor, 88 ... coupling, 90, 93 ... generator, 92 ... timing belt, 96 ... ball screw, 98 ... guide, 100 ... controller, 173 ... (first) magnetic metal tip, 175 ... (second) magnetic metal chip, 300 ... magnetizing device, CNT ... carbon nanotube, OP ... opening, TS72 ... opposing surface (first surface), TS74 ... opposing surface (second surface).

Claims (13)

A rotating shaft provided rotatably,
A rotor fixed to the rotating shaft and rotatable with the rotating shaft;
A stator that is disposed opposite the rotor and does not rotate;
With
The rotor has a plurality of first permanent magnets provided on a first surface facing the stator,
The stator is provided on the second surface facing the rotor, corresponding to the first permanent magnets, and has a plurality of second permanent magnets having the same polarity as the first permanent magnets,
In the first permanent magnet, at least a part of the surface excluding the third surface facing the stator is covered with carbon nanotubes,
In the second permanent magnet, at least a part of the surface excluding the fourth surface facing the rotor is covered with carbon nanotubes,
A flywheel characterized by that.   2. The flywheel according to claim 1, wherein the first permanent magnet is provided on the rotor so that the third surface is inclined so as to form an acute angle with the second surface.   The second permanent magnet further includes a metal block provided on the side close to the first permanent magnet so as to extend from a part of the fourth surface to a part of the bottom surface via the side surface. The flywheel according to claim 2, wherein the flywheel is provided.   4. The flywheel according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of a surface of the stator excluding the second surface is covered with carbon nanotubes. 5.   5. The flywheel according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the rotor and the stator has a peripheral edge side thicker than a thickness of the rotating shaft side.   6. The opening according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the rotor and the stator is provided with an opening between the first or second permanent magnet and the rotating shaft. The described flywheel. A rechargeable battery that supplies power;
The flywheel according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
A motor that is supplied with electric power from the battery and rotates the rotating shaft;
A generator that converts the kinetic energy of the rotor into electrical energy to charge the battery;
A power generator comprising:   The power generation device according to claim 7, further comprising a control mechanism that adjusts a distance between the rotor and the stator by moving the stator in an axial direction of the rotation shaft.   The power generation apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the control mechanism includes an encoder that detects the number of rotations of the rotating shaft, and a controller that operates the control mechanism based on a detection result of the encoder. The control mechanism further includes a current sensor that detects an amount of current flowing through a load connected to the power generation device,
The controller calculates the power of the load from the detection result of the current sensor, and operates the control mechanism based on at least one of the rotational speed of the rotating shaft and the power of the load. The power generation device according to 9. A flywheel manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
Carbon in which at least a part of the surfaces of the first and second permanent magnets excluding the first and second surfaces is contained in an aqueous epoxy resin by applying, dripping or spraying carbon nanotubes Covering with nanotubes,
Thermocompression bonding the carbon nanotubes on the first and second permanent magnets;
A method of manufacturing a flywheel comprising: A flywheel manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
Performing magnetization on a plurality of first and second magnetic metal chips to form the first and second permanent magnets;
Of the surfaces of the first and second magnetic metal chips, the surfaces excluding the first and second surfaces that are opposed to the second and first magnetic chips by applying, dripping or spraying carbon nanotubes. Covering at least a portion with carbon nanotubes contained in a water-based epoxy resin;
Thermocompression bonding the carbon nanotubes on the first and second magnetic metal tips;
Disposing the first magnetic metal tip on the surface of the rotor in a rotationally symmetrical manner so that the first surface of the first magnetic metal tip is exposed;
Disposing the second magnetic metal chip at a position corresponding to the first magnetic metal chip on the surface of the stator so that the second surface of the second magnetic metal chip is exposed;
With
The magnetization is performed after disposing the first magnetic metal tip on the rotor and disposing the second magnetic metal tip on the stator.
The manufacturing method of the flywheel characterized by the above-mentioned.   The first permanent magnet or the first magnetic tip is inclined to the rotor so that a surface facing the stator forms an acute angle between a surface facing the rotor of the stator and a horizontal surface. The flywheel manufacturing method according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the flywheel is provided.

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