JP6080290B2 - Solar power system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a solar power generation system that converts DC power generated by a solar cell module installed on a roof of a building into AC power, supplies the AC power to a load, and stores and uses the power in a power storage device.

  In recent years, the installation of solar power generation systems using solar energy has been expanded, and in particular, the spread to ordinary homes has been rapidly progressing with the nuclear power plant accident in the Great East Japan Earthquake.

  A photovoltaic power generation system converts DC power generated by a solar cell module installed on the roof of a building into AC power by a power conditioner, and supplies power to equipment in the building by cooperating with a commercial power system At the same time, the generated power can be sold to an electric power company.

  Here, since the output voltage of a solar cell module alone is low, a unit in which a plurality of solar cell modules are connected in series is referred to as a solar cell string, and the solar cell string is a south surface or a north surface of a building roof. For example, one solar power generation system is configured by dividing and arranging in four systems such as the east surface and the west surface in parallel.

  On the other hand, by combining the power storage device with the solar power generation system, the power storage device can be charged with the DC power surplus from the solar power generation, and the power stored in the power storage device can be used during the daytime when power consumption increases. This makes it possible to save electricity and use power economically.

The power storage device includes a battery module (assembled battery) in which a plurality of single cells called cells are connected. In addition, the cells installed in power storage devices have shifted from conventional nickel-hydrogen batteries to lithium-ion batteries that can be charged even at home, and the use of solar power generation systems that combine lithium-ion power storage devices has begun. . Further, in order to ensure weather resistance and safety, the power storage device is installed outdoors in the vicinity of the building, with the lithium ion battery housed in a sealed housing made of a metal material.

JP 2002-238246 A JP 2009-064809 A JP 2011-0447703 A

  With the widespread use of solar power generation systems combined with such lithium-ion power storage devices in general homes, it is expected that power storage devices will also increase in the future when buildings are hit by fires. .

  When a building with a power storage device is hit by a fire, depending on the fire situation, it is assumed that the power storage device placed outdoors near the building is exposed to flames and the inside of the housing is hot. When the temperature exceeds the flash point, there is a concern that the stored lithium ion battery may ignite.

  Lithium-ion batteries use electrolytes containing flammable organic solvents such as dimethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate. Since these electrolytes have a flash point similar to petroleum products, they are dangerous substances under the Fire Service Act. Corresponds to (flammable liquid).

  However, the amount of electrolyte per lithium ion battery is very small, about 2 cc to 100 cc, and even a battery module to which a plurality of lithium ion batteries are connected must not reach an amount corresponding to a hazardous material under the Fire Service Act. Therefore, as long as the safety standards for lithium-ion batteries are satisfied, it is not a rule to be subject to fire regulations.

  However, according to a combustion experiment conducted by exposing a lithium ion battery to a flame, it is reported that the scale of combustion varies depending on the charging rate of the lithium battery.

  The lithium ion battery stored in the power storage device has a charging rate of 50% in the storage state, and is fully charged with a charging rate of 100% by charging by solar power generation or charging using midnight power.

  For example, in a lithium ion battery with a 50% charge rate, the maximum flame with a spark when burning is about 30-40 cm, but when the charge rate is 100%, the flame with a spark when burning is 1 meter. It is spread over the range. For this reason, when a lithium ion battery is exposed to a flame and burns, the higher the charging rate, the wider the range of flames accompanied by sparks from combustion, and the degree of combustion expands explosively.

  If a power storage device containing a large number of lithium-ion batteries with such combustion properties is exposed to a fire due to a building fire, and even one lithium-ion battery is ignited, the other batteries stored inside are chained. If the lithium ion battery is at 100% full charge or at a charge rate close to 100%, there is a risk of causing a chain explosion fire.

An object of this invention is to provide the solar power generation system provided with the lithium ion electrical storage apparatus which can suppress the explosive combustion of a lithium ion battery with the fire of a building.

(Solar power generation system 1 )
The present invention
A solar power generation apparatus installed in a building, which converts direct-current power generated by receiving sunlight into AC power and supplying it to a commercial AC load;
A power storage device comprising a battery module containing a plurality of lithium ion batteries, and storing and using DC power generated by the solar power generation device in the battery module;
In a photovoltaic power generation system equipped with
Fire detection means for outputting a fire detection signal when a building fire is detected;
When receiving the fire detection signal from the fire detection means, and control means for reducing the charge rate of the lithium ion battery,
Equipped with a,
When the fire detection signal is received, the control means converts the DC power stored in the battery module into AC power, supplies the AC power to the load, and discharges the battery module .

(Discharge operation by resistance connection and conversion to AC power )
Control means supplies to the load by converting DC power stored in the battery module into AC power upon receiving the fire detection signal, and a resistor means in the battery module, Ru is discharged the battery module.

( Details of discharge operation by conversion to AC power)
Solar power generator
Solar cell strings that connect a plurality of solar cell modules and output DC power generated by receiving sunlight, and
A DC / DC converter for converting the output voltage of the solar cell strings into a predetermined voltage and outputting the combined DC power, and storing the DC power in a power storage device;
A DC / AC inverter that converts DC power output from the DC / DC converter into AC power and links it to a commercial AC system;
A bidirectional DC / DC converter for stepping down the DC power output from the DC / DC converter to charge the power storage device and boosting the DC power discharged from the power storage device to output to the DC / AC inverter;
With
When the fire detection signal is received, the control means controls the DC / DC converter to the stop state, controls the bidirectional DC / DC converter to the boost conversion operation state, and further controls the DC / AC inverter to the operation state. By doing so, the DC power stored in the battery module is supplied to the load and discharged .

( Fire detection means )
Fire detection means
When a fire is detected in a warning area in a building, a fire alarm indicating the link source is output, and a fire link signal is transmitted wirelessly or by wire, and other fire alarm means wirelessly or wire-transmitted. Fire alarm means that outputs a fire alarm indicating the linkage destination when receiving
Adapter means for outputting a fire detection signal to the control means when the fire alarm means receives a fire-linked signal transmitted wirelessly or by wire; and
Is provided.

( Automatic fire alarm system )
Fire detection means
A disaster prevention receiver that is installed in a warning area in a building and outputs a fire alarm and transmits a fire-linked signal to the outside wirelessly or by wire when a fire is detected by a fire detection terminal device.
Adapter means for outputting a fire detection signal to the control means when the disaster prevention receiver receives a fire-linked signal transmitted wirelessly or by wire; and
Is provided.

(Solar power generation system 2)
The present invention
A solar power generation apparatus installed in a building, which converts direct-current power generated by receiving sunlight into AC power and supplying it to a commercial AC load;
A power storage device comprising a battery module containing a plurality of lithium ion batteries, and storing and using DC power generated by the solar power generation device in the battery module;
In a photovoltaic power generation system equipped with
When a fire is detected in a warning area in a building, a fire alarm indicating the link source is output, and a fire link signal is transmitted wirelessly or by wire, and other fire alarm means wirelessly or wire-transmitted. Fire alarm means that outputs a fire alarm indicating the linkage destination when receiving
Adapter means for outputting a fire detection signal when the fire alarm means receives a fire-linked signal transmitted wirelessly or by wire; and
As normal control, the DC power generated by the photovoltaic power generator is stored in the battery module, and when the fire detection signal from the adapter means is received, the battery module is stopped and stored in the battery module. Control means for discharging direct current power to reduce the charging rate of the lithium ion battery;
With
The fire alarm means wirelessly or wiredly transmits an alarm stop interlocking signal when a fire recovery is detected or an alarm stop operation is detected.
The adapter means stops the output of the fire detection signal to the control means when the fire alarm means receives the alarm stop interlocking signal transmitted wirelessly or by wire.
The control means is characterized in that when the output stop of the fire detection signal is detected, the discharge of the battery module is stopped to return to the normal control .

(Basic effect)
The solar power generation system of the present invention includes a power storage device that stores a plurality of lithium ion batteries that store and use DC power generated by a solar power generation device, and detects a fire from a fire detection means that detects a fire in a building When a signal is received, the DC power stored in the battery module of the power storage device is discharged to reduce the charging rate of the lithium ion battery. Since it takes a certain amount of time to be exposed, during that time the DC power stored in the battery module of the power storage device is forcibly discharged to reduce the charging rate of the lithium ion battery as much as possible. Even if the lithium ion battery in the power storage device is ignited by exposure to a flame, if the discharge proceeds to a state close to 0%, for example, the flammable electrolysis in the battery There requires the combustion of a small flame by burning, making it possible to prevent the explosion of fire that blow flames lithium ion battery is accompanied by sparks in advance that cause a chain reaction.

(Effect of discharge operation by resistance connection)
When the control means receives the fire detection signal, the resistance means is connected to the battery module of the power storage device to discharge the stored DC power, so that the resistance value of the resistance means flows as large as possible. By deciding, the battery module can be rapidly discharged, and the charge rate of the lithium ion battery can be reduced to 0% or a value close to it in the shortest possible time after detecting a fire.

(Effect of discharge operation by conversion to AC power)
When the control means receives the fire detection signal, it converts the DC power of the power storage device into AC power, supplies it to the load, and discharges the DC power stored in the battery module of the power storage device. By using the function of converting the DC power provided in the device to AC power as it is, the charge rate of the lithium ion battery can be reduced to 0% or a value close to it in the shortest possible time after detecting a fire. .

(Effect of discharge operation by resistance connection and conversion to AC power)
When the fire detection signal is received, the control means converts the DC power stored in the battery module of the power storage device into AC power, supplies the load to the load, and discharges the DC power stored in the battery module of the power storage device. Since the DC power stored by connecting the resistance means is discharged, by combining the function of converting the DC power provided in the solar power generation device into AC power and the rapid discharge by the connection of the resistance means, Furthermore, rapid discharge with increased discharge current is performed, and the charge rate of the lithium ion battery can be reduced to 0% or a value close to it in a shorter time after detecting a fire.

(Effects of fire detection means)
DC power stored in the battery module of the power storage device by receiving the fire-linked signal wirelessly transmitted by the fire alarm means installed in the alert area in the house and detecting the fire with the adapter means and outputting the fire detection signal to the control means Therefore, it is possible to easily send a fire detection new signal and discharge the battery module of the power storage device without requiring a signal line for the power storage device installed indoors.

Explanatory drawing showing the photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention installed in a house The block diagram which showed embodiment of the solar power generation device with the electrical storage apparatus Block diagram showing the general configuration of the home alarm Block diagram showing schematic configuration of adapter device

[Outline of photovoltaic power generation system]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention installed in a house. In FIG. 1, the solar power generation system of the present invention includes a solar power generation device and a power storage device. A solar power generation device installs the solar cell module 12 on the roof of the house 10, converts solar energy into DC power, and outputs it. The solar cell module 12 is also referred to as a solar cell panel.

  The solar cell module 12 has a plurality of solar cells arranged and connected in series, and since the output per solar cell module is small, a plurality of solar cell modules are connected in series to form one group. This group is called solar cell strings.

  The power lines from the solar cell strings composed of a plurality of solar cell modules 12 are collected in the connection box 14, and the connection box 14 has the output voltage from the solar cell strings aligned to a predetermined voltage by a one-way DC / DC converter. Later, they are connected in parallel and gathered together and sent to the power conditioner 16. In addition, the unidirectional DC / DC converter provided in the connection box 14 performs maximum power point tracking control so that the solar cell can generate power with the maximum power.

  The power conditioner 16 has a DC / AC inverter that functions to convert the DC power generated by the solar cell module 12 into AC power that can be used in general electric equipment, and thus functions as an orthogonal conversion unit. The power conditioner 16 plays a role of matching the voltage, frequency, number of phases, number of lines, etc. so that it can be connected to a commercial AC system of an electric power company.

  A monitor device 20 is connected to the power conditioner 16, and the monitor device 20 includes a display unit and an operation unit, and displays an operation state of the photovoltaic power generation system, a failure display, a necessary operation operation, and the like.

  A power storage device 18 installed outside the house 10 is connected to the power conditioner 16 by a power line. Along with the provision of the power storage device 18, the power conditioner 16 is provided with a bidirectional DC / DC converter. The bi-directional DC / DC converter steps down (converts down) DC power generated by solar power output from the connection box 14 to a predetermined DC voltage to charge the power storage device 18 and also stores the DC power stored in the power storage device 18. The voltage is boosted (boost converted) to a predetermined DC voltage and output to the DC / AC inverter.

  The power storage device 18 houses one or a plurality of battery modules (assembled batteries) in which a plurality of lithium ion batteries are connected in series, and converts a direct current power generated by solar power supplied from the connection box 14 into a bidirectional DC / DC converter. For example, the DC power stored in the daytime when the power consumption is maximum in the house is discharged via the bidirectional DC / DC converter, and the discharged DC power is supplied to the DC / AC of the power conditioner 16. It is converted into AC power by an inverter and supplied.

  The lithium ion battery stored in the power storage device 18 is a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery. For example, an electrode body together with a non-aqueous electrolyte is placed in a flat rectangular box-shaped or cylindrical outer container formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. I have. The electrode body of a lithium ion battery is formed into a flat rectangular shape or a cylindrical shape by, for example, winding a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate in a spiral with a separator interposed therebetween, and further compressing in a radial direction. Yes. In addition, as the lithium ion battery, a plurality of laminate type single cells (film exterior batteries) may be arranged in the storage container.

  For example, 18 lithium ion batteries are arrayed and connected in series to the battery module, and two sets of battery modules are connected in parallel. Here, if the average cell voltage of the lithium ion battery is 3.6 volts, for example, the voltage of one battery module is about 65 volts, and the two terminals of the battery module are connected in parallel, so that the direct current at the output terminal of the power storage device 18 can be reduced. The voltage is also about 65 volts.

  In addition, the power storage device 18 includes a predetermined number of battery modules and a battery module in a hermetically sealed case made of a steel plate having a thickness of 1.6 mm or more, for example, in order to suppress an increase in internal temperature due to exposure to flame. Contains the control circuit section.

  A power line from the power conditioner 16 is connected to a distribution board 22, and a power line of a commercial AC system of a power company is connected to the distribution board 22 from a pole transformer 25 or the like via a power meter 24. AC power from the system or commercial AC system is supplied to a load such as an electric device installed in the house via the distribution board 22. In addition, it is possible to sell power by supplying AC power based on the power generation of the solar cell system output from the power conditioner 16 to the commercial AC system of the power company via the power meter 24 from the distribution board 22. The distribution board 22 draws in and connects a power line of a commercial AC system by, for example, a single-phase three-wire system.

  In such a solar power generation system, in the present invention, when a fire occurs in the house 10, it functions as a control unit that forcibly discharges the power storage device 18 so as to reduce the charging rate of the lithium ion battery. A system control unit is provided in the power conditioner 16, for example.

  Since the system control unit that performs forced discharge of the power storage device 18 detects and operates a fire in the house 10, for example, a wireless interlocking house alarm 26 that functions as a fire detection unit in the house 10 and solar power generation An adapter device 28 is provided that functions as adapter means for the system.

The home alarm 26 is known as a home fire alarm that detects and alerts a fire in a house, etc., operates with a battery power source, and alarms the fire with a sensor unit that detects the temperature or smoke concentration associated with the fire. An alarm unit is integrated, and when a fire is detected based on the temperature or smoke density detection signal from the sensor unit, a fire alarm indicating the source of the interlock is output from the alarm unit, and the fire interlock signal is transmitted wirelessly to other housing alarms. to output the fire alarm sound indicating the interlocking destination in other home alarm.

  The adapter device 28 is operated by a battery power supply in the same manner as the home alarm device 26. When the fire alarm signal wirelessly transmitted by the home alarm device 26 is received, the adapter device 28, for example, outputs a fire detection signal as a no-voltage contact signal and the monitor device 20 To the system controller provided on the power conditioner 16 side, and the control to forcibly discharge the power storage device 18 is performed.

  In addition, the fire detection means is composed of a wireless interlocking house alarm 26 and an adapter device 28. In addition, a stand-alone house alarm having no interlocking function is installed in the house 10, and the fire detector is moved from the house alarm. System control provided on the power conditioner 16 side by connecting the alarm signal line to the monitor device 20 and using the monitor device 20 as a fire detection signal as a fire detection signal output when a fire is detected and alarmed The power storage device 18 may be controlled to be forcibly discharged.

[Configuration of solar power generator]
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a solar power generation device according to the present invention together with a power storage device. The power line is indicated by a solid line, and the signal line is indicated by a dotted line.

  In FIG. 2, the solar power generation device of this embodiment includes solar cell strings 11-1 to 11-n functioning as a solar cell array, DC / DC converters 32-1 to 32-n provided in a connection box 14, and power. A DC / AC inverter 34 provided in the conditioner 16, a bidirectional DC / DC converter 36, a system control unit 46 functioning as a control means, and a commercial AC system 30 on the distribution board 22 side in FIG. The DC / DC converters 32-1 to 32-n may be provided in the power conditioner 16.

The solar cell strings 11-1 to 11-n have a predetermined number of solar cell modules 12 connected in series, and are installed separately on, for example, four sides of the roof of a house, such as east, west, south, and north. In this embodiment, the solar cell module 12 of the solar cell strings 11-1 to 11-n by the same number, if the conditions for receiving sunlight are the same, the DC output from the solar cell strings 11 -1 to 11 -n The power is almost the same.

  Following the solar cell strings 11-1 to 11-n, DC / DC converters 32-1 to 32-n are provided, and the secondary sides thereof are connected in parallel and output to the power conditioner 16. The DC / DC converters 32-1 to 32-n are assumed to have different voltages output from the solar cell strings 11-1 to 11-n, and are converted into a predetermined voltage and then combined with the power conditioner 16. Output.

  For example, when four solar cell strings 11-1 to 11-4 are installed on four sides of the east, west, north, and south of the roof, the arrangement areas of the four surfaces are not all the same, and the number of solar cell modules 12 is different. As a result, the output characteristics are not the same. Even if the number of the solar cell modules 12 is the same, the output characteristics are not the same because of the difference in the amount of solar radiation on the roof surface. For this reason, if the outputs of the solar cell strings 11-1 to 11-n are connected in parallel as they are and output to the power conditioner 16, even if the maximum power point tracking control is performed by the power conditioner 16, the outputs differ from each other. Due to the characteristics, there is a solar cell string that generates power at an operating point deviating from the maximum power point.

  On the other hand, the DC / DC converters 32-1 to 32-n are operated by providing the DC / DC converters 32-1 to 32-n independently to each of the solar cell strixes 11-1 to 11-n. Performs the maximum power point tracking control of the solar cell so that the connected solar cell strings 11-1 to 11-n can generate the maximum power.

  The maximum power point tracking control by the DC / DC converters 32-1 to 32-n is a target command so that the generated power can be obtained most efficiently from the solar cell strings 11-1 to 11-n with respect to the illuminance that changes depending on the weather. A value (output current instruction value) and a target voltage are set, and the power generation output voltage and power generation output current of the solar cell strings 11-1 to 11-n are controlled.

  The DC / AC inverter 34 provided in the power conditioner 16 receives direct current power generated by solar power input from the combined output of the DC / DC inverters 32-1 to 32-n, or direct current power input by discharging the power storage device 18. It is converted into AC power and supplied (connected) to the commercial AC system 30. The AC output of the DC / AC converter 34 is a single-phase three-wire system in accordance with the drawing of the commercial AC system of the distribution board 22 in FIG.

  When charging power storage device 18, bidirectional DC / DC converter 36 steps down the DC voltage of the DC power input from one-way DC / DC converters 32-1 to 32-n and outputs the voltage to power storage device 18. Let it charge. Further, when discharging the power storage device 18, the bidirectional DC / DC converter 36 boosts the DC voltage of the DC power output from the power storage device 18, for example, boosts it to the DC / AC inverter 34 and stores it in the power storage device 18. Discharge direct current power.

[Configuration of power storage device]
For the solar power generation device, the power storage device 18 is further connected to the primary side of the power conditioner 16. The power storage device 18 includes one or a plurality of battery modules 38 in which a plurality of lithium ion batteries are connected in series, a battery control unit 40 that controls the plurality of lithium ion batteries provided in the battery module 38, and a rapid discharge unit 42.

  The battery control unit 40 includes a cell control function and a battery control function. The cell control function is configured by a plurality of integrated circuits provided for each battery that manages and controls the state of a plurality of lithium ion batteries (cell batteries) according to a command from the battery control function. The management and control of the states of a plurality of lithium ion batteries include measurement of the voltage of each lithium ion battery, adjustment of the amount of electricity stored in each lithium ion battery, and the like.

  The battery control function manages and controls the state of the battery module 38 and notifies the host system control unit 46 of a charge / discharge control command such as the state of the battery module 38 and allowable charge / discharge power. The management and control of the state of the battery module 38 by the battery control function includes measurement of the battery voltage and current, calculation of the storage state and deterioration state, measurement of the temperature of the battery module 38, and measurement of the cell voltage of the lithium ion battery. Output, and a command for adjusting the amount of stored cell power.

The rapid discharge unit 42 includes a series circuit of a switch unit 42a and a discharge resistor 42b serving as resistance means, and the discharge current determined by the output voltage of the battery module 38 and the resistance value of the discharge resistor 42b by closing the switch unit 42a. I try to flow. As the resistance value of the discharge resistor 42b, a resistance value that enables a current close to the maximum discharge current of the battery module 38 to flow is used. In addition, since a relatively large discharge current flows through the discharging resistor 42b, a resistor having a rated wattage corresponding to this is used. For example, as the discharge resistor 42b, a cement resistor or a winding resistor that can obtain a large rated watt is used.

[Control of system controller]
The system control unit 46 performs system operation control of the photovoltaic power generation system and discharge control of the power storage device 18 when a fire is detected.

(System operation control)
For example, when solar power generation is performed during the daytime, the system operation control of the system control unit 46 supplies power generated by solar power to the load of the house 10 and charges the power storage device 18 with surplus power. Then, control is performed to discharge from the power storage device 18 and use it in the house 10 during a power peak time period when the power consumption of the house increases or during a night time period when solar power generation stops.

  In addition, when the power storage device 18 is fully charged due to surplus power of solar power generation and power is surplus, control to sell power to the commercial AC system 30 is performed.

  Referring to FIG. 2 in detail, the solar cell strings 11-1 to 11-n receive sunlight to generate power, and when the output voltage by solar power generation exceeds a predetermined voltage, the DC / DC provided in the connection box 14 Converters 32-1 to 32-n operate, and maximum power point tracking control is started so that solar cell strings 11-1 to 11-n can generate power with the maximum power.

  The DC power converted by the DC / DC converters 32-1 to 32-n is converted into AC power by the DC / AC inverter 34 of the power conditioner 16 after being combined and supplied to the commercial AC system 30 including the load of the house 10. The battery control unit 40 of the power storage device 18 starts charging control for the battery module 38 based on the charging instruction from the system control unit 46, and stops charging control when full charging of the battery module 38 is detected.

  In addition, at the peak power consumption time of the house or the night time when solar power generation stops, the battery control unit 40 starts the discharge control of the battery module 38 according to the control instruction from the system control unit 46, and stores the power. The electric power discharged from the device 18 and stored in the house 10 is consumed.

  Note that the above-described system operation control of the solar power generation system is an example, and various solar power generation device operation control, power storage device operation control, and operation control in which the solar power generation device and the power storage device are linked as necessary. I do.

(Discharge control of power storage device)
The system control unit 46 performs the following discharge control when the house 10 of FIG. 1 in which the photovoltaic power generation system is installed is hit by a fire.

  In the unlikely event that a fire occurs in the house 10, the residence guard 26 installed in the room that became the source of fire detects the smoke concentration associated with the fire, for example, and if the smoke concentration exceeds a predetermined threshold, it is linked. While outputting the fire alarm sound which shows the origin, the alarm display LED mounted in the residence guard 26 is lighted, and also a fire interlocking signal is transmitted by radio.

  The fire-linked signal transmitted by the resident alarm 26 that has detected and alarmed the fire is received by the other resident alarm 26 installed in the house 10 and outputs a fire alarm sound indicating the linked destination and an alarm display LED. For example flashes.

  The fire-linked signal transmitted from the resident alarm 26 that has detected and alarmed the fire is also received by the adapter device 28, and the adapter device 28 outputs a fire detection signal, and the fire detection signal is powered via the monitor device 20. It is sent to the system control unit 46 of FIG. 2 provided in the conditioner 16.

  When the system control unit 46 receives a fire detection signal, the system control unit 46 controls to open the secondary power line circuit of the DC / DC converters 32-1 to 32-n and stops the charging control for the battery module 38. Then, so-called forced discharge control is performed in which the DC power stored in the power storage device 18 is discharged to reduce the charging rate of the lithium ion battery.

  The system control unit 46 performs first forced discharge control and second forced discharge control as forced discharge control.

In the first forced discharge control by the system control unit 46, the switch unit 42a provided in the rapid discharge unit 42 connected in parallel to the battery module 38 of the power storage device 18 is turned on to connect the discharge resistor 42b. A discharge current flows from the battery module 38 through the discharge resistor 42b to discharge.

  In the second forced discharge control by the system control unit 46, the bidirectional DC / DC converter 36 is controlled to be in a step-up conversion operation state for converting DC power in the discharge direction, and the DC / AC inverter 34 is controlled to be in an operation state. The DC power stored in the battery module 38 of the power storage device 18 is boosted and converted by the bidirectional DC / DC converter 36 and output to the DC / AC inverter 34. The DC / AC inverter 34 converts the DC power into AC power. The DC power stored in the battery module 38 is discharged to the commercial AC system 30 including 10 loads and the power company system.

  Further, the system control unit 46 instructs the battery control unit 40 to perform discharge control with the allowable maximum discharge current, and performs control to discharge the lithium ion battery provided in the battery module 38 with the allowable maximum discharge current.

By such first and second forced discharge control by the system control unit 46, for example, the fully charged power storage device 18 is rapidly discharged, and the charging rate of the lithium ion battery is rapidly reduced.

  After the fire is detected and alarmed by the residential alarm 26 shown in FIG. 1, the fire spreads to the house 10, the power storage device 18 installed outdoors is exposed to the flame, and the temperature in the housing rises. It takes a certain amount of time to reach a temperature at which the stored lithium ion battery ignites. During this time, the power storage device 18 is forcibly discharged, and the lithium ion battery ignites by any chance. Even if a situation occurs, it can be expected that the charging rate is desirably reduced to 50% or less, and the ignition rate in the battery is higher than that in the case of firing at a charging rate of 100% or close to that. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of a chain of explosion fires in which a lithium ion battery blows out a flame with a spark.

On the other hand, carried out during the discharge control of the power storage device 18, or home alarm 26 detects a fire reset transmits the fire restoration interlocking signal, residents confirmed not to be fire alarm stop operation of the home alarm 26 When the system controller 46 detects the stop of the fire detection signal via the monitor device 20 when the adapter device 28 receives the alarm stop interlock signal and stops the output of the fire detection signal. The discharge control of the power storage device 18 that has been performed up to is stopped, and the normal system operation control is restored.

[Composition of house alarm]
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an outline of the functional configuration of the wireless interlocking house alarm 26.

  In FIG. 3, the house alarm 26 includes an alarm control unit 48, a sensor unit 50, a communication unit 52 connected to an antenna 54, a notification unit 56, and an operation unit 58, and operates with a battery power source (not shown).

  The alarm control unit 48 is a function realized by executing a program, for example. As the hardware, a CPU, a memory, a computer circuit having various input / output ports, and the like are used.

  The sensor unit 50 is a temperature detection unit or a smoke detection unit. When a temperature detection unit is provided as the sensor unit 50, for example, a thermistor is used as the temperature detection element. In this case, a voltage detection signal corresponding to a change in resistance value due to temperature is output to the alarm control unit 48. In addition, when a smoke detector is provided as the sensor unit 50, the light emitting unit using a known scattered light type smoke detector structure and using an infrared LED is intermittently driven to emit light at a predetermined cycle according to an instruction from the alarm controller 48. Then, the light reception signal of the scattered light received by the light receiving unit such as a photodiode is amplified, and the smoke density detection signal is output to the alarm control unit 48.

  The communication part 52 transmits / receives a fire interlocking signal according to a predetermined | prescribed communication protocol between other residence alarms. This communication protocol is, for example, STD-30 (radio equipment standard for low power security system radio stations) or STD-T67 (specially specified as a standard for specific low power radio stations in the 400 MHz band in Japan. Conforms to the standard of low power radio station telemeter, telecontrol and data transmission radio equipment). This fire interlocking signal has a format including a transmission source code indicating a transmission source, a group code, an event code, a control command, and the like.

  The notification unit 56 includes a speaker, an alarm display LED, and respective drive circuits. The alarm unit 56 outputs an alarm sound from the speaker according to an instruction from the alarm control unit 48 as needed, and displays an alarm with the LED. The operation unit 58 includes various switches such as an alarm stop switch that receives an operation for stopping an alarm sound and / or an alarm display.

  The alarm control unit 48 performs the following fire alarm control, fire recovery control, alarm stop control, and the like.

(Fire alarm control)
The alarm control unit 48 reads the temperature or smoke density detection signal output from the sensor unit 50 by AD conversion, detects a fire when it is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, and outputs a fire alarm indicating the interlocking source from the notification unit 56. Take control. As a fire alarm in this case, for example, a voice message such as “It is a fire.

  In addition, when the alarm control unit 48 outputs a fire alarm from the notification unit 56, the alarm control unit 48 generates a fire interlocking signal in accordance with the first communication protocol, instructs the communication unit 52, and sends a fire interlocking signal to other residential alarms. Is transmitted, and a fire alarm indicating the interlocking destination is output by another residential alarm device that has received the fire interlocking signal.

  In this case, for example, a fire alarm indicating the link destination is repeatedly outputted by a voice message such as “Please confirm that another alarm device has been activated” from the speaker and the alarm display LED blinks.

  Moreover, the alarm control part 48 performs control which outputs the fire alarm which shows the interlocking | linkage destination from the alerting | reporting part 56, when the effective reception of the fire interlocking signal which the other residence alarm device transmitted via the communication part 52 is detected. . In this case, for example, a fire alarm indicating the interlocking destination is repeatedly output by a voice message such as “Please confirm that another alarm device has been activated” from the speaker and the alarm display LED blinks, for example.

(Fire recovery control)
The alarm control unit 48 recovers the fire when the temperature or smoke concentration falls below the threshold value based on the detection signal of the sensor unit 50 for a predetermined time, or for example, continues for a predetermined number of times (fire detection state has been resolved). Is detected, the fire alarm output indicating the interlocking source from the notification unit 56 is stopped, a fire recovery interlocking signal is generated, the communication unit 52 is instructed, and the fire recovery interlocking signal is transmitted to other housing alarms. Control is performed, and the fire alarm output indicating the interlocking destination is stopped at the other home alarm device that has received the control.

  Moreover, the alarm control part 48 is a control which stops the fire alarm output which shows the interlocking | linkage destination from the alerting | reporting part 56, when the effective reception of the fire recovery interlocking signal which the other residence police device transmitted via the communication part 52 is detected. I do.

(Alarm stop control)
When the alarm control unit 48 detects the alarm stop operation received by the alarm stop switch of the operation unit 58 during the output of the fire alarm as the interlocking source, the alarm control unit 48 stops the fire alarm output indicating the interlocking source from the notification unit 56, and An alarm stop interlocking signal is generated, instructed to the communication unit 52, control to transmit the alarm stop interlocking signal to another house alarm, and the interlock destination is indicated to the other house alarms that have received the alarm stop interlocking signal. Stop the fire alarm output.

  Moreover, the alarm control part 48 is a control which stops the fire alarm output which shows the interlocking | linkage destination from the alerting | reporting part 56, when the effective reception of the alarm stop interlocking signal which the other resident alarm transmitted via the communication part 52 is detected. I do.

[Configuration of adapter device]
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an outline of the functional configuration of the adapter device 28. In FIG. 4, the adapter device 28 includes a communication unit 60 and a control unit 64 to which an antenna 62 is connected, and operates with a battery power source (not shown). The control unit 64 is a function realized by, for example, execution of a program, and uses, as hardware, a computer circuit having a CPU, a memory, various input / output ports, and the like.

The communication unit 60 receives the fire signal transmitted from the residential alarm 26 of FIG. When the control unit 64 detects the reception of the fire interlocking signal from the home alarm device 26 via the communication unit 60, the control unit 64 sends the fire detection signal to the system control unit 46 via the monitor device 20 as shown in FIG. To discharge control of the power storage device 18 . The fire detection signal output by the control unit 64 may be a predetermined voltage signal, or may be a non-voltage contact signal that is output by closing the relay contact by the operation of the relay.

  The control unit 64 stops the output of the fire detection signal when detecting the reception of the fire recovery interlock signal or the alarm stop interlock signal from the home alarm device 26 via the communication unit 60, and based on this, the system control unit At 46, the discharge control is stopped.

[Modification of the present invention]
(Deformation of discharge control)
In the above embodiment, when a fire is detected, the first forced discharge control for discharging by connecting a discharging resistor to the battery module, and the stored DC power is converted to DC power by the DC / AC inverter. Thus, the second forced discharge control for supplying the commercial AC system and discharging the battery module is combined, but either the first or the second forced discharge control may be performed.

  Further, means for forcibly discharging the battery module of the power storage device is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and appropriate means can be taken. For example, when a plurality of battery modules are arranged in series in the power storage device, an independent rapid discharge unit may be provided for each battery module to forcibly discharge.

(Manual activation of discharge control)
In the above embodiment, the discharge control of the power storage device is started based on the reception of the fire-linked signal wirelessly transmitted when a fire is detected by the home police, but the discharge operation is started in the operation unit of the monitor device. For example, when a fire in the vicinity occurs, the discharge control of the power storage device may be started by operating the discharge activation button at the discretion of the resident and outputting a fire detection signal.

(Solar power generation system other than housing)
In the above embodiment, a solar power generation system installed in a general house is taken as an example, but a large-scale solar power generation apparatus installed in a public facility or factory is combined with a power storage device containing a lithium ion battery. The same can be applied to the case.

  In addition, the fire detection means at this time uses the fire detection signal of the automatic fire alarm facility in place of the house alarm of the present invention. The fire detection means in this case is installed in a warning area in the building, and outputs a fire alarm from the disaster prevention receiver when a fire is detected by a fire detection terminal device (fire detector, push button notification device, sprinkler equipment). In addition, an automatic fire alarm system that wirelessly or wiredly transmits a fire-linked signal to the outside, and an adapter device that outputs a fire detection signal to the electric shock prevention circuit when a disaster prevention receiver receives a fire-linked signal transmitted wirelessly or by wire Configure.

  Further, the solar power generation system is not limited to the above embodiment, and the DC power generated by the solar power generation is converted into AC power and supplied to the load, and the power of the solar power generation and / or the commercial AC system is used for the lithium ion battery. A suitable solar power generation system is included as long as the power is stored in the power storage device.

(Other)
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, includes appropriate modifications that do not impair the objects and advantages thereof, and is not limited by the numerical values shown in the above-described embodiments.

10: Housing 11-1 to 11-n: Solar cell string 12: Solar cell module 14: Connection box 16: Power conditioner 18: Power storage device 20: Monitor device 22: Distribution board 24: Power meter 26: Residential alarm 28: Adapter device 30: Commercial AC systems 32-1 to 32-n: DC / DC converter 34: DC / AC inverter 36: Bidirectional DC / DC converter 38: Battery module 40: Battery control unit 42: Rapid discharge unit 42a : Switch unit 42b: Discharge resistor 46: System control unit

Claims (6)

A solar power generation apparatus installed in a building, which converts direct-current power generated by receiving sunlight into AC power and supplying it to a commercial AC load;
A battery module that houses a plurality of lithium ion batteries; and a power storage device that stores and uses DC power generated by the solar power generation device in the battery module;
In a photovoltaic power generation system equipped with
Fire detection means for outputting a fire detection signal when a fire in the building is detected;
Control means for reducing the charging rate of the lithium ion battery when receiving a fire detection signal from the fire detection means;
With
The control means, when receiving the fire detection signal, converts DC power stored in the battery module into AC power, supplies the AC power to the load, and discharges the battery module. Power generation system.
In the solar power generation system according to claim 1,
When the control means receives the fire detection signal, the control means converts the DC power stored in the battery module into AC power and supplies it to the load, and connects resistance means to the battery module, A photovoltaic power generation system characterized by discharging a module.
In the solar power generation system according to claim 1,
The solar power generator is
Solar cell strings that connect a plurality of solar cell modules and output DC power generated by receiving sunlight, and
A DC / DC converter that outputs DC power obtained by converting the output voltage of the solar cell strings into a predetermined voltage; and
A DC / AC inverter that converts the DC power output from the DC / DC converter into AC power and links it to a commercial AC system;
Bidirectional DC / DC converter for stepping down DC power output from the DC / DC converter to charge the power storage device and boosting DC power discharged from the power storage device to output to the DC / AC inverter When,
With
When the fire detection signal is received, the control means controls the DC / DC converter to a stop state, controls the bidirectional DC / DC converter to an operation state of boost conversion, and further controls the DC / AC inverter. A solar power generation system, wherein direct current power stored in the battery module is supplied to the load and discharged by controlling to an operating state.
The solar power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the fire detection means includes:
When a fire is detected in a warning area in the building, a fire alarm indicating the source of the interlock is output, and a fire interlock signal is transmitted wirelessly or by wire, and other fire alarm means wirelessly or wire-transmitted. A fire alarm means for outputting a fire alarm indicating a link destination when a signal is received;
Adapter means for outputting the fire detection signal to the control means when the fire alarm means receives a fire-linked signal wirelessly or wiredly transmitted;
A photovoltaic power generation system characterized by comprising:
The solar power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the fire detection means includes:
A disaster prevention receiver that is installed in a warning area in the building and outputs a fire alarm and transmits a fire-linked signal to the outside wirelessly or by wire when a fire is detected by a fire detection terminal device;
Adapter means for outputting the fire detection signal to the control means when the fire prevention signal received by the disaster prevention receiver wirelessly or by wire is transmitted;
A photovoltaic power generation system characterized by comprising:
A solar power generation apparatus installed in a building, which converts direct-current power generated by receiving sunlight into AC power and supplying it to a commercial AC load;
A battery module that houses a plurality of lithium ion batteries; and a power storage device that stores and uses DC power generated by the solar power generation device in the battery module;
In a photovoltaic power generation system equipped with
When a fire is detected in a warning area in the building, a fire alarm indicating the source of the interlock is output, and a fire interlock signal is transmitted wirelessly or by wire, and other fire alarm means wirelessly or wire-transmitted. A fire alarm means for outputting a fire alarm indicating a link destination when a signal is received;
Adapter means for outputting a fire detection signal when the fire alarm means receives a fire-linked signal transmitted wirelessly or by wire; and
As normal control, the DC power generated by the solar power generation device is stored in the battery module, and when a fire detection signal is received from the adapter means , the storage to the battery module is stopped, and Control means for discharging the direct-current power stored in the battery module to reduce the charging rate of the lithium ion battery;
With
The fire alarm means wirelessly or wiredly transmits an alarm stop interlocking signal when a fire recovery is detected or an alarm stop operation is detected,
The adapter means stops the output of the fire detection signal to the control means when the fire alarm means receives an alarm stop interlocking signal transmitted wirelessly or by wire.
The said control means stops the discharge of the said battery module, and returns to the control of the said normal time, when the output stop of the said fire detection signal is detected, The solar power generation system characterized by the above-mentioned .

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