JP6884976B2 - Joe crusher and its control method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a jaw crusher that crushes a crushed object such as a stone.

Conventionally, a jaw crusher has been used as a crushing device for crushing stone, concrete waste material, asphalt waste material, etc. to a desired size. The jaw crusher moves the moving tooth attached to the swing jaw to the fixed immovable tooth, and crushes the crushed object introduced between the immovable tooth and the moving tooth by sandwiching it between the immovable tooth and the moving tooth. is there.

Among the conventional jaw crushers, in the single toggle type jaw crusher that is widely used, the rotating shaft that is rotationally driven by the engine, motor, etc. can be rotated on the body frame of the jaw crusher that normally fixes and supports the immovable teeth. A swing jaw is rotatably attached and supported around the shaft with respect to an eccentric shaft that is pivotally supported and integrated with the rotating shaft by shifting the center of the shaft.

Then, the lower part of the swing jaw abuts on one end of a toggle plate separately provided on the main body frame so as to be swingable, and the swing jaw is maintained in contact with the toggle plate and the swing jaw without separating from each other. The eccentric axis (rotating axis) and the swing jaw, the toggle plate, and the main body frame have the main body frame as the stationary node, the eccentric axis as the driving node, and the swing jaw. It has a link mechanism as a driven node, and is a mechanism that repeatedly causes a predetermined movement including the swing of the swing jaw, which moves the swing jaw closer to or further from the immovable tooth.

The other end of the toggle plate that contacts the lower part of the swing jaw, which is opposite to one end that contacts the swing jaw, is positioned by a receiving member such as a toggle block provided on the main body frame. By adjusting the position of the toggle block) and changing the swing center position of the toggle plate on the main body frame, the relative positional relationship of the swing jaw with respect to the immovable tooth can be adjusted forward and backward, and the moving tooth and the immovable tooth attached to the swing jaw can be adjusted. It is possible to adjust the minimum and maximum intervals between and.

The gap between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth is adjusted according to the final particle size of the object to be crushed to be obtained by crushing the jaw crusher. In this clearance adjustment, the swing jaw and the moving tooth are usually moved via the toggle plate by adjusting the position of the receiving member to bring the moving tooth and the immovable tooth into contact with each other, and the contact position is set as the reference position for adjustment. Starting from this reference position, the position of the receiving member is changed again to move the moving teeth, and the receiving member is fixed at a position where a predetermined gap according to the particle size can be obtained.

As a specific gap adjusting mechanism in the conventional jaw crusher, a position detecting means for detecting the swing center position of the toggle plate, that is, the position of the toggle block is provided, and the position detecting means detects the position at the base point. The size of the gap is calculated and obtained from the position of the toggle block, the position of the toggle block after the position adjustment, and the positional relationship between the moving tooth, the immovable tooth, the toggle plate, and the toggle block so that this gap becomes the desired size. It has been proposed to adjust the position of the toggle block to move the moving teeth. As an example of such a conventional jaw crusher, there is one disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-70810.

Further, as another adjustment mechanism in the conventional jaw crusher, an angle detecting means (for example, a liquid-filled capacity type tilt sensor) for detecting the tilt angle of the moving tooth is provided on the moving tooth, and the moving tooth and the immovable tooth come into contact with each other. The size of the gap is calculated from the relative angle change of the moving tooth after moving to adjust the gap with respect to the inclination angle (reference angle) of the moving tooth detected at the base point, so that this gap becomes a preset value. It has also been proposed to move the moving teeth via a receiving member or a toggle plate. As an example of such a conventional jaw crusher, there is one disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-110421.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-70810 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-110421

The conventional jaw crusher has a configuration exemplified in each of the above patent documents, and among them, the one shown in the above patent document 1 is based on the position detection result of the swing center of the toggle plate, that is, the toggle block. Since the size of the gap between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth is calculated, an error is likely to occur due to the influence of the change in the positional relationship due to the wear and deformation of the toggle plate. There was a problem that it was difficult to set an appropriate gap.

On the other hand, although it is said that the gap can be adjusted and set based on the detected tilt angle in the one shown in Patent Document 2, the tilt sensor as the angle detecting means is attached to the upper part of the moving tooth and the tilt angle is set. Is supposed to be measured. For this reason, when the jaw crusher is operating for crushing work, the sensor is also affected by vibration and impact applied to the moving teeth, and in principle of detecting the tilt angle, the sensor having a movable part inside is affected by vibration and impact. As a result, problems are likely to occur, and there is a problem that the tilt angle can not be detected and the gap can not be adjusted correctly.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the position of the swing jaw can be accurately obtained, the gap between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth can be estimated more appropriately, and the object to be crushed has an appropriate particle size. It is an object of the present invention to provide a jaw crusher capable of maintaining a state in which it can be crushed so as to be, and a control method for determining an abnormality in a swing jaw position in the jaw crusher.

The jaw crusher according to the present invention has an immovable tooth fixed to the main body frame, a moving tooth arranged to face the immovable tooth, and the moving tooth attached to the immovable tooth and at least swingably arranged on the main body frame. A jaw that is equipped with a swing jaw that moves the moving tooth together with the swing jaw to change the distance between the immovable tooth and the moving tooth, and crushes the crushed object placed between the immovable tooth and the moving tooth. The crusher has a marker unit attached to a position change measurement object and a detection unit provided at a position away from the measurement object, and the detection unit detects the relative position of the marker unit with respect to the detection unit. A non-contact type position sensor is provided, and a marker portion of the position sensor is attached to a predetermined position on the swing jaw end portion on the side where the amplitude in the movement related to the swing of the swing jaw is larger, and the detection portion of the position sensor is attached. , The main body frame that supports the swing jaw is attached as an arrangement that includes the movable range of the marker portion accompanying the movement of the swing jaw in the detection range.

As described above, according to the present invention, a non-contact type position sensor is provided, only the marker portion as the detected portion of the position sensor is attached to the end portion where the amount of movement of the swing jaw is large, and the fixed detection on the main body frame side is performed. By making it possible to detect the position of the swing jaw based on the detection of the marker portion by the portion, not only the state in which the swing jaw moves by adjusting the gap between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth, but also the crushing of the jaw crusher is involved. Even when the swing jaws move continuously during operation, the position sensor can detect the position change of the swing jaws reasonably and reliably, and the position of the swing jaws can be detected by the position sensor. It is executed without causing an error due to the influence of deformation and the like, and the gap between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth can be adjusted accurately and appropriately. In addition, even while the jaw crusher is in operation, the position of the swing jaw can be detected by the position sensor, and it is possible to determine whether or not the swing jaw and the moving teeth are in an abnormal state deviated from the original position. It is possible to correctly detect an abnormal state in which the swing jaw is misaligned due to the influence of the deformation of the swing jaw without being affected by the impact or vibration applied to the swing jaw, and it is possible to detect and deal with the abnormality of each part at an early stage. , Safe and smooth operation can be ensured.

Further, the jaw crusher according to the present invention has a toggle plate provided with one end abutting against the lower portion of the swing jaw so as to be able to swing relative to the swing jaw, and the other end of the toggle plate, if necessary. The toggle block is provided on the main body frame so that the position of the toggle plate can be adjusted with respect to the swing jaw, and the toggle block is moved, and the swing jaw and the swing jaw and the toggle plate are moved through the toggle block and the toggle plate. It is possible to discriminate between the moving means for moving the moving tooth forward and backward with respect to the immovable tooth, the position adjusting control means for controlling the moving means, and the state in which the moving tooth is in contact with the immovable tooth, and when the state is discriminated. , The position sensor makes the position sensor detect the position of the swing jaw and sets the detected position of the swing jaw to the reference position, and the position sensor in a state where the moving tooth is separated from the immovable tooth and cannot come into contact with the reference position setting means. A calculation means for calculating the gap between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth based on the relative positional relationship between the position of the swing jaw detected by the above and the reference position is provided, and the position adjustment control means is toggled by the moving means. In a state where the swing jaw and the moving tooth are moved by moving the block, when the gap between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth calculated by the calculation means reaches a preset gap value, the moving means is stopped so as to stop the toggle block. Is controllable.

As described above, according to the present invention, the swing jaw can be moved to adjust the gap based on the detection of the position sensor until the gap reaches the set value, so that the toggle plate may be worn when setting the reference position or adjusting the gap. It can be performed accurately and appropriately without being affected by deformation, the gap can be accurately adjusted to a preset size, and crushing with an appropriately controlled particle size can be performed.

Further, the jaw crusher according to the present invention has a swing jaw position when the position of the swing jaw detected by the position sensor has a preset gap value between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth, if necessary. An abnormality determining means for discriminating a state deviated from the above state as one abnormality state and a notification means for executing a predetermined notification recognizable by a person are provided, and when the jaw crusher is activated, the abnormality determining means causes the one abnormality. When the state is determined, the notification means is made to notify a predetermined worker to inspect the jaw crusher.

As described above, according to the present invention, when the jaw crusher is activated, the abnormal position of the swing jaw is determined based on the detection of the position sensor, and the operator can be encouraged to inspect the toggle plate or its support portion. It is possible to properly determine the state in which the swing jaw is slightly displaced from its original position due to wear or deformation of the plate, and prevent adverse effects on crushing due to abnormalities in the toggle plate, etc. at the start-up stage. , Safety can be ensured.

Further, the jaw crusher according to the present invention includes a predetermined drive means for moving the swing jaw to bring the swing jaw into an operating state related to crushing the object to be crushed, and a drive control means for controlling the drive means, if necessary. When the abnormality determining means has a preset gap value between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth in the stopped state before the jaw crusher is activated, the swing jaw and each part of the jaw crusher other than the swing jaw From the known positional relationship of, the range in which the swing jaw position can change in the operating state of the swing jaw can be obtained, and the state in which the position of the swing jaw detected by the position sensor deviates from the range can be determined as another abnormal state. When the abnormality determining means determines the other abnormal state during the operation of the jaw crusher, the drive control means controls the drive means so as to stop the swing jaw, and the notification means causes the notification means. It is intended to notify a predetermined worker to inspect the jaw crusher.

As described above, according to the present invention, when the jaw crusher is in operation, the abnormal position of the swing jaw is determined based on the detection of the position sensor, the jaw crusher is stopped, and the operator can be inspected. Appropriately determine the state in which the swing jaw is slightly displaced from its original position due to wear deformation of the plate and its support, and adversely affect crushing or deformation due to abnormalities in the toggle plate, etc. The toggle plate can be prevented from being damaged due to the progress of an abnormal state, and safety can be ensured.

Further, in the control method of the jaw crusher according to the present invention, the immovable teeth fixed to the main body frame, the moving teeth arranged to face the immovable teeth, and the main body to which the moving teeth are attached and at least swingable. It is equipped with a swing jaw arranged on the frame, and the moving tooth is moved together with the swing jaw with respect to the immovable tooth to change the distance between the immovable tooth and the moving tooth, and a crushing object inserted between the immovable tooth and the moving tooth. In the control method of the jaw crusher that crushes an object, among the non-contact type position sensors in which the detection unit detects the relative position of the marker unit with respect to the detection unit, the marker unit is in a movement related to the swing of the swing jaw. The marker portion is movable according to the movement of the swing jaw to the main body frame which is attached to a predetermined position on the end of the swing jaw on the side having a larger amplitude and the detection portion of the position sensor supports the swing jaw at least swingably. It is attached as an arrangement that includes the range in the detection range, and the position sensor detects the position of the swing jaw based on the position detection of the marker portion, and when the jaw crusher is activated, the position of the swing jaw detected by the position sensor is , Deviates from the swing jaw position corresponding to the case where the gap between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth has a preset size, determines whether or not there is one abnormal state, and the one abnormal state is determined. In this case, the notification prompting the predetermined worker to inspect the jaw crusher is executed by the predetermined notification means.

As described above, according to the present invention, when the jaw crusher is activated, it is determined whether or not the swing jaw is misaligned based on the detection of the position sensor, and the operator is urged to inspect the abnormal state with the misalignment. By being able to take the above measures, it is possible to take appropriate measures from the state where the toggle plate and its support part are slightly displaced from the original position due to wear and deformation of the plate. The adverse effect on crushing due to abnormalities in the plate or the like can be prevented at the start-up stage, and safety can be ensured.

Further, the method for controlling the jaw crusher according to the present invention is a swing when the gap between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth has a preset gap value in the stopped state before the start of the jaw crusher, if necessary. From the known positional relationship between the jaw and each part of the jaw crusher other than the swing jaw, the range in which the swing jaw position can change in the operating state of the swing jaw is obtained, and the swing jaw detected by the position sensor during the operation of the jaw crusher is obtained. It is determined whether or not the position is in another abnormal state that is out of the changeable range of the swing jaw position, and if it is in the other abnormal state, the moving swing jaw is stopped and a predetermined position is determined. The notification for urging the worker to inspect the jaw crusher is executed by the notification means.

As described above, according to the present invention, when the jaw crusher is in operation, the abnormal position of the swing jaw is determined based on the detection of the position sensor, the jaw crusher is stopped, and the operator can be inspected. Appropriately determine the state in which the swing jaw is slightly displaced from its original position due to wear of the plate and its support or deformation of the plate, and adversely affect crushing or deformation due to abnormalities in the toggle plate, etc. Damage to the toggle plate due to the progress of the abnormal state can be prevented, and safety can be ensured.

It is a schematic block diagram which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an enlarged view of the arrow A of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the contact state between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth in the gap adjusting step in the jaw crusher which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the positional relationship between the marker portion and the detection portion of the position sensor in the contact state between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth of the jaw crusher according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of the 1st example of the gap adjustment completion state in the jaw crusher which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the positional relationship between the marker part and the detection part of the position sensor in the state of completion of the gap adjustment of the first example of the jaw crusher which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the 2nd example of the gap adjustment completion state in the jaw crusher which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the positional relationship between the marker part and the detection part of the position sensor in the state of completion of the gap adjustment of the second example of the jaw crusher which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the deviation state of the swing jaw toward the side away from the immovable tooth at the time of operation of the jaw crusher which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the deviation state toward the side which approaches the immovable tooth of a swing jaw at the time of operation of the jaw crusher which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, the jaw crusher according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10. In this embodiment, an example of a single toggle type jaw crusher will be described.

In each of the drawings, the jaw crusher 1 according to the present embodiment is attached with an immovable tooth 11 fixed to the main body frame 10, a moving tooth 12 arranged to face the immovable tooth 11, and the moving tooth 12. At least, the swing jaw 13 which is swingably arranged on the main body frame 10, the toggle plate 14 which is provided so that one end abuts on the lower portion of the swing jaw 13, and the other end of the toggle plate 14 are brought into contact with each other. A toggle block 15 provided on the main body frame 10 so that the position can be adjusted, a moving means 16 for moving the toggle block 15 to adjust the position, a marker portion 17a attached to the swing jaw 13, and a detection portion 17b attached to the main body frame 10. It is configured to include a position sensor 17 having the above, a control unit 18 for controlling the moving means 16 and the like, and a notification means 19 for executing a predetermined notification that can be recognized by a person.

The jaw crusher 1 moves the swing jaw 13 to periodically change the distance between the moving tooth 12 and the immovable tooth 11 to crush the crushed object supplied and introduced between the immovable tooth 11 and the moving tooth 12. It is a thing. Regarding the mechanism of each part of the jaw crusher, a known single is used except for the position sensor 17 attached to the main body frame 10 and the swing jaw 13 and the control content of the control unit 18 based on the position detection by the position sensor 17. It is similar to the toggle type jaw crusher, and detailed description is omitted.

The immovable tooth 11 and the moving tooth 12 are each formed in a flat plate shape, and each surface is formed as a protruding surface in which a plurality of protrusions are arranged in parallel so as to form a wavy cross section. The immovable teeth 11 are detachably fixedly supported on the inclined support surface of the main body frame 10 and are arranged to face the moving teeth 12 attached to the swing jaw 13. A crushing space having a narrow lower portion and a wider upper portion is formed between the immovable teeth 11 and the moving teeth 12.

The main body frame 10 that supports the immovable teeth 11 and the swing jaw 13 to which the moving teeth 12 are attached has a highly rigid three-dimensional structure such as a metal frame or a plate, and has a stable ground or floor. In addition to being fixed on the surface, it may also be mounted on a self-propelled trolley.

A rotating shaft 20 for supporting the swing jaw 13 is rotatably supported on the upper portion of the main body frame 10.
The rotary shaft 20 is rotationally driven by a drive means 50 such as a hydraulic motor or an electric motor. The rotating shaft 20 is provided with an eccentric shaft 21 having an eccentric arrangement in which the center of the shaft is shifted parallel to the rotating shaft 20 so as to be rotatable integrally with the rotating shaft 20.

The upper end of the swing jaw 13 is attached around the eccentric shaft 21, and the eccentric shaft 21 supports the swing jaw 13 so as to be relatively rotatable.
The upper part of the swing jaw 13 is supported by the eccentric shaft 21, while the lower recess 13a is brought into contact with one end of a toggle plate 14 separately provided on the main body frame 10 so as to be swingable, and this contact is made. It is a configuration that is designed to be maintained. The swing jaw 13 is swingable relative to one end of the toggle plate 14 in a state where the swing jaw 13 and the toggle plate 14 are in contact with each other without being separated from each other.

The toggle plate 14 is a substantially rectangular plate-like body made of metal, and is arranged in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 20 (front direction in FIG. 1) (see FIG. 1).
The toggle block 15 is arranged on the main body frame 10 while being restricted in a movable direction by a part of the main body frame 10 so as to advance and retreat with respect to the swing jaw 13. The other end of the toggle plate 14 swingably contacts the recess 15a of the toggle block 15 so as to maintain this contact, and the toggle plate 14 is placed between the swing jaw 13 and the toggle block 15. It will be installed.
As a result, the swing jaw 13, the toggle plate 14, the main body frame 10, and the eccentric shaft 21 form a kind of link mechanism.

When the eccentric shaft 21 rotates, the swing jaw 13 can be any arbitrary on the swing jaw 13 based on the characteristics of the link mechanism in which the eccentric shaft 21 is the driving node, the main body frame 10 is the stationary node, and the swing jaw 13 is the driven node. It moves so that one point draws a closed curved trajectory. That is, the swing jaw 13 repeats a predetermined movement of approaching and moving away from the immovable tooth 11 caused by the link mechanism, which is accompanied not only by swinging but also by vertical movement.

In addition, a part of the tension rod 30 that generated the urging force is attached to the lower end of the swing jaw 13. The other portion of the tension rod 30 is attached to a predetermined portion of the main body frame 10 to form a mechanism that constantly pulls the swing jaw 13 in a direction away from the immovable teeth 11 by the urging force of the tension rod 30. By applying an urging force to the swing jaw 13 using the tension rod 30 in this way, one end of the swing jaw 13 and the toggle plate 14 and the other end of the toggle block 15 and the toggle plate 14 are in contact with each other. The swing jaw 13, the toggle plate 14, and the toggle block 15 are kept from being separated from each other.

Further, in the vicinity of the toggle block 15, a moving means 16 for adjusting the position, which abuts or connects to at least a part of the toggle block 15 to move the toggle block 15, is provided on the main body frame 10.

The moving means 16 moves the toggle block 15, for example, by moving a wedge-shaped portion that slidably contacts a surface of the toggle block 15 on the side away from the swing jaw 13 with respect to the main body frame 10 with a predetermined actuator. Similar to those used in known jaw crushers, such as a fluid pressure cylinder that moves the toggle block 15 by moving the plunger portion connected to the toggle block 15 to and from the cylinder portion fixed on the main body frame 10. It can be a mechanism of.

When the toggle block 15 moves by operating the moving means 16, the swing jaw 13 also moves via the toggle plate 14, so that the swing jaw 13 and the moving tooth 12 can be moved back and forth with respect to the immovable tooth 11. ..

The position sensor 17 has a marker unit 17a attached to an object for position measurement and a detection unit 17b provided at a position away from the object to be measured, and determines the relative position of the marker unit 17a with respect to the detection unit 17b. This is a known non-contact type linear displacement sensor detected by the detection unit 17b.

Of the position sensor 17, the marker portion 17a is attached to a predetermined position on the lower end portion of the swing jaw 13 on the side where the amplitude in the movement related to the swing of the swing jaw 13 is larger. Further, the detection unit 17b of the position sensor 17 is attached to the side wall portion 10a located on the side of the swing jaw 13 of the main body frame 10 so as to include the movable range of the marker portion 17a accompanying the movement of the swing jaw 13 in the detection range. (See Fig. 2).

As the position sensor 17, for example, a magnetostrictive sensor that utilizes the magnetostrictive effect can be used. In that case, since the marker portion 17a can have an extremely simple structure as a permanent magnet, a marker attached to the swing jaw 13 can be used. In addition to the influence of the impact and vibration applied through the swing jaw 13 during the execution of the crushing, the portion 17a is hardly affected by the adhesion of dust generated by the crushing, and is suitable because problems related to detection are less likely to occur.

In this way, the non-contact type position sensor 17 is not easily affected by the impact or vibration applied to the swing jaw 13, and can also support the position detection of the swing jaw when the jaw crusher is operating. The amount of gap between the immovable tooth can be easily and accurately obtained. On the other hand, for example, even if the angle detecting means (tilt sensor) in the conventional device shown in Patent Document 2 is diverted to grasp the amount of gap between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth during operation, the tilt sensor is complicated. In addition to being easily affected by vibration and impact due to its flexible structure, the change in tilt angle during operation related to crushing of the swing jaw is small, so it is not possible to accurately detect the change in the amount of clearance as the change in tilt angle of the swing jaw. It is difficult, and it can be said that the position detection of the swing jaw during operation and the acquisition of the gap amount using the result are not feasible, and the superiority of the position sensor 17 in the present embodiment is clear.

Further, in the jaw crusher, the shape accuracy of the swing jaw and the moving tooth, which are generally cast products, is coarse, and the relationship between the gap between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth and the swing jaw inclination angle is different even if the model is the same. It may be different for each device. For example, when an angle detecting means (tilt sensor) such as the conventional device shown in Patent Document 2 is used, the clearance adjustment setting based on the detection result of the sensor in a certain device is set. , It is difficult to divert it to other devices. On the other hand, when the position sensor 17 of the present embodiment is used, the position change of the swing jaw that causes the change of the gap between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth can be directly detected by the sensor, so that between a plurality of devices of the same model. Can share the clearance adjustment settings based on the sensor detection results.

The control unit 18 controls the driving means 50 that rotationally drives the rotating shaft 20 and the moving means 16 that moves the toggle block 15. The control unit 18 is a computer having a CPU, a storage unit, an input / output interface, and the like as its hardware configuration, and is a mechanism for operating the computer as the control unit 18 by a program stored in the storage unit. The computer forming the control unit 18 may be a microcomputer in which a CPU, a storage unit, and the like are integrally formed.

The control unit 18 is provided in or near the main body frame 10 and is electrically connected to the detection unit 17b of the position sensor 17 so that a signal related to the position detection can be received, and the driving means 50 to be controlled and the driving means 50 and the like. Each of them is electrically connected to the moving means 16 and outputs a control signal to control the operation of each part. In addition, the control unit 18 is electrically connected to an operation device of a jaw crusher (not shown), a display device of an operating state, and the like, and controls operation of each switch and function execution corresponding to various displays.

Specifically, as the drive control means, the control unit 18 rotationally drives the rotary shaft 20 to move the swing jaw 13 to bring the drive means 50 into an operating state related to the crushing of the crushed object, for example, an electric motor or the like. It controls to operate and stop. In addition, the control unit 18 controls the moving means 16 as the position adjusting control means. By controlling the movement of the toggle block 15 by the control unit 18, the swing jaw 13 and the moving tooth 12 can be moved back and forth with respect to the immovable tooth 11 via the toggle block 15 and the toggle plate 14 to adjust the position. ..

Further, the control unit 18 can determine a state in which the moving tooth 12 can come into contact with the immovable tooth 11 as the reference position setting means, and when this state is determined, the position sensor 17 detects the position of the swing jaw 13. Is performed, and the control for setting the detected position of the swing jaw 13 to the reference position is executed.

Further, as the calculation means, the control unit 18 has a relative positional relationship between the position of the swing jaw 13 detected by the position sensor 17 and the reference position in a state where the moving tooth 12 is separated from the immovable tooth 11 and cannot be contacted. Based on the above, the control for calculating the gap between the moving tooth 12 and the immovable tooth 11 is executed.

Then, the control unit 18 calculated as the calculation means in a state where the toggle block 15 is moved by the moving means 16 as the position adjusting control means and the swing jaw 13 and the moving tooth 12 are moved in a direction to be separated from the immovable tooth 11. When the gap between the moving tooth 12 and the immovable tooth 11 reaches a preset gap value, the moving means 16 is controlled so as to stop the movement of the toggle block 15 and position it.

In addition, the control unit 18 uses the swing jaw as the abnormality determining means when the gap between the moving tooth 12 and the immovable tooth 11 in the stopped state before the start of the jaw crusher has a preset gap value. From the known positional relationship between the 13 and each part of the jaw crusher other than the swing jaw, the range in which the swing jaw position can change in the operating state of the swing jaw 13 is obtained.

Then, the control unit 18 as the abnormality determining means sets the position of the swing jaw 13 detected by the position sensor 17 when the jaw crusher is activated to a gap value in which the gap between the moving tooth 12 and the immovable tooth 11 is set in advance. Determine one abnormal state that deviates from the swing jaw position in the case of crushing. In addition, the control unit 18 determines another abnormal state in which the position of the swing jaw 13 detected by the position sensor 17 is out of the changeable range of the swing jaw position during the operation of the jaw crusher.

Further, when the control unit 18 as the abnormality determining means determines the one abnormal state when the jaw crusher is activated, the notification means 19 is made to notify the operator to inspect the jaw crusher. On the other hand, when the control unit 18 determines the other abnormal state during the operation of the jaw crusher, the control unit 18 controls the drive means 50 so as to stop the swing jaw 13 as the drive control means. Specifically, the control unit 18 stops the driving means 50, stops the rotation of the rotating shaft 20 and the eccentric shaft 21, and stops the swing jaw 13. Then, the control unit 18 causes the notification means 19 to notify the operator to inspect the jaw crusher together with the control of the drive means 50.

The notification means 19 is arranged near an operator who maintains the jaw crusher, executes a predetermined notification that can be recognized by the operator, and is an audio output means such as a buzzer or a speaker that emits a sound as the notification. In addition, a display means such as a light emitting unit or a display that performs a visible display as a notification can be used. In addition, the notification means may be a mobile terminal carried by an operator and provided with a voice output means and a display means, for example, a smartphone or a mobile phone.

The notification that the control unit 18 as the abnormality determining means causes the notification means 19 to perform when the one abnormal state is determined, and the notification that the notification means 19 performs when the other abnormal state is determined. , It is preferable to make the type and content of the notification different so that the operator who receives the notification can easily grasp the abnormal content.

Next, the gap adjusting step in the jaw crusher based on the above configuration and the control state related to the determination of the abnormal state at the time of starting and during operation will be described.
First, the gap adjusting step between the moving tooth 12 and the immovable tooth 11 corresponding to the particle size of the crushed material such as crushed stone to be obtained by crushing the crushed object will be described.

First, the moving means 16 is operated under the control of the control unit 18 to move the toggle block 15 to the side where the swing jaw 13 is located. When the toggle block 15 is moved by the moving means 16, the swing jaw 13 is pushed through the toggle plate 14 and moves to the immovable tooth 11 side.
When the toggle block 15 is moved in this way to move the moving tooth 12 in a direction closer to the immovable tooth 11, the moving tooth 12 finally comes into contact with the immovable tooth 11 (see FIG. 3).

The control unit 18 forming the reference position setting means detects a state in which the moving tooth 12 contacts the immovable tooth 11 and does not move any more, for example, when the moving means 16 includes an electric actuator, detects a change in the driving current thereof. It can be discriminated by a known method such as detection by a sensor or a contact switch provided separately. When the control unit 18 determines the state in which the moving tooth 12 is in contact with the immovable tooth 11, the position sensor 17 detects the position of the swing jaw 13, and sets the detected position of the swing jaw 13 as the reference position.

After setting the reference position, the control unit 18 controls the moving means 16 to operate the moving means 16 so that the toggle block 15 moves in the opposite direction to the above. By the support by the tension rod 30, the contact state between the swing jaw 13 and one end of the toggle plate 14 and the contact state between the other end of the toggle plate 14 and the toggle block 15 are maintained, so that the toggle block 15 moves. The swing jaw 13 also moves away from the immovable tooth in conjunction with.

When the moving tooth 12 is separated from the immovable tooth 11, the control unit 18 forming the calculation means sets the moving tooth 12 and the moving tooth 12 based on the relative positional relationship between the position of the swing jaw 13 detected by the position sensor 17 and the reference position. The gap between the immovable tooth 11 and the immovable tooth 11 is calculated.

In this way, the control unit 18 calculates the gap between the moving tooth 12 and the immovable tooth 11 while moving the toggle block 15 in the direction in which the swing jaw 13 and the moving tooth 12 are separated from the immovable tooth 11. .. Then, in the control unit 18 which is the position adjustment control means, the calculated gap between the moving tooth 12 and the immovable tooth 11 corresponds to a desired post-crushed particle size set in advance through an input operation from the operator or the like. When the gap value is reached, the moving means 16 is controlled to stop the toggle block 15. When the movement of the toggle block 15 is stopped, the swing jaw 13 and the moving tooth 12 are also stopped, and the adjustment to the gap corresponding to the target particle size is completed (see FIGS. 5 and 7).

In this state, the operation related to the crushing of the jaw crusher is started, and the crushing object is supplied to and introduced into the crushing space between the immovable tooth 11 and the moving tooth 12, and as a result of the crushing, the moving tooth 12 and the immovable tooth 11 The crushed material having a desired particle size can be taken out from the lower end (discharge port) of the gap between the two.

Next, the determination of the abnormal state at the time of starting the jaw crusher will be described.
When the jaw crusher is activated, the control unit 18 makes the position sensor 17 detect the position of the swing jaw 13 again. Then, the control unit 18 swings when the position of the swing jaw 13 detected by the position sensor 17 as the abnormality determination means has a gap value set in advance between the moving tooth 12 and the immovable tooth 11. It is determined whether or not there is one abnormal state deviated from the jaw position.

The control unit 18 has one abnormal state related to the position of the swing jaw 13, that is, the position of the swing jaw 13 at the time of activation is set in advance by the deformation of the toggle plate 14 and the like. When it is determined that the swing jaw position deviates from the swing jaw position corresponding to the predetermined gap value between the jaw crusher and the jaw crusher, the start of the jaw crusher is interrupted so that the swing jaw 13 is not moved as it is. Then, the control unit 18 causes the notification means 19 to notify a predetermined worker to inspect the jaw crusher.

On the other hand, when the control unit 18 as an abnormality determining means determines that the position of the swing jaw 13 is not one abnormal state, the control unit 18 activates the jaw crusher 1 as it is and crushes the jaw crusher 1. It will be in the operating state related to.

Further, the determination of the abnormal state during operation related to the crushing of the jaw crusher will be described.
When the jaw crusher 1 is activated, the rotating shaft 20 is rotationally driven by the driving means 50, and the swing jaw 13 moves closer to or further from the immovable tooth 11 together with the moving tooth 12 as the eccentric shaft 21 integrated with the rotating shaft 20 rotates. Repeat the predetermined movement.

Due to the movement of the swing jaw 13, the object to be crushed, which is inserted between the immovable tooth 11 and the moving tooth 12 and sandwiched between the immovable tooth 11 and the moving tooth 12, receives a pinching pressure from the immovable tooth 11 and the moving tooth 12. .. With this pressure, stress is concentrated on a part of the object to be crushed, and the object to be crushed is crushed and divided starting from the stress concentration point.

The crushing space between the immovable tooth 11 and the moving tooth 12 is crushed by receiving a crushing force while the object to be crushed progresses from top to bottom, and the process of reducing the particle size is repeated, and finally. The crushed material of the desired particle size is discharged.

Prior to the operation of the jaw crusher, the control unit 18 as an abnormality determining means forms a preset gap value between the moving tooth 12 and the immovable tooth 11 in the stopped state before the jaw crusher 1 is activated. In this case, the range in which the swing jaw position can be changed in the operating state of the swing jaw 13 is obtained in advance from the known positional relationship between the swing jaw 13 and each part of the jaw crusher other than the swing jaw.

While the jaw crusher 1 is in operation, the control unit 18 obtains the position of the moving swing jaw 13 at any time by detecting it with the position sensor 17. Then, during this operation, the control unit 18 is in another abnormal state in which the position of the swing jaw 13 detected by the position sensor 17 is out of the changeable range of the swing jaw position as an abnormality determining means. Determine if not.

For example, if the toggle plate 14 is deformed or worn, or if an abnormality such as wear of the swing jaw 13 in contact with the toggle plate 14 or each contact portion of the toggle block 15, the swing jaw 13 and the toggle block sandwiching the toggle plate 14 occur. The distance from the 15 is reduced, and the position change of the swing jaw 13 occurs at a position farther from the immovable tooth 11 than in the previous normal state (see FIG. 9). Therefore, at the timing when the operating swing jaw 13 is most distant from the immovable tooth 11, the swing jaw 13 moves away from the immovable tooth 11 beyond the original position change range.

Further, if an abnormality such as a loosening of the spring of the tension rod 30 or damage to the tension rod 30 occurs, the distance between the swing jaw 13 and the toggle block 15 becomes large, and the position change of the swing jaw 13 is larger than that in the previous normal state. It occurs closer to the immovable tooth (see FIG. 10). Therefore, at the timing when the operating swing jaw 13 approaches the immovable tooth 11, the swing jaw 13 approaches the immovable tooth 11 beyond the original position change range.

The control unit 18 has another abnormal state related to the position of the swing jaw 13, that is, the position of the swing jaw 13 during operation is out of the range in which the swing jaw position can be changed due to an abnormality of the toggle plate 14 or the like. When it is determined that the position is normally unreachable, the drive means 50 is controlled to be stopped as the drive control means, the movement of the swing jaw 13 is stopped, and the operation related to the crushing of the jaw crusher 1 is performed. Stop it. Further, the control unit 18 causes the notification means 19 to notify a predetermined worker to inspect the jaw crusher.

On the other hand, when the control unit 18 as an abnormality determining means determines that the position of the swing jaw 13 is not in another abnormal state, the control unit 18 continues the operating state related to the crushing of the jaw crusher 1 as it is. ..

As described above, in the jaw crusher according to the present embodiment, the non-contact type position sensor 17 is provided, and only the marker portion 17a as the detected portion of the position sensor 17 is attached to the lower portion of the swing jaw 13 where the amount of movement is large. By making it possible to detect the position of the swing jaw 13 based on the detection of the marker portion 17a by the fixed detection portion 17b on the main body frame 10 side, the swing jaw can be adjusted by adjusting the gap between the moving tooth 12 and the immovable tooth 11. Not only in the state where 13 is moving, but also in the state where the swing jaw 13 continuously moves during the operation related to the crushing of the jaw crusher, the position change of the swing jaw 13 is reasonably and surely captured by the position sensor 17, and the swing jaw 13 is detected. The position of the swing jaw 13 can be detected by the position sensor 17 without causing an error due to the deformation of the toggle plate 14, and the gap between the moving tooth 12 and the immovable tooth 11 is adjusted. Can be performed accurately and appropriately.

Further, even while the jaw crusher is in operation, the position sensor 17 can detect the position of the swing jaw 13, and it is possible to determine whether or not the swing jaw 13 and the moving tooth 12 are in an abnormal state deviated from the original position. As a result, the abnormal state in which the swing jaw 13 is displaced due to the deformation of the toggle plate 14 can be correctly detected without being affected by the impact or vibration applied to the swing jaw 13, and the abnormality of each part can be detected. It can be detected and dealt with at an early stage, and safe and smooth operation can be ensured.

In the jaw crusher according to the above embodiment, in addition to the position sensor 17 that detects the position of the swing jaw 13, a sensor or the like for grasping the position of the swing jaw 13 is not particularly provided. It is also possible to separately provide a sensor, an encoder, or the like for detecting the rotation position of the. In this case, the acquired rotation position of the eccentric axis can be associated with the position of the swing jaw detected by the position sensor, and the rotation position of the eccentric axis is based on the mutual positional relationship between the swing jaw and the eccentric axis, the toggle plate, and the toggle block. Since the exact position of the swing jaw can be determined according to the position of the swing jaw, the actual position of the swing jaw detected by the position sensor by the control unit as an abnormality determination means regardless of the position of the swing jaw in operation. By comparing with the original position of the swing jaw obtained from the rotation position of the eccentric axis, it is possible to determine the state in which the swing jaw deviates from the original position due to an abnormality such as deformation of the toggle plate. It is possible to urgently stop the jaw crusher inside, or to prompt the worker to take measures such as inspection by notification by notification means, and to promptly perform maintenance work, and it is efficient to maintain a state where crushing can be continued appropriately. It will be possible.

Further, while the control unit determines the state of deviation between the actual position of the swing jaw detected by the position sensor and the position of the swing jaw obtained from the rotation position of the eccentric axis, the position deviation swings. When the misalignment is seen only at some point in the swing jaw movement, for example, the misalignment can be determined only while the swing jaw moves closer to the immovable tooth, rather than occurring throughout the jaw movement. Alternatively, the misalignment may be regarded as distortion due to overload, and conversely, the overload state may be determined from such misalignment. The overload is detected without using other detection means, and the overload is promptly detected. Correspondence can be planned.

1 Jaw crusher 10 Main body frame 10a Side wall 11 Immovable tooth 12 Moving tooth 13 Swing jaw 13a Recess 14 Toggle plate 15 Toggle block 15a Recess 16 Moving means 17 Position sensor 17a Marker part 17b Detection part 18 Control part 19 Notification means 20 Rotating axis 21 Eccentric shaft 30 Tension rod 50 Drive means

Claims (6)

It is provided with an immovable tooth fixed to the main body frame, a moving tooth arranged to face the immovable tooth, and a swing jaw to which the moving tooth is attached and at least swingably arranged on the main body frame. In the jaw crusher, which moves the moving tooth with the swing jaw with respect to the tooth to change the distance between the immovable tooth and the moving tooth, and crushes the object to be crushed between the immovable tooth and the moving tooth.
A non-contact type that has a marker unit attached to a position change measurement object and a detection unit provided at a position away from the measurement object, and the detection unit detects the relative position of the marker unit with respect to the detection unit. Equipped with a position sensor
The marker portion of the position sensor is attached to a predetermined position at the end of the swing jaw on the side where the amplitude in the movement related to the swing of the swing jaw is larger.
A jaw crusher characterized in that the detection unit of the position sensor is attached to a main body frame that supports the swing jaw so as to include the movable range of the marker portion accompanying the movement of the swing jaw in the detection range. In the jaw crusher according to claim 1,
A toggle plate provided so that one end of the swing jaw is brought into contact with the lower part of the swing jaw so that it can swing relative to the swing jaw.
A toggle block that abuts on the other end of the toggle plate to swingably support the toggle plate and is provided on the main body frame so that the position can be adjusted with respect to the swing jaw.
A moving means for moving the toggle block and moving the swing jaw and the moving tooth forward and backward with respect to the immovable tooth via the toggle block and the toggle plate.
The position adjustment control means for controlling the moving means and
It is possible to determine the state in which the moving tooth is in contact with the immovable tooth, and when the state is determined, the position sensor is made to detect the position of the swing jaw, and the detected position of the swing jaw is set as the reference position. Positioning means and
The gap between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth is calculated based on the relative positional relationship between the position of the swing jaw detected by the position sensor and the reference position in a state where the moving tooth is separated from the immovable tooth and cannot be contacted. With a calculation means to
In a state where the position adjustment control means moves the toggle block by the moving means to move the swing jaw and the moving tooth, the gap between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth calculated by the calculating means is set to a preset gap value. When it comes to, the jaw crusher is characterized by being able to control the means of transportation so as to stop the toggle block. In the jaw crusher according to claim 2,
An abnormality in which the position of the swing jaw detected by the position sensor deviates from the swing jaw position when the gap between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth has a preset gap value is determined as one abnormal state. Discrimination means and
It is equipped with a notification means that executes a predetermined notification that can be recognized by a person.
The jaw crusher is characterized in that, when the abnormality determining means determines the one abnormal state at the time of starting the jaw crusher, the notification means is made to notify a predetermined worker to inspect the jaw crusher. In the jaw crusher according to claim 3,
A predetermined driving means for moving the swing jaw to bring it into an operating state related to crushing the object to be crushed.
A drive control means for controlling the drive means is provided.
When the abnormality determining means has a preset gap value between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth in the stopped state before the jaw crusher is activated, the swing jaw and each part of the jaw crusher other than the swing jaw From the known positional relationship, the range in which the swing jaw position can change in the operating state of the swing jaw is obtained, and the state in which the swing jaw position detected by the position sensor deviates from the range can be determined as another abnormal state. Being done
When the abnormality determining means determines the other abnormal state during the operation of the jaw crusher, the drive control means controls the drive means so as to stop the swing jaw, and the notification means performs a predetermined operation. A jaw crusher characterized in that a person is notified to inspect the jaw crusher. It is provided with an immovable tooth fixed to the main body frame, a moving tooth arranged to face the immovable tooth, and a swing jaw to which the moving tooth is attached and at least swingably arranged on the main body frame. In the method of controlling the jaw crusher, in which the moving tooth is moved with respect to the tooth together with the swing jaw to change the distance between the immovable tooth and the moving tooth, and the crushed object placed between the immovable tooth and the moving tooth is crushed.
Of the non-contact type position sensors in which the detection unit detects the relative position of the marker unit with respect to the detection unit, the predetermined value of the swing jaw end portion on the side where the marker unit has a larger amplitude in the movement related to the swing of the swing jaw. Attached to the location,
The detection unit of the position sensor is attached to the main body frame that supports at least the swing jaw so as to be swingable, so that the movable range of the marker portion accompanying the movement of the swing jaw is included in the detection range.
The position sensor detects the position of the swing jaw based on the position detection of the marker portion.
When the jaw crusher is activated, the position of the swing jaw detected by the position sensor deviates from the swing jaw position corresponding to the case where the gap between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth has a preset size. Determine if it is in an abnormal state and
A method for controlling a jaw crusher, which comprises executing a notification prompting a predetermined worker to inspect the jaw crusher by a predetermined notification means in the case of the one abnormal state. In the method for controlling a jaw crusher according to claim 5,
From the known positional relationship between the swing jaw and each part of the jaw crusher other than the swing jaw when the gap between the moving tooth and the immovable tooth has a preset gap value in the stopped state before the start of the jaw crusher. Find the range in which the swing jaw position can change in the operating state of the swing jaw.
During the operation of the jaw crusher, it is determined whether or not the position of the swing jaw detected by the position sensor is in another abnormal state outside the variable range of the swing jaw position.
A method for controlling a jaw crusher, characterized in that, in the case of the other abnormal state, a moving swing jaw is stopped and a notification prompting a predetermined worker to inspect the jaw crusher is executed by the notification means.

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