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JP6988209B2 - Fluid disperser and fluid disperser - Google Patents

Fluid disperser and fluid disperser Download PDF

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JP6988209B2
JP6988209B2 JP2017135286A JP2017135286A JP6988209B2 JP 6988209 B2 JP6988209 B2 JP 6988209B2 JP 2017135286 A JP2017135286 A JP 2017135286A JP 2017135286 A JP2017135286 A JP 2017135286A JP 6988209 B2 JP6988209 B2 JP 6988209B2
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fluid
wall portion
fluid disperser
disperser
flow path
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JP2019013912A (en
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大輔 角田
茂樹 坂倉
信之 本間
高平 鶴ヶ谷
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IHI Corp
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IHI Corp
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Priority to JP2017135286A priority Critical patent/JP6988209B2/en
Priority to EP18831550.1A priority patent/EP3653289A4/en
Priority to CN201880045520.0A priority patent/CN110869116B/en
Priority to CA3069290A priority patent/CA3069290C/en
Priority to PCT/JP2018/025710 priority patent/WO2019013128A1/en
Publication of JP2019013912A publication Critical patent/JP2019013912A/en
Priority to US16/736,869 priority patent/US11650019B2/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
    • B01J4/001—Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes
    • B01J4/004—Sparger-type elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
    • B01J4/001—Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes
    • B01J4/005—Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes provided with baffles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
    • B01J8/065—Feeding reactive fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F28F2009/222—Particular guide plates, baffles or deflectors, e.g. having particular orientation relative to an elongated casing or conduit

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)

Description

本発明は、流体分散器及びそれを用いた流体分散装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a fluid disperser and a fluid disperser using the same.

従来、反応装置や熱交換器などの熱処理装置や、圧力容器において、流入した流体を、下流側に設置されている複数の流路などに向けて分散させる分散板が用いられている。特許文献１は、流入した排気再循環ガスを、下流側に設置されている複数の伝熱管に向けて分散させる複数の多孔板を有する熱交換器を開示している。 Conventionally, in a heat treatment device such as a reaction device or a heat exchanger, or in a pressure vessel, a dispersion plate for dispersing the inflowing fluid toward a plurality of flow paths installed on the downstream side has been used. Patent Document 1 discloses a heat exchanger having a plurality of perforated plates that disperse the inflowing exhaust gas recirculation gas toward a plurality of heat transfer tubes installed on the downstream side.

特開２００７−１７０２７１号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2007-170271

特許文献１に開示されているような多孔板に対して流体が正面から衝突すると、その流体は、すぐには多孔板に形成されている孔を通過せず、多孔板の表面に沿って流れる。そして、多孔板の表面を流れる流体は、多孔板を収容している容器の内壁に近接している多孔板の外縁部近傍に集中し、圧力が上昇することで、多孔板の外縁部の孔や、多孔板の外縁部と容器の内壁との間の隙間から、流体が下流側へと通り抜けていく。したがって、実際には、流速分布が多孔板の外縁部に偏っており、多孔板が流体をバランスよく分散させているとは言い難い。 When a fluid collides head-on with a perforated plate as disclosed in Patent Document 1, the fluid does not immediately pass through the holes formed in the perforated plate but flows along the surface of the perforated plate. .. The fluid flowing on the surface of the perforated plate is concentrated near the outer edge of the perforated plate, which is close to the inner wall of the container accommodating the perforated plate, and the pressure increases, so that the hole in the outer edge of the perforated plate is increased. In addition, the fluid passes downstream from the gap between the outer edge of the perforated plate and the inner wall of the container. Therefore, in reality, the flow velocity distribution is biased toward the outer edge of the perforated plate, and it cannot be said that the perforated plate disperses the fluid in a well-balanced manner.

そこで、本発明は、流体の分散性を向上させるのに有利な流体分散器及び流体分散装置を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a fluid disperser and a fluid disperser which are advantageous for improving the dispersibility of a fluid.

本発明の一態様によれば、流体分散器は、流路内に設置され、上流側に面する第１表面の中心領域に当該中心領域を一方の主平面として含む第１壁部を有し、第１壁部の周囲に上流側から下流側へ流体を流通可能とする複数の孔を有する板体と、第１表面から一端が突出するように設けられ、第１表面の中心領域から外縁部に向けて延びる直線に交差する内面を有する第２壁部と、を有する。 According to one aspect of the present invention, the fluid disperser is installed in the flow path and has a first wall portion including the central region as one main plane in the central region of the first surface facing the upstream side. , A plate having a plurality of holes that allow fluid to flow from the upstream side to the downstream side around the first wall portion, and an outer edge from the central region of the first surface, which is provided so that one end protrudes from the first surface. It has a second wall portion having an inner surface that intersects a straight line extending toward the portion.

また、上記の流体分散器において、第１表面に対して平行に切った第２壁部の断面形状は、第１表面の中心領域を中心基準とした環状であるものとしてもよい。第２壁部の高さは、板体に設けられている孔の開口径よりも小さいものとしてもよい。第１表面とは反対側となる板体の第２表面に設けられ、第２表面の中心領域から外縁部に向けて延びる直線に交差する内面を有する第３壁部を有するものとしてもよい。第２表面に対して平行に切った第３壁部の断面形状は、第２表面の中心領域を中心基準とした環状であるものとしてもよい。第３壁部の高さは、第２壁部の高さよりも高いものとしてもよい。第３壁部の内径は、第２壁部の内径と同一、又は、第２壁部の内径よりも大きいものとしてもよい。また、第２表面に設けられ、第２表面の中心領域から外縁部に向けて延びる直線に交差する内面を有する第４壁部を有し、第４壁部の外径は、第２壁部及び第３壁部のいずれの内径よりも小さいものとしてもよい。 Further, in the above fluid disperser, the cross-sectional shape of the second wall portion cut parallel to the first surface may be an annular shape with the central region of the first surface as a central reference. The height of the second wall portion may be smaller than the opening diameter of the hole provided in the plate body. It may have a third wall portion provided on the second surface of the plate body opposite to the first surface and having an inner surface intersecting a straight line extending from the central region of the second surface toward the outer edge portion. The cross-sectional shape of the third wall portion cut parallel to the second surface may be an annular shape with the central region of the second surface as a central reference. The height of the third wall portion may be higher than the height of the second wall portion. The inner diameter of the third wall portion may be the same as the inner diameter of the second wall portion or larger than the inner diameter of the second wall portion. Further, it has a fourth wall portion provided on the second surface and having an inner surface intersecting a straight line extending from the central region of the second surface toward the outer edge portion, and the outer diameter of the fourth wall portion is the second wall portion. And may be smaller than any inner diameter of the third wall portion.

また、本発明の一態様によれば、流体分散装置は、下流側の流路径が上流側の流路径よりも大きくなる内曲面を有する筒状部と、筒状部に設置され、流路内に流体を流入させる開口部と、流路内に設置される上記の流体分散器と、を有し、流体分散器の第１壁部は、開口部の開口に対向し、流体分散器の第２壁部は、内曲面に向けて突出する。 Further, according to one aspect of the present invention, the fluid disperser is installed in a tubular portion having an inner curved surface in which the flow path diameter on the downstream side is larger than the flow path diameter on the upstream side, and in the flow path. The first wall portion of the fluid disperser has an opening for allowing the fluid to flow into the flow path and the above-mentioned fluid disperser installed in the flow path. The two wall portions project toward the inner curved surface.

また、上記の流体分散装置において、上流側から下流側へ流体を流通可能とする複数の孔を有する多孔板を有し、多孔板は、流路内において、流体分散器の板体と平行に、かつ、流体分散器よりも下流側に設置されるものとしてもよい。 Further, the above-mentioned fluid disperser has a perforated plate having a plurality of holes that allow fluid to flow from the upstream side to the downstream side, and the perforated plate is parallel to the plate body of the fluid disperser in the flow path. Moreover, it may be installed on the downstream side of the fluid disperser.

本発明によれば、流体の分散性を向上させるのに有利な流体分散器及び流体分散装置を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fluid disperser and a fluid disperser which are advantageous for improving the dispersibility of a fluid.

本発明の一実施形態に係る流体分散装置の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the fluid dispersion apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る流体分散器の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the fluid disperser which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る流体分散器の構成条件を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the constituent condition of the fluid disperser which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る流体分散器の寸法条件を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the dimensional condition of the fluid disperser which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の他の実施形態に係る流体分散器の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the fluid disperser which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. 比較例としての流体分散装置の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the fluid dispersion apparatus as a comparative example.

以下、本発明の実施形態について図面を参照して詳細に説明する。以下の実施形態に示す寸法、材料、その他、具体的な数値等は、例示にすぎず、特に断る場合を除き、本発明を限定するものではない。また、実質的に同一の機能及び構成を有する要素については、同一の符号を付することにより重複説明を省略し、本発明に直接関係のない要素については、図示を省略する。さらに、以下の各図では、流体分散器において、多数の孔が形成されている板体の表面と平行にＸＹ平面を取り、ＸＹ平面に対して垂直となる孔の貫通方向にＺ方向を取る。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The dimensions, materials, and other specific numerical values shown in the following embodiments are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited unless otherwise specified. Further, elements having substantially the same function and configuration are designated by the same reference numerals to omit duplicate explanations, and elements not directly related to the present invention are not shown. Further, in each of the following figures, in the fluid disperser, the XY plane is taken parallel to the surface of the plate on which a large number of holes are formed, and the Z direction is taken in the penetrating direction of the holes perpendicular to the XY plane. ..

図１は、本発明の一実施形態に係る流体分散装置１２０の一部の構成を示す斜視図である。本発明の流体分散装置は、例えば、反応装置や熱交換器などの熱処理装置や、圧力容器に採用され得る装置であり、流入した流体を、下流側に設置されている複数の流路などに向けて分散させる。本実施形態では、一例として、流体分散装置が反応装置に設置される場合を想定する。ここで、反応装置とは、反応流体と熱媒体との熱交換を利用し、反応体としての反応原料を含んだ気体又は液体の反応流体を加熱又は冷却することで反応体の反応を進行させて、所望の生成物を得る装置をいう。 FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a partial configuration of a fluid dispersion device 120 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The fluid disperser of the present invention is, for example, a device that can be used in a heat treatment device such as a reaction device or a heat exchanger, or a pressure vessel, and allows the inflowing fluid to flow into a plurality of flow paths installed on the downstream side. Disperse towards. In this embodiment, as an example, it is assumed that the fluid disperser is installed in the reaction device. Here, the reactor uses heat exchange between the reaction fluid and the heat medium to heat or cool the gas or liquid reaction fluid containing the reaction raw material as the reactant to advance the reaction of the reactant. A device for obtaining a desired product.

反応装置１００は、本体部としての熱交換部１１０と、流体を熱交換部１１０に導入する流体導入部としての流体分散装置１２０とを含む。なお、流体分散装置１２０に流入される流体は、反応装置１００の構成により、反応流体となる場合も熱媒体となる場合もあるが、ここでは、反応流体であるものとする。 The reaction device 100 includes a heat exchange unit 110 as a main body unit and a fluid dispersion device 120 as a fluid introduction unit for introducing a fluid into the heat exchange unit 110. The fluid flowing into the fluid dispersion device 120 may be a reaction fluid or a heat medium depending on the configuration of the reaction device 100, but here, it is assumed to be a reaction fluid.

熱交換部１１０は、反応流体に含まれる原料ガスから生成物を生成する。熱交換部１１０は、複数の第１伝熱体と、複数の第２伝熱体とを含む。第１伝熱体及び第２伝熱体は、それぞれ、耐熱性の高い熱伝導性素材で形成された平板状部材である。第１伝熱体と第２伝熱体とは、交互に積層されて、全体として直方体状の熱交換部１１０を形成する。 The heat exchange unit 110 produces a product from the raw material gas contained in the reaction fluid. The heat exchange unit 110 includes a plurality of first heat transfer bodies and a plurality of second heat transfer bodies. Each of the first heat transfer body and the second heat transfer body is a flat plate-shaped member formed of a heat conductive material having high heat resistance. The first heat transfer body and the second heat transfer body are alternately laminated to form a rectangular parallelepiped heat exchange portion 110 as a whole.

第１伝熱体は、Ｙ方向に一列に並ぶ複数の第１流路を有する。第１流路は、流体分散装置１２０を通じて導入された反応流体が流通する反応流路となる管内流路である。第１流路の入口側の開口１３０は、それぞれ、流体分散装置１２０側の第３空間Ｓ３に面した管の先端部の開口に相当する。また、第１流路の出口側の開口は、不図示であるが、熱交換部１１０の別位置に設けられており、生成された生成物等を熱交換部１１０の外部へ排出する。 The first heat transfer body has a plurality of first flow paths arranged in a row in the Y direction. The first flow path is an in-pipe flow path that is a reaction flow path through which the reaction fluid introduced through the fluid dispersion device 120 flows. The opening 130 on the inlet side of the first flow path corresponds to the opening at the tip of the pipe facing the third space S3 on the fluid dispersion device 120 side, respectively. Further, although the opening on the outlet side of the first flow path is not shown, it is provided at a different position of the heat exchange unit 110, and the generated product or the like is discharged to the outside of the heat exchange unit 110.

第２伝熱体は、Ｙ方向に一列に並ぶ複数の第２流路を有する。第２流路は、熱媒体が流通する熱媒体流路となる管内流路である。第２流路の入口側の開口は、不図示であるが、それぞれ、流体分散装置１２０とはＺ方向で反対側に面するように設けられており、流体分散装置１２０の筒状部１４０と類似形状の熱媒体導入部を通じて熱媒体を導入する。また、第２流路の出口側の開口は、不図示であるが、熱交換部１１０の別位置に設けられており、第２流路を通過し終えた熱媒体を熱交換部１１０の外部へ排出する。 The second heat transfer body has a plurality of second flow paths arranged in a row in the Y direction. The second flow path is an in-pipe flow path that serves as a heat medium flow path through which the heat medium flows. Although the opening on the inlet side of the second flow path is not shown, each is provided so as to face the opposite side in the Z direction from the fluid disperser 120, and the tubular portion 140 of the fluid disperser 120 and the opening are provided. A heat medium is introduced through a heat medium introduction unit having a similar shape. Further, although the opening on the outlet side of the second flow path is not shown, it is provided at a different position of the heat exchange section 110, and the heat medium that has passed through the second flow path is placed outside the heat exchange section 110. Discharge to.

熱交換部１１０は、このように、第１流路内の反応流体と第２流路内の熱媒体とが互いに反対方向に流れる対向流型の構造を有する。そして、第１流路では、第２流路を流通する熱媒体から供給された熱を受容して原料ガスが反応し、生成物が生成される。 The heat exchange unit 110 has a countercurrent structure in which the reaction fluid in the first flow path and the heat medium in the second flow path flow in opposite directions in this way. Then, in the first flow path, the raw material gas reacts by receiving the heat supplied from the heat medium flowing through the second flow path, and a product is produced.

流体分散装置１２０は、筒状部１４０と、それぞれ筒状部１４０の内部に設置される、本発明の一実施形態に係る流体分散器１０と、多孔板１５０とを有する。 The fluid disperser 120 has a tubular portion 140, a fluid disperser 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is installed inside the tubular portion 140, and a perforated plate 150, respectively.

筒状部１４０は、互いにＺ方向で対向する２つの開口を有し、その内部空間を反応流体の流路とする部材である。特に、一方の開口が、反応流体を導入する第１開口部１４０ａであり、他方の開口が、熱交換部１１０に向けて反応流体を導出する第２開口部１４０ｂである。Ｚ方向に沿った軸を中心軸とすると、中心軸に対して垂直となるＸＹ平面で切った筒状部１４０の断面形状は環状となる。ただし、筒状部１４０の内径である流路径は、上流側から下流側に進むにつれて徐々に大きくなる。特に、第１開口部１４０ａにおける流路径が最小であり、第２開口部１４０ｂにおける流路径が最大である。すなわち、筒状部１４０は、下流側の流路径が上流側の流路径よりも大きい内曲面１４０ｃを有する。 The tubular portion 140 is a member having two openings facing each other in the Z direction and using the internal space as a flow path for the reaction fluid. In particular, one opening is the first opening 140a into which the reaction fluid is introduced, and the other opening is the second opening 140b for leading the reaction fluid toward the heat exchange unit 110. Assuming that the axis along the Z direction is the central axis, the cross-sectional shape of the tubular portion 140 cut in the XY plane perpendicular to the central axis is annular. However, the flow path diameter, which is the inner diameter of the tubular portion 140, gradually increases from the upstream side to the downstream side. In particular, the flow path diameter in the first opening 140a is the smallest, and the flow path diameter in the second opening 140b is the largest. That is, the cylindrical portion 140 has an inner curved surface 140c in which the flow path diameter on the downstream side is larger than the flow path diameter on the upstream side.

第１開口部１４０ａは、不図示であるが、反応装置１００の外部に設置されている反応流体供給部に供給配管を介して接続されている。したがって、第１開口部１４０ａの内径は、供給配管の管径におおよそ合わせて設定されている。一方、第２開口部１４０ｂは、複数の開口１３０が形成されている熱交換部１１０の側面をすべて覆う程度の内径を有する。これにより、筒状部１４０の内部には、熱交換部１１０の反応流体導入側の側面に面する密閉された空間が形成される。 Although not shown, the first opening 140a is connected to a reaction fluid supply unit installed outside the reaction device 100 via a supply pipe. Therefore, the inner diameter of the first opening 140a is set substantially according to the pipe diameter of the supply pipe. On the other hand, the second opening 140b has an inner diameter sufficient to cover all the side surfaces of the heat exchange portion 110 in which the plurality of openings 130 are formed. As a result, a closed space facing the side surface of the heat exchange unit 110 on the reaction fluid introduction side is formed inside the tubular portion 140.

なお、筒状部１４０は、熱交換部１１０に対して着脱可能又は開閉可能に設置される。この着脱等により、筒状部１４０の内部空間に、流体分散器１０及び多孔板１５０を設置することができる。また、熱交換部１１０の第１流路内には、反応に寄与する触媒体が別途設置される場合があるが、この着脱等により、作業者が第１流路に対する触媒体の挿入や抜き出しを行うことができる。 The tubular portion 140 is installed so as to be removable or openable / closable with respect to the heat exchange portion 110. By this attachment / detachment or the like, the fluid disperser 10 and the perforated plate 150 can be installed in the internal space of the tubular portion 140. Further, a catalyst body that contributes to the reaction may be separately installed in the first flow path of the heat exchange unit 110, but the operator inserts or removes the catalyst body into the first flow path by attaching / detaching the catalyst body. It can be performed.

図２は、流体分散器１０の構成を示す斜視図である。このうち、図２（ａ）は、流体分散器１０の反応流体が突き当たる側を見た図である。一方、図２（ｂ）は、流体分散器１０の反応流体が放出される側を見た図である。 FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the fluid disperser 10. Of these, FIG. 2A is a view of the side of the fluid disperser 10 to which the reaction fluid abuts. On the other hand, FIG. 2B is a view of the side where the reaction fluid of the fluid disperser 10 is discharged.

流体分散器１０は、まず、円板状の板体１２を有する。板体１２は、円形である表裏の主表面を有する。以下、筒状部１４０の流路内に設置されたときに反応流体が突き当たる側、すなわち、上流側に面する側の主表面を第１表面１２ａとする。一方、筒状部１４０の流路内に設置されたときに反応流体が放出される側、すなわち、下流側に面する側の主表面を第２表面１２ｂとする。板体１２は、それぞれ、第１表面１２ａと第２表面１２ｂとで貫通し、上流側から下流側へ反応流体を流通可能とする複数の孔１２ｃを有する。ただし、孔１２ｃは、板体１２の主平面全体に形成されてはおらず、特に主平面の中心領域には形成されていない。以下、孔１２ｃが形成されていない板体１２の中心領域の部分を第１壁部１２ｄと表記する。 The fluid disperser 10 first has a disk-shaped plate body 12. The plate body 12 has front and back main surfaces that are circular. Hereinafter, the main surface on the side where the reaction fluid abuts when installed in the flow path of the tubular portion 140, that is, the side facing the upstream side, is referred to as the first surface 12a. On the other hand, the side where the reaction fluid is discharged when installed in the flow path of the tubular portion 140, that is, the main surface on the side facing the downstream side is referred to as the second surface 12b. The plate body 12 has a plurality of holes 12c that penetrate through the first surface 12a and the second surface 12b and allow the reaction fluid to flow from the upstream side to the downstream side, respectively. However, the hole 12c is not formed in the entire main plane of the plate body 12, and is not particularly formed in the central region of the main plane. Hereinafter, the portion of the central region of the plate body 12 in which the hole 12c is not formed is referred to as a first wall portion 12d.

また、流体分散器１０は、第１表面１２ａに設けられる第２壁部１４を有する。本実施形態では、第２壁部１４は、板体１２の中心領域を中心基準として設置される環状部材である。第２壁部１４は、板体１２とは別に製作され、板体１２に対して、溶接や接着等により固定され得る。ただし、板体１２と第２壁部１４とは、予め一体として製作されてもよい。なお、第２壁部１４を規定する条件などについては、以下で詳説する。 Further, the fluid disperser 10 has a second wall portion 14 provided on the first surface 12a. In the present embodiment, the second wall portion 14 is an annular member installed with the central region of the plate body 12 as a central reference. The second wall portion 14 is manufactured separately from the plate body 12, and can be fixed to the plate body 12 by welding, adhesion, or the like. However, the plate body 12 and the second wall portion 14 may be manufactured integrally in advance. The conditions for defining the second wall portion 14 will be described in detail below.

さらに、流体分散器１０は、それぞれ、第２表面１２ｂに設けられる第３壁部１６及び第４壁部１８を有する。本実施形態では、第３壁部１６及び第４壁部１８は、ともに、板体１２の中心領域を中心基準として設置される環状部材である。また、第３壁部１６の内径は、第４壁部１８の外径よりも大きい。第３壁部１６及び第４壁部１８も、板体１２とは別に製作され、板体１２に対して、溶接や接着等により固定されてもよいし、板体１２と第３壁部１６及び第４壁部１８とは、予め一体として製作されてもよい。なお、第３壁部１６及び第４壁部１８を規定する条件などについては、以下で詳説する。 Further, the fluid disperser 10 has a third wall portion 16 and a fourth wall portion 18 provided on the second surface 12b, respectively. In the present embodiment, both the third wall portion 16 and the fourth wall portion 18 are annular members installed with the central region of the plate body 12 as the central reference. Further, the inner diameter of the third wall portion 16 is larger than the outer diameter of the fourth wall portion 18. The third wall portion 16 and the fourth wall portion 18 are also manufactured separately from the plate body 12, and may be fixed to the plate body 12 by welding, adhesion, or the like, or the plate body 12 and the third wall portion 16 And the fourth wall portion 18 may be manufactured integrally in advance. The conditions for defining the third wall portion 16 and the fourth wall portion 18 will be described in detail below.

図３は、流体分散器１０の構成条件を説明するための平面図である。このうち、図３（ａ）は、流体分散器１０の第１表面１２ａ側を見た図である。一方、図３（ｂ）は、流体分散器１０の第２表面１２ｂ側を見た図である。 FIG. 3 is a plan view for explaining the constituent conditions of the fluid disperser 10. Of these, FIG. 3A is a view of the first surface 12a side of the fluid disperser 10. On the other hand, FIG. 3B is a view of the second surface 12b side of the fluid disperser 10.

第２壁部１４は、図３（ａ）に示すように、第１表面１２ａの中心領域から外縁部に向けて延びる直線ＬＮに交差する内面１４ａを有する。例えば、ここでいう中心領域を、第１表面１２ａの重心点Ｐ０とする。重心点Ｐ０から外縁部に向けて放射状に延びる直線ＬＮは、第２壁部１４のいずれかの部分に突き当たる必要がある。本実施形態では、第２壁部１４のＸＹ平面で切った断面形状が環状であるから、直線ＬＮが重心点Ｐ０からＸＹ平面内のどの方向の外縁部に向けて延びたとしても、必ず第２壁部１４の内面１４ａに突き当たり、交点Ｐ１で交差することになる。 As shown in FIG. 3A, the second wall portion 14 has an inner surface 14a that intersects a straight line LN extending from the central region of the first surface 12a toward the outer edge portion. For example, the central region referred to here, the center of gravity P 0 of the first surface 12a. The straight line LN extending radially from the center of gravity point P 0 toward the outer edge portion needs to hit any part of the second wall portion 14. In the present embodiment, since the cross-sectional shape taken along the XY plane of the second wall portion 14 is annular, also as a straight line LN is extended toward any direction in the outer edge of the XY plane from the center of gravity point P 0, always abuts on the inner surface 14a of the second wall portion 14, will intersect at the intersection point P 1.

第３壁部１６及び第４壁部１８についても、図３（ｂ）に示すように、上記の第２壁部１４に関する条件と同様の条件を満たすことが望ましい。例えば、第３壁部１６は、板体１２の中心領域から外縁部に向けて延びる直線ＬＮに交点Ｐ２で交差する内面１６ａを有するものとする。同様に、第４壁部１８も、板体１２の中心領域から外縁部に向けて延びる直線ＬＮに交点Ｐ３で交差する内面１８ａを有するものとする。 As shown in FIG. 3B, it is desirable that the third wall portion 16 and the fourth wall portion 18 satisfy the same conditions as those relating to the second wall portion 14 described above. For example, the third wall portion 16 is assumed to have an inner surface 16a that intersect at the intersection point P 2 on the straight line LN extending toward the outer edge from the central region of the plate member 12. Similarly, the fourth wall portion 18 is also assumed to have an inner surface 18a that intersect at the intersection point P 3 on the straight line LN extending toward the outer edge from the central region of the plate member 12.

図４は、流体分散器１０の寸法条件を説明するための側面及び断面図である。板体１２について、外径はＤであり、厚さはｔ０である。板体１２に形成されている孔１２ｃの開口径は、それぞれｄ０である。第２壁部１４について、壁部の厚さはｔ１であり、内径はｄ１であり、第１表面１２ａからの高さはＬ１である。第３壁部１６について、壁部の厚さはｔ２であり、内径はｄ２であり、第２表面１２ｂからの高さはＬ２である。また、第４壁部１８について、壁部の厚さはｔ３であり、内径はｄ３であり、第２表面１２ｂからの高さは、第３壁部１６と同様にＬ２である。ここで、各壁部の厚さｔ１，ｔ２，ｔ３については、特に限定するものではないが、多くの孔１２ｃを塞ぐことのないように、孔１２ｃの開口径ｄ０よりも小さいことが望ましい。なお、これらの定義を用いた流体分散器１０の各条件については、流体分散器１０及び流体分散装置１２０の作用と併せて後述する。 FIG. 4 is a side view and a cross-sectional view for explaining the dimensional conditions of the fluid disperser 10. For the plate body 12, the outer diameter is D and the thickness is t 0 . The opening diameters of the holes 12c formed in the plate body 12 are d 0 , respectively. For the second wall portion 14, the thickness of the wall portion is t 1 , the inner diameter is d 1 , and the height from the first surface 12 a is L 1 . For the third wall portion 16, the thickness of the wall portion is t 2 , the inner diameter is d 2 , and the height from the second surface 12 b is L 2 . Further, regarding the fourth wall portion 18, the thickness of the wall portion is t 3 , the inner diameter is d 3 , and the height from the second surface 12 b is L 2 as in the third wall portion 16. Here, the thicknesses t 1 , t 2 , and t 3 of each wall portion are not particularly limited, but are smaller than the opening diameter d 0 of the holes 12c so as not to block many holes 12c. Is desirable. Each condition of the fluid disperser 10 using these definitions will be described later together with the operations of the fluid disperser 10 and the fluid disperser 120.

また、多孔板１５０は、上流側から下流側へ反応流体を流通可能とする複数の孔１５０ａを有する流体分散板である。特に、多孔板１５０は、図１に示すように、筒状部１４０の流路内において、流体分散器１０の板体１２と平行となり、かつ、流体分散器１０よりも下流側に設置される。多孔板１５０の外径は、設置される流路内の位置により、筒状部１４０に接しない程度に、筒状部１４０の内径と同等とし得る。多孔板１５０の厚さも、流体分散器１０の板体１２の厚さｔ０と同等とし得る。また、多孔板１５０に形成されている孔１５０ａの開口径も、流体分散器１０の板体１２に形成されている孔１２ｃの開口径と同等とし得る。 Further, the perforated plate 150 is a fluid dispersion plate having a plurality of holes 150a that allow the reaction fluid to flow from the upstream side to the downstream side. In particular, as shown in FIG. 1, the perforated plate 150 is installed in the flow path of the tubular portion 140 in parallel with the plate body 12 of the fluid disperser 10 and on the downstream side of the fluid disperser 10. .. The outer diameter of the perforated plate 150 may be the same as the inner diameter of the tubular portion 140 to the extent that it does not come into contact with the tubular portion 140, depending on the position in the flow path to be installed. The thickness of the perforated plate 150 may be the same as the thickness t 0 of the plate body 12 of the fluid disperser 10. Further, the opening diameter of the hole 150a formed in the perforated plate 150 may be the same as the opening diameter of the hole 12c formed in the plate body 12 of the fluid disperser 10.

筒状部１４０の流路内には、流体分散器１０と、多孔板１５０との存在により、３つの空間が形成される。具体的には、第１開口部１４０ａと流体分散器１０との間の空間が第１空間Ｓ１であり、流体分散器１０と多孔板１５０との間の空間が第２空間Ｓ２であり、そして、多孔板１５０と第２開口部１４０ｂとの間の空間が第３空間Ｓ３である。 Three spaces are formed in the flow path of the tubular portion 140 due to the presence of the fluid disperser 10 and the perforated plate 150. Specifically, the space between the first opening 140a and the fluid disperser 10 is the first space S1, the space between the fluid disperser 10 and the perforated plate 150 is the second space S2, and The space between the perforated plate 150 and the second opening 140b is the third space S3.

次に、本実施形態による作用について、図１を参照して説明する。図１では、反応流体Ｒを流れ方向とともに白抜きの矢印で示している。 Next, the operation according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, the reaction fluid R is indicated by a white arrow together with the flow direction.

流体分散器１０は、板体１２の中央領域にある第１壁部１２ｄが、第１開口部１４０ａの開口に対向するように、予め筒状部１４０の流路内に設置されている。また、板体１２の外径Ｄは、板体１２が筒状部１４０に接しない程度に、筒状部１４０の内径と同等に予め設定されている。すなわち、厳密には、板体１２の外縁部とそれに近接する筒状部１４０の内面との間には、隙間が存在している。 The fluid disperser 10 is previously installed in the flow path of the tubular portion 140 so that the first wall portion 12d in the central region of the plate body 12 faces the opening of the first opening portion 140a. Further, the outer diameter D of the plate body 12 is set in advance to be equal to the inner diameter of the tubular portion 140 so that the plate body 12 does not come into contact with the tubular portion 140. That is, strictly speaking, there is a gap between the outer edge portion of the plate body 12 and the inner surface of the tubular portion 140 adjacent thereto.

まず、外部の反応流体供給部から供給された反応流体Ｒ１は、第１開口部１４０ａから筒状部１４０内の第１空間Ｓ１へ流入する。流入した反応流体Ｒ１は、流体分散器１０の第１壁部１２ｄに衝突する。第１壁部１２ｄには孔１２ｃが存在しないので、衝突した反応流体Ｒ２は、第１表面１２ａに沿って放射状に流れる。 First, the reaction fluid R1 supplied from the external reaction fluid supply unit flows into the first space S1 in the tubular portion 140 from the first opening 140a. The inflowing reaction fluid R1 collides with the first wall portion 12d of the fluid disperser 10. Since the hole 12c does not exist in the first wall portion 12d, the colliding reaction fluid R2 flows radially along the first surface 12a.

本実施形態では、第１表面１２ａ上に、第２壁部１４が存在する。特に、流体分散器１０が第１開口部１４０ａに近い位置に設置されていると、第２壁部１４は、第１表面１２ａから、筒状部１４０の内曲面１４０ｃに向かって突出する形となる。換言すれば、第１表面１２ａに対して垂直となるＺ方向について、第２壁部１４の内面１４ａの延長上に、内曲面１４０ｃが存在することになる。したがって、第１表面１２ａに沿って放射状に流れてきた反応流体Ｒ２は、第２壁部１４の内面１４ａに衝突する。内面１４ａに衝突した反応流体Ｒ３は、内曲面１４０ｃに向かうように流れ方向を変える。そして、内曲面１４０ｃに衝突した反応流体は、２つの流れ方向に分岐する。 In the present embodiment, the second wall portion 14 is present on the first surface 12a. In particular, when the fluid disperser 10 is installed at a position close to the first opening 140a, the second wall portion 14 has a shape protruding from the first surface 12a toward the inner curved surface 140c of the tubular portion 140. Become. In other words, the inner curved surface 140c exists on the extension of the inner surface 14a of the second wall portion 14 in the Z direction perpendicular to the first surface 12a. Therefore, the reaction fluid R2 that has flowed radially along the first surface 12a collides with the inner surface 14a of the second wall portion 14. The reaction fluid R3 colliding with the inner surface 14a changes the flow direction toward the inner curved surface 140c. Then, the reaction fluid that collides with the inner curved surface 140c branches in two flow directions.

第１に、内曲面１４０ｃに衝突した反応流体の一部は、反応流体Ｒ４として、第２壁部１４よりも内側の領域で、第１壁部１２ｄ側に戻され、再度、第１表面１２ａに沿って第２壁部１４に向かうような、旋回流となる。ここで、第２壁部１４よりも内側の領域の圧力が上昇すると、旋回流の一部が、反応流体Ｒ５として、第２壁部１４よりも内側の板体１２に存在する孔１２ｃを通過し、第２空間Ｓ２へ流入する。 First, a part of the reaction fluid that collided with the inner curved surface 140c is returned to the first wall portion 12d side in the region inside the second wall portion 14 as the reaction fluid R4, and again, the first surface 12a. It becomes a swirling flow so as to go toward the second wall portion 14 along the above. Here, when the pressure in the region inside the second wall portion 14 rises, a part of the swirling flow passes through the hole 12c existing in the plate body 12 inside the second wall portion 14 as the reaction fluid R5. Then, it flows into the second space S2.

第２に、内曲面１４０ｃに衝突した反応流体のその他の一部は、反応流体Ｒ６として、内曲面１４０ｃに沿って板体１２の外縁部側に流れる。そして、外縁部近傍の圧力が上昇すると、反応流体Ｒ６の一部が、反応流体Ｒ７として、第２壁部１４よりも外側の領域に存在する孔１２ｃを通過し、第２空間Ｓ２へ流入する。一方、反応流体Ｒ６のその他の一部は、反応流体Ｒ８として、板体１２の外縁部とそれに近接する筒状部１４０の内面との間の隙間を通過して、第２空間Ｓ２へ流入する。 Second, the other part of the reaction fluid that collides with the inner curved surface 140c flows as the reaction fluid R6 toward the outer edge portion of the plate body 12 along the inner curved surface 140c. Then, when the pressure near the outer edge portion rises, a part of the reaction fluid R6 passes through the hole 12c existing in the region outside the second wall portion 14 as the reaction fluid R7 and flows into the second space S2. .. On the other hand, the other part of the reaction fluid R6 passes through the gap between the outer edge portion of the plate body 12 and the inner surface of the tubular portion 140 adjacent thereto as the reaction fluid R8, and flows into the second space S2. ..

このように、流体分散器１０を通過する反応流体は、反応流体Ｒ５のように、板体１２のおおよそ中心領域から分散されるものと、反応流体Ｒ７のように、板体１２のおおよそ外縁部から分散されるものとに分かれる。すなわち、流体分散器１０を通過する反応流体は、板体１２の第２表面１２ｂの一部の領域から偏って放出されるのではなく、第２表面１２ｂの比較的全面から放出されることになり、結果として分散性が良好となる。 As described above, the reaction fluid passing through the fluid disperser 10 is dispersed from the substantially central region of the plate body 12 like the reaction fluid R5, and the approximate outer edge portion of the plate body 12 like the reaction fluid R7. It is divided into those that are dispersed from. That is, the reaction fluid passing through the fluid disperser 10 is not discharged unevenly from a part of the second surface 12b of the plate body 12, but is discharged from a relatively entire surface of the second surface 12b. As a result, the dispersibility is good.

第２空間Ｓ２へと流入した反応流体Ｒ５，Ｒ７，Ｒ８は、おおよそ直線状に多孔板１５０に向かって流れ、それぞれ、多孔板１５０に形成されている孔１５０ａを通過する。そして、それぞれ孔１５０ａを通過した反応流体Ｒ９は、多孔板１５０により整流されて、多孔板１５０の全面についておおよそ均一な流速分布となって、熱交換部１１０にある複数の開口１３０のそれぞれに対してバランスよく分配される。 The reaction fluids R5, R7, and R8 that have flowed into the second space S2 flow substantially linearly toward the perforated plate 150, and each pass through the holes 150a formed in the perforated plate 150. Then, the reaction fluid R9 that has passed through the holes 150a is rectified by the perforated plate 150 to have a substantially uniform flow velocity distribution over the entire surface of the perforated plate 150, with respect to each of the plurality of openings 130 in the heat exchange portion 110. Is distributed in a well-balanced manner.

ここで、本実施形態に対する比較例として、本実施形態に係る流体分散器１０を用いない場合の反応流体Ｒの流れについて説明する。図６は、比較例としての流体分散装置２２０の一部の構成を示す斜視図である。なお、図６は、図１に対応するように描画されており、ここでも、反応流体Ｒを流れ方向とともに白抜きの矢印で示している。 Here, as a comparative example with respect to the present embodiment, the flow of the reaction fluid R when the fluid disperser 10 according to the present embodiment is not used will be described. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a partial configuration of the fluid dispersion device 220 as a comparative example. Note that FIG. 6 is drawn so as to correspond to FIG. 1, and again, the reaction fluid R is indicated by a white arrow together with the flow direction.

流体分散装置２２０は、本実施形態と同様に反応装置２００に採用されるものである。特に、流体分散装置２２０では、流体分散器１０に代えて、複数の孔２３０ａが形成されている単なる多孔板２３０が設置されている点が、本実施形態に係る流体分散装置１２０と異なる。ここでは、比較を容易とするために、多孔板２３０が、流体分散器１０に含まれる板体１２と同等の構成を有するものとする。 The fluid dispersion device 220 is adopted in the reaction device 200 as in the present embodiment. In particular, the fluid disperser 220 is different from the fluid disperser 120 according to the present embodiment in that instead of the fluid disperser 10, a mere perforated plate 230 having a plurality of holes 230a is installed. Here, in order to facilitate comparison, it is assumed that the perforated plate 230 has the same configuration as the plate body 12 included in the fluid disperser 10.

まず、外部の反応流体供給部から供給された反応流体Ｒ１が、多孔板２３０の表面に衝突し、衝突した反応流体Ｒ２が、表面に沿って放射状に流れる点は、本実施形態の場合と同様である。 First, the reaction fluid R1 supplied from the external reaction fluid supply unit collides with the surface of the porous plate 230, and the colliding reaction fluid R2 flows radially along the surface, as in the case of the present embodiment. Is.

しかし、多孔板２３０は、本実施形態のような第２壁部１４を有しない。そのため、反応流体Ｒ２は、多孔板２３０の表面に沿って多孔板２３０の外縁部まで流れる。そして、外縁部に到達した反応流体Ｒ２は、２つの流れ方向に分岐する。 However, the perforated plate 230 does not have the second wall portion 14 as in the present embodiment. Therefore, the reaction fluid R2 flows along the surface of the perforated plate 230 to the outer edge of the perforated plate 230. Then, the reaction fluid R2 that has reached the outer edge portion branches in two flow directions.

第１に、外縁部に到達した反応流体Ｒ２の一部は、反応流体Ｒ３として、筒状部１４０の内曲面１４０ｃに沿って第１開口部１４０ａ側に戻され、再度、多孔板２３０の表面に沿って外縁部に向かうような、旋回流となる。結果として、この旋回流は、反応流体Ｒ２に合流する。 First, a part of the reaction fluid R2 that has reached the outer edge portion is returned to the first opening 140a side along the inner curved surface 140c of the tubular portion 140 as the reaction fluid R3, and is again the surface of the porous plate 230. It becomes a swirling flow that goes toward the outer edge along the. As a result, this swirling flow joins the reaction fluid R2.

第２に、外縁部に到達した反応流体Ｒ２のその他の一部は、反応流体Ｒ４として、圧力上昇に伴って、外縁部近傍に存在する孔２３０ａを通過するとともに、外縁部とそれに近接する筒状部１４０の内面との間の隙間を通過して、第２空間Ｓ２へ流入する。 Secondly, the other part of the reaction fluid R2 that has reached the outer edge portion passes through the hole 230a existing near the outer edge portion as the reaction fluid R4 as the pressure rises, and also passes through the outer edge portion and the cylinder in the vicinity thereof. It passes through the gap between the inner surface of the shaped portion 140 and flows into the second space S2.

このように、多孔板２３０を通過する反応流体は、そのほとんどが、反応流体Ｒ４のように、多孔板２３０のおおよそ外縁部から分散される。すなわち、多孔板２３０を通過する反応流体は、板体１２の第２表面１２ｂに相当する多孔板２３０の裏面の一部の領域から偏って放出される。 As described above, most of the reaction fluid passing through the perforated plate 230 is dispersed from the substantially outer edge portion of the perforated plate 230 like the reaction fluid R4. That is, the reaction fluid passing through the perforated plate 230 is unevenly discharged from a part of the back surface of the perforated plate 230 corresponding to the second surface 12b of the plate body 12.

第２空間Ｓ２へと流入した反応流体Ｒ４は、おおよそ直線状に多孔板１５０に向かって流れる。そのため、反応流体Ｒ９が多孔板１５０により整流されたとしても、多孔板１５０の中心領域を含む広い領域にある孔１５０ａを通過した反応流体Ｒ９ｂよりも、多孔板１５０の外縁部にある孔１５０ａを通過した反応流体Ｒ９ａの方が、流速が速まる。したがって、多孔板１５０の全面に対する流速分布には偏りが生じることになるため、反応流体Ｒ９が、熱交換部１１０にある複数の開口１３０のそれぞれに対してバランスよく分配されづらくなる。 The reaction fluid R4 that has flowed into the second space S2 flows substantially linearly toward the perforated plate 150. Therefore, even if the reaction fluid R9 is rectified by the perforated plate 150, the hole 150a at the outer edge of the perforated plate 150 is more than the reaction fluid R9 b that has passed through the hole 150a in a wide region including the central region of the perforated plate 150. The flow velocity of the reaction fluid R9 a that has passed through the above is faster. Therefore, since the flow velocity distribution with respect to the entire surface of the perforated plate 150 is biased, it becomes difficult for the reaction fluid R9 to be distributed to each of the plurality of openings 130 in the heat exchange portion 110 in a well-balanced manner.

次に、本実施形態による効果について説明する。 Next, the effect of this embodiment will be described.

まず、本実施形態に係る流体分散器１０は、流路内に設置され、上流側に面する第１表面１２ａの中心領域に第１壁部１２ｄを有し、上流側から下流側へ流体を流通可能とする複数の孔１２ｃを有する板体１２を有する。また、流体分散器１０は、第１表面１２ａに設けられ、第１表面１２ａの中心領域から外縁部に向けて延びる直線ＬＮに交差する内面１４ａを有する第２壁部１４を有する。 First, the fluid disperser 10 according to the present embodiment is installed in the flow path, has a first wall portion 12d in the central region of the first surface 12a facing the upstream side, and allows fluid to flow from the upstream side to the downstream side. It has a plate body 12 having a plurality of holes 12c that can be distributed. Further, the fluid disperser 10 has a second wall portion 14 provided on the first surface 12a and having an inner surface 14a intersecting a straight line LN extending from the central region of the first surface 12a toward the outer edge portion.

第１壁部１２ｄに向けて流入してきた流体は、第１表面１２ａに沿って放射状に流れるが、放射状に流れる流体は、一旦、第２壁部１４の内面１４ａに衝突することになる。これにより、流体分散器１０は、通過する流体を、第２壁部１４よりも内側にある孔１２ｃを流通するものと、第２壁部１４よりも外側にある孔１２ｃを流通するものとに分けて分散させることができる。これに対して、上記例示したように、第２壁部１４が存在しない場合には、板体１２の主に外縁部から流体を分散させることになり、板体１２の表面全体からバランスよく分散させることが難しい。したがって、本実施形態に係る流体分散器１０によれば、流体の分散性を向上させることができると言える。 The fluid flowing toward the first wall portion 12d flows radially along the first surface 12a, but the fluid flowing radially once collides with the inner surface 14a of the second wall portion 14. As a result, the fluid disperser 10 circulates the passing fluid through the hole 12c inside the second wall portion 14 and the hole 12c outside the second wall portion 14. It can be divided and dispersed. On the other hand, as illustrated above, when the second wall portion 14 does not exist, the fluid is dispersed mainly from the outer edge portion of the plate body 12, and the fluid is dispersed from the entire surface of the plate body 12 in a well-balanced manner. Difficult to get. Therefore, according to the fluid disperser 10 according to the present embodiment, it can be said that the dispersibility of the fluid can be improved.

また、本実施形態に係る流体分散器１０では、第１表面１２ａに対して平行に切った第２壁部１４の断面形状は、第１表面１２ａの中心領域を中心基準とした環状である。 Further, in the fluid disperser 10 according to the present embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the second wall portion 14 cut in parallel with the first surface 12a is an annular shape with the central region of the first surface 12a as a central reference.

本実施形態に係る流体分散器１０によれば、第１に、第２壁部１４の断面形状が環状であるので、第１壁部１２ｄに衝突した後に第１表面１２ａに沿って流れる流体を、第２壁部１４の内面１４ａに確実に衝突させることができる。第２に、第２壁部１４を設置するときの基準を第１表面１２ａの中心領域に合わせるので、第１壁部１２ｄに衝突して第１表面１２ａに沿って放射状に流れる流体は、放射方向のいずれの方向について、ほぼ同じタイミングで第２壁部１４の内面１４ａに衝突する。したがって、流体分散器１０により分散される流体は、放射方向のいずれの方向においても同等の流れとなるので、流体の分散性のバランスを向上させることができる。第３に、第２壁部１４の断面形状を環状とすることで、第２壁部１４の製作が容易となる。 According to the fluid disperser 10 according to the present embodiment, first, since the cross-sectional shape of the second wall portion 14 is annular, the fluid flowing along the first surface 12a after colliding with the first wall portion 12d is allowed to flow. , Can be reliably collided with the inner surface 14a of the second wall portion 14. Secondly, since the reference when installing the second wall portion 14 is aligned with the central region of the first surface portion 12a, the fluid that collides with the first wall portion 12d and flows radially along the first surface portion 12a radiates. It collides with the inner surface 14a of the second wall portion 14 at substantially the same timing in any of the directions. Therefore, the fluid dispersed by the fluid disperser 10 has the same flow in any of the radial directions, so that the balance of the dispersibility of the fluid can be improved. Thirdly, by making the cross-sectional shape of the second wall portion 14 annular, it becomes easy to manufacture the second wall portion 14.

また、本実施形態に係る流体分散器１０では、第２壁部１４の高さＬ１は、板体１２に設けられている孔１２ｃの開口径ｄ０よりも小さい。 Further, the fluid distribution device 10 according to the present embodiment, the height L 1 of the second wall portion 14 is smaller than the opening diameter d 0 of the hole 12c provided in the plate member 12.

本実施形態に係る流体分散器１０によれば、第１に、第１壁部１２ｄに衝突した後に第１表面１２ａに沿って流れる流体の流れ方向を、第２壁部１４の内面１４ａで確実に方向転換させることができる。第２に、第２壁部１４の高さＬ１を孔１２ｃの開口径ｄ０よりも小さく抑えることで、のちに流体が第２壁部１４を越えて第２壁部１４の外側に流れようとしたときに、その流体の流れを阻害することを抑えることができる。特に、これらの効果をより好適に奏するためには、第２壁部１４の高さＬ１は、（０．４×開口径ｄ０）よりも大きく、かつ、開口径ｄ０よりも小さいことが望ましい。 According to the fluid disperser 10 according to the present embodiment, first, the flow direction of the fluid flowing along the first surface 12a after colliding with the first wall portion 12d is ensured on the inner surface 14a of the second wall portion 14. Can be turned to. Second, by keeping the height L 1 of the second wall portion 14 smaller than the opening diameter d 0 of the hole 12c, the fluid later flows beyond the second wall portion 14 to the outside of the second wall portion 14. When trying, it is possible to suppress obstruction of the flow of the fluid. In particular, in order to more preferably exert these effects, the height L 1 of the second wall portion 14 should be larger than (0.4 × opening diameter d 0 ) and smaller than the opening diameter d 0. Is desirable.

また、本実施形態に係る流体分散器１０は、第１表面１２ａとは反対側となる板体１２の第２表面１２ｂに設けられ、第２表面１２ｂの中心領域から外縁部に向けて延びる直線ＬＮに交差する内面１６ａを有する第３壁部１６を有する。 Further, the fluid disperser 10 according to the present embodiment is provided on the second surface 12b of the plate body 12 opposite to the first surface 12a, and is a straight line extending from the central region of the second surface 12b toward the outer edge portion. It has a third wall portion 16 having an inner surface 16a that intersects the LN.

本実施形態に係る流体分散器１０によれば、第３壁部１６は、孔１２ｃを通過して第２表面１２ｂ側から放出される流体の旋回を抑止して、その流体の流れ方向を、下流側の所定の方向に向かうように整流することができる。 According to the fluid disperser 10 according to the present embodiment, the third wall portion 16 suppresses the swirling of the fluid discharged from the second surface 12b side through the hole 12c, and causes the flow direction of the fluid. It can be rectified so as to go in a predetermined direction on the downstream side.

また、本実施形態に係る流体分散器１０では、第３壁部１６の高さＬ２は、第２壁部１４の高さＬ１よりも高い。 Further, in the fluid disperser 10 according to the present embodiment, the height L 2 of the third wall portion 16 is higher than the height L 1 of the second wall portion 14.

本実施形態に係る流体分散器１０によれば、第３壁部１６は、孔１２ｃを通過して第２表面１２ｂ側から放出される流体の旋回の抑止と、その流体の整流とを、より確実に、又は、より精度よく行うことができる。特に、この効果をより好適に奏するためには、第３壁部１６の高さＬ２は、孔１２ｃの（３×開口径ｄ０）よりも大きく、かつ、（５×開口径ｄ０）よりも小さいことが望ましい。なお、この高さ範囲は、第４壁部１８についても同様である。また、図４に示す例では、第３壁部１６の高さと第４壁部１８の高さとを同一のＬ２としているが、互いに差があってもよい。 According to the fluid disperser 10 according to the present embodiment, the third wall portion 16 suppresses the swirling of the fluid discharged from the second surface 12b side through the hole 12c and rectifies the fluid. It can be done reliably or more accurately. In particular, in order to more preferably exert this effect, the height L 2 of the third wall portion 16 is larger than (3 × opening diameter d 0 ) of the hole 12c and (5 × opening diameter d 0 ). It is desirable that it is smaller than. The height range is the same for the fourth wall portion 18. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 4, the height of the third wall portion 16 and the height of the fourth wall portion 18 are the same L 2 , but they may be different from each other.

また、本実施形態に係る流体分散器１０では、第３壁部１６の内径ｄ２は、第２壁部１４の内径ｄ１と同一、又は、第２壁部１４の内径ｄ１よりも大きい。 Further, in the fluid disperser 10 according to the present embodiment, the inner diameter d 2 of the third wall portion 16 is the same as the inner diameter d 1 of the second wall portion 14, or is larger than the inner diameter d 1 of the second wall portion 14. ..

本実施形態に係る流体分散器１０によれば、第３壁部１６は、特に、第２壁部１４よりも内側の領域にある孔１２ｃを通過した流体の整流を行うことができるので、流体分散器１０の全体としての整流効率が向上する。 According to the fluid disperser 10 according to the present embodiment, the third wall portion 16 can rectify the fluid that has passed through the hole 12c in the region inside the second wall portion 14, so that the fluid can be rectified. The rectification efficiency of the disperser 10 as a whole is improved.

また、本実施形態に係る流体分散器１０では、第２表面１２ｂに設けられ、第２表面１２ｂの中心領域から外縁部に向けて延びる直線ＬＮに交差する内面１８ａを有する第４壁部１８を有する。そして、第４壁部１８の外径は、第２壁部１４及び第３壁部１６のいずれの内径よりも小さい。 Further, in the fluid disperser 10 according to the present embodiment, the fourth wall portion 18 provided on the second surface 12b and having an inner surface 18a intersecting a straight line LN extending from the central region of the second surface 12b toward the outer edge portion is provided. Have. The outer diameter of the fourth wall portion 18 is smaller than the inner diameter of either the second wall portion 14 or the third wall portion 16.

本実施形態に係る流体分散器１０によれば、流体分散器１０は、第２表面１２ｂに、第３壁部１６に限らず、第４壁部１８のような複数の同様の壁部を設置することで、孔１２ｃを通過した流体の整流を、より確実に、又は、より精度よく行うことができる。特に、第４壁部１８の外径は、第２壁部１４及び第３壁部１６のいずれの内径よりも小さく設定しておくことが望ましい。これにより、第２空間Ｓ２へ流入した反応流体Ｒ５（図１参照）の流れのうち、外周側へ移動しようとする流れは、第３壁部１６の内面１６ａに沿って整流され、一方、内周側へ移動しようとする流れは、第４壁部１８の外面１８ｂに沿って整流される。したがって、反応流体Ｒ５は、おおよそ直線状に多孔板１５０に向かって流れることになり、多孔板１５０での整流がより効率的に行われやすくなる。 According to the fluid disperser 10 according to the present embodiment, the fluid disperser 10 is not limited to the third wall portion 16 but has a plurality of similar wall portions such as the fourth wall portion 18 installed on the second surface 12b. By doing so, the rectification of the fluid that has passed through the hole 12c can be performed more reliably or more accurately. In particular, it is desirable that the outer diameter of the fourth wall portion 18 is set smaller than the inner diameter of either the second wall portion 14 or the third wall portion 16. As a result, of the flow of the reaction fluid R5 (see FIG. 1) that has flowed into the second space S2, the flow that tends to move to the outer peripheral side is rectified along the inner surface 16a of the third wall portion 16, while the inner side. The flow that tends to move to the circumferential side is rectified along the outer surface 18b of the fourth wall portion 18. Therefore, the reaction fluid R5 flows substantially linearly toward the perforated plate 150, and rectification on the perforated plate 150 becomes easier to be performed more efficiently.

また、本実施形態に係る流体分散装置１２０は、下流側の流路径が上流側の流路径よりも大きくなる内曲面１４０ｃを有する筒状部１４０と、筒状部１４０に設置され、流路内に流体を流入させる開口部１４０ａと、流路内に設置される流体分散器１０とを有する。流体分散器１０の第１壁部１２ｄは、開口部１４０ａの開口に対向する。また、流体分散器１０の第２壁部１４は、内曲面１４０ｃに向けて突出する。 Further, the fluid dispersion device 120 according to the present embodiment is installed in a tubular portion 140 having an inner curved surface 140c in which the flow path diameter on the downstream side is larger than the flow path diameter on the upstream side, and in the flow path. It has an opening 140a for flowing a fluid into the flow path and a fluid disperser 10 installed in the flow path. The first wall portion 12d of the fluid disperser 10 faces the opening of the opening 140a. Further, the second wall portion 14 of the fluid disperser 10 projects toward the inner curved surface 140c.

本実施形態に係る流体分散装置１２０によれば、流体の分散性を向上させることができる流体分散器１０を用いるので、流体分散装置１２０から排出される流体の流速分布の均一化や分散バランスの向上に寄与し得る。特に、第１壁部１２ｄが開口部１４０ａの開口に対向し、また、第２壁部１４が内曲面１４０ｃに向けて突出するように、筒状部１４０の流路内に流体分散器１０を設置することで、より効率よく上記の効果を奏し得る。 According to the fluid disperser 120 according to the present embodiment, since the fluid disperser 10 capable of improving the dispersibility of the fluid is used, the flow velocity distribution and the dispersion balance of the fluid discharged from the fluid disperser 120 can be made uniform and dispersed. Can contribute to improvement. In particular, the fluid disperser 10 is placed in the flow path of the tubular portion 140 so that the first wall portion 12d faces the opening of the opening 140a and the second wall portion 14 projects toward the inner curved surface 140c. By installing it, the above effect can be achieved more efficiently.

また、本実施形態に係る流体分散装置１２０は、上流側から下流側へ流体を流通可能とする複数の孔１５０ａを有する多孔板１５０を有する。また、多孔板１５０は、流路内において、流体分散器１０の板体１２と平行に、かつ、流体分散器１０よりも下流側に設置される。 Further, the fluid dispersion device 120 according to the present embodiment has a perforated plate 150 having a plurality of holes 150a that allow fluid to flow from the upstream side to the downstream side. Further, the perforated plate 150 is installed in the flow path in parallel with the plate body 12 of the fluid disperser 10 and on the downstream side of the fluid disperser 10.

本実施形態に係る流体分散装置１２０によれば、流体分散器１０に加えて、その下流側に多孔板１５０を設置するので、流体分散装置１２０から排出される流体の流速分布の均一化や分散バランスの向上を、より効果的に実現させることができる。 According to the fluid disperser 120 according to the present embodiment, since the perforated plate 150 is installed on the downstream side of the fluid disperser 10 in addition to the fluid disperser 10, the flow velocity distribution of the fluid discharged from the fluid disperser 120 is made uniform and dispersed. The improvement of balance can be realized more effectively.

なお、上記説明では、第２壁部１４の断面形状が環状、より具体的には円環状であるものとしたが、本発明は、これに限定するものではない。例えば、図５に示すように、第２壁部１４に相当する第５壁部２０の断面形状を、円環状ではなく、直線状の内面２０ａをいくつか組み合わせて環状とした多角形状としてもよい。この場合も、第５壁部２０は、第１表面１２ａの中心領域から外縁部に向けて延びる直線ＬＮに交点Ｐ４で交差する内面２０ａを有することになるので、流体分散器１０は、上記効果を奏し得る。 In the above description, the cross-sectional shape of the second wall portion 14 is annular, more specifically, annular, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the cross-sectional shape of the fifth wall portion 20 corresponding to the second wall portion 14 may be a polygonal shape formed by combining several linear inner surfaces 20a instead of an annular shape. .. Again, the fifth wall portion 20, it means having an inner surface 20a that intersect at the intersection point P 4 on the straight line LN extending toward the outer edge from the central region of the first surface 12a, the fluid distributor 10, the Can be effective.

また、第２壁部１４の断面形状を説明するに際して、環状と表現したが、これは、必ずしも完全な環状のみを意図したものではない。例えば、上記説明した効果を奏するものであれば、第２壁部１４は、所々が分断されているものの連続と見なせる環状であってもよい。 Further, in explaining the cross-sectional shape of the second wall portion 14, it is expressed as an annular shape, but this is not necessarily intended to be a perfect annular shape. For example, the second wall portion 14 may be an annular shape that can be regarded as a continuum of the parts that are divided in some places, as long as the effects described above are exhibited.

以上、本発明の好ましい実施形態について説明したが、本発明は、これらの実施形態に限定されず、その要旨の範囲内で種々の変形及び変更が可能である。 Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various modifications and modifications can be made within the scope of the gist thereof.

１０ 流体分散器
１２ 板体
１２ａ 第１表面
１２ｂ 第２表面
１２ｃ 孔
１２ｄ 第１壁部
１４ 第２壁部
１４ａ 第２壁部の内面
１６ 第３壁部
１６ａ 第３壁部の内面
１８ 第４壁部
１８ａ 第４壁部の内面
１２０ 流体分散装置
１４０ 筒状部
１５０ 多孔板
ＬＮ 直線 10 Fluid disperser 12 Plate 12a 1st surface 12b 2nd surface 12c Hole 12d 1st wall 14 2nd wall 14a 2nd wall inner surface 16 3rd wall 16a 3rd wall inner surface 18 4th wall Part 18a Inner surface of the 4th wall part 120 Fluid disperser 140 Cylindrical part 150 Perforated plate LN Straight line

Claims (10)

流路内に設置され、上流側に面する第１表面の中心領域に当該中心領域を一方の主平面として含む第１壁部を有し、前記第１壁部の周囲に上流側から下流側へ流体を流通可能とする複数の孔を有する板体と、
前記第１表面から一端が突出するように設けられ、前記第１表面の前記中心領域から外縁部に向けて延びる直線に交差する内面を有する第２壁部と、
を有する流体分散器。 A first wall portion installed in the flow path and including the central region as one main plane is provided in the central region of the first surface facing the upstream side, and the upstream side to the downstream side around the first wall portion. A plate body with multiple holes that allows fluid to flow to
A second wall portion provided so as to project one end from the first surface and having an inner surface intersecting a straight line extending from the central region of the first surface toward the outer edge portion.
A fluid disperser with. 前記第１表面に対して平行に切った前記第２壁部の断面形状は、前記第１表面の前記中心領域を中心基準とした環状である請求項１に記載の流体分散器。 The fluid disperser according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the second wall portion cut in parallel with the first surface is an annular shape with the central region of the first surface as a central reference. 前記第２壁部の高さは、前記板体に設けられている前記孔の開口径よりも小さい請求項１又は２に記載の流体分散器。 The fluid disperser according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the height of the second wall portion is smaller than the opening diameter of the hole provided in the plate body. 前記第１表面とは反対側となる前記板体の第２表面に設けられ、前記第２表面の中心領域から外縁部に向けて延びる直線に交差する内面を有する第３壁部を有する請求項１乃至３のいずれか１項に記載の流体分散器。 Claimed to have a third wall portion provided on the second surface of the plate body opposite to the first surface and having an inner surface intersecting a straight line extending from the central region of the second surface toward the outer edge portion. The fluid disperser according to any one of 1 to 3. 前記第２表面に対して平行に切った前記第３壁部の断面形状は、前記第２表面の前記中心領域を中心基準とした環状である請求項４に記載の流体分散器。 The fluid disperser according to claim 4, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the third wall portion cut parallel to the second surface is an annular shape with the central region of the second surface as a central reference. 前記第３壁部の高さは、前記第２壁部の高さよりも高い請求項４又は５に記載の流体分散器。 The fluid disperser according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the height of the third wall portion is higher than the height of the second wall portion. 前記第３壁部の内径は、前記第２壁部の内径と同一、又は、前記第２壁部の内径よりも大きい請求項４乃至６のいずれか１項に記載の流体分散器。 The fluid disperser according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the inner diameter of the third wall portion is the same as the inner diameter of the second wall portion or larger than the inner diameter of the second wall portion. 前記第２表面に設けられ、前記第２表面の中心領域から外縁部に向けて延びる直線に交差する内面を有する第４壁部を有し、
前記第４壁部の外径は、前記第２壁部及び前記第３壁部のいずれの内径よりも小さい、請求項４乃至７のいずれか１項に記載の流体分散器。 It has a fourth wall portion provided on the second surface and having an inner surface that intersects a straight line extending from the central region of the second surface toward the outer edge portion.
The fluid disperser according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the outer diameter of the fourth wall portion is smaller than the inner diameter of any of the second wall portion and the third wall portion. 下流側の流路径が上流側の流路径よりも大きくなる内曲面を有する筒状部と、
前記筒状部に設置され、前記流路内に前記流体を流入させる開口部と、
前記流路内に設置される請求項１乃至８のいずれか１項に記載の流体分散器と、
を有し、
前記流体分散器の前記第１壁部は、前記開口部の開口に対向し、
前記流体分散器の前記第２壁部は、前記内曲面に向けて突出する、
流体分散装置。 A cylindrical portion having an inner curved surface in which the flow path diameter on the downstream side is larger than the flow path diameter on the upstream side,
An opening installed in the cylindrical portion and allowing the fluid to flow into the flow path,
The fluid disperser according to any one of claims 1 to 8 installed in the flow path, and the fluid disperser.
Have,
The first wall portion of the fluid disperser faces the opening of the opening.
The second wall portion of the fluid disperser projects toward the inner curved surface.
Fluid disperser. 上流側から下流側へ前記流体を流通可能とする複数の孔を有する多孔板を有し、
前記多孔板は、前記流路内において、前記流体分散器の前記板体と平行に、かつ、前記流体分散器よりも下流側に設置される、
請求項９に記載の流体分散装置。 It has a perforated plate with a plurality of holes that allow the fluid to flow from the upstream side to the downstream side.
The perforated plate is installed in the flow path in parallel with the plate body of the fluid disperser and on the downstream side of the fluid disperser.
The fluid disperser according to claim 9.
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