JP7483702B2 - 分散型光ファイバセンシングのための方法及びシステム - Google Patents
分散型光ファイバセンシングのための方法及びシステム Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/22—Transmitting seismic signals to recording or processing apparatus
- G01V1/226—Optoseismic systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35338—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using other arrangements than interferometer arrangements
- G01D5/35354—Sensor working in reflection
- G01D5/35358—Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35338—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using other arrangements than interferometer arrangements
- G01D5/35354—Sensor working in reflection
- G01D5/35358—Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity
- G01D5/35361—Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity using elastic backscattering to detect the measured quantity, e.g. using Rayleigh backscattering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35383—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using multiple sensor devices using multiplexing techniques
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
- G01L1/246—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre using integrated gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Optical Transform (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Description
に基づいて計算された理論上の最大ファイバポートを示しており、250Hzで3dBのヘッドルームの場合は1に等しい。F列は、システム内の光受信機の数を示しており、即ち、表1では2個、表2では4個、表3では6個、及び表4では16個となる。G列は、理論上の最大ファイバポート(E)とD列のSNRヘッドルームとを比較したときの、光受信機あたりのファイバポート数の最悪のケースをまとめたものである。したがって、H列に記載されるように、システム(即ち、センシングノード)によってサポートされるポート数は、光受信機あたりの最大の多重化比率(Mux ratio)とシステム内の光受信機の数との丸められた積、即ち、
の関数として計算される。したがって、システムで光伝送されるファイバの全長は、各ファイバの長さ(A)とシステム内のファイバポートの総数(H)との積、即ち、
の関数として計算される。
Claims (18)
- 地理的領域に分散された複数の光ファイバを含む光ファイバネットワーク上で分散型光ファイバセンシングを行うシステムであって、
前記光ファイバネットワークを介して光信号の列を繰り返し送信するための少なくとも1つの光信号送信機を備えた光信号送信装置と、
前記複数の光ファイバからの後方散乱光信号を受信するための少なくとも1つの対応する光信号受信機を含む光信号受信装置と、
前記後方散乱光信号からデータを復調し、前記データを処理して、前記光ファイバネットワーク内の光ファイバに局所的な歪み変化を誘起する前記後方散乱光信号内の重量誘起圧縮波を識別し、識別された前記重量誘起圧縮波に基づいて前記光ファイバに沿って固定位置を通過する物体の存在を検出する、プロセッサと、
を含み、
前記重量誘起圧縮波は、0~2Hzの周波数範囲にある、
システム。 - 対応する光ファイバポートを介して前記複数の光ファイバに前記列内の光信号を順次分配するための光スイッチ装置をさらに備える、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記光スイッチ装置が、複数の光ファイバポートを予め定めたスイッチング比率又は多重化比率で提供するための少なくとも1つの光スイッチを含む、請求項2に記載のシステム。
- 前記光信号受信装置が、複数の光信号受信機を備え、前記複数の光信号受信機は、対応する前記光ファイバから前記後方散乱光信号を受信するように構成される、請求項2又は請求項3に記載のシステム。
- 前記複数の光ファイバのうちの少なくとも1つは、対応する光ファイバポートを介して複数の分岐光ファイバに信号列内の光信号を順次分配するための追加の光スイッチ装置を含む、幹線用光ファイバである、請求項4に記載のシステム。
- 前記複数の光ファイバが幹線用光ファイバであり、前記複数の光ファイバの各々が、対応する光ファイバポートを介して複数の分岐光ファイバに信号列内の光信号を順次分配するための追加の光スイッチ装置を含む、請求項5に記載のシステム。
- 前記光信号受信機が、前記分岐光ファイバを介して前記幹線用光ファイバから前記後方散乱光信号を受信するように構成される、請求項6に記載のシステム。
- 複数の光ファイバポートの予め定めた多重化比率又はスイッチング比率は、4、6、8、及び16を含む群から選択される、請求項1から請求項7までのいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 少なくとも1つの前記光信号受信機の帯域幅又は音響周波数範囲が、0Hz~20Hz、0Hz~30Hz、0Hz~80Hz、0Hz~100Hz、0Hz~250Hz、及び0Hz~1250Hzのうちの少なくとも1つの周波数範囲から選択される後方散乱光信号を検知するように構成される、請求項1から請求項8までのいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 前記後方散乱光信号は、高周波数の音響外乱に由来する高周波数の音響信号を含み、
前記プロセッサが、前記後方散乱光信号からデータを復調し、前記データを処理して、前記重量誘起圧縮波と併せて、前記高周波数の音響外乱の少なくとも一部を識別するように構成される、請求項1から請求項9までのいずれか1項に記載のシステム。 - 前記高周波数の音響外乱は2Hzより大きい、請求項10に記載のシステム。
- 前記高周波数の音響外乱は、2Hz~1250Hz、2Hz~100Hz、2Hz~80Hz、10Hz~1250Hz、10Hz~100Hz、10Hz~80Hz、20Hz~80Hz、及び40Hz~80Hzのうちの少なくとも1つに対応する、請求項11に記載のシステム。
- 前記重量誘起圧縮波と高周波数の音響信号とを相関させて、低周波数及び高周波数の両方の外乱の発生源である物体に関する追加データを抽出する、請求項10から請求項12までのいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 地理的領域に分散された複数の光ファイバを含む光ファイバネットワーク上で分散型光ファイバセンシングを行う方法であって、
少なくとも1つの光信号送信機を用いて、光信号の列を前記光ファイバネットワークを介して繰り返し送信することと、
少なくとも1つの対応する光信号受信機を用いて、前記複数の光ファイバからの後方散乱光信号を受信することと、
前記後方散乱光信号からデータを復調し、前記データを処理して、前記光ファイバネットワーク内の光ファイバに局所的な歪み変化を誘起する前記後方散乱光信号内の重量誘起圧縮波を識別し、識別された前記重量誘起圧縮波に基づいて前記光ファイバに沿って固定位置を通過する物体の存在を検出することと、を含み、
前記重量誘起圧縮波は、0~2Hzの周波数範囲にある、
を含む方法。 - 対応する光ファイバポートを介して前記複数の光ファイバに前記列内の光信号を順次分配することをさらに含む、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1つの前記光信号受信機の帯域幅又は音響周波数範囲が、0Hz~20Hz、0Hz~30Hz、0Hz~80Hz、0Hz~100Hz、0Hz~250Hz、及び0Hz~1250Hzのうちの少なくとも1つの周波数範囲から選択される後方散乱光信号を検知するように構成される、請求項14又は請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記後方散乱光信号は、2Hzを超える高周波数の音響外乱に由来する高周波数の音響信号を含み、
前記方法が、前記後方散乱光信号からデータを復調し、前記データを処理して、前記重量誘起圧縮波と併せて、前記高周波数の音響外乱の少なくとも一部を識別することを含む、
請求項14から請求項16までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記重量誘起圧縮波と前記高周波数の音響信号とを相関させて、低周波数及び高周波数の両方の外乱の発生源である物体に関する追加データを抽出する、請求項17に記載の方法。
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| AU2018904319 | 2018-11-13 | ||
| AU2018904319A AU2018904319A0 (en) | 2018-11-13 | Method and system for distributed fibre optic sensing | |
| PCT/AU2019/051249 WO2020097682A1 (en) | 2018-11-13 | 2019-11-13 | Method and system for distributed fibre optic sensing |
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| US12345554B2 (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2025-07-01 | Nec Corporation | Fiber identification without cut point using distributed fiber optic sensing |
| EP4273509B1 (en) * | 2022-05-02 | 2025-01-29 | Omnisens S.A. | Device and method for distributed sensing, preferably in a star network |
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| WO2024187219A1 (en) * | 2023-03-10 | 2024-09-19 | Fiber Sense Limited | A fibre optic cable monitoring method and system |
| ZA202305064B (en) * | 2023-05-08 | 2025-02-26 | Spiderweb Labs Pty Ltd | Distributed acoustic sensor arrangement and distributed acoustic sensor system, intrusion detection system and method for intrusion detection |
| WO2025017891A1 (ja) * | 2023-07-20 | 2025-01-23 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 光ファイバセンシング方法 |
| WO2025094281A1 (ja) * | 2023-10-31 | 2025-05-08 | 中国電力株式会社 | 設備監視システム、及び設備監視方法 |
| US20250148902A1 (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2025-05-08 | Nec Laboratories America, Inc. | Integrated security system for substation monitoring and detection using distributed acoustic sensing, drones, and security cameras |
| WO2025109652A1 (ja) * | 2023-11-20 | 2025-05-30 | 中国電力株式会社 | 設備監視システム、及び設備監視方法 |
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