JPH04275852A - processing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a machining device capable of machining accurately, which is excellent in working performance, because the projection amount of the saddle cover from the end of a saddle, which moves together with a table covering the saddle, is small and, whose load when the table is moved is small. CONSTITUTION:A flexible plate-like body 101 is fixed to one end of the table 5 movably supported on a saddle 3 at one end, and the top of the saddle 3 is covered by this plate-like body 101, and the other end of the plate-like body 101 is made to hung from one end of the saddle 3.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a processing apparatus in which an exposed portion of a saddle that movably supports a table or an exposed portion of a bed that movably supports a saddle is covered with a cover.

0002

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a conventional machining apparatus, such as a wire electric discharge machining apparatus. In the figure, 1 is a bed, 2 is a rail supported by the bed 1, 3 is a saddle that can be moved on the rail 2 in the X-axis direction, which is the horizontal direction of the page, and 4 is a seat that is movable on the saddle 3 in the direction perpendicular to the page. Some Y
A rail provided in the axial direction, 5 a table movable in the Y-axis direction on the rail 4, 6 a nut held on the bottom of the table 5 and having a threaded hole in the Y-axis direction, 7 a threaded hole in the nut 6 8 is a surface plate supported on the table 5; 9 is a workpiece fixedly supported on the surface plate 8; 10 is a bed 1; A column 11 is supported by the column 10, a lower arm 11 has one end supported by the column 10, and an upper arm 12 has one end supported by the column 10 and the other end bent downward to form an L-shape. 13 is an upper nozzle supported at the other end of the upper arm 12 so as to be movable in the vertical direction of the paper; 14;
is a lower nozzle supported at the other end of the lower arm 11. Note that the upper nozzle 13 and the lower nozzle 14 are arranged to face each other, and the workpiece 9 is arranged between the upper nozzle 13 and the lower nozzle 14.
The machining liquid is ejected from 4 toward the workpiece 9 . 13a
14a is an upper wire guide provided in the upper nozzle 13;
1 is a lower wire guide provided on the lower nozzle 14, 15 is a wire electrode, and 16 is a bobbin provided on the upper arm 12. The wire electrode 15 is wound around this bobbin 16. 17 is a pair of upper rollers provided on the upper arm 12; 18 is a pulley provided on the bent portion of the L-shaped upper arm 12; 19 is a lower roller provided on the other end of the lower arm 11; A pair of lower rollers 21 provided at one end of the lower arm 11 is a wire electrode collection box for collecting the wire electrodes 15. Prior to processing, the wire electrode 15 is moved from the bobbin 16 to the upper roller 17, pulley 18,
The wire is stretched so as to reach the wire electrode collection box 21 via the upper wire guide 13a, the machining start hole 9a provided in the workpiece 9, the lower wire guide 14a, the pulley 19, and the lower roller 20. Note that the upper roller 17 narrows the wire electrode 15 between them and applies a brake to the wire electrode 15 fed out from the bobbin 16, and the lower roller 20 rotates to tighten the wire electrode 15 narrowed between the lower rollers 20 into a wire. The electrodes are moved so that they are collected in the electrode collection box 21.

Reference numeral 22 denotes a saddle cover supported by the table 5. This saddle cover 22 has a size that prevents it from touching the saddle 3 over the entire movable range of the table 5 relative to the saddle 3. This saddle cover 22 prevents dust, dirt, or liquid such as machining fluid from adhering to the drive parts that drive the table 5, such as the rail 4 and the ball screw shaft 7, thereby preventing the drive parts from deteriorating or rusting. This is provided to prevent the worker from dropping tools and damaging the rail 4 etc. while attaching or removing the workpiece 9 to the surface plate 8. be.

[0004] Note that if the driving parts such as the rails 4 are damaged or deteriorated, the machining accuracy will deteriorate, so in general, not only wire electric discharge machining equipment but also machining equipment having an XY table structure, the saddle 3 is Some kind of cover is provided.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the structure of the saddle 3 and table 5, with the saddle cover 22 removed from FIG.

FIG. 13 is an enlarged perspective view of the bed 1, rail 2, saddle 3, rail 4, table 5, surface plate 8, and saddle cover 22 in FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a state in which the saddle cover 22 is removed in FIG. 13. FIG.

FIG. 15 also shows the saddle 3 in FIG.
16 is a diagram showing only the table 5, saddle cover 22, and surface plate 8, and FIG.
16 is a partial sectional view. Note that FIG. 16 shows the saddle 3 and table 5 when the table 5 moves relative to the saddle 3.
and the relative positions of the saddle cover 22 are illustrated. In FIG. 16, 5a and 22a respectively indicate the position of the table 5 and the position of the saddle cover 22 when the table 5 is fully moved to the left in the drawing, and 5b and 22a indicate the position of the table 5 and the position of the saddle cover 22, respectively.
b shows the positions of the table 5 and the saddle cover 22 when the table 5 is fully moved to the right in the drawing. In addition, in FIG. 13, the left and right direction of the page is Y.
This is the axial direction, and the direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper is the X-axis direction.

Next, the operation of the wire electrical discharge machining apparatus shown in FIG. 11 will be explained. First, the wire electrode 15 stretched as described above and the processing part of the workpiece 9 are brought close to each other with a predetermined distance apart via the processing liquid, and a voltage is applied between the wire electrode 15 and the workpiece 9. is applied to generate a discharge. When the machined part of the workpiece 9 is melted and removed by this electric discharge, the saddle 3 is moved in the X-axis direction and the table 5
is moved in the Y-axis direction, and the wire electrode 15 and a new machining portion of the workpiece 9 based on the machining shape of the workpiece 9 are again brought close to each other with a predetermined distance apart. Then, electrical discharge machining is performed by continuously repeating the above-described electrical discharge and relative movement of the saddle 3 and table 5.

[0009] The structure is such that the sludge generated by melting the workpiece 9 and the wire electrode 15 is dissipated by the machining liquid ejected from the upper nozzle 13 and the lower nozzle 14 without staying near the machining part. ing.

Now, when the table 5 is moved relative to the saddle 3 in the Y-axis direction, as shown in FIG. 16, although the saddle 3 is covered by the saddle cover 22, the table 5 is When moving to the saddle cover 22
is in a state of protruding from the end 3a of the saddle 3 to the right in the drawing. Note that the maximum length of the protruding portion of the saddle cover 22 is proportional to the movable distance of the table 5. The protruding portion of the saddle cover 22 becomes an obstacle, making it difficult for the operator to approach the workpiece 9, etc., and also increases the installation area of the electrical discharge machining apparatus.

[0011] In addition, as another conventional example, there is a saddle cover that is extendable and retractable. FIG. 17 is an enlarged perspective view of the saddle cover, table 5, and surface plate 8 in another conventional wire electric discharge machining apparatus. In the figure, 23 is a telescopic saddle cover. 18 is a partial cross-sectional view of the wire electrical discharge machining apparatus shown in FIG. 17, and this partial cross-sectional view is taken along line D16-D in FIG.
The cross section is similar to the No. 16 cross section.

In this conventional example, as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the saddle cover 23 includes partial covers 23a, 23b, 23c each having a plate body bent in a U-shape, and partial covers 23a, 23b, 23c having a plate body bent in a U-shape on both sides. It is composed of a partial cover 23d having a shape in which one of the openings is closed with a plate 23e. Further, the partial cover 23a is fixedly supported by the table 5, and the outside of the partial cover 23b is in contact with the inside of the partial cover 23a, and the partial cover 23b is supported by the partial cover 23a so as to be slidable in the Y-axis direction. In addition, a locking claw is provided between the partial cover 23a and the partial cover 23b to prevent the partial cover 23b from falling off from the partial cover 23a due to movement of the partial cover 23b in the Y-axis direction.
It is set in. Similarly, the partial cover 23c is supported by the partial cover 23b, and the partial cover 23d is supported by the partial cover 23c so that they can slide in the Y-axis direction, and each is provided with a locking claw to prevent them from falling off due to movement in the Y-axis direction. It is being In addition, the plate body 23e of the partial cover 23d
is fixed to one end 3a of the saddle 3 via a mounting bracket 24. Therefore, even if the table 5 moves in the Y-axis direction,
Since the saddle cover 23 expands and contracts, the saddle cover 23 does not protrude much beyond one end 3a of the saddle 3, and moreover, the saddle 3 is maintained in a state where the upper and side surfaces thereof are covered by the saddle cover 23.

[0013] In order to make the one end 5a of the table 5 movable to the position of the one end 3a of the saddle 3, the mounting bracket 2 is required.
One end 3a of the saddle 3 with a height of 4 and the partial cover 23d
The distance 26 between the plates 23e of at least the partial cover 23
It is necessary that the distance protruding from one end 5a of the table 5 of a is 25 or more in the Y-axis direction. Since a car rolling on the rail 4 is attached below the table 5, the distance 25 cannot be made smaller than a predetermined value. Therefore,
The partial cover 23a of the saddle cover 23 is attached to the table 5 so as to protrude from the saddle 3 by a distance 25.

Furthermore, in order to reduce the distance 25, the saddle cover 23 may be divided into more partial covers, but this will complicate the structure and increase manufacturing costs. Furthermore, it is necessary to divide the saddle cover 23 into a large number of partial covers in proportion to the movable distance of the table 5, and if the movable distance is large, the manufacturing cost increases. Furthermore, in any case, as the number of partial covers increases, the sliding resistance between the partial covers increases, the movement resistance of the table 5 increases, and the positional accuracy of the table 5 decreases.

[0015] Furthermore, as another conventional example, there is a saddle cover in the form of a rollable sheet. Figure 19 shows
FIG. 7 is an enlarged perspective view of a saddle 3, a saddle cover, a table 5, and a surface plate 8 in another conventional wire electric discharge machining apparatus. 20 is a partial sectional view of a conventional wire electrical discharge machining apparatus having the saddle cover shown in FIG. 19, and this partial sectional view is shown in FIG.
The cross section is similar to the 16-D16 cross section.

In FIGS. 19 and 20, 28 is a sheet-like saddle cover, and 29 is a winding drum for winding up the saddle cover 28. As shown in FIG. Note that this winding drum 29 is rotatably supported by a pair of support rods 30 implanted in one end 3a of the saddle 3. Reference numeral 31 denotes a pair of support rods 3 that are installed above one end 3a of the saddle 3 so that the saddle cover 28 is held parallel to the saddle 3.
This is a roller rotatably supported by 2. One end of the saddle cover 28 is fixed to the table 5, and the saddle cover 28 is guided by a roller 31 and wound around a winding drum 30. saddle cover 2
The winding force of the winding drum that winds up the saddle cover 28 uses the restoring force of the spring, and the saddle cover 28 is always given tension in the winding direction. In FIG. 20, table 5
When the table 5 moves to the right in the paper, the winding drum 2 winds up the saddle cover 28, and when the table 5 moves to the left in the paper against tension, the saddle cover 28 is unwound from the winding drum 29. .

In the conventional example shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, the table 5 is always pulled in the direction of the winding drum 29 by the winding force of the winding drum 29, which adversely affects the positional accuracy of the table 5. . In addition, this winding drum 2
Since the winding force 9 changes depending on the winding diameter of the winding drum 29, that is, the winding amount, the above-mentioned traction force changes depending on the position of the table 5, making it difficult to correct the positional accuracy. Furthermore, when the movable distance of the table 5 is large, the change in the winding diameter becomes large and it becomes necessary to use a winding spring with a larger restoring force, which further reduces the positional accuracy of the table 5. In addition, since the saddle cover 28 can be wound up by the winding drum 29, rubber, cloth, etc. are used as the material, so that the rails, etc. are sufficiently protected when the workpiece 9, tools, etc. fall. The problem is that it cannot be done.

[0018]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the conventional processing apparatus as described above, when the movable range of the table 5 is increased, the saddle cover 22, which has a simple structure and is inexpensive, is used as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16. However, there is a problem in that the maximum amount of protrusion of the saddle cover 22 from the saddle 3 increases, resulting in poor workability. Moreover, the structure having the saddle cover 23 shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 is complicated and expensive, and the movement resistance of the table 5 is large. As a result, there is a problem in that the positional accuracy of the table 5 decreases, making it impossible to perform high-precision machining. Furthermore, the saddle cover 2 shown in FIGS. 19 and 20
8 has a complicated structure and is expensive, and since the table 5 is pulled by a winding spring provided on the winding drum 29, the positional accuracy of the table 5 decreases.
There is a problem that high-precision machining cannot be performed.

The problem to be solved by this invention is that even when the movable distance of the table is increased, the maximum amount of protrusion of the saddle cover from the saddle is small, the workability is good, the structure is simple and inexpensive, and the table can be moved easily. The object of the present invention is to obtain a processing device that has high positional accuracy and is capable of high-precision processing.

[0020]

[Means for Solving the Problems] A processing device according to the present invention has one end fixed to a table so as to cover the upper surface of the saddle, and the other end hanging down from the end of the saddle, and moves over the saddle by moving the table. The device includes a flexible plate-like body whose other end is movable in the vertical direction.

[0021] Also, one end is fixed to the table so as to cover the upper surface of the saddle, and the other end is bent and fixed to the saddle after being moved over the saddle as the table moves. The plate-shaped body has the following characteristics.

[0022] Also, a weight is disposed on the curved portion of the plate-like body.

[0023]

[Operation] In the processing device configured as described above, a flexible plate-like body whose one end is fixed to the table so as to cover the upper surface of the saddle and whose other end hangs down from the end of the saddle moves as the table moves. Move on the saddle. In addition, one end is fixed to the table so as to cover the top surface of the saddle, and the other end is curved upward after hanging from the end of the saddle and is fixed to the saddle.A flexible plate-like body is fixed to the saddle as the table moves. move on. Moreover, a weight is disposed on the curved portion of the plate-like body, so that the plate-like body moves on the saddle as the table moves.

[0024]

[Example] Example 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a processing apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 to 21, 13a, 14a are
Since it is similar to that shown in FIG. 11 which shows a conventional example, the explanation will be omitted. 101 is a saddle cover. Moreover, FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the vicinity of this saddle cover 101. One end of the saddle cover 101 is fixed to the table 5, and the saddle 3
A part extending in the moving direction of the table 5 at one end of the saddle 3 hangs downward, and after hanging down a predetermined distance, curves upward, and the other end is fixed to the lower part of one end of the saddle 3. Reference numeral 102 denotes a cylindrical weight held at the upwardly curved portion of the saddle cover 101 after hanging down. The saddle cover 101 is given a predetermined tension by the weight 102 and is prevented from lifting up. Further, the weight 102 moves up and down while rotating as the table 5 moves. Reference numeral 103 denotes a side cover that covers a portion of the saddle cover 101 located around the upper surface of the saddle 3, a side surface of the saddle 3, a portion of the saddle cover 101 hanging down from one end of the saddle 3, and the weight 102.

FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view taken along line D3-D3 in FIG. 1 with side cover 103 removed. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 104 denotes a guide disposed above the saddle 3 in parallel with the rail 4, and the saddle cover 101
It slides on this guide 104 without coming into contact with it. Note that the portion of the guide 104 in contact with the saddle cover 101 is affixed with Teflon tape or the like or is finished with a smooth surface to reduce sliding resistance. Moreover, one end of this guide 104 is
An arcuate shape is formed on the end 3a of the saddle 3 to guide the saddle cover 101 downward.

FIG. 4 shows the saddle cover 101 placed on the table 5.
and the weight 102 shown removed from the saddle 3.
FIG. In FIG. 4, 102
a is the drum base of the weight 102, 102b is a drum stopper provided in the form of a flange at both ends of the drum base, and this drum stopper 102b prevents the weight 102 from moving on the saddle cover 101 and falling off. ing.

Note that even if the saddle cover 101 is made of, for example, flexible waterproof cloth or rubber, it can easily prevent dust and liquids such as machining fluid from falling onto the saddle 3. However, in order to protect the rails 4 etc. when an object of a predetermined weight falls onto the saddle cover 101, it is necessary to provide sufficient guides 104 and make the saddle cover 101 slightly less flexible. Needs consideration.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show an example of the saddle cover 10.
1 is a front view and a side view showing the detailed structure of FIG. In addition,
5 and 6 show a state in which one end of the saddle cover 101 is curved. In FIGS. 5 and 6, 10
1a is a base made of a flexible material such as waterproof cloth. 101b is a columnar body made of lightweight metal such as aluminum, and this columnar body 101b is fixed to the base 101a while being arranged on the base 101a. Therefore, the saddle cover 101 has poor flexibility in the longitudinal direction of the columnar bodies 101b, but has flexibility in the direction in which the columnar bodies 101b are lined up. Furthermore, when installing the saddle cover 101, the base 101a is placed downward, the table 5 is moved in the direction in which the columnar bodies 101b are lined up, and one end is fixed to the table 5. Therefore, the portion of the saddle cover 101 extending from the saddle 3 is easily bent and hangs down. Furthermore, when the saddle cover 101 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is used, the saddle cover 101 does not bend even if no tension is applied to the saddle cover 101, and objects falling onto the saddle cover 101 cause the saddle 3 to be The rails 4 provided on the rails 4 are not damaged.

Example 2. FIG. 7 shows a saddle cover 1 in another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of 01. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the electric discharge machining apparatus having the saddle cover 101 shown in FIG. 7, and this partial cross-sectional view is taken along the line D3-D3 in FIG. Note that FIG. 8 shows a state in which the side cover 104 is removed.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, this second embodiment is obtained by removing the weight 102 from the first embodiment of the present invention. In this case, by selecting a material with slightly less flexibility for the saddle cover 101, or by using a material having the structure shown in FIGS. It can prevent floating. Further, since there is no weight 102, the force applied to the table 5 is reduced, and the positional accuracy of the table 5 is improved.

Example 3. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of a saddle cover 101 in still another embodiment of the present invention. Further, FIG. 10 is a partial sectional view of the electric discharge machining apparatus having the saddle cover 101 shown in FIG.
The cross section is similar to the D3 cross section. In addition, Figure 10
, a state in which the side cover 104 is removed is shown.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, in this third embodiment, the other end of the saddle cover 101 is not fixed to the saddle 3 as in the second embodiment, but is left hanging from one end of the saddle 3. ing. Also in this third embodiment, by using the saddle cover 101 having the same material or flexibility as the saddle cover 101 used in the second embodiment, the saddle cover 101 does not bend or rise on the saddle 3. do not have. Further, this third embodiment is advantageous when the protrusion amount 110 of the saddle 3 from the bed 1 is small, or when the movable distance of the saddle 3 is small.
Since the force applied to the table 5 is also small, the positional accuracy of the table 5 is improved.

Example 4. In Examples 1 to 3, a saddle cover that covers the saddle 3 has been described, but a bed cover that covers the bed 1 may be provided. This bed cover is similar to the saddle cover except that one end is fixed to the saddle 3, moves on the bed 1, and hangs down from the end of the bed 1.

[0034]

Effects of the Invention The processing device according to the present invention is constructed as described above, and one end of the flexible plate-like body is fixed to the table and suspended from the end of the saddle. Since the table is moved over the saddle while covering it as the table moves, it is possible to reduce the installation area, improve workability such as installing workpieces, and improve positional accuracy. Therefore, high-precision processing is possible, and the structure is simple, so it can be manufactured at low cost.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an electrical discharge machining apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a saddle cover assembly part according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view showing the bed and saddle cover assembly part according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an exploded view showing the saddle cover assembly part according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing one example of a saddle cover used in Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3 of the present invention.

6 is a side view of the saddle cover shown in FIG. 5. FIG.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a saddle cover assembly part according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a bed and saddle cover assembly part according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a saddle cover assembly part according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a partial sectional view showing a bed and saddle cover assembly part according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a conventional electrical discharge machining apparatus.

FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram showing a table and saddle assembly part of a conventional electric discharge machining apparatus with a saddle cover removed.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a conventional bed and saddle cover assembly section.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the bed and saddle cover assembly shown in FIG. 13 with the saddle cover removed.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a saddle cover assembly part according to a conventional example.

FIG. 16 is a partial cross-sectional view of a conventional bed and saddle cover assembly.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a saddle cover assembly part according to another conventional example.

FIG. 18 is a partial sectional view of a bed and saddle cover assembly part according to another conventional example.

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a saddle cover assembly part according to still another conventional example.

FIG. 20 is a partial cross-sectional view of a bed and saddle cover assembly part according to still another conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

3 Saddle 5 Table 101 Saddle cover 102 Weight

Claims (3)

[Claims] Claim 1: One end is fixed to a table so as to cover the top surface of the saddle, the other end is suspended from the end of the saddle, and moves on the saddle as the table moves, and the other end moves in the vertical direction. A processing device equipped with a plate-shaped body that has flexibility. 2. One end is fixed to a table so as to cover the upper surface of the saddle, the saddle is moved by the movement of the table, and the other end hangs down from the end of the saddle, then curves and is fixed to the saddle. A processing device equipped with a plate-shaped body that has flexibility. 3. The processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a weight is disposed on the curved portion of the plate-like body.