JPH0497121A - Liquid crystal display element - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display elementInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0497121A JPH0497121A JP2210813A JP21081390A JPH0497121A JP H0497121 A JPH0497121 A JP H0497121A JP 2210813 A JP2210813 A JP 2210813A JP 21081390 A JP21081390 A JP 21081390A JP H0497121 A JPH0497121 A JP H0497121A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- display element
- crystal display
- crystal cell
- reflective
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims description 70
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005337 ground glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009291 secondary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は液晶表示素子に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element.
［従来の技術］
従来の反射型ＳＴＮモードは、バックライトが不要で消
費電力が小さいという特徴を有しており、携帯型の各種
情報機器に広く採用されてきた。[Prior Art] The conventional reflective STN mode has the characteristics of no need for a backlight and low power consumption, and has been widely adopted in various portable information devices.
第５図に、従来の反射型ＳＴＮモードを用いた液晶表示
素子の断面図を示す。従来の液晶表示素子は、液晶セル
１と、これを挟んで両側に配置した偏光板２と３、そし
て偏光板３の外側に設けられる反射板４とから成り立っ
ていた。FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a conventional reflective STN mode liquid crystal display element. A conventional liquid crystal display element consists of a liquid crystal cell 1, polarizing plates 2 and 3 placed on both sides of the liquid crystal cell 1, and a reflecting plate 4 provided outside the polarizing plate 3.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
しかしながら、従来の反射型ＳＴＮモードを用いた液晶
表示素子には、表示が暗く、着色も太きいという課題が
あった。また反射型モード特有の、表示が二重に見える
という課題もあった。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, conventional liquid crystal display elements using a reflective STN mode have had problems in that the display is dark and the coloration is too thick. There was also the problem of double visibility, which is unique to reflective mode.
第６図に、従来の反射型ＳＴＮ液晶表示素子の、電界オ
フ時とオン時の分光特性を示した。図中４１は電界オフ
時の、また４２は電界オン時の分光特性である。ここで
セル条件は、ツイスト角が２５５度、液晶の複屈折率△
ｎとセルギャップｄの積で表わされるリターデーション
△ｎＸｄの値が０．８５μｍ、偏光軸方向とラビング方
向とのなす角度が４５度である。ＳＴＮモードは、この
ようにオフ時に黄緑色、オン時に青色と、表示の着色が
著しい上、視感反射率も６５％と低く、視認性に劣って
いた。FIG. 6 shows the spectral characteristics of a conventional reflective STN liquid crystal display element when the electric field is off and on. In the figure, 41 is the spectral characteristic when the electric field is off, and 42 is the spectral characteristic when the electric field is on. Here, the cell conditions are that the twist angle is 255 degrees, and the birefringence of the liquid crystal is △.
The value of retardation ΔnXd expressed as the product of n and cell gap d is 0.85 μm, and the angle between the polarization axis direction and the rubbing direction is 45 degrees. In the STN mode, the display was yellow-green when off and blue when on, and the display was noticeably colored, and the luminous reflectance was as low as 65%, resulting in poor visibility.
本発明はこのような課題を解決するもので、その目的と
するところは、新しい反射型液晶モードを導入すること
によって、明るく、色付きが少なく、しかも表示が二重
に見えない液晶表示素子を提供することにある。The present invention is intended to solve these problems, and its purpose is to provide a liquid crystal display element that is bright, has little coloration, and does not display double images by introducing a new reflective liquid crystal mode. It's about doing.
［課題を解決するための手段］
本発明の液晶表示素子は、対向する２枚の基板間にツイ
スト配向した液晶を挟持してなる液晶セルと、偏光素子
と検光素子を兼ねた１枚の偏光板と、１枚の反射板とを
備えた液晶表示素子において、該液晶セルの液晶以外に
少なくとも１層の光学的異方体を備えていることを特徴
とする。[Means for Solving the Problems] The liquid crystal display element of the present invention comprises a liquid crystal cell formed by sandwiching twisted oriented liquid crystal between two opposing substrates, and a single sheet serving as a polarizing element and an analyzing element. A liquid crystal display element comprising a polarizing plate and one reflective plate is characterized in that it comprises at least one layer of optically anisotropic material in addition to the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal cell.
また、前記液晶セルの２枚の基板のうち、少なくとも一
方の基板の液晶側表面に、凹凸を有することを特徴とす
る。Further, the liquid crystal cell is characterized in that at least one of the two substrates of the liquid crystal cell has an uneven surface on the liquid crystal side.
また、前記反射板が、前記液晶セル基板の液晶側表面に
設けられていることを特徴とする。Moreover, the reflective plate is provided on the liquid crystal side surface of the liquid crystal cell substrate.
以下、実施例により本発明の詳細を示す。Hereinafter, the details of the present invention will be shown by examples.
［実施例］
（実施例１）
第１図は、本発明の液晶表示素子の断面図である。図中
、１は液晶セル、２は偏光板、４は反射板、５は光学的
異方体である。また、１１は上基板、 １２は下基板、
１３は透明電極、１５は液晶である。液晶は、メルク
社製のＺＬエニー５０６（Δｎ＝０．１４３８）を用い
、セルギャップ５゜６μｍの液晶セルにツイスト配向さ
せた。リターデーション値は０．８１μｍである。また
光学的異方体としては、ポリカーボネート樹脂の一軸延
伸フィルムを用いた。その△ｎは０．００３９、膜厚は
８０μｍで、リターデーション値が０． ３１μｍであ
る。[Example] (Example 1) FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal display element of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a liquid crystal cell, 2 is a polarizing plate, 4 is a reflecting plate, and 5 is an optically anisotropic body. Also, 11 is the upper substrate, 12 is the lower substrate,
13 is a transparent electrode, and 15 is a liquid crystal. As the liquid crystal, ZL Any 506 (Δn=0.1438) manufactured by Merck & Co., Ltd. was used, and the liquid crystal cell was twisted in a cell gap of 5° and 6 μm. The retardation value is 0.81 μm. Further, as the optically anisotropic body, a uniaxially stretched polycarbonate resin film was used. Its Δn is 0.0039, the film thickness is 80 μm, and the retardation value is 0. It is 31 μm.
第３図は、本発明の液晶表示素子の各軸の関係を、観察
方向く即ち第１図の上方向）から児た図である。２１は
偏光板の偏光軸方向、２２は光学的異方体として用いた
一軸延伸フィルムの延伸方向、２３は上基板のラビング
方向、２４は下基板のラビング方向である。また３１は
２１が２３となす角度で左４０度に、３２は２２が２３
となす角度で左２２度に、３３は液晶のツイスト角で左
２６０度にそれぞれ設定した。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the axes of the liquid crystal display element of the present invention viewed from the viewing direction (ie, from the top of FIG. 1). 21 is the polarization axis direction of the polarizing plate, 22 is the stretching direction of the uniaxially stretched film used as an optically anisotropic body, 23 is the rubbing direction of the upper substrate, and 24 is the rubbing direction of the lower substrate. Also, 31 is the angle that 21 makes with 23, 40 degrees to the left, and 32 is the angle that 22 makes with 23.
The twist angle of 33 was set to 22 degrees to the left, and the twist angle of the liquid crystal was set to 260 degrees to the left.
第４図は、以上の条件の下で作製した液晶表示素子の分
光特性を示す図である。図中４１は電界オフ時の、また
４２は電界オン時の分光特性である。オフ時の視感反射
率Ｙ ｏｆｆは８３％と高く、しかもその表示色は非常
に白に近い。またオン時の視感反射率も２． ０％と低
いため、最大取り得るコントラスト比は、１： ４２で
ある。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the spectral characteristics of a liquid crystal display element manufactured under the above conditions. In the figure, 41 is the spectral characteristic when the electric field is off, and 42 is the spectral characteristic when the electric field is on. The luminous reflectance Yoff when off is as high as 83%, and the displayed color is very close to white. Also, the luminous reflectance when turned on is 2. Since it is as low as 0%, the maximum possible contrast ratio is 1:42.
本実施例の液晶表示素子は、ツイスト角が２６０度と大
きく電圧透過率特性の急峻性が非常に良いため、１／４
８０デユーテイのマルチプレックス駆動を行っても、１
： ２０という高い表示コントラストが得られた。The liquid crystal display element of this example has a twist angle of 260 degrees and a very steep voltage transmittance characteristic, so
Even with 80 duty multiplex drive, 1
: A high display contrast of 20 was obtained.
（実施例２）
実施例２の液晶表示素子も実施例１と同様の構成である
。但し、第１図の液晶セル１には、メルク社製の液晶Ｚ
Ｌエニー４２８ （Δｎ＝０．１２２２）を用いた。セ
ルギャップは６，０μｍであり、リターデーション値は
０．７３μｍである。(Example 2) The liquid crystal display element of Example 2 also has the same configuration as Example 1. However, the liquid crystal cell 1 in Fig. 1 is a liquid crystal Z manufactured by Merck & Co.
Lany428 (Δn=0.1222) was used. The cell gap is 6.0 μm and the retardation value is 0.73 μm.
また、光学的異方体５としては、ＰＭＭＡ樹脂の一軸延
伸フィルムを用いた。その△ｎは０．０００６１、膜厚
は６００μｍで、リターデーション値が０．３７μｍで
ある。また、第３図において、角度３１を左２１度、角
度３２を左１０度、ツイスト角３３を左２４０度に設定
した。Further, as the optically anisotropic body 5, a uniaxially stretched film of PMMA resin was used. Its Δn is 0.00061, the film thickness is 600 μm, and the retardation value is 0.37 μm. Further, in FIG. 3, the angle 31 was set to 21 degrees to the left, the angle 32 was set to 10 degrees to the left, and the twist angle 33 was set to 240 degrees to the left.
この時、オフ時には７８％と比較的高い視感反射率Ｙ
ｏｆｆが得られ、しかもその表示色は白に近かった。ま
たオン時の視感反射率も２．１％と低いため、最大取り
得るコントラスト比は、１：３７と大きい。At this time, the luminous reflectance Y is relatively high at 78% when off.
off, and the displayed color was close to white. Furthermore, since the luminous reflectance when turned on is as low as 2.1%, the maximum possible contrast ratio is as large as 1:37.
また本実施例においては、光学的異方体として、光学的
に負の一軸性を有するＰＭＭＡ樹脂の一軸延伸フィルム
を用いているために、視角特性に優れているという特徴
がある。Further, in this example, since a uniaxially stretched film of PMMA resin having optically negative uniaxiality is used as the optically anisotropic body, it is characterized by excellent viewing angle characteristics.
（実施例３）
第２図は、本実施例の液晶表示素子の断面図である。図
中、１は液晶セル、２は偏光板、５は光学的異方体であ
る。また、１１は上基板、１２は下基板、１３は透明電
極、１４は画素電極を兼ねた反射膜、１５は液晶である
。液晶セル１には、メルク社製の液晶ＺＬＩ−４４２７
（Δｎ＝０１１２７）を用いて、平均のりタープ−ジョ
ン値を０．６９μｍとした。また、光学的異方体として
は、ポリプロピレン樹脂の一軸延伸フィルムを用いた。(Example 3) FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the liquid crystal display element of this example. In the figure, 1 is a liquid crystal cell, 2 is a polarizing plate, and 5 is an optically anisotropic body. Further, 11 is an upper substrate, 12 is a lower substrate, 13 is a transparent electrode, 14 is a reflective film that also serves as a pixel electrode, and 15 is a liquid crystal. The liquid crystal cell 1 is a liquid crystal ZLI-4427 manufactured by Merck & Co.
(Δn=01127), the average adhesive tarpsion value was set to 0.69 μm. Furthermore, a uniaxially stretched polypropylene resin film was used as the optically anisotropic body.
そのΔｎは０．００１８、膜厚は２００μｍで、リター
デーション値が０，３６μｍである。また、第３図にお
いて、角度３１を左１３度、角度３２を左８８度、ツイ
スト角３３を左２２５度に設定した。Its Δn is 0.0018, the film thickness is 200 μm, and the retardation value is 0.36 μm. Further, in FIG. 3, the angle 31 was set to 13 degrees to the left, the angle 32 was set to 88 degrees to the left, and the twist angle 33 was set to 225 degrees to the left.
この時、オフ時には８０％と比較的高い視感反射″４Ｙ
ｏｆｆが得られ、しかもその表示色は白に近かった。At this time, when off, the visual reflex is relatively high at 80% ``4Y''
off, and the displayed color was close to white.
またオン時の視感反射率も２．２％と低いため、最大取
り得るコントラスト比は、１：３６と大きい。Furthermore, since the luminous reflectance when turned on is as low as 2.2%, the maximum possible contrast ratio is as large as 1:36.
なお、ここで反射膜１４は、表面凹凸０．５μｍのすり
ガラスの表面に、スパッタ法により金属アルミニウム薄
膜を設けたものであり、指向性の少ない反射特性を有す
る。なお、金属としてはアルミニウムの他にニッケルや
クロム等の銀白色を有する材料ならば何でもよく、表面
凹凸は金属の表面を荒く研磨したり、薬品処理を行うこ
とによって設けることもできる。Note that the reflective film 14 here is a thin metal aluminum film provided by a sputtering method on the surface of ground glass with a surface unevenness of 0.5 μm, and has reflective characteristics with little directivity. The metal may be any material having a silvery white color such as nickel or chromium in addition to aluminum, and the surface irregularities can also be provided by rough polishing the metal surface or by chemical treatment.
この反射膜を櫛形等にパターン形成する場合には、この
金属薄膜を直接バターニングする方法と、金属薄膜上に
絶縁物を介して透明電極を設け、この透明電極をバター
ニングする方法とがある。 この絶縁物は、表面凹凸を
緩和する効果があるため、ツイスト角が太きく ｄ ／
ｐマージン（ｄ： セルギャップ、ｐ： 自発ピッ
チ）が狭い場合には有効である。When patterning this reflective film into a comb shape or the like, there are two methods: directly buttering the metal thin film, and providing a transparent electrode on the metal thin film via an insulator and buttering this transparent electrode. . This insulator has the effect of alleviating surface irregularities, so the twist angle is large d /
This is effective when the p margin (d: cell gap, p: spontaneous pitch) is narrow.
このように、反射板を液晶セルの中に設けることによっ
て、従来の反射型液晶表示素子に特有の、表示が二重に
見えるという問題を解決することができる。さらに液晶
厚の微小なばらつきが、表示色を平均化し、色付きをさ
らに少なくするという副次的な効果もある。In this way, by providing a reflector in the liquid crystal cell, it is possible to solve the problem of double display, which is peculiar to conventional reflective liquid crystal display elements. Furthermore, minute variations in the liquid crystal thickness have the secondary effect of evening out the displayed colors and further reducing coloration.
以上の実施例においては、光学的異方体は、液晶セルと
偏光板の間に置いたが、液晶セルと反射板の間に置くこ
ともできる。さらに光学的異方体は１枚に限らず、２枚
以上用いることによって、さらに高いコントラスト比と
、色付きの少ない表示を得ることかもきる。In the above embodiments, the optically anisotropic body was placed between the liquid crystal cell and the polarizing plate, but it can also be placed between the liquid crystal cell and the reflecting plate. Furthermore, the number of optically anisotropic bodies is not limited to one, but by using two or more, it is possible to obtain an even higher contrast ratio and a display with less coloring.
また、−軸延伸フィルムの延伸方向２２が表示画面の水
平方向と平行に置けるように、液晶セルのラビング方向
２３及び２４を設定すると、左右方向の視角が広くなっ
て、複数の人が表示を見るのに都合がよい、逆に、延伸
方向２２が表示画面の垂直方向と平行に置けるように、
ラビング方向を設定すると、コントラスト比が向上する
。いずれにせよ、このように−軸延伸フィルムを配置す
ることは、高価なフィルムの取り数を増やし、製造コス
トを下げる上でも非常に有効である。Furthermore, if the rubbing directions 23 and 24 of the liquid crystal cell are set so that the stretching direction 22 of the -axis stretched film is placed parallel to the horizontal direction of the display screen, the viewing angle in the left and right direction becomes wider, allowing multiple people to view the display. Convenient for viewing, conversely, so that the stretching direction 22 is parallel to the vertical direction of the display screen,
Setting the rubbing direction improves the contrast ratio. In any case, arranging the -axially stretched film in this way is very effective in increasing the number of expensive films and reducing manufacturing costs.
また、反射板４を半透過型にし、この反射板を挟んで液
晶セルと反対側にバックライトを設ければ、周囲が暗い
ときには透過型デイスプレィとして使うこともでき、反
射型デイスプレィの欠点を補うことができる。ただしそ
の際には、反射板とバックライトの間に、偏光板と、必
要に応じて光学的異方体とを設ける必要がある。In addition, by making the reflector 4 semi-transmissive and installing a backlight on the opposite side of the liquid crystal cell across the reflector, it can be used as a transmissive display when the surroundings are dark, making up for the drawbacks of a reflective display. be able to. However, in that case, it is necessary to provide a polarizing plate and, if necessary, an optically anisotropic body between the reflecting plate and the backlight.
［発明の効果コ
以上述べたように、本発明によれば、新しい反射型液晶
モードを導入することにより、明るく、色付きが少なく
、しかも表示が二重に見えない液晶表示素子を提供する
ことができる。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, by introducing a new reflective liquid crystal mode, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display element that is bright, has little coloration, and does not display double images. can.
第１図は、本発明の実施例１〜２における液晶表示素子
の断面図である。
第２図は、本発明の実施例３における液晶表示素子の断
面図である。
第３図は、本発明の液晶表示素子の各軸の関係を示す図
である。
第４図は、本発明の実施例１における液晶表示素子の電
界オフ時と電界オン時の分光特性を示す図である。
第５図は、従来の液晶表示素子の断面図である。
第６図は、従来の液晶表示素子の電界オフ時と電界オン
時の分光特性を示す図である。
１、液晶セル
２、偏光板（上側）
３、偏光板（下側）
４、反射板
５、光学的異方体（−軸延伸フィルム）１１、上基板
１２、下基板
１３、透明電極
１４、画素電極を兼ねた反射膜
１５、液晶
２１、偏光板２の偏光軸（吸収軸あるいは透過軸）方向
２２、光学的異方体の光軸方向（−軸延伸フィルムの延
伸方向）
２３、上基板１１のラビング方向（液晶配向方向）２４
゜
３１゜
３３゜
４１゜
４２゜
下基板１２のラビング方向（液晶配向方向）２１が２３
となす角度
２２が２３となす角度
液晶１５のツイスト角
電界オフ時の反射光の分光特性
電界オン時の反射光の分光特性
出願人 セイコーエプソン株式会社
代理人 弁理士 鈴木喜三部（ｆｌ！！１名）波長（ｎ
ｍ）
第４図
波長（ｎｍ）
第６図FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display element in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display element in Example 3 of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the respective axes of the liquid crystal display element of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the spectral characteristics of the liquid crystal display element in Example 1 of the present invention when the electric field is off and when the electric field is on. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal display element. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the spectral characteristics of a conventional liquid crystal display element when the electric field is off and when the electric field is on. 1, liquid crystal cell 2, polarizing plate (upper side) 3, polarizing plate (lower side) 4, reflecting plate 5, optically anisotropic body (-axis stretched film) 11, upper substrate 12, lower substrate 13, transparent electrode 14, Reflective film 15 that also serves as a pixel electrode, liquid crystal 21, polarization axis (absorption axis or transmission axis) direction 22 of polarizing plate 2, optical axis direction of optically anisotropic body (stretching direction of -axis stretched film) 23, upper substrate 11 rubbing direction (liquid crystal alignment direction) 24
゜31゜33゜41゜42゜The rubbing direction (liquid crystal alignment direction) 21 of the lower substrate 12 is 23
Angle 22 and 23 Twist angle of liquid crystal 15 Spectral characteristics of the reflected light when the electric field is off Spectral characteristics of the reflected light when the electric field is on Applicant Seiko Epson Corporation Agent Patent attorney Kizobe Suzuki (fl!! 1 person) Wavelength (n
m) Figure 4 Wavelength (nm) Figure 6
Claims (3)
挟持してなる液晶セルと、偏光素子と検光素子を兼ねた
１枚の偏光板と、１枚の反射板とを備えた液晶表示素子
において、該液晶セルの液晶以外に少なくとも１層の光
学的異方体を備えていることを特徴とする液晶表示素子
。(1) A liquid crystal cell comprising a twisted liquid crystal sandwiched between two opposing substrates, one polarizing plate that serves as both a polarizing element and an analyzer, and one reflecting plate. A liquid crystal display element comprising at least one optically anisotropic layer in addition to the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal cell.
方の基板の液晶側表面に、凹凸を有することを特徴とす
る請求項１記載の液晶表示素子。(2) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the two substrates of the liquid crystal cell has an uneven surface on the liquid crystal side.
設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の液晶表
示素子。(3) The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein the reflective plate is provided on the liquid crystal side surface of the liquid crystal cell substrate.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2210813A JPH0497121A (en) | 1990-08-09 | 1990-08-09 | Liquid crystal display element |
| EP19910307232 EP0470817A3 (en) | 1990-08-09 | 1991-08-06 | Liquid crystal electro-optical device |
| US08/133,827 US5361151A (en) | 1990-08-09 | 1993-10-07 | Reflection-type liquid crystal device with polarization of output light perpendicular to that of input light |
| US08/729,929 USRE35799E (en) | 1990-08-09 | 1996-10-15 | Reflection-type liquid crystal device with polarization of output light perpendicular to that of input light |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2210813A JPH0497121A (en) | 1990-08-09 | 1990-08-09 | Liquid crystal display element |
Related Child Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11143200A Division JP3127917B2 (en) | 1999-05-24 | 1999-05-24 | Liquid crystal display device |
| JP11143201A Division JPH11352480A (en) | 1999-05-24 | 1999-05-24 | Liquid crystal display device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0497121A true JPH0497121A (en) | 1992-03-30 |
Family
ID=16595551
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2210813A Pending JPH0497121A (en) | 1990-08-09 | 1990-08-09 | Liquid crystal display element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0497121A (en) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0611711A (en) * | 1992-06-26 | 1994-01-21 | Sharp Corp | Reflective liquid crystal display |
| JPH07318929A (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1995-12-08 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display |
| US5612803A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1997-03-18 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device with polymeric walls and a production method for the same |
| US5619356A (en) * | 1993-09-16 | 1997-04-08 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Reflective liquid crystal display device having a compensator with a retardation value between 0.15 μm and 0.38 μm and a single polarizer |
| US5774107A (en) * | 1995-10-31 | 1998-06-30 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Display apparatus with input-functions |
| JPH10186359A (en) * | 1998-01-12 | 1998-07-14 | Sharp Corp | Reflective liquid crystal display |
| US5847789A (en) * | 1992-06-26 | 1998-12-08 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Reflective type liquid crystal display device |
| US6552767B1 (en) | 1999-02-15 | 2003-04-22 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Liquid-crystal display |
| US6567141B1 (en) | 1999-02-23 | 2003-05-20 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display |
| US6661483B1 (en) | 1999-07-21 | 2003-12-09 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device |
| US6693692B1 (en) | 1999-06-07 | 2004-02-17 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display |
| US6825902B2 (en) | 2000-07-21 | 2004-11-30 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Transflective liquid crystal display device |
| US6933994B1 (en) | 1999-11-24 | 2005-08-23 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display including an anisotropic scattering layer |
-
1990
- 1990-08-09 JP JP2210813A patent/JPH0497121A/en active Pending
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5847789A (en) * | 1992-06-26 | 1998-12-08 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Reflective type liquid crystal display device |
| JPH0611711A (en) * | 1992-06-26 | 1994-01-21 | Sharp Corp | Reflective liquid crystal display |
| US5612803A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1997-03-18 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device with polymeric walls and a production method for the same |
| US5739889A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1998-04-14 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device and a production method for the same |
| US5751382A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1998-05-12 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display input/output device |
| US5619356A (en) * | 1993-09-16 | 1997-04-08 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Reflective liquid crystal display device having a compensator with a retardation value between 0.15 μm and 0.38 μm and a single polarizer |
| JPH07318929A (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1995-12-08 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display |
| US5774107A (en) * | 1995-10-31 | 1998-06-30 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Display apparatus with input-functions |
| JPH10186359A (en) * | 1998-01-12 | 1998-07-14 | Sharp Corp | Reflective liquid crystal display |
| US6552767B1 (en) | 1999-02-15 | 2003-04-22 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Liquid-crystal display |
| US6567141B1 (en) | 1999-02-23 | 2003-05-20 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display |
| US6693692B1 (en) | 1999-06-07 | 2004-02-17 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display |
| US6661483B1 (en) | 1999-07-21 | 2003-12-09 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device |
| US6933994B1 (en) | 1999-11-24 | 2005-08-23 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display including an anisotropic scattering layer |
| US6825902B2 (en) | 2000-07-21 | 2004-11-30 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Transflective liquid crystal display device |
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