JPH06322730A - Retaining wall construction method for near natural revetment - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] As a retaining wall for river revetments, it has a landscape similar to that of natural masonry, has a high construction efficiency and does not cause deviation, and also serves as an air trap during flooding and for plant growth. To develop a new retaining wall construction method for revetment of near-natural waters, which has the gaps, voids, and cavities that serve as the foundation and can achieve water purification and maintenance of the ecosystem. [Structure] Construction members made of elastic bags filled with ready-mixed concrete are made into various shapes and sizes, and these are continuously connected to the construction surface and between the construction members and the construction surface. Form a retaining wall with a solid material of arbitrary shape interposed. In addition, non-stretchable parts are provided on the bag, neutralizers, seeds, fertilizers, etc. are attached, sand or crushed stone pieces are temporarily attached or built in, and materials for vegetation base materials are created. It is also possible to use additional techniques such as mixing between members, making ready-mixed concrete water-permeable or agglomerated, mixing organic materials, and the like.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of constructing a retaining wall constructed on a river for the purpose of revetment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a retaining wall constructed on a river embankment has been developed and improved for the purpose of giving priority to strength against water flow and improving workability. The building is a uniform block, and the natural environment around the construction site is ignored.

[0003] Such a structure not only damages the landscape but also does not allow plants to grow because it is a retaining wall that is sealed with concrete and blocks. Therefore, it is expected that the plants will purify the water in the river and inhabit small animals and microorganisms. However, it causes deterioration of water quality and destruction of the ecosystem around the site.

When observing the formation of natural rivers, the sediment that is eroded by the water flows down and the stones mixed in the sediment are washed out. The washed-out stones of various sizes are exposed to the surface, and they become natural retaining walls. Our ancestors imitated the nature's activities by masonry to artificially change the river channels and prevent flooding during flooding.

[0005] This masonry allows invasion of plants without blocking the ground and rivers in the river basin, and prevents plants from forming between the masonry stones and spoiling the natural landscape, and purifying water. It also helps maintain the surrounding ecosystem.

However, in masonry, not only is there a limit to the amount of stones that can be collected, but the technique for stacking stones of different sizes and shapes is difficult, and construction is also difficult from a technical point of view. As a result, even beginners have started to use blocks that are easy to stack, and have improved strength and water impermeability.

[0007] The idea of prioritizing the strength is to connect the blocks to be constructed, and since the ability to follow the soil erosion of the river bed and the bank is lost, it is sealed to prevent scouring on the back side of the structure. However, the use of revetment methods where plant invasion cannot be expected has come to be adopted.

[0008]

It has been pointed out that the conventional sealed revetment retaining wall, which has been developed by prioritizing only workability and strength, is one of the major causes of environmental damage today. Improving revetment methods has become an important issue. The present invention was made at the origin of river revetment, with the aim of significantly improving the conventional method of constructing retaining walls and preserving the riverside ecosystem, and was created in the course of nature. Even a layman can construct a retaining wall that is similar to a masonry revetment, yet it is a retaining wall for a new natural revetment that is completely slip-prevented, has a reliable void formation, and is not inferior in strength. It is intended to provide a wall construction method.

[0009]

[Means for Solving the Problems] By the way, there has been a retaining wall construction method in the case of emergency in which a bag made of polypropylene woven fabric, called a flexible container sandbag, is filled with fresh concrete and stacked, but this method is urgent. So, it didn't feel right with the surroundings, nor could it preserve the riverside ecosystem. As a result of earnest research to achieve the above object by improving the flexible container sandbag method, the present invention fills a stretchable bag body with fresh concrete and stacks or lays it along a construction surface. In addition, for the purpose of preventing misalignment between the upper and lower forming members, preventing deviation between the construction surface and the forming member, or forming voids on the lower side of the forming member, a solid material of any shape between them It has been found that a very suitable result can be obtained by interposing.

That is, according to the present invention, construction members made by filling a stretchable bag body with fresh concrete are continuously provided along a construction surface such as a steep slope or a gentle slope, and the construction member and the construction surface are connected to each other. Between the space and the building members, the gist is a retaining wall construction method for nearshore revetment, which is characterized by interposing a solid material having an arbitrary shape for preventing displacement and forming voids, As a technology to add to this, the shape and size of the elastic bag can be changed, non-stretchable parts can be partially provided, and various items can be attached and built into this bag. Mixes various materials into ready-mixed concrete, inserts and connects mats with open cells to the construction surface, and penetrates ventilation and drainage pipes, seed roots and branches to the outer surface of the retaining wall. If it is then buried, it will be a very suitable construction method. It is the present inventors have found a.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a stretchable bag used in the present invention, a part of which is shown in a notched cross section. As shown in this figure, the elastic bag body (1) is a bag whose bottom part is closed, in which fresh concrete is injected from the injection port (2) at the upper part and the upper part is closed by the closing string (3). ing.

The elastic bag body (1) is made of an elastic material such as an elastic cloth such as a knitted fabric or rubber, and its shape and size are, for example, 8 to 20c in diameter.
A tube shape having a length of m and a length of 25 to 70 cm is suitable. The shape and size of this elastic bag (1) is 1
Although only the type may be used, it is preferable to use several types of large and small types together.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the construction member (4) of the present invention, that is, a member obtained by filling the stretchable bag body (1) with fresh concrete (5) and closing it, with a part notched. It is shown in a cross section. As shown in this figure, when the tube-shaped stretchable bag body (1) as shown in FIG. 1 is filled with flowable fresh concrete (5), the bag body is stretchable, so that it has a rounded natural shape. The stone-like forming member (4) is obtained.

The present invention provides a member (4) for forming as described above.
Is continuously connected to construction surfaces of various slopes from a steep slope to a gentle slope, that is, the building members (4) are stacked if the slope is a steep slope, and laid on a gentle slope. FIG. 3 is a construction sectional view of one embodiment of the method of the present invention. As shown in this figure, in the present invention, a temporary guide frame (11) is provided.
The formation members (4) are continuously provided along the line, and solid bodies (6) having an arbitrary shape are formed between the formation members (4) and between the construction surface and the formation member (4). ) Is interposed. As the solid material (6), for example, a shape in which projections are provided on the front and back surfaces of a disk is preferable, and by interposing such a solid material, a function and effect of preventing deviation can be obtained, and the forming member (4). 2), a concave void (14) is formed on the lower side, so that it is possible to create an air reservoir capable of supplying air to the roots of plants even when the seawall is flooded.

If a mat (10) having open cells such as a urethane mat capable of retaining air in water is interposed or connected between the construction surface and the construction member (4). , Effective for ventilation and drainage. Furthermore, the vegetation base material (12) may be interposed between the construction members (4), or the ventilation / drainage pipe (13) may be appropriately embedded to penetrate the outer surface of the retaining wall. Good results are obtained. Seed roots or branches may be used instead of the ventilation / drainage pipe (13).

FIG. 4 is a front view of an embodiment in which the building members are stacked on a steep slope. As shown in this figure, in the present invention, the construction member (4) can be made in various sizes, so that it can be laminated in a manner that matches the landscape well, and it is filled with fluid concrete and the bag is stretchable. Therefore, what has been loaded later overlaps the forming member (4) that has been loaded earlier, and the material that has been loaded later will be cured in that state. The vegetation substrate (12) and ventilation / drainage pipe (13) are also shown in FIG.
Are present between the building members (4).

Further, the voids (1
4) Outside construction elements that overlap or adjoin each other (4) Appropriate gaps are formed between the comrades to allow ventilation and water passage, and it is expected that the roots of plants will grow. It is possible to prevent the cutoff from the ground, and depending on the location, if it is constructed so that it overlaps at an irregular angle, it is possible to follow the shape of the ground that is rich in changes, and stabilize that shape. Moreover, by intentionally making the loading irregular,
The shapes exposed on the surface are diversified, and it is possible to reproduce a more natural state.

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing an embodiment of another construction method of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. As shown in these figures, when the method of the present invention is carried out on a gentle slope, a very suitable result can be obtained by using a combination of the wire net (7) and the anchor (8) as the solid (6). is there. In other words, if an anchor (8) is appropriately installed at the intersection of the wire mesh (7) and is used as the solid material (6), it is very effective for construction on a gentle slope. In FIG. 5, the wire mesh (7) is hidden under the mat (10) and cannot be seen, but the anchor (8) without the wire mesh is sufficient.

FIGS. 7 and 8 are cross-sectional views showing another embodiment of the stretchable bag body and the forming member according to the present invention, and FIGS. 9 and 10 are stretchable bag bodies of further different embodiments. It is a sectional view of a member for creation. If the elastic bag body (1) is designed not to have the entire elasticity as shown in these figures but to have a partially non-elasticity part, it will be deformed when the fresh concrete (5) is filled. (4) is obtained.

For example, as shown in FIG. 7, if one side of the bag is made of a stretchable sheet and the other side is made of a non-stretchable sheet (9), an arc-shaped forming member (4) as shown in FIG. 8 is obtained. Nari,
If a non-stretchable sheet (9) is provided around the center of the bag as shown in FIG. 9, a gourd-shaped forming member (4) can be obtained as shown in FIG.

By stacking or laying the building member (4) which is bent or has a shape like this, it is possible to obtain a stable retaining wall that easily follows the deformation of the ground. Further, the building members (4) stacked in such an irregular shape are hardened in such a manner that they are intricately crossed and entangled with each other.
Voids of various sizes are formed in various places.

This group of voids retains air when the retaining wall is submerged and also serves as a place for forming a plant growth base by depositing earth and sand therein. As described above, according to the present invention, not only the above-mentioned deformable forming member (4) but also the above-mentioned rounded forming member (4), a gap is always formed between the consecutive arrangements, Since it is not cut off from the ground in the river basin, it can be fully expected that the retaining wall will germinate and grow seeds of plants and trees that have come from the surrounding area.

In order to ensure the germination and growth of this plant or to introduce the desired plant, seeds and fertilizer of the desired plant may be preliminarily attached to the elastic bag.
It is very suitable if a chemical that neutralizes the alkalinity of concrete is also attached at the same time.

Further, as described above, a material to be a vegetation base material,
Alternatively, a mixture of seeds, seed roots, fertilizers, or the like, or a bag containing the same may be mixed in the gap when the construction member (4) is connected. Even if the growth base material mixed and constructed in this way is eroded by running water, the raw concrete hardened in a form that sandwiches the growth base remains stable without collapsing, so it remains as a cavity, Sediment will eventually accumulate in the cavities, and will serve as a growth base for plants, small animals, and even microorganisms.

Further, in the present invention, for the purpose of accelerating the formation of the voids, it is possible to obtain more preferable results by temporarily adhering or incorporating sand or crushed stone pieces in the elastic bag body (1). Of. Furthermore, in order to positively promote the formation of cavities, it is possible to mix the concrete for filling the elastic bag body (1) with a large-scale aggregate or an organic material in advance so as to provide water permeability and air permeability. It is also possible to use a water permeable raw concrete, or it is possible to mix the raw concrete with a flocculant to make it a flocculated state.

[0026]

【Example】

Example 1 A stretchable bag having the following two sizes was prepared using a chewy knitted fabric. (One end is tied to close and the other is used as an opening.) (A) Diameter 10 cm, length 30 cm (b) Diameter 15 cm, length 50 cm

Fresh concrete was poured into each elastic bag through the opening and filled, and the upper opening was closed with a knot. As a result, the following two types of forming members were obtained. (A) Diameter 30 cm, height 15 cm (b) Diameter 50 cm, height 25 cm It should be noted that this size was obtained by allowing it to stand on a flat surface, and its shape and size could be appropriately changed.

On the other hand, it is formed of earth and sand so as to be inclined at 45 degrees with respect to the retaining wall construction surface, and a thickness of 20
A drainage sheet of mm was laid. In addition, 5 from this slope
The guide frame was temporarily installed parallel to the slope with a distance of 0 cm.

Then, the above-mentioned two types of forming members were stacked along the guide frame irregularly in size, with the following solid material interposed therebetween. Solid material: a disk-shaped object having a diameter of 20 cm and a thickness of 2 cm and projections 8 cm in height provided on the front and back, that is, the above solid material for the purpose of preventing displacement between the upper and lower building members and creating an air pocket. Was interposed between the continuous formation members. In addition, small building members have a narrow width so that they can reach the earth and sand surface in the back, and large building members have a wide width and are stacked as irregularly as possible.
Efforts were made to reproduce a more natural masonry condition by providing a place for one-stage stacking and a place for stacking two stages at a time.

After being left for one week, the ready-mixed concrete was completely hardened, and when the guide frame was removed, no deviation occurred, and a retaining wall for a seawall close to a natural masonry was formed. Proper gaps, voids, cavities, etc. are formed between the building members, and it is certain that air pockets will be formed during flooding and that plant growth can be expected reliably if soil and sand intrude and accumulate. Was observed.

Example 2 The two types of building members prepared in Example 1 were used, and a solid material was placed on a gentle slope as described below.
That is, this example is intended for a gentle slope, and after laying the gentle slope, a rhombic wire mesh is laid on the entire surface, and an anchor is driven into the construction surface at an arbitrary position at the intersection of the wire mesh, It was made to protrude by 15 cm to form a solid.

Then, the above-mentioned two types of construction members were laid as irregularly as possible in a single layer. As a result, a stable retaining wall that does not cause any displacement is completed in a landscape close to nature, and it has suitable cavities and voids, which is very suitable not only for air retention during flooding but also for plant growth. became.

[0033]

The effects of the present invention will be summarized and listed in the following items. (A) A retaining wall with an excellent landscape similar to a natural masonry retaining wall can be created without any deviation. (B) Since gaps, voids, cavities, etc. are surely formed on this retaining wall, an air pool during flooding will definitely be created,
These are the basis for plant growth. (C) By plant growth, water purification and surrounding ecosystem can be maintained. (D) Therefore, this retaining wall protects the natural environment.

(E) Even an amateur can easily perform the work, can easily cope with the deformation of the natural ground, and can arbitrarily design the shape and size, so that the construction efficiency can be remarkably improved. (F) Since it is made of concrete, there is no problem in strength. As described above, the present invention exhibits various excellent effects and exhibits extremely high usefulness as a retaining wall construction method for revetment of rivers.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a stretchable bag used in the present invention, a part of which is shown in a cutaway cross section.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a construction member in which a stretchable bag body is filled with ready-mixed concrete according to the present invention, a part of which is shown in a notched section.

FIG. 3 is a construction sectional view of one embodiment of the method of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view of an embodiment in which building members are stacked on a steep slope.

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing another working example of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the stretchable bag according to the present invention.

8 is a cross-sectional view of a forming member obtained from the stretchable bag body of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of still another embodiment of the stretchable bag according to the present invention.

10 is a cross-sectional view of a forming member obtained from the stretchable bag body of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (1) Stretchable bag (2) Injection port (3) Closing string (4) Construction member (5) Fresh concrete (6) Solid matter (7) Wire mesh (8) Anchor (9) Non-stretchable sheet (10) ) Mat with open cells (11) Guide frame (12) Vegetation substrate (13) Ventilation / drainage pipe (14) Void

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A construction member obtained by filling an elastic bag body with fresh concrete is continuously provided along a construction surface such as a steep slope or a gentle slope, and between the construction member and the construction surface or the construction surface. A retaining wall construction method for nearshore revetment, characterized by interposing a solid material having an arbitrary shape for preventing displacement and forming voids between the construction members. 2. The retaining wall construction method for nearshore revetment according to claim 1, wherein the elastic bag has a shape and size of several types. 3. The retaining wall construction method for nearshore revetment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the stretchable bag part partially has a non-stretchable portion. 4. An elastic bag, an alkaline neutralizer, seeds,
Claim 1, claim 2, or claim 3 with fertilizer attached
Retaining wall construction method for the described natural revetment. 5. Construction of a retaining wall for a nearshore revetment according to claim 1, claim 2, claim 3 or claim 4, wherein sand or crushed stone pieces are temporarily attached or built in the elastic bag body. Construction method. 6. A material for a vegetation base material, a material in which seeds, seed roots, and fertilizers are mixed with this material, or a bag containing these materials is mixed between the formation members when the formation members are connected in series. The method for constructing a retaining wall for revetment of near nature according to claim 1. 7. The retaining wall construction method for nearshore revetment according to claim 1, wherein the ready-mixed concrete has water permeability. 8. The retaining wall construction method for a nearshore revetment according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the fresh concrete is in an agglomerated state by mixing an aggregating agent. 9. The elastic bag body is filled with an organic material mixed with ready-mixed concrete, claim 1, claim 7, or claim 8.
Retaining wall construction method for the described natural revetment. 10. A mat having open cells is interposed between the construction member and the construction surface or is connected to the mat, and penetrates ventilation and drainage pipes, seed roots and branches to the outer surface of the retaining wall. The retaining wall construction method for nearshore revetment according to claim 1 or claim 8 or claim 9, which is buried by being made to bury.