JPH07118913A - Sea Island Fiber Spinneret Equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a spinneret device for sea-island fibers, capable of forming uniform island component fibers, suitable for polymers low in melt viscosities, and easy in production and handling. CONSTITUTION:In a spinneret device used for sea-island fibers and formed by superposing one or more island-forming nozzles, sea-forming devices and collecting cells successively from the upper side, the island-forming nozzle has island component passages on the periphery of each of plural nozzle holes, and a distribution plate is disposed above the island-forming nozzle at a prescribed distance. The sea component and the island component are supplied into the passages for the components, and subsequently supplied into nozzle holes penetrated from the upper surfaces of projected parts 2a, 3a between the passages at distances. Thus, the flow pressures of the respective components into the nozzle holes are controlled to uniformly introduce the components.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sea-island fiber having two or more components, and more particularly to a spinneret device for spinning a sea-island fiber having a plurality of islands having one or more components in the sea component.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Sea-island fiber is a composite fiber having several island component strips in the sea component. After spinning, the sea component is melted and removed, or the sea-island fiber is loosened to form an ultrafine fiber bundle of the island component. Since it can be easily obtained, it is widely used as a staple for filaments, non-woven fabrics, and woven fabrics. Polymers such as polyester or polyamide for the sea component or island component, liquid crystal polymer, PMMA, polypropylene, polyester or polystyrene including alkali-soluble, or a copolymer thereof, vinylidene fluoride, or a copolymer thereof. The compounds are known.

Regarding a spinneret device for spinning sea-island fibers, many proposals have been made so far. One of the proposals, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-151
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-63 discloses a spinneret device for joining a plurality of coating streams in which an island component is coated with a sea component, and spinning them out from one fiber spinning hole. In the apparatus, the island component supplied from above the island forming die plate is an island component introducing pipe provided in the island forming die plate inserted halfway inside the sea component introducing hole of the sea component die plate. And is coated with the sea component in the sea component introducing hole to form a plurality of coating flows into the lower collecting cell, where they are merged, fused and integrated, and spun from the spinning hole.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the above device,
The island component is supplied from the upper part of the island component base plate and distributed to multiple introduction pipes, but since no special consideration was given to the distribution of the island component at this time, the island components distributed to each introduction pipe There is a difference in flow rate. In other words, the inflow rate of the introduction pipe near the island component supply port is large, and the inflow rate decreases as the distance increases. That is, a short path is likely to occur in the introduction pipe near the island component supply port, the flow rate of the island component distributed to the introduction pipe far from the supply port is reduced, and a uniform island component strip can be formed. I can't. This phenomenon tends to occur particularly when the island component is a polymer having a low melt viscosity, and has been limited to the case where the island component is a polymer having a high melt viscosity. Therefore, an attempt was made to reduce the diameter of the introduction pipe to increase the back pressure to make the flow rate uniform, but when the diameter was reduced, clogging and the like due to foreign matter occurred, which made practical application difficult. Furthermore, in the spinning outlet device disclosed in the above publication,
Since the island component introduction pipe is inserted up to the middle of the sea component introduction hole, high precision machining is required and maintenance becomes difficult.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a spinneret device for sea-island fibers which is easy to manufacture and handle and which is capable of forming uniform island component strips and is suitable for a polymer having a low melt viscosity.

[0006]

The above-mentioned object is the spinneret device for sea-island fibers, which comprises one or more island-forming nozzles, sea-forming nozzles, and collecting cells, which are sequentially stacked from above, which is the gist of the present invention. The island-shaped nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the island-forming nozzle has an island component flow path around each nozzle hole, and a distribution plate is arranged above the island-forming nozzle at a predetermined interval. This is achieved by the spinneret device.

[0007]

The spinneret device of the present invention is provided at least one in the spinning section of the spinning device, and the number of the spinneret devices is usually plural.
In the spinning device, in addition to the spinneret device, a melt extruder that stores and melts the sea component and the island component, and supplies the melt to the spinneret device,
Quenching for rapidly cooling and solidifying the sea-island fibers in a molten state spun out from the spinneret and a winding roll for winding the solidified sea-island fibers at a constant speed are provided.

First, the island component is melted by the island component melting extruder and is evenly supplied to the flow path of the island forming nozzle of the spinneret device. When the supply amount reaches the vicinity of the introduction part of the nozzle hole and the supply further proceeds, a uniform back pressure acts when the molten island component passes through the gap between the upper surface of the introduction part of each nozzle hole and the distribution plate, It is supplied to each nozzle hole.

In synchronization with this, the sea component is melted by the sea component melting extruder and supplied to the nozzle hole of the sea forming nozzle of the spinneret device. According to a preferred aspect, the sea forming nozzle also has substantially the same configuration as the island forming nozzle, the lower surface of the island forming nozzle has the function of the distribution plate, and the sea component also forms each sea component. The island component, which has been uniformly introduced into the island nozzle holes and has passed through the island component nozzle, is covered with the sea component in the gap formed between the island forming nozzle and the sea forming nozzle, and the sea component is formed as a cover strip. Pass through the forming nozzle hole. The sea component coating strip that has passed through the sea forming nozzle hole is supplied to the funnel portion in the lower collecting cell, where it joins with other sea component coating strips, and is fused and integrated through the sea component, and the end of the funnel portion is joined. It is spun from the sea island fiber spinning outlet.

The molten sea-island fibers spun from these spinnerets are rapidly cooled and solidified by a quenching means, and the solidified sea-island fibers are wound around a winding roll at a constant speed.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below more specifically with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a spinneret device having one type of island component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a distribution plate, 2 is an island forming nozzle, 3 is a sea forming nozzle, and 4 is a collective cell. The island forming nozzle 2 and the sea forming nozzle 3 are respectively formed with channels 8 and 9 for each component on one surface, and a plurality of protrusions 2a and 3a are provided in the portions sandwiched between the channels. Has been formed. An island forming nozzle hole 5 is formed in the center of the projecting portion 2a of the island forming nozzle 2 so as to vertically penetrate therethrough, and a sea forming nozzle hole 6 is formed in the center of the projecting portion 3a of the sea forming nozzle 3. Are formed so as to penetrate in the vertical direction. The sea forming nozzle hole 6 may have a simple cylindrical shape as shown in the drawing, but it is preferable that the sea forming nozzle hole 6 be a tapered hole that widens downward in order to reduce the distance between adjacent nozzle holes. This is because the merging of the sea component and the island component is performed without being disturbed in a laminar manner, and the predetermined cross-sectional shape is easily reproduced.

The island forming nozzle holes 5 and the sea forming nozzle holes 6 are arranged so as to face each other on the same vertical line, and the arrangement of these nozzle holes 5 and 6 may be random, but they are circular, regular hexagonal and square. By arranging them symmetrically, it is possible to obtain a high-quality product in which more uniform island component lines are formed in the sea component. Further, in the collecting cell 4 arranged on the lower surface of the sea forming nozzle 3, a plurality of sea component coating strips discharged from the sea forming nozzle hole 6 are directed toward a lower spinning hole 7 for integrating them. A plurality of funnel-shaped composite portions 12 having a narrowed shape are formed.

Above the island forming nozzle 2, a distribution plate 1 which is a characteristic part of the present invention is arranged with a predetermined gap 10 provided therebetween. When the island component is extruded and supplied from the unillustrated island component melting extruder into the channel 8 of the island forming nozzle 2, the channel 8 is first uniformly filled and reaches the upper surface of the protrusion 2a, and then the gap is formed. It is supplied to the island forming nozzle holes 5 through 10. The flow pressure at the time of supply to the discharge hole 5 is controlled by the extrusion pressure from the island component melting extruder. Further, since the back pressure acts on the island component by the gap 10 and the fluid pressure is also constant, the island component having a constant flow rate is uniformly introduced into any of the island forming nozzle holes 5.

In this embodiment, the sea forming nozzle 3 has the same structure as the island forming nozzle 2, and each nozzle hole 6 corresponds to the island forming nozzle hole 5 and the island forming nozzle 2 is formed.
It is provided immediately below and is provided with a predetermined gap 11 between the lower surface of the island forming nozzle 2 and the upper surface of the protruding portion 3a of the sea forming nozzle 3. Around the projecting portion 3a, a sea component flow passage 9 is formed, and when the sea component is extruded and supplied from a sea component melting extruder (not shown), the sea flow passage 9 is first uniformly filled and then the projecting portion 3a. It is introduced into the sea forming nozzle hole 6 through the gap 11 on the upper surface of 3a. It is discharged from the island forming nozzle holes 5 as island component strips into the gap 11, and when passing through the gap 11, the sea component is discharged from the sea forming nozzle holes 6 to the funnel-shaped composite portion 12 below. . The coating amount of the sea component at this time is controlled by the extrusion pressure of the sea component from the sea component extruder.

The collecting cell 4 is arranged in close contact with the lower surface of the sea component coating nozzle 3. The sea component coating strips discharged from the plurality of sea forming nozzle holes 6 merge at the funnel-shaped collecting portion 12 of the collecting cell 4 and are fused and integrated through the sea component, and It is spun from the sea-island fiber spinning outlet 7. It is preferable that the funnel-shaped gathering portion 12 first has a vertical surface 12a whose cross-sectional area does not change and then has a tapered surface 12b whose cross-sectional area gradually decreases. If there is no cross-sectional area change 12a, the cross-sectional shape of the island component located on the outer periphery of the obtained sea-island fiber is likely to be deformed. The upper surface opening of the funnel-shaped collecting portion 12 has a plurality of sea forming nozzle holes 6
It is preferable that the hole is larger than the outer tangent line of the hole arranged in the outermost peripheral portion, and its cross-sectional shape is similar to the shape of the outer tangent line. Similarly, the cross-sectional shape of the sea-island fiber spinning outlet 7 is also preferably similar, but the upper surface opening of the funnel-shaped collecting portion 12 and the sea-island fiber spinning outlet 7 may have a circular cross-section.

Island forming nozzle holes 5 and sea forming nozzle holes 6
Since the flow pressure of each component is not affected by the shape of the nozzle holes 5 and 6, the cross-sectional shape of can be various cross-sectional shapes. Is selected according to the desired cross-sectional shape of the sea-island fiber.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of sea-island fibers spun using the apparatus of the present invention. In the figure, for example, the island forming nozzle holes 5,
When all of the sea forming nozzle holes 6 and the sea-island fiber spinning outlet 7 have a circular cross-section, the fiber cross-section shown in FIG. 2A is exhibited, and when only the sea-island fiber spinning outlet 7 has a rectangular shape, it is shown in FIG. 2B. As shown, the island component A also has an elliptical shape. When the island forming nozzle hole 5 or the island forming nozzle hole 5 and the sea forming nozzle hole 6 have a cross section and the sea island fiber spinning outlet 7 has a circular section, the island component has a cross shape as shown in FIG. Sea-island fibers having a cross-sectional shape are spun. In addition, various shapes can be spun.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (c), when the island component is one component, spinning can be carried out in the above-mentioned embodiment in which one island forming nozzle is used, but it is shown in FIG. 2 (d). So the island component is 2
In the case of the number of components or more, the number of island forming nozzles corresponding to the number of the components can be accommodated by inserting them between the island forming nozzle 2 and the sea component coating nozzle 3 of the above embodiment. .

Further, as a modification of the present invention, some of the protrusions 3a of the sea forming nozzle 3 have their upper surfaces closely contacted with the lower surface of the island forming nozzle 2 to form the sea component gap 11. Instead, the island forming nozzle holes 5 and the sea forming nozzle holes 6 may be connected to each other to form a sea component coating strip that receives no or partial sea component coating.

Specific spinning examples using the spinneret device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be shown below. "Spinning Example 1" Island component; polyester (containing 0.5% of titanium oxide) Temperature: 290 ° C Apparent viscosity at shear rate 10 ³ sec ^-1 : 2.6 x 10
³ poise Apparent viscosity at shear rate 10 ² sec ^-1 : 6.2 × 10
³ poise Sea component; polystyrene Humidity: 290 ° C Apparent viscosity at shear rate 10 ³ sec ^-1 : 1 × 10 ³ po
apparent viscosity at an ise shear rate of 10 ² sec ⁻¹ : 1.8 × 10
³ poise Spinning condition; Nozzle hole number of each nozzle of the spinneret: 500 spines of aggregate cell of spinneret: diameter 0.3mmφ, 20 holes Gap width for island formation of spinneret: 0.1mm Sea component of spinneret Gap width for coating: 0.1 mm Spinning temperature: 290 ° C. Spinning speed: Island component 12 g / min, Sea component 18 g / min Winding: 800 m Spinning was performed under the above conditions.

The fibers obtained were 20 filaments and one filament was 17 denier. Regarding the cross section of the fiber, 25 island polyesters were uniformly present in the polystyrene polystyrene component. In addition, this thread is 2.5
After stretching twice, it is immersed in trichlorostyrene and the polystyrene is dissolved and removed. As a result, 25 polyesters of about 0.13 denier per filament are obtained continuously, and the discharge of each component is uniform. Was confirmed.

"Spinning Example 2" Island component; polyester (containing 0.5% titanium oxide) Temperature: 290 ° C Apparent viscosity at shear rate 10 ³ sec ^-1 : 2.6 x 10
³ poise Apparent viscosity at shear rate 10 ² sec ^-1 : 6.2 × 10
³ poise Sea component; polystyrene Humidity: 290 ° C Apparent viscosity at shear rate 10 ³ sec ^-1 : 1 × 10 ³ po
apparent viscosity at an ise shear rate of 10 ² sec ⁻¹ : 1.8 × 10
³ poise Spinning condition; Nozzle hole number of each nozzle of the spinneret device: 500 holes, discharge hole cross section: cross-shaped Spinning port of aggregate cell of spinneret device: diameter 0.3mmφ, 20 holes Gap width for island formation of spinneret device: 0 .1 mm Gap width for sea component coating of spinneret: 0.1 mm Spinning temperature: 290 ° C. Spinning speed: Island component 9 g / min, Sea component 21 g / min Winding: 800 m Spinning was performed under the above conditions.

In the cross section of the obtained fiber, 25 polyesters as island components were uniformly present in polystyrene as a sea component. It was confirmed that the shape of the island portion was almost similar to the shape of the nozzle hole cross section of the island forming nozzle, the cross sectional area was uniform, and the discharge of each component was uniform. Further, the polyester obtained by immersing this yarn in trichlorstyrene and dissolving and removing the polystyrene was also approximately similar to the shape of the discharge hole cross section of the island forming nozzle.

"Spinning Example 3" Island component; polyester (containing 0.5% of titanium oxide) Temperature: 290 ° C. Apparent viscosity at shear rate 10 ³ sec ^-1 : 2.6 × 10
³ poise Apparent viscosity at shear rate 10 ² sec ^-1 : 6.2 × 10
³ poise Sea component; polystyrene Humidity: 290 ° C Apparent viscosity at shear rate 10 ³ sec ^-1 : 1 × 10 ³ po
apparent viscosity at an ise shear rate of 10 ² sec ⁻¹ : 1.8 × 10
³ poise Spinning condition; Nozzle hole number of each nozzle of the spinneret: 500 spines of aggregate cell of spinneret: rectangular shape with short side 0.15 mm, long side 0.7 mm, 20 holes Space for island formation of spinneret Width: 0.1 mm Gap width for coating sea component of spinneret: 0.1 mm Spinning temperature: 290 ° C Spinning speed: Island component 18 g / min, Sea component 12 g / min Winding: 800 m Spinning under the above conditions, The cross section of the obtained fiber was rectangular, and 25 polyesters, which were island components, were similarly present in the polystyrene, which is the sea component, in the same manner.

[0025]

As is apparent from the above description, in the spinneret device according to the present invention, the sea component is spun using the easily soluble polymer, and then the sea component is dissolved and removed to form a fine island component strip. It is effectively used for the production of the sea-island dissolution type ultrafine fiber to be obtained.

In the spinneret device according to the present invention,
Each component of sea and island is first supplied to the flow path of each component, and then supplied through the gap to the nozzle hole penetrating from the upper surface of the protrusion between the flow paths. By passing through the gap in this way, the flow pressure of each component to the nozzle hole is regulated. Therefore, unlike the conventional device in which the island component is supplied from directly above the island component forming nozzle, each component can be supplied to any nozzle hole with a constant flow pressure without being affected by the location of the nozzle hole. . As a result, it becomes possible to effectively apply a back pressure to a polymer having a low melt viscosity, which was difficult in the past, and the discharge can be performed uniformly. Therefore, a polymer having a low melt viscosity can be used as the island component. Further, since each hole can be set larger than the conventional one, clogging due to foreign matter can be reduced. Further, the structure of the device of the present invention is simple, in which nozzles each having a nozzle hole are arranged in an overlapping manner, and the production and maintenance thereof are easy. Of course, other than the melt spinning, application to wet and dry spinning of a solution is also possible.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a spinneret device in the case where there is one type of island component, which is a typical embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of sea-island fibers spun using the spinneret device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Distribution Plate 2 Island Forming Nozzle 2a Projection 3 Sea Forming Nozzle 3a Projection 4 Collecting Cell 5 Island Forming Nozzle 6 Sea Forming Nozzle 7 Sea Island Fiber Spinning Port 8 Island Component Channel 9 Sea Component Channel 10 Island Forming Gap 11 Sea component Covering gap 12 Funnel-shaped aggregate 12a Vertical surface 12b Tapered surface A Island component B Sea component C Second island component

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Mitsuo Hamada 20-1 Miyukicho, Otake City, Hiroshima Prefecture Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. Central Research Laboratory

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A spinneret apparatus for sea-island fibers, which comprises one or more island-forming nozzles, sea-forming nozzles, and aggregate cells sequentially stacked from above, wherein the island-forming nozzles are provided around each nozzle hole. A spinneret device for sea-island fibers, which has an island component flow path, and a distribution plate is arranged above the island forming nozzle at a predetermined interval.