JPH07141784A - Data recording device and defect processing method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To ensure stable storage capacity by effectively using normal sectors in prohibited tracks. [Structure] When a sector of code 1 of a track of code 6 has a defect, this sector is replaced by a substitute sector of code 3 by processing 1. Further, if there is a defect in the sector of code 4, the track of code 6 is converted to code 7 by the process 2.
After performing the process of replacing with the alternative track of
Is prohibited, but a normal track such as code 13
The sector of is set as a new alternative sector. After that, if there is a defect in the sector of the code 10 of the track of the code 8, this sector is replaced by the alternative sector of the code 11 by the process 3. Further, if there is a defect in the sector of code 9, code 1 newly set in this sector by processing 4
The replacement processing is performed by the replacement sector of No. 3. As a result, it is possible to effectively utilize the normal sector of the code 13 in the track of the code 6 to secure a stable recording capacity on the magnetic disk.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a data recording apparatus for recording data on a rotary medium with a head, and particularly when there is a defect in a data recording unit of the medium, this recording unit is replaced with another recording unit. The present invention relates to a defect processing method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a magnetic disk device as a kind of data recording / reproducing device of this kind. Some magnetic disk devices employ a method of recording / reproducing data in units of sectors provided on the medium. When data is recorded by such a magnetic disk device, if the medium has a scratch (hereinafter, a defect), a spare sector (alternative sector) in the same track in which the recording is performed causes a defect sector (data area in the sector). There is a defect described above, and a sector in which data is not normally read / written is replaced by a sector unit. When this alternative sector processing is performed, the sector having a defect is prohibited from being used thereafter.

If there are two or more defect sectors in the same track, the spare sectors in that track will be insufficient, making it impossible to perform the above alternative sector processing. In such a case, an alternative track process is performed in which a track in which the two or more defect sectors exist in the alternative track area is replaced on a track-by-track basis, and the track in which the defect sector exists as a spare sector or more is prohibited. If there is a defect in this alternative track area, the spare sector of the same track is subjected to alternative sector processing, and even if there is a defect on the medium, data can be recorded without the user being aware of this. .

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing tracks and sectors arranged on a medium of a conventional magnetic disk device in a straight line. When a defect exists in the sector of code 1 in the track of code 6, the defective sector of code 1 is replaced by the spare sector (alternative sector) of code 3 in process 1. The sector of code 1 after this substitution processing is prohibited from use. afterwards,
Even if the defect of sector 2 of code 4 in the track of code 6 exists, the alternative sector process is tried to be executed. However, since the defect sector of code 1 already uses the alternative sector of code 3, That is, there is no spare sector in the track. Therefore, in the process 2, the alternative track process of substituting the track of reference numeral 6 with the alternative track of reference numeral 7 is performed.
The data to be written in the track No. 7 is written in the track No. 7, and thereafter the track No. 6 is prohibited.

However, when the above-mentioned alternative track processing is performed, a track having defect sectors larger than the disabled spare sector is normally recorded / reproduced with respect to the remaining sectors except the defect sector. However, the recording area of the medium is not effectively used since it is not used at all.

[0006]

As described above, in the conventional magnetic disk apparatus, the alternative sector processing is performed when there is a defective sector in the track, and the alternative track processing is performed when the spare sector is exhausted. When the track processing is performed, the track in which there are defect sectors larger than the disabled spare sector can normally record / reproduce data to / from the remaining sectors excluding the defect sector, Since it is not used at all thereafter, there is a drawback that the recording area of the medium is not effectively used.

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention effectively utilizes the sectors in the prohibited tracks in which data can be normally recorded, thereby ensuring a stable storage capacity in the medium. An object is to provide a disk device and a defect processing method.

[0008]

According to the present invention, in a data recording apparatus for recording data in sector units in a track set on a rotating medium, if there is a defect sector, a track having this defect sector is provided. First alternative means for performing an alternative sector process for replacing the defect sector with an alternative sector in the case, and if there is a defect sector, but there is no alternative sector for replacing the defect sector in the track having the defect sector , A second alternative means for replacing this track by an alternative track, and a track having the defect sector replaced by the second alternative means is prohibited, and a normal sector in the track is set as a new alternative sector. There is a setting means for setting and a defect sector. And when there is no alternative track when the track having this defect sector has to be replaced by the alternative track, a third alternative means for replacing the defect sector with the alternative sector newly set by the setting means is provided. It has a configuration provided.

[0009]

In the data recording apparatus of the present invention, when there is a defect sector, the first alternative means performs an alternative sector process for replacing the defect sector with the alternative sector in the track having this defect sector. The second alternative means replaces this track with an alternative track when there is a defective sector but there is no alternative sector for replacing the defect sector in the track having the defect sector. The setting means prohibits use of the track having the defective sector replaced by the second replacement means, and sets a normal sector in this track as a new replacement sector. Third
The alternative means is that if there is a defect sector and there is no alternative track when the track having this defect sector must be replaced by the alternative track, the defect sector is replaced by the alternative sector newly set by the setting means. Substitute. This makes it possible to effectively use a sector, in which data can be normally written, in the prohibited track as an alternative sector, and to secure a stable storage capacity in the medium.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a magnetic disk device of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 is a magnetic disk device with a built-in controller, 2 is a host system for requesting data write / read to the magnetic disk device 1, 3
Is an external bus connecting the magnetic disk device 1 and the host system 2. The magnetic disk device 1 is composed of functional blocks as described below. Reference numeral 11 is a hard disk controller (HDC) that controls communication with the host system 2, data transfer control to the sector buffer 13 and data read / write control from the magnetic disk 22, and 12 is a head 21 to a predetermined position on the magnetic disk 22. A CPU that controls the positioning and movement of the HDD and the HDC 11, and 13 is a sector buffer that temporarily stores the data read and written from the magnetic disk 22, and 14 is a program necessary for the CPU 12 to operate. ROM that stores
Reference numeral 5 indicates the position information of the head 21 on the magnetic disk 22 and carriage control information to the CPU 12, and
A servo processing circuit for generating a signal for operating the carriage control circuit 16 in accordance with the instruction 12; 16 is a carriage control circuit for controlling the VCM driver 17 in accordance with the instruction of the servo processing circuit 15; 17 is a VCM (voice controller) included in the carriage mechanism 20. VCM that drives the coil motor)
The driver, 18 is a signal processing circuit for processing the position signal read from the magnetic disk 22 and transmitting it to the servo processing circuit 15, and 19 is the NRZ sent from the HDC 11.
The encoded write data is converted into a write signal, or the signal read from the magnetic disk 22 is converted into N signals.
An encoder / decoder circuit that converts the RZ code to send to the HDC 11, a carriage mechanism 20 that incorporates a voice coil motor (VCM) that moves the magnetic head 21, 21
Is a magnetic head for recording / reproducing information on / from the magnetic disk 22 (simply referred to as a head), 22 is a magnetic disk for performing magnetic recording on the surface magnetic medium, 23 is a spindle motor for rotating the magnetic disk 22, 24 Is a motor control circuit for controlling the spindle motor 23 to rotate at a constant speed, 25 is a head amplifier for amplifying the data to be recorded / reproduced by the head 21, and is a process for selecting the head to be used, and 26 is for the CPU 12 to operate. This is a RAM for reading and writing necessary data.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. When the HDC 11 of the magnetic disk device 1 receives a data write request from, for example, a sector on the magnetic disk 22 from the host system 2, it gives the CPU 12 the data read request of the sector and the position information of the sector. As a result, the CPU 12 issues a control instruction to the servo processing circuit 15 to move the head 21 to the target cylinder in which the sector exists and to position the head 21. The servo processing circuit 15 uses the carriage control circuit 1 based on an instruction from the CPU 12.
6 is operated. As a result, the carriage control circuit 16
Outputs a driver signal to the VCM driver 17,
The VCM driver 17 drives the VCM built in the carriage mechanism 20 according to the input driver signal to rotate the carriage mechanism 20. As a result, the head 22 attached to the tip of the carriage mechanism 20 moves on the magnetic disk 22 in the radial direction.

At the same time, the head amplifier 25 is a CPU
According to the instruction of 12, the head 21 having the head number that can access the target cylinder is selected, the signal reproduced by this head 21 is amplified and output to the signal processing circuit 18 and the encoder / decoder circuit 19. Therefore, while the head 21 is moving in the radial direction on the magnetic disk 22, the servo data picked up by the head 21 is amplified by the head amplifier 25, and then the servo processing circuit 15 is passed through the signal processing circuit 18. Be fed back to. As a result, the servo processing circuit 15 knows the position of the head 21 at the time of movement, controls the movement of the head onto the target cylinder, and then positions the head at the center of the target cylinder. After that, the hard disk controller 11 encodes the data sent from the host system 2 through the encoder / decoder circuit 19 when the head 21 is located at the target and the target sector on the rack, and then the head 21 through the head amplifier 25. To write the data to the target sector.

FIG. 2 is a diagram in which sectors actually arranged on the circumference are linearly expanded and shown. The defect processing by the hard disk controller 11 and the CPU 12 shown in FIG. 1 will be described below with reference to FIG.
If there is a defect in the sector of code 1 in the track of code 6, the sector of code 3 is processed by the process 1 (alternative sector).
Substitute sector processing is performed. The sector of code 1 after this substitution processing is prohibited from use. Reference numeral 3 is a spare sector of the track shown by reference numeral 6. By the way, code 6
If there is a defect in the sector indicated by reference numeral 4 in the track indicated by, the alternative sector processing should be executed as described above. However, due to the defect in the sector indicated by reference numeral 1, the spare sector indicated by reference numeral 3 has already been detected. Since it is used, the spare sector does not exist in the track indicated by reference numeral 6 at this point, and it is actually impossible to execute the alternative sector process. In such a case, after performing the alternative track process of the process 2 and performing the alternative track process of writing the data to be written in the track of reference numeral 6 into the track of reference numeral 7 thereafter, the track of reference numeral 6 is prohibited. . Moreover, after such alternative track processing is performed, normal sectors other than the codes 1 and 3 in the track of the prohibited code 6 are newly set as the alternative sector area for performing the alternative sector processing. .

Similarly, a defect exists in the sector of the code 10 in the track of the code 8 and the code 11 is obtained by the process 3.
The alternative sector processing is performed on the alternative sector, and the sector of code 10 after the alternative sector processing is prohibited from being used, and thereafter, the data to be written to the sector of code 10 is written to the sector of code 11. When the defect also exists in the sector of the code 9 in the track of the same code 8, an attempt is made to execute the alternative sector process, but the sector of the code 10 already uses the alternative sector of the code 11, and at this point There are no spare sectors in the 8th track.
Moreover, since the track of reference numeral 7 has already been used by the previous alternative track processing, the alternative track processing cannot be executed. Therefore, all of the subsequent defect processing is performed by the alternative sector processing, and the sector of code 9 is replaced by the alternative sector processing of process 4 by the alternative sector of code 13 in the track of code 6 (which is newly set as an alternative sector. Data) written in the sector of the reference numeral 9 is written thereafter.
After that, if a defective sector is generated somewhere in the same way, the alternative sector process is performed on the recordable sector in the track of code 6, and a stable storage capacity can be secured in the medium.

FIG. 3 shows the HDC of the above-mentioned magnetic disk device.
11 is a flowchart showing a flow of defect processing performed by the CPU 11 or the CPU 12. In step 301, it is determined whether or not there is a defect sector. If there is no defect sector, the process returns to step 301, and if there is, the process proceeds to step 302. In step 302, it is determined whether or not there is an alternative sector in the same track where the defect sector exists. If there is no alternative sector, the process proceeds to step 304, and if there is, the process proceeds to step 303. In step 303, an alternative process is performed in which the defective sector is replaced with an alternative sector in the same track, and the process returns to step 301.

On the other hand, if the process proceeds to step 304, it is determined whether or not there is an alternative track. If not, the process proceeds to step 307, and if there is, the process proceeds to step 305. In step 305, an alternative process of replacing the track having the defect sector with the alternative track is performed, and the process proceeds to step 306. In step 306, the data writable sector in the track in which the defect sector exists is set as a new alternative sector,
Return to step 301. If there is no alternative track, the process proceeds to step 307 as described above, and it is determined whether there is a newly set alternative sector here. If not, the process ends, and if there is, the process proceeds to step 308. In step 308, an alternative process of replacing the defective sector with the newly set alternative sector is performed, and then the process returns to step 301. If the newly set replacement sector is replaced by the defect sector and disappears in step 307, the processing is immediately terminated.

According to this embodiment, if a sector on the magnetic disk 22 has a defect, the alternative sector process is executed, but if there is a defect sector in the same track and the alternative track process is performed, If a usable sector in the prohibited track is newly set as an alternative sector and then a defective sector occurs and the alternative track area becomes insufficient, the sector is set in the prohibited track. Since the alternative track processing can be performed using the new alternative sector, the available sectors can be effectively used, and if no new alternative sector is set, the alternative sector will be insufficient. In some cases, the storage capacity in the media may be reduced by the amount of defect sectors, but this example does not. Since it is possible to prevent a decrease in capacity, it is possible to ensure stable data recording capacity on the magnetic disk 22.

The data recording device is not limited to a magnetic disk device, but an optical disk device, a magneto-optical disk device,
There is a floppy disk device or the like, and the same effect can be obtained by applying the present invention.

[0019]

As described above, according to the magnetic disk device and the defect processing method of the present invention, stable storage can be achieved by effectively utilizing the sectors in the prohibited tracks in which data can be normally recorded. Capacity can be secured.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a magnetic disk device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing linearly developed sectors arranged on the circumference of the magnetic disk shown in FIG.

3 is a flowchart showing a flow of defect processing by the magnetic disk device shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a defect process by a conventional magnetic disk device.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hard disk device 2 ... Host system 3 ... External bus 11 ... HDC 12 ... CPU 13 ... Sector buffer 14 ... ROM 15 ... Servo circuit 16 ... Carriage control circuit 17 ... CVM driver 18 ... Signal processing circuit 19 ... Encoder / decoder circuit 20 ... Carriage mechanism 21 ... Magnetic head 22 ... Magnetic disk 23 ... Spindle motor 24 ... Motor control circuit 25 ... Head amplifier

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. In a data recording device for recording data in sector units in a track set on a rotating medium, if there is a defect sector, the defect is caused by an alternative sector in the track having this defect sector. First alternative means for performing alternative sector processing for replacing a sector, and if there is no alternative sector for replacing the defect sector in the track having the defect sector even if there is a defect sector, this track is replaced by the alternative track. Second to substitute
And a setting means for prohibiting the use of the track having the defect sector replaced by the second replacement means and setting a normal sector in the track as a new replacement sector. ,
And when there is no alternative track when the track having this defect sector must be replaced by the alternative track, the defect sector is replaced by the alternative sector newly set by the setting means.
A data recording device, comprising: 2. When recording a data in a sector unit in a track set on a rotating medium in a sector unit, if there is a defect sector, substitute sector processing is performed to substitute this into a substitute sector. Alternatively, in the defect processing method of performing the alternative track processing of prohibiting the use of the track having the defect sector after the track having the defect sector is replaced by the alternative track, the use of the defect track is prohibited by the alternative track processing. A normal processing sector in the track is set as a new alternative sector, and if there is a defect sector after that, the defect sector is replaced by the set new replacement sector.