JPH07281010A - Semi-transmissive semi-reflector and semi-transmissive semi-reflective polarizing film laminate using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] A liquid crystal display that can achieve both appropriate reflection of external light and appropriate transmission of light from the back internal light source, is easy to manufacture, and has particularly excellent image contrast. A semi-transmissive semi-reflector suitable for obtaining a device, and a semi-transmissive semi-reflective polarizing film laminate using the same. A semi-transmissive semi-reflective body comprising a support having an internal void and a semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer which is provided on one surface of the support and has a light-transmissive material as a main component. A semi-transmissive semi-reflector, wherein the semi-reflective layer contains a pearl pigment.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is used in a light source section of a liquid crystal display device, and is particularly suitable for improving the contrast of a display section, and a semi-transmissive semi-reflective body and a semi-transmissive semi-reflective type polarizing film laminate using the same. It is about the body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A liquid crystal display is attracting attention as a display in various fields in the information age because it can reduce the weight and size of the device and reduce the power consumption. Since the liquid crystal itself does not emit light in the liquid crystal display, it is necessary to effectively use light from the outside or an internal light source. An example of the former is a digital watch or the like, in which a reflective layer is provided on the back of a back electrode of a liquid crystal cell, and light from the outside is reflected by this reflective layer to obtain good image contrast. Examples of the latter are laptop computers and liquid crystal televisions, in which an internal light source such as a mini lamp is provided on the back surface of the liquid crystal cell and the light of this internal light source is transmitted to the liquid crystal cell to obtain good image contrast. Is.

Further, at present, a liquid crystal display device having both of these optical characteristics is commercialized. In this liquid crystal display device, a semi-transmissive film, for example, a metal thin film that transmits light or frosted glass is used. These semi-transmissive films are located between the liquid crystal cell and the back light source, and reflect external light in the daytime and transmit light from the internal light source at night, thereby achieving good image contrast day and night. Is.

[0004]

However, it is extremely difficult to manufacture a semi-transmissive film that achieves both reflection of light from the outside and transmission of light from the internal light source of the liquid crystal device.
This is because those having good reflectivity generally have poor transmissivity, and those having good transmissivity have poor reflectivity. Specifically, in the former case, the image contrast of the liquid crystal cell deteriorates when a nighttime back light source is used. In the latter case, when the light from the outside is used during the daytime, the image contrast of the liquid crystal cell deteriorates. From this background, there has been a demand for a semi-transmissive / semi-reflector capable of providing a liquid crystal display device capable of appropriately and surely performing reflection and transmission and providing good image contrast day and night.

In order to meet the above demand, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 55-10
3583 inventions were made. The above document discloses a reflective / transmissive body in which light reflective layers and light transmissive layers are partially arranged alternately. However, in the above-mentioned reflective / transmissive body, it is necessary to form unevenness on the surface of the light-transmitting body, and further it is necessary to provide a metal agent reflection pattern on the uneven surface. The semi-transparent material having such a structure has a drawback that it requires precision in manufacturing and is time-consuming. The present invention has been proposed in view of the above problems, it is possible to achieve both appropriate reflection of external light and appropriate transmission of light from the back internal light source, and easy manufacture, and more particularly, an image. An object of the present invention is to provide a semi-transmissive semi-reflective body suitable for obtaining a liquid crystal display device having excellent contrast and a semi-transmissive semi-reflective polarizing film laminate using the same.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a semi-transmissive film comprising a support having an internal void and a semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer which is provided on one surface of the support and has a light-transmissive material as a main component. The above object was achieved by a semi-reflective body, characterized in that the semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer contains a pearl pigment. Further, in the present invention, a semitransparent semireflective layer in which a pearl pigment is uniformly dispersed and oriented in a resin is provided on one surface of a polarizing film, and the light transmittance (JIS
The above object was achieved by a semi-transmissive-semi-reflective type polarizing film laminate, which is characterized in that protective layers having a value measured by K7105) of 40% or more are sequentially provided.

The semi-transmissive semi-reflector of the present invention will be described below.
The details will be described. 1 is a sectional view showing a semi-transmissive semi-reflective body 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a liquid crystal display using the semi-transmissive semi-reflective body 1 shown in FIG. The semi-transmissive semi-reflective body 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a support 10 and a semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer 11.

Support 1 which constitutes the semi-transmissive semi-reflective body 1 of the present invention
0 is required to have diffusivity of light, particularly diffusivity for light from the back light source. Support 1 having excellent light diffusion property
The semi-transmissive semi-reflector 1 having 0 efficiently diffuses external light or light from the back light source 101 to the semi-transmissive semi-reflector 1 and diffuses the light efficiently, so that a uniform image without density unevenness can be obtained. It is preferable because it is possible to obtain a good image contrast day and night.

In order to obtain the support 10 having excellent diffusibility, a transparent material such as film or glass is used as the material. Specifically, as the material forming the support 10, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyimide, polyether, polycarbonate, polyarylate, polysulfone, cellophane, aromatic polyamide, polyether sulfone, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene resin, Polyurethane resin, melamine resin, norbornene resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, phenol resin, various fibrous resin,
Examples include various resin films made of copolymers of these resin monomers, glass substrates such as quartz, and the like.

However, among them, the average value of the simple light transmittance in the visible light region is preferably 75% or more. If it is less than 75%, the light transmittance is poor and an image with good contrast due to the back light source cannot be obtained, which is not preferable. The “simple light transmittance” described here means a value calculated by the following formula (1). In addition,
This measuring method is such that a resin solution is applied and dried on a release film (manufactured by Lintec Co., Ltd., trade name: 38PF) to a thickness of 100 μm to form a coating film, and the coating film is peeled from the release film. , And used as a photometric sample. A spectrophotometer (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, trade name: MPC-310)
0) was used to measure simple light transmittance or reflectance and diffuse light transmittance or reflectance. The average value of each transmittance or reflectance is an average value (integral method) in the wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm. Simple light transmittance = total light transmittance-diffused light transmittance (1)

In order to obtain the support 10 having excellent diffusibility, it is necessary to use the resin having the above-mentioned properties and to have the void portion 13 inside. The transparent material having the voids 13 inside can efficiently scatter light due to the difference in refractive index between the non-voids and the voids 13,
Furthermore, since light is hardly absorbed in the void portion 13,
This is because good transmitted light can be obtained.

The void 13 can be formed, for example, by the following method. One of the methods is a method in which an extremely small amount of an inorganic pigment such as calcium carbonate is internally added to a resin which is a base material of the film forming the support 10 and stretched. According to this method, the base resin is torn with the inorganic pigment as a fulcrum, so that the void portion 13 is formed inside the film. As another method, a method of internally adding a foaming agent to a resin which is a base material of the film and heating and foaming in a stretching step can be exemplified. In this method, the voids 13 are formed inside by heating the foaming agent. Furthermore, as another method, hollow particles made of an organic polymer material such as styrene-acrylic copolymer or an inorganic material such as quartz glass are internally added to a resin which is a base material of the film, and the film is stretched and formed into a film inside the film. A method of forming the voids 13 can be exemplified. The present invention is not limited to these methods, and any method can be adopted as long as it can form the voids 13. The shape of the void 13 may be spherical or amorphous, and is not particularly limited. However, its size is preferably larger than the wavelength of visible light in order to scatter visible light.

While the support 10 is required to have excellent diffusivity, the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 is mainly required to have a property of reflecting light from the outside. Specifically, it has a characteristic of efficiently reflecting light from the outside that has passed through the liquid crystal laminate 112 and reaches the semi-transmissive semi-reflective body 1. The liquid crystal display having this characteristic can obtain good image contrast even in the daytime or in a bright place.

The semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 containing a light-transmissive resin and a pearl pigment can satisfy this characteristic. In particular, it is preferable that this pearl pigment is uniformly dispersed in the light transmissive resin. The light-transmissive resin of the semi-transmissive-semi-reflective layer 11 has an average simple light transmittance of 7 in the visible light region.
It is preferably 5% or more and excellent in light resistance and heat resistance. Thermoplastic resins such as organic solvent-soluble resins, water-soluble resins, emulsions composed of organic solvent-soluble resins and water-soluble resins, thermosetting resins, ultraviolet (UV) curable resins, and electron beam (EB) curable resins It can be illustrated.

Specific examples of the above organic solvent-soluble resin include olefin resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene and polybutadiene, polymethylmethacrylate, acrylic resins such as ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, polystyrene and AS. Resin, BS resin, styrene resin such as ABS resin, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl acetate, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl butyral, vinylidene chloride / acrylonitrile copolymer, vinyl chloride / vinyl acetate Copolymers, vinyl resins such as vinyl chloride / vinylidene chloride copolymers and propylene / vinyl chloride copolymers, polyamide resins such as nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 12, saturated polyester resins, polycarbonate resins, polyacetators Resin, polyphenylene oxide resin, polyphenylene sulfide resin, polysulfone resin, polyurethane resin, tetrafluoroethylene resin, trifluoroethylene resin, fluororesin such as polyvinylidene fluoride, fibrin-based resin such as ethylene cellulose, cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose , Epoxy resin, ionomer resin, organic solvent-soluble resin such as rosin derivative resin, gelatin, glue, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose,
Hydroxyethyl starch, arabic gum, saccharose octaacetate, ammonium alginate, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl amine, polyethylene oxide, polystyrene sulfonic acid, polyacrylic acid, polyamide, and isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer And water-soluble resins, and emulsion resins that are a mixture of the above organic solvent-soluble resin and water-soluble resin.

The thermosetting resin includes natural rubber, isoprene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, chloroprene rubber,
Acrylic rubbers, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubbers, hydrin rubbers, urethane rubbers, polysulfide rubbers, silicone rubbers, rubbers such as fluororubbers, mixtures of these rubbers, mixtures of the above rubbers with organic or inorganic substances, unsaturated polyesters, Epoxy resin, xylene resin, polyamide-imide resin, silicone resin, polyimide resin, polyurethane resin, olefin resin, allyl resin,
Examples thereof include melamine resin, furan resin, urea resin, phenol resin, phenol / formaldehyde resin, polyester / amino resin, and alkyd resin.

Ultraviolet (UV) curable resin and electron beam (E
Examples of the B) curable resin include acrylic resins and epoxy resins. These resins and rubbers may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Furthermore, the resin forming the semi-transmissive-semi-reflective layer 11 is not limited to these.

The pearl pigment 12 is obtained by coating the surface of thin mica particles with titanium dioxide. For example, Ryuji Watanabe: Journal of Coloring Materials, 1977, No. 50, p460-4.
It can be manufactured by the manufacturing method described in 64 "About recent pearl pigments". Further, according to this document, depending on the particle size and thickness of the thin plate-shaped mica constituting the pearl pigment 12, or the thickness of the coated titanium dioxide,
Coloring occurs when the wavelengths of reflected light and transmitted light of visible light incident on the pearl pigment are different. Therefore, in the semi-transmissive semi-reflector according to the present invention, the reflected light and the transmitted light are both white light. It is preferable that various conditions are selected.

However, particularly regarding the size of the pearl pigment 12, when the average diameter of the thin plate (scale) -like surface of the pearl pigment 12 is defined as the average particle diameter, the average particle diameter is 1 to 200 μm.
The range of 10 to 100 μm is more preferable, and the range of 10 to 100 μm is more preferable. If the average particle size is less than 1 μm, the pearl luster is significantly reduced and the reflection characteristics are deteriorated.
When it exceeds 00 μm, it becomes difficult to form the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer as a paint and to form a coating film, and the image becomes difficult to see because the glare becomes strong, which is not preferable.

Various surface treatments can be applied to the pearl pigment 12. For example, the affinity of the pearl pigment 12 for the resin of the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 and the affinity for the paint solvent are improved to stabilize the dispersion of the pearl pigment in the paint or in the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11. For this purpose, the surface of the pearl pigment 12 may be coated with an organic material such as an epoxy resin or a melamine resin, and an inorganic material such as aluminum.

The pearl pigment 12 in the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 is preferably oriented so that the thickness direction thereof coincides with the thickness direction of the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11. When the pearl pigment 12 is oriented in this way, the incident light from the outside hits the oriented particles of the pearl pigment 12 and is regularly reflected in a certain direction, so that an ideal pearl luster is obtained and a good image due to the reflected light is obtained. It is preferable because a contrast can be obtained. When the pearl pigment 12 is not oriented and exists in a scattered state, the pearl luster is lost and the image contrast is deteriorated. Furthermore, it is preferable to arrange the pearl pigments 12 in the semi-transmissive-semi-reflective layer 11 at a certain interval, particularly in the thickness direction. The "some distance" means an interval at which light is efficiently transmitted and good image contrast is obtained by the transmitted light. If this interval is narrow, it becomes difficult for light to pass through the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11,
This is not preferable because the image contrast due to transmitted light deteriorates.

In order to form such a semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11, the solid content ratio of the pearl pigment 12 and the resin (P /
B ratio) is 5/95 to 50/50, preferably 20/80
˜35 / 65, and the layer thickness may be set in the range of 0.5 to 100 μm, preferably 2 to 30 μm. P / B
Is less than 5/95, it becomes difficult to obtain good image contrast by reflected light, and when it exceeds 50/50, it is difficult to obtain sufficient image contrast by transmitted light, which is not preferable. If the thickness is less than 0.5, it is difficult to obtain the image contrast due to the reflected light, and if the thickness exceeds 100 μm, it is difficult to obtain the image contrast due to the transmitted light.

By controlling the P / B ratio and the layer thickness,
It is possible to adjust the total light transmittance and the total light reflectance of the semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer 11 in the visible light region. The total light transmittance means a value calculated by the above formula (1), and the total light reflectance means a value calculated by the following formula (2).
The method of measuring the total light reflectance will be briefly described below. That is, a release film (manufactured by Lintec Co., Ltd., trade name: 38P
Apply the resin solution on F) to a thickness of 100 μm.
A coating film was formed by drying, and the coating film was peeled from the release film to obtain a photometric sample. The photometric sample was measured for simple light transmittance or reflectance and diffuse light transmittance or reflectance using a spectrophotometer (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, trade name: MPC-3100). The average value of each transmittance or reflectance is the average value (integral method) in the wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm. Total light reflectance = simple reflectance + diffuse reflectance (2)

The semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 has a pearl pigment 1
In addition to 2, a curing agent can be added for the purpose of improving light resistance and heat resistance. Further, in order to improve transparency, a high boiling point solvent such as phthalic acid ester, phosphoric acid ester and silicone oil may be added.

Hereinafter, the semi-transmissive semi-reflector 1 having the above structure
A liquid crystal display whose image contrast is improved by using will be described with reference to FIG. This liquid crystal display body is composed of a liquid crystal panel 2 and a back light source 101, and the liquid crystal panel 2 is composed of a liquid crystal laminate 112 and a semi-transmissive / semi-reflector 1. Each layer has a positional relationship in which the liquid crystal laminate 112 is arranged on the upper surface of the semi-transmissive semi-reflective body 1 and the back light source 101 such as a light guide plate device (EL) or a lamp is arranged on the lower surface.

For the liquid crystal laminate 112, for example, a twisted nematic (TN) liquid crystal panel or the like can be used. In order to form the liquid crystal laminate 112, first, two glass substrates 2 with a transparent electrode having a desired pattern are attached.
An alignment film made of polyimide is applied on the transparent electrode surfaces 1 and 22, and then the light distribution film is aligned by a rubbing operation, and then a nematic liquid crystal 20 is injected between the substrates.
The nematic liquid crystal 20 is twisted and aligned by 90 ° by the action of the light distribution film. Then, the peripheral portions of the substrates 21 and 22 may be sealed, and the polarizing films 23 and 24 may be attached to the outside of each of the two glass substrates so that the polarization angles are twisted by 90 °. Then, the semi-transmissive-semi-reflector 1 is overlaid on the polarizing film 24 of the obtained liquid crystal laminate 112 or by adhering it by an adhering means described below,
The liquid crystal panel 2 can be manufactured.

The surface of the semi-transmissive semi-reflective body 1 in contact with the liquid crystal laminate 112 is laminated so that the semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer 11 side is in contact with the liquid crystal laminate 112. In order to improve the productivity of this liquid crystal display device, the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 and the liquid crystal laminate 112 are made of an acrylic resin, a polyester resin, a urethane resin or the like as an adhesive or adhesive tape, or an epoxy resin. It is also possible to use them by adhering them together with an adhesive such as a phenolic resin or vinyl resin or an adhesive tape.

When a drive signal is applied to the transparent electrodes of the liquid crystal panel 2, an electric field is generated between the electrodes to which the signal is applied.
At this time, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules becomes parallel to the electric field direction due to the electronic anisotropy of the liquid crystal molecules, so that the optical rotatory power of the liquid crystal molecules is lost and the light is not transmitted. The display of the image is recognized as visual information by the contrast due to the difference between the light transmission when the drive signal is applied to the transparent electrode and the light transmission when the drive signal is not applied.

Next, the semi-transmissive-semi-reflective polarizing film laminate of the present invention will be described in detail. FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the semi-transmissive-semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 of the present invention. The semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 includes a semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11, a protective layer 242, and a polarizing film 24.
It is composed of 0 and 0. The semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer 11 is
A layer similar to the layer previously used as the semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer 11 in the semi-transmissive semi-reflective body 1 can be used.

The protective layer 242 is the semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer 1
A resin coating layer similar to the resin exemplified as a preferable resin to be contained in 1 or various resin films applied to the support 10 can be used by adhering with an adhesive layer. A pigment may be contained in the resin coating layer of the protective layer 242. As the pigment, acrylic resin pigment, melamine resin, urethane resin, silk (amino acid), chitosan, calcium alginate, polymethylmethacrylate, polystyrene resin, phenol resin, silicone resin, silicone rubber, MMA polymer, EMA polymer, styrene crosslink Pigments, styrene-BA crosslinked products, organic resins such as polyethylene resins and epoxy resins, and silica, calcium carbonate, quartz, magnesium silicate, titanium oxide, hexagonal boron nitride, aluminum borate, ceramics, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, Examples thereof include inorganic pigments such as silicon carbonate and calcium phosphate. These pigments can be used alone or in a mixture of two or more kinds. When the pigment is added, it is preferable to determine the mixing ratio of the resin and the pigment so that the light transmittance of the protective layer 242 obtained by adding the pigment is 40% or more.

Further, in addition to containing a pigment, when a resin film is used like the support 10 of the semi-transmissive semi-reflective body 1, a void portion may be provided. When the voids are provided, various conditions such as the method for forming the voids and the ratio of the voids to the non-voids are preferably the same as those described for the support 10.

As the polarizing film 240, a polyvinyl alcohol film having iodine or a dye adsorbed as a dichroic element is laminated on both sides of a uniaxially stretched polarizer with a transparent substrate (triacetyl cellulose or the like) having no optical distortion. Structured films can be used. Specifically, the polarizing film 240 having the structure shown below is preferable. The polarizing film 240 has a structure in which substrates are attached to both sides of a film-like polarizing substrate with an adhesive. The film-like polarizing substrate can be obtained, for example, by stretching a PVA film uniaxially about 3 to 4 times and impregnating the stretched PVA film in a higher order iodine ion. PVA thus obtained
The film has a defect that it is easy to tear, which is a defect of the PVA film, and has a large shrinkage rate with respect to a change in humidity. To eliminate this drawback, substrates are attached to both sides of the polarizing substrate. For this substrate, for example, a polymer film, a cellulosic film, a polyester film, or a polycarbonate film is used. In particular, a film having improved water resistance by using a gelling agent such as boric acid, or by performing heat treatment or formalization is preferable.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of a liquid crystal display having an improved image contrast by using the transflective / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 having the above structure. In this liquid crystal display, a back light source 101 such as a light guide plate device (EL) or a lamp is arranged on one surface of a liquid crystal panel 212 provided with the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25.
The glass 3 with the antireflection film is attached to the other surface.

As the liquid crystal panel 212, for example, a twisted nematic (TN) liquid crystal panel can be used. In order to form this liquid crystal panel 212, first, two glass substrates 2 with a transparent electrode having a desired pattern are attached.
An alignment film made of polyimide is applied on the transparent electrode surfaces 1 and 22, and then the light distribution film is aligned by a rubbing operation, and then a nematic liquid crystal 20 is injected between the substrates.
The nematic liquid crystal 20 is twisted and aligned by 90 ° by the action of the light distribution film. After that, the peripheral portions of the substrates 21 and 22 are sealed. Then, the polarizing film 23 is attached to one surface of the substrates 21 and 22, and the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 having the above-mentioned configuration is attached to obtain the polarizing film. However, the polarizing film 23 and the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 must be attached so that the polarization angles thereof are twisted by 90 °.

When a drive signal is applied to the transparent electrodes of the liquid crystal panel 212, an electric field is generated between the electrodes to which the signal is applied. At this time, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules becomes parallel to the electric field direction due to the electronic anisotropy of the liquid crystal molecules, so that the optical rotatory power of the liquid crystal molecules is lost and the light is not transmitted. The display of the image is recognized as visual information by the contrast due to the difference between the light transmission when the drive signal is applied to the transparent electrode and the light transmission when the drive signal is not applied. The reason why a good image contrast can be achieved with both transmitted light and reflected light is mainly that the semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer 11 of the semi-transmissive semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 efficiently transmits light from the back light source 101 in a dark place. This is because the light from the outside that has been transmitted and reaches the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 can be efficiently reflected in a bright place.

[0036]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples. In addition, "part" shall mean a "weight part." Example 1 A polyethylene terephthalate film having a thickness of 50 μm and having voids inside (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd .: product name)
Chris Bar H-1212 50) was used as support 10. A coating material for a semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer having the following composition is applied on the support 10 using a wire bar, and then 10
After drying at 0 ° C. for 1 minute, a semi-transmissive semi-reflector 1 of this example having a semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer 11 having a thickness of 20 μm was obtained.・ Polyester resin 77 parts (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd .: product name Byron 200) ・ Pearl pigment 23 parts (manufactured by Merck Japan, product name: Iriodin # 120, average particle size: 10 μm) ・ Methyl ethyl ketone 150 parts ・ Methyl isobutyl ketone 150 parts The average value of the simple light transmittance in the visible light region of the polyester resin which is the light transmitting material used in this example is 8
It was 3%.

Example 2 A polyethylene terephthalate film having a porosity of the same as in Example 1 and a thickness of 75 μm (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd .: trade name Chris Bar H-1) was used.
212 75) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a semi-transmissive / semi-reflector 1 of this example. (Example 3) Polypropylene film having a thickness of 45 μm and having voids inside (manufactured by Oji Yuka Co., Ltd .; product name: YUPO EP-
A semi-transmissive semi-reflector 1 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that G45) was used as the support 10.

Example 4 A semi-transmissive semi-reflector 1 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition of the coating for semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer was changed as follows.・ Polyester resin 20 parts (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd .: product name Byron 200) ・ Nitrocellulose 45 parts (manufactured by Daicel Chemical Co., Ltd .: trade name RS20) ・ Pearl pigment 35 parts (manufactured by Merck Japan: product name Iriodin # 151 Average particle size: 35 μm) -Methyl ethyl ketone 200 parts-Cyclohexanone 100 parts The average value of the simple light transmittance in the visible light region of the polyester resin which is the light-transmitting material used in this example is 8
It was 3%.

Example 5 A semi-transmissive semi-reflector 1 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition of the coating for semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer was changed as follows.・ Polyvinyl alcohol 80 parts (Nippon Gosei Co., Ltd .: product name Gohsenol OKS3266L) ・ Pearl pigment 20 parts (Merck Japan Ltd .: product name Iriodin # 111 average particle size: 6 μm) ・ IPA 200 parts ・ Water 100 parts The average value of the simple light transmittance in the visible light region of polyvinyl alcohol, which is the light transmitting material used in the examples, was 89%.

Example 6 This example was the same as Example 1 except that the resin of the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer was changed to polystyrene (trade name: Elaststyrene, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., transmittance: 75%). A semi-transmissive semi-reflector 1 was obtained. (Example 7) The thickness of the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer was 100 μm,
A semi-transmissive semi-reflector 1 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the P / B ratio was set to 6/94. Example 8 A semi-transmissive semi-reflective body 1 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the thickness of the semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer was 0.5 μm. (Example 9) A semi-transmissive / semi-reflector 1 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the average particle diameter of the pearl pigment was changed to 200 µm. (Example 10) The simple light transmittance of the light transmissive material is 72%.
A semi-transmissive / semi-reflector 1 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.

(Example 11) A semi-transmissive / semi-reflector 1 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the average particle size of the pearl pigment was 0.8 μm. (Example 12) A semi-transmissive / semi-reflector 1 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the average particle diameter of the pearl pigment was changed to 220 µm. (Example 13) A semi-transmissive semi-reflector 1 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer was 110 µm. (Example 14) A semi-transmissive semi-reflector 1 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer was 0.2 µm. (Example 15) A semi-transmissive / semi-reflector 1 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the average particle diameter of the pearl pigment was changed to 1.0 µm.

(Example 16) A semi-transmissive / semi-reflector 1 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the P / B ratio was 50/50. (Example 17) A semi-transmissive semi-reflector 1 for comparison was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer having the following composition was used. -Polyester resin 25 parts (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd .: product name Byron 200) -Nitrocellulose 15 parts (manufactured by Daicel Chemical Co., Ltd .: product name RS20) -Pearl pigment 60 parts (Merck Japan Co., Ltd .: product name Iriodin # 120) -Methyl ethyl ketone 200 Part-cyclohexanone 100 parts The average value of the simple light transmittance in the visible light region of the polyester resin which is the light-transmitting material used in this example is 8
It was 3%. (Example 18) A semi-transmissive semi-reflector 1 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the P / B ratio was changed to 3/97. The average value of the simple light transmittance in the visible light region of the polyester resin, which is the light transmissive material used in this example, is 85.
%Met.

(Comparative Example 1) The support 10 was made to have a thickness of 100.
A semi-transmissive semi-reflector 1 for comparison was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the transparent polyethylene terephthalate film having a thickness of μm and no void inside was used. (Comparative Example 2) The pearl pigment 12 of the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 was silica (manufactured by Fuji Corporation: Sylysia # 550, average particle size 3.0).
A semi-transmissive semi-reflector 1 for comparison was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the thickness was changed to μm). (Comparative Example 3) With Example 2 except that the pearl pigment 12 of the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 was changed to aluminum hydroxide (Showa Denko KK, trade name: Heidilite H-42, average particle size 1.0 μm). Similarly, a semi-transmissive semi-reflector 1 for comparison was obtained. (Comparative Example 4) A semi-transmissive semi-reflector 1 for comparison was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the pearl pigment 12 in the semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer 11 was not included.

(Example 19) Thickness 5 to be the protective layer 242
On a 0 μm polyethylene terephthalate film (Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd., trade name: HP-7), a semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer coating material having the following composition was applied using an applicator and then dried at 120 ° C. for 1 minute to obtain a thickness. Is 20 μm
The semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 was formed. Polarizing film 240 (manufactured by Sanritsu Co., Ltd., trade name: LL-82-) with a pressure-bonding roll obtained by heating the obtained semi-transmissive-semi-reflective layer 11 to 80 ° C.
18) and were laminated together to obtain a semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 of this example. The composition of the coating for the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer is: polyester resin 20 parts (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., trade name: Byron 220, solid content: 30%) 4 parts pearl pigment (manufactured by Merck Japan Co., trade name: Iriodin) # 100, average particle size: 20 μm) Cyclohexanone 9 parts

(Example 20) A semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the coating composition for the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer was changed as follows.・ Polyester resin 23 parts (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., trade name: Byron 220, solid content: 30%) ・ Pearl pigment 3 parts (manufactured by Merck Japan Co., trade name: Iriodin # 100, average particle size: 20 μm) ・ Cyclohexanone 7 parts

(Example 21) A semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 was 100 μm. (Example 22) A semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the pearl pigment contained in the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 had an average particle size of 200 µm. . (Example 23) A semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 was changed to 10 µm. (Example 24) A semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 of this example was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the pearl pigment contained in the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 had an average particle diameter of 2 μm.
Got (Example 25) A semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate of this example was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weight ratio of the pearl pigment and the resin contained in the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 was changed to 60/40. I got 25.

(Example 26) A semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarized light of this example was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weight ratio of the pearl pigment and the resin contained in the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 was changed to 5/95. A film laminate 25 was obtained. (Example 27) An example except that a polyethylene terephthalate film (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., trade name: H-1212, light transmittance: 40%) having voids formed therein and having a thickness of 75 µm was used as the protective layer 242. A semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film 24 laminate of this example was obtained in the same manner as in 1. (Example 28) An example except that a polyethylene terephthalate film (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., trade name: H-1212, light transmittance: 55%) having voids formed therein and having a thickness of 50 µm was used as the protective layer 242. A semi-transmissive-semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in 1. (Example 29) In Example 19, the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 and the polarizing film 240 were sequentially provided on the protective layer 242, whereas on the polarizing film 240 of Example 19, the same example was used. After providing the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11, UV resin (manufactured by Asahi Denshi, trade name: KR-566, light transmittance: 94%)
Is coated on the semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer 11 with a wire doctor,
The UV resin was cured with a UV irradiator to form a protective layer 242 having a thickness of 3 μm.

(Example 30) A semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 of this example was provided in the same manner as in Example 29 except that a protective layer 242 having the following composition was provided. The composition of the protective layer 242 is: UV resin 8 parts (epoxy acrylate resin, manufactured by Asahi Denshi, trade name: KR-566,) Pigment 2 parts (silica, Fuji Co., trade name: Sylysia # 550, average Particle size: 3.0 μm) ・ Isopropyl alcohol 23 parts

(Example 31) A semi-transmissive-semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 of this example was prepared in the same manner as in Example 19 except that the pearl pigment contained in the semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer 11 had an average particle size of 10 µm. Got (Example 32) A semi-transmissive semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 19 except that the pearl pigment contained in the semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer 11 had an average particle size of 100 µm. . (Example 33) A semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate of this example was performed in the same manner as in Example 19 except that the weight ratio of the pearl pigment and the resin contained in the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 was changed to 20/80. I got 25. (Example 34) A semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate of this example was performed in the same manner as in Example 19 except that the weight ratio of the pearl pigment and the resin contained in the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 was changed to 45/55. I got 25. (Example 35) A semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 19 except that the thickness of the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 was changed to 10 m.

(Example 36) A semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 of this example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 19 except that the thickness of the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 was changed to 45 µm. (Example 37) An acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive (resin name: TM-150, manufactured by Soken Kagaku Co., Ltd.) as a resin for the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11.
(Solid content: 25%), and the semi-transmissive-semi-reflective type polarizing film laminate 25 of this example was prepared in the same manner as in Example 19 except that the semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer 11 and the polarizing film 240 were not heat-treated. Obtained.

(Comparative Example 5) With Example 19 except that the pearl pigment 12 contained in the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 was silica (manufactured by Fuji Co., trade name: Sylysia # 550, average particle size: 3.0 μm). Similarly, a semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 of this comparative example was obtained. (Comparative Example 6) The pearl pigment 12 contained in the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 was aluminum hydroxide (manufactured by Showa Denko KK, trade name:
A semi-transmissive-semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 of this comparative example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 19 except that Heidilite H-42, average particle size: 1.0 μm) was used. (Comparative Example 7) A semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 of this comparative example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 19 except that the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 did not contain the pearl pigment 12. (Comparative Example 8) As the protective layer 242, a milky-white polyethylene terephthalate film having a thickness of 50 μm (manufactured by Toyobo,
A semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 for this comparative example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 19 except that the trade name: G2311, light transmittance: 25%) was used.

(Comparative Example 9) As the protective layer 242, a high-quality paper having a density of 157 g / m ² (manufactured by Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd., trade name: MG)
A semi-transmissive semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 for this comparative example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 19 except that T-157, light transmittance: 1%) was used. (Comparative Example 10) A book was prepared in the same manner as in Example 19 except that a milky-white polyethylene terephthalate film having a thickness of 38 µm (manufactured by Toyobo, trade name: G2311, light transmittance: 33%) was used as the protective layer 242. A semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 25 for a comparative example was obtained.

Examples 1-18 and Comparative Examples 1-4
The semi-transmissive / semi-reflector 1 obtained in (1) was attached to the polarizing film 23 of the liquid crystal laminate 112 shown in FIG. 2 to obtain a liquid crystal panel 2. Then, as described in detail below, JI
The image contrast of the obtained liquid crystal panel 2 was evaluated according to the method for measuring the contrast ratio (CR) of the liquid crystal display panel in S C7072 1988.

Examples 19-37 and Comparative Examples 5-1
A liquid crystal panel 212 having the structure shown in FIG. 4 was obtained by using the transflective polarizing film laminate 25 obtained in No. 0. Then, the image contrast of the liquid crystal panel 212 obtained according to the method for measuring the contrast ratio (CR) of the liquid crystal display panel of JIS C7072 1988 was evaluated.

Light source 101-liquid crystal panel 2 or 212-photometer 1 in evaluation of image contrast by transmitted light
The positional relationship of No. 04 is shown in FIG. In this case, the distance between the light source 101 and the liquid crystal panel 2 or 212 is set to, for example, 1 cm, and the distance between the liquid crystal panel 2 or 212 and the side light unit 104 is set to, for example, 50 cm. The positional relationship in reflected light is shown in FIG. In this case, the light source 101 and the liquid crystal panel 2 or 212, and the liquid crystal panel 2 or 21
The distance between 2 and the side light unit 104 was set to, for example, 50 cm. In particular, in the measurement using reflected light, the angle of the light source 101-the liquid crystal panel 2 or 212-the photometer was set to 45 °. The light source is 5 W EL for transmitted light and 40 W for reflected light.
A W fluorescent lamp was used. LS-100 manufactured by Minolta Camera Co., Ltd. was used as a photometer. The measurement results are shown in Tables 1, 2, and 3. In Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3 below, ⊚ indicates a CR of 4 or more, ∘ indicates a CR of 3 to less than 4,
Δ indicates that CR is 2 or more and less than 3 and x indicates that CR is less than 2.

[0056]

[Table 1]

[0057]

[Table 2]

[0058]

[Table 3]

In the semi-transmissive semi-reflective body 1 of this embodiment, since the semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer 11 contains the pearl pigment 12, the light incident on the semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer 11 is reflected by the pearl pigment 12. It In addition, the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 and the support 10
For this, a resin having a high transmittance in the visible light region is used. Therefore, the semi-transmissive / semi-reflector 1 of this example has a good light-transmitting property and a particularly excellent light-reflecting property. Particularly, when an image is recognized by ambient light, good image contrast can be obtained. This is especially true when comparing Example 1 with Comparative Examples 3, 4, and 5.
It is clear that the CR of the reflected light applied to the semi-transmissive-semi-reflective layer 11 of Example 1 is 4 or more, whereas the CR of those comparative examples is less than 2.

Similarly, according to the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective type polarizing film laminate 25 of this embodiment, since the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer 11 contains the pearl pigment 12, the semi-transmissive / semi-reflective body 1 is obtained.
The same effect as was obtained.

[0061]

The semi-transmissive / semi-reflector of the present invention comprises a support having a void therein and a semi-transmissive / semi-reflective layer which is provided on one surface of the support and has a light-transmitting material as a main component. Since it is a semi-transmissive semi-reflector and the semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer contains a pearl pigment, the light incident on the semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer is reflected by the pearl pigment. Therefore, according to the semi-transmissive / semi-reflector of the present invention, it has good light transmissivity and is excellent in the light reflection property, so that a good image contrast can be obtained when an image is recognized by ambient light. . Furthermore, the semi-transmissive-semi-reflective layer of the semi-transmissive-semi-reflector of the present invention can be formed by simply applying a coating material mainly composed of a light-transmissive material and a pearl pigment, and therefore is easy to manufacture.

The semi-transmissive semi-reflective polarizing film laminate of the present invention comprises a semi-transparent semi-reflective layer in which a pearl pigment is uniformly dispersed and oriented in a resin on one surface of a polarizing film, and a light transmittance (measured by JIS K7105). The laminated body is characterized in that protective layers having a value of 40% or more are sequentially provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a semi-transmissive semi-reflector of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a liquid crystal display provided with a semi-transmissive semi-reflector of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a semi-transmissive-semi-reflective polarizing film laminate of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a liquid crystal display equipped with a semi-transmissive-semi-reflective polarizing film laminate of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a light source in the case of measuring an image contrast ratio by transmitted light of a liquid crystal display having an improved image contrast using the semi-transmissive semi-reflector or the semi-transmissive semi-reflective polarizing film laminate of the present invention-a liquid crystal panel- It is a block diagram which showed the positional relationship of a photometer.

FIG. 6 is a light source in the case of measuring an image contrast ratio by reflected light of a liquid crystal display having an improved image contrast using the semi-transmissive semi-reflector or the semi-transmissive semi-reflective polarizing film laminate of the present invention-a liquid crystal panel- It is a block diagram which showed the positional relationship of a photometer.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 semi-transmissive semi-reflector 2 liquid crystal panel equipped with semi-transmissive semi-reflector 3 glass with antireflection film 10 support 11 semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer 12 pearl pigment 13 void 20 liquid crystal 21 glass substrate 22 glass substrate 23 polarizing film 24 Polarizing film 25 Semi-transmissive semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 101 Light source 104 Contrast ratio photometer 112 Liquid crystal laminate 212 Liquid crystal panel equipped with semi-transmissive semi-reflective polarizing film laminate 240 Polarizing film 242 Protective layer

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A semi-transmissive semi-reflective body comprising a support having an internal void and a semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer which is provided on one surface of the support and has a light-transmissive material as a main component. A semi-transmissive semi-reflective body, wherein the semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer contains a pearl pigment. 2. The semi-transmissive semi-reflector according to claim 1, wherein the light transmissive material is a material having an average simple light transmittance of 75% or more in a visible light region. 3. The average particle diameter of the pearl pigment is 1 μm to 2
The semi-transmissive-semi-reflective polarizing film laminate according to claim 1, which is in a range of 00 μm. 4. The P / B ratio of the semitransparent semireflective layer is 5/9.
It is in the range of 5 to 50/50.
The semi-transmissive semi-reflector according to the item. 5. The semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer has a thickness of 0.5 μm.
It is in the range of up to 100 μm. The semi-transmissive / semi-reflective polarizing film laminate according to claim 1 or 4, wherein 6. A semitransparent semireflective layer containing a light transmissive resin and a pearl pigment on one surface of a polarizing film, and a light transmittance (measured by JIS K7105) of 40.
% Or more of protective layers are sequentially provided, and a semi-transmissive-semi-reflective polarizing film laminate. 7. The average particle diameter of the pearl pigment is 1 μm to 2
7. The semi-transmissive-semi-reflective polarizing film laminate according to claim 6, which is in a range of 00 μm. 8. The semi-transmissive-semi-reflective polarization according to claim 6, wherein the solid content ratio of the pearl pigment and the resin in the semi-transmissive-semi-reflective layer is in the range of 5:95 to 60:40. Film laminate. 9. The semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer has a thickness of 0.5 μm.
It exists in the range of -100 micrometers, The transflective semi-reflective type polarizing film laminated body of Claim 6 characterized by the above-mentioned.