JPH0760286A - Method and apparatus for utilizing nutrient salts in closed water area - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] (Revised) [Purpose] In closed water areas where a large amount of nutrient salts flow in, by utilizing the nutrient salts that accumulate at the bottom of the water area, plants can be proliferated and the water area can be purified at the same time. [Structure] A bottomed container 5, a cultivation floor 6 mounted on the upper part of the container 5 so as to cover the entire surface of the container 5, an aqueous plant or microorganisms attached to the cultivation floor 6, and a closed water area. Bottomed container 5 containing water containing nutrients from the bottom of
Nutrients in a closed water area constituted by hoses 2a and 2b for supplying to the bottom of the container and a pump 4 and configured to cause water that has passed through a cultivation floor 6 provided above the container 5 to overflow from the container 5 and return to the closed water area. Utilization device. The cultivation bed was made of a natural stone or a porous material such as zeolite or a water-insoluble material such as polyurethane or polyethylene so that the particle diameter gradually decreases from the bottom to the top.
Further, the bottomed container 5 was provided with a downspout 10 communicating with the bottom.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention draws up and utilizes nutrient salts that have precipitated in closed water bodies such as lakes and marshes, and grows organisms such as plants, plankton, and microorganisms under aerobic conditions. The purpose of this is to purify water in closed water areas such as lakes and marshes by reducing the content of nutrient salts in the water area while cultivating the above.

[0002]

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, carbohydrates, fats,
Domestic wastewater or industrial wastewater containing organic substances such as proteins and organic acids flows in. Organic substances are oxidatively decomposed under the aerobic condition by the action of microorganisms in water and converted into inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide and phosphoric acid. However, if the amount of industrial wastewater supplied is too large, the balance becomes unbalanced and organic pollution begins, which causes the rot phenomenon due to anaerobic bacteria. As a measure to improve the pollution of these waters, oxidative decomposition method that supplies air to the lake, enzymatic decomposition method by introducing microorganisms, coagulation method that disperses a coagulant and aggregates dirt, and a filtration device The filtration purification method has been adopted.

[0003]

However, these methods were able to purify the environment by microorganisms, plankton, aquatic plants and the like when the inflow of nutrient salts into the lake was small, but the inflow of nutrient salts did not occur. If the amount is large, the oxygen content in the water area decreases and the transparency of the water also decreases, so nutrient salts accumulate at the bottom of the water area, and eutrophication in the lower part is observed. Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above drawbacks of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to utilize nutrient salts deposited at the bottom of a closed water area.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] That is, the invention according to claim 1 is a bottomed container having a cultivation floor suspended in a closed water area, and an aqueous plant planted or attached to the cultivation floor of the container,
In plankton or microorganisms, the water at the bottom of the closed water area is supplied below the cultivation bed, and the nutrient salts contained in the supplied water are planted in the cultivation bed to be used by the microorganisms and microorganisms, and the water after use is a container A method for utilizing nutrient salts in a closed water area, which continuously circulates water by overflowing from the water and returning it to the closed water area, wherein the invention of claim 1 has a bottomed container floating in the closed water area, and an upper part of the container. In, a cultivation floor mounted so as to cover the entire surface of the container, an aqueous plant planted on the cultivation bed or attached microorganisms, and water containing nutrient salts is supplied to the bottom of the bottomed container from the bottom of the closed water area. Nutrient salt in a closed water area which is composed of a hose and a pump and is configured to cause water that has passed through the cultivation floor provided at the upper part of the container to overflow from the container and return to the closed water area. It is a utilization device, and the invention according to claim 3 is configured such that the cultivation bed is made of a porous material such as zeolite or a water-insoluble material such as polyurethane and polyethylene, and the particle diameter becomes gradually smaller from the bottom to the top. The nutrient salt utilization device according to claim 4, wherein the bottomed container is provided with a vertical gutter communicating with the bottom part, and the water discharged from the pump is supplied from the upper part of the vertical gutter. Is. As a plankton to be attached to the cultivation bed, a plankton which fishes or the like living in a closed water region prefer is selected and propagated.

[0005]

In the method according to the present invention, the water having the nutrient salts at the bottom of the closed water area is introduced to the bottom of the floating container,
Aqueous plants and the like planted on the cultivation floor of the container absorb nutrient salts as nutrients for plant growth and proliferation. As a result, the water in which the concentration of nutrients has become low is returned from the container to the closed water area. By continuing the supply of such closed water to the container, the water in the closed water area is gradually purified.

In the apparatus according to the present invention, water containing nutrient salts is sucked from the bottom of the closed water area and discharged to the bottom of the floating bottomed container via the hose. Since the floating bottomed container is entirely divided by the cultivation bed, the flow of water supplied from the closed water area is suppressed, and the clear supernatant liquid is collected on the cultivation bed.

The water level of the supernatant liquid accumulated on the cultivation bed gradually rises and overflows from the peripheral portion of the bottomed container to the closed water region and returns. At this time, nutrient salts were dissolved and mixed in the water in the bottomed container, and since the water on the cultivation floor had no depth and was transparent, it was easy for sunlight to penetrate and was planted on the cultivation floor. Microorganisms or the like attached to the aqueous plant or the cultivation bed absorb and consume these nutrient salts, and grow and multiply. As a result, the water in which the concentration of nutrients has been reduced by the consumption of plants or microorganisms returns to the closed water area.

Further, in the invention of claim 3, since the material forming the cultivation bed is configured such that the particle diameter gradually decreases from the bottom to the top, the clear water on the cultivation bed becomes clearer. . Further, in the invention of claim 4, when the water in the closed water area is supplied to the bottomed container together with the air from the upper part of the downspout, oxygen is dissolved in the air flowing into the bottomed container. As a result, the oxygen content of the water that overflows and returns to the closed water area will increase, and the self-cleaning action of the water area will be promoted.

[0009]

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the whole nutrient salt utilization device of the present invention, in which 1 is a closed pump pit placed at the bottom of a closed water area, and the pump pit 1 is a stretchable hose or pipe. 2a is connected to one end, and the other end of the hose or pipe 2a is connected to the strainer 3. A submersible pump 4 is installed in the pump pit 1, and an outlet of the submersible pump 4 is connected to one end of a hose or a pipe 2b.

Numeral 5 is a bottomed container floating above the closed water area, and the bottomed container 5 is a float 5 mounted on the outer periphery thereof.
a and a cultivation floor 6 mounted so as to cover the entire surface in the upper part of the container 5, and in this embodiment, the other end of the hose or pipe 2b penetrates the cultivation floor 6 and communicates with the bottom of the container 5. is doing.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing a second embodiment of the nutrient salt utilization apparatus of the present invention. In this embodiment, a bottomed container 5 is cultivated with a pump chamber 8 via a partition plate 7. It is divided into a room 9 and a downspout 10 at the center of the cultivation room 9.
Is set upright from the bottom, and the above-mentioned cultivation floor 6 is attached so as to cover the entire surface of the cultivation room 9 excluding the vertical gutter 10. The height difference between the cultivating bed 6 and the outer peripheral edge of the container 5 is preferably about 5 to 10 cm, which is a height at which a plant can breathe, when an aqueous plant is planted. On the upper part of the downspout 10 is a neck 1.
1 is provided, and air is dissolved in the water supplied by the hose or the pipe 2b as bubbles.
The bottom of the pump chamber 8 is connected to a hose or pipe 2a extending to the bottom of the closed water area, and the other end of the hose or pipe 2b is connected to the strainer 3.

Next, FIGS. 3 and 4 show the concrete structure of the cultivation floor 6, and 12 is a wire mesh of 150 mm connected to the side wall of the cultivation room 9 or the bottomed container 5, and the wire mesh 12 A 10 mm mesh plastic net 13 is placed on the plastic net 13, and a porous material (natural stone, calcium carbonate, coral, zeolite) in the order of approximately 20 mm in particle diameter, 10 mm in particle diameter, and 5 mm in particle diameter on the plastic net 13 or The cultivation layer 14 is formed by laying synthetic materials such as polyethylene and polystyrene in layers so that the particle diameter becomes smaller from the bottom toward the top.

Aqueous plants such as water hyacinth, turf, iris, sardines, reeds, etc. are planted on the cultivating floor 6, and they serve as food for green algae such as mallow, fish cultivated in closed water areas, prawns and other organisms. Plankton and microorganisms are attached to absorb nutrients. When planting grass or the like, it is advisable to plant it on a material such as Japanese paper so that the cultivation layer 14 does not have roots.

With the above-mentioned structure, in the apparatus of this embodiment, the water containing the nutrient salts deposited at the bottom is sucked through the strainer 3 provided at the bottom of the closed water area, and then the bottomed container 5 floats. Is discharged. The discharged water passes through the cultivation floor 6 and accumulates on the cultivation floor 6 as supernatant water. The nutrient salts contained in the water discharged into the bottomed container 5 are water plants such as water hyacinth, lawn, iris, yoshi, reed, etc. planted or adhered on the cultivation floor 6, and green algae such as bluegrass,
Since it is consumed by plankton, microorganisms, etc., the supernatant water becomes water with a low content of nutrients and returns from the outer peripheral edge of the bottomed container 5 to the closed water area by overflow. Also,
The plankton that have been multiplied serve as food for the living creatures in the water,
Promotes the growth of organisms.

As a result, the content of nutrient salts in the closed water area is gradually reduced by supplying the water at the bottom of the closed water area to the bottom of the container using this device and continuing the work of overflowing the water that has passed through the cultivation bed from the container. As a result, the closed water area will gradually disappear, and the water quality will change so that the water can be self-cleaned.

Next, in the device of the second embodiment, when the water at the bottom of the closed water area is poured into the bottomed container 5, the water collides with the neck part 11 of the downspout to make a number of bubbles, and the bubbles are numerous. It is assumed to contain water.

Eventually, some of the bubbles dissolve in water and are discharged into the closed water area by overflowing from the bottomed container 5, so that the oxygen content in the closed water area increases, and nutrient salts decrease and aerobic bacteria disappear. Encourage activities. As a result, it promotes the generation of microorganisms and diatoms in the closed water area and promotes the natural purification action of water.

[0018]

As described above, the method and apparatus according to the present invention are different from the conventional ones in that a floating bottomed container is provided with a cultivation bed, and plants or microorganisms that consume nutrients are planted or attached to the cultivation bed. Therefore, the purification of water bodies is promoted while consuming nutrient salts, so that water can be purified quickly. Further, since the aqueous plants planted on the cultivation bed are continuously supplied with nutrient salts, they grow quickly and are suitable for hydroponic cultivation.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of an apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partial plan view of the structure of a cultivation bed seen through multiple stages.

FIG. 4 is a partial vertical sectional view of a cultivation bed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Pump Pit 2a, 2b Hose or Pipe 3 Strainer 4 Pump 5a Float 6 Cultivation Floor 7 Partition Plate 8 Pump Room 9 Cultivation Room 10 Downspout 11 Neck 12 Wire Mesh 13 Plastic Net 14 Cultivation Layer

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Isamu Ikemoto 2736 Sezaki-cho, Kurayoshi-shi, Tottori Prefecture Ishida Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toshihiko Ohashi 2736 Sezaki-cho, Kurayoshi-shi, Tottori Ishida Industry Co., Ltd. 72) Inventor Yoshiro Tanaka, 3-1, Kanda Surugadai 2-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 2 Hitachi Chemical Techno Plant Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takahashi alone 3-chome, Kanda Surugadai 2-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 2 Hitachi Chemical Techno Plant Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. In a bottomed container having a cultivation floor suspended in a closed water area and an aqueous plant, plankton or microorganism planted or attached to the cultivation bed of the container, the water at the bottom of the closed water area is located below the cultivation bed. , The nutrient salts contained in the supplied water are used by an aqueous plant, plankton or microorganisms planted in a cultivation bed, and the water after use is overflowed from the container and returned to the closed water area to continuously circulate the water. Method for utilizing nutrient salts in closed water areas. 2. A bottomed container floating in a closed water area, a cultivation bed attached to cover the entire surface of the container at the upper part of the container, an aqueous plant planted on the cultivation bed or attached microorganisms, Consists of a hose and a pump for supplying water containing nutrients from the bottom of the closed water area to the bottom of a bottomed container, and configured to overflow the water that has passed through the cultivation floor provided at the top of the container from the container and return it to the closed water area. An apparatus for utilizing nutrient salts in a closed water area, characterized by the above. 3. The cultivating bed is characterized in that a natural stone or a porous material such as zeolite or a water-insoluble material such as polyurethane or polyethylene is configured so that the particle diameter gradually decreases from the bottom to the top. The device for utilizing nutrient salts in a closed water body according to claim 2. 4. A bottom gutter provided with a bottom gutter communicating with the bottom,
The apparatus for utilizing nutrient salts in a closed water area according to claim 2, wherein the water discharged from the pump is configured to be supplied from an upper part of the downspout.