JPH0889178A - Processed squid liver, its manufacturing method, fish feed containing processed squid liver - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Structure] Raw squid liver as a main raw material is extruded and produced, preferably in the form of pellets or powder, and after extrusion, the squid liver is produced by crushing it into granules or powder. Goods. A fish feed comprising these processed squid liver products. It is a feed for improving the meat quality of cultured fish such as red sea bream. It is produced by extruding raw squid liver with an extruder as a main raw material. Fresh and / or frozen squid liver is used as the main ingredient. The type of squid such as mica, squid, squid, squid, and squid is not limited. [Effect] It is possible to provide a fish feed containing a large amount of oil derived from squid liver, which has a large storage stability in a short time, has a high storage stability, is highly effective in inducing feeding of fish, and is effective in promoting growth of fish. it can. Figure 3 shows the growth of red sea bream over time
(1st ward: control, 2nd ward: squid liver 15% mixed group, 3rd ward: squid liver 30% mixed group) As is clear, the growth promotion, feed efficiency and meat quality of cultured fish such as Thailand can be inexpensively achieved. Can be improved.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a processed squid liver product, a fish feed thereof, and a method for producing a processed squid liver product. More particularly, the present invention relates to a processed product of squid liver having excellent storage stability, which is produced by using raw squid liver as a raw material for extrusion, a fish feed containing the same, and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is already known that squid liver has a food-attracting effect on fish, and it is also actively used for compounded feed and the like. Generally, squid liver is squid liver powder (SLP: Squid Liver Powder).
It is used in the compounded feed in the form of r), and the raw squid liver is not used as it is in the compounded feed. As shown in Table 1 [Squid Liver (Squid Liver in Shinminato, Toyama Prefecture) (Food Analysis Center)], the water content and oil content are extremely high, and conventional processing methods It could not be formed into pellets as it was. Therefore, it is used as a compounded feed material in the form of powder such as SLP.

[0003]

[Table 1]

Generally, three types of SLP production methods are known, as described below: (1) steaming method, (2) oil frying method, and (3) self-digestion method. Since the process includes an oil pressing process, the process is complicated and takes a long time, and there is a drawback that oxidation of oils and fats in the product and decomposition of proteins are significantly advanced.

(1) Steaming method After steam is blown into the squid liver in the tank to heat and coagulate the protein, solid-liquid separation is carried out with a sharp press. The solid fraction is concentrated and adsorbed on a substrate such as defatted rice bran, defatted soybeans, and fish meal. Then, it is dried with a dryer, and the liquid fraction (oil content) separated by the sharp press is adsorbed on the powder. In this method, the treatment time is long, and since the heating step for the raw material is included, the oil content is highly deteriorated (acid value 30 to 50). The bad odor during the manufacturing process is also great. (2) Oil frying method Squid liver is fried in hot oil and ground. The characteristic of this method is that the oil content of the finished product is high (30% or more)
That is. The product has a significant odor.

(3) Self-digestion method The pH of the squid liver in a tank kept at 50 to 60 ° C. is adjusted to near neutrality, left for several hours, and self-digestion proceeds to obtain an oil in the supernatant. After removing this oil content, the solid content (paste) is adsorbed on the substrate and dried with a dryer.
The oil is used as a feed material as squid liver oil. The characteristic of this method is that the degree of deterioration of the obtained liver oil is low,
Further, it has a point that a good flavor is imparted to the SLP, but it has drawbacks such as long processing time and a tank for self-extinguishing, which makes it impossible to use a continuous system.

At the time of conversion into feed, the raw squid liver, which is a low unused raw material, is used as it is in a mixed feed by means such as oxidation of fats and oils and decomposition of proteins, promotion of growth of cultured fish, feed efficiency and meat quality. It is strongly desired to change to a compounded feed that improves the food.

[0008]

The conventional method of producing squid liver powder (SLP) has complicated steps and requires a long time. However, the present invention can be easily and quickly produced to obtain a product containing Its purpose is to suppress the oxidation of fats and oils and the decomposition of proteins.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a processed product of squid liver, which is produced by using raw squid liver as a raw material for extrusion and has excellent storage stability. Since the processed product of squid liver of the present invention is obtained by treating raw squid liver as it is with a biaxial extruder in a short time, the fat and oil contained in squid liver are extremely low in oxidation and protein decomposition is also low. It is a good quality granular material.

The present invention is an SEP containing the squid liver.
(Squid river included sof
t expansion pellet: Below, "SL
It may be abbreviated as "EP". ) Is aimed at the development of effective usage. That is, the present invention aims to provide a fish feed containing a processed squid liver product. The fish feed of the present invention is also characterized in that it has a higher feed-inducing effect on fish than that of powdered SLP, and also contains a large amount of oil derived from squid liver, thus promoting fish growth. Furthermore, the fish feed of the present invention improves the meat quality of cultured fish such as red sea bream.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing processed squid liver products in large quantities in a short time. Table 1 above
As shown in (1), squid liver having a very high water content and oil content is used as an extrusion raw material as it is, and the squid liver is directly molded into pellets.

[0012]

The present invention is a processed product of squid liver, which is produced by directly extruding raw squid liver as a main raw material. The extruder is preferably a twin-screw extruder. Therefore, the present invention is a granular product containing squid liver, which is produced by using a raw squid liver as a main raw material and using a twin-screw extruder.

Since the processed squid liver product of the present invention is obtained by treating raw squid liver as it is with a twin-screw extruder in a short time, the oil and fat contained in the squid liver are extremely low in oxidation and protein of squid. Good quality with little decomposition. The processed squid liver product can be in the form of pellets, granules, powder or the like. Pellets and powders can be produced by extrusion molding, and powders and granules can be produced by extrusion, crushing, and sizing if necessary.

Since the processed squid liver product of the present invention is obtained by processing in a short period of time, it is also characterized in that it has a higher feeding inducing effect on fish than conventional SLP of powder.
In addition, since it contains a large amount of oil derived from squid liver, it also promotes fish growth. Accordingly, the present invention provides a fish feed containing a processed squid liver. The feed containing processed squid liver used in the present invention is produced by extruding raw squid liver as a main raw material with an extruder. Fresh and / or frozen squid liver is used as the main ingredient.

The present invention is a method for producing a processed product of squid liver, which comprises extruding raw squid liver as a main raw material.
It may be directly extruded into pellets, powder, or the like, or may be extruded and then pulverized to give granules, powder, or the like. The manufacturing method will be described below.

The squid liver and the auxiliary raw materials are respectively fed into a twin-screw extruder barrel, and melted by heating and pressurizing to, for example, 180 ° C. to be organized while being extruded into the air through a die at the tip of the twin-screw extruder, and pushed. Cut to a desired length with a cutting device at the outlet and dry. When a raw material containing squid liver is added, it is kneaded, heated and pressurized in an extruder to form a uniform melt of the raw material. That is, the raw material containing raw squid liver put in the extruder is melted by high temperature and high pressure as it advances while being kneaded in the barrel, and forms a uniform molten mixture of squid liver.

This molten mixture is extruded through an extruder discharge hole (die) having at least one discharge hole at the tip of the last barrel. The particle size is controlled by cutting at the extrusion port. This is extruded into an appropriate shape, cut into an appropriate size with an extrusion port, and granulated to have a highly stable squid liver. Alternatively, after extrusion, it is dried and pulverized to give a granular or powdery form. As a feature, raw squid liver as a raw material can be directly processed in a twin-screw extruder in a short time. The processing steps are very simple and the time is short, so there is little deterioration of oils and fats and decomposition of proteins, and the product has excellent fish-inducing properties.

Furthermore, by squeezing the extrusion port,
At the time of extrusion, volatile substances such as water in the raw material are instantaneously evaporated, and the extruded raw material is solidified. In this case, the granules containing squid liver were directly manufactured using an extruder, which enabled labor saving, time reduction, and manufacturing cost reduction. That is, it is possible to produce a large amount of granules containing squid liver in a short time as long as the raw material having an arbitrary composition is supplied to the extruder. Granules containing squid liver are optionally dried at any stage.
In this case, the drying / crushing step is not essential.

The present invention uses fresh and / or frozen squid liver as a raw material. The type of squid such as mica, squid, squid, squid, and squid is not limited. The squid internal organs are fresh or frozen squid raw materials, and in the case of freezing, they are thawed before the squid liver is removed (without pots), and the meat is used as a processing raw material. In this way, the squid offal generated in the squid processing place is frozen and transported, and thawed before use.

The squid internal organs are mostly squid livers, but may also include eyeballs, beaks and the like. Eyeballs, beaks, etc. can be sorted and removed as necessary. If the factory is close to the processing area, it can be used as it is. But,
In consideration of deterioration of raw materials and production adjustment, it is preferable to use the frozen raw materials after appropriately thawing them. In order to prevent clogging of the twin-screw extruder die, the raw material needs to be crushed and made into a paste with a particle size of 1/4 or less of the die diameter. This step is performed either before or after freezing the raw materials. Since squid liver has a high water content, it can be used up to 70% in the blended raw material in consideration of the optimum extrusion cooking conditions.

As an auxiliary raw material to be added to the extruder together with raw squid liver, sugars such as starch and cellulose,
It contains proteins and their degradation products. Specifically, soft flour, strong flour, rice flour, rice bran, wheat powder, starch, gluten, soy protein, soy lecithin, fish meal, and the like, as well as fish meat, livestock meat, and minced meat thereof are optional. The selection, combination, blending ratio, etc. of each component are also arbitrary. As the fish meal, white meal, brown meal, krill meal, squid meal, etc. are used.

The water content of the raw material composition is a parameter relating to the particle size of the product, and it is necessary to adjust the water content according to the desired particle size. The water content can be adjusted by adding water from outside in addition to the water contained in the raw material. By appropriately selecting each component of the raw material, the particle size, density, surface state, hardness, color tone, flavor, etc. of the product particles can be variously changed to produce particles rich in variety.

Further, regardless of which raw material component is used, solid, powdery or liquid vitamins, minerals, flavors, antioxidants, swelling agents, thickeners, surfactants Additives such as emulsifiers and colorants can be used as appropriate. The mixing of these additives and the raw material composition may be performed in advance, or may be performed in an extruder. As described above, a raw material composition having a water content adjusted, which is a composition comprising a mixture of raw squid liver raw material and other blended raw materials and / or various additives, is used.

In the present invention, the raw material is a composition comprising raw squid liver raw material and a mixture of other blended raw materials and / or various additives, and the raw material composition having a controlled water content is placed in an extruder. After melting under high temperature and high pressure, it is extruded from the die part into a zone kept at atmospheric pressure or lower pressure, and if necessary cut by an extrusion port to obtain particles of any size. In particular, in the case where the powder is directly processed by the twin-screw extruder, the temperature and the pressure are gradually increased while the raw material is transferred in the extruder, and the temperature of the raw material reaches the maximum before the die part. Here, the raw material is in a molten state, and the water contained in the raw material is kept in a liquid state and is uniformly dispersed in the molten raw material. When an organic solvent is present, the organic solvent is in the same state as water.

In such a state, by adjusting the diameter of the extrusion port, it becomes possible to explosively introduce from the die portion into the zone maintained at atmospheric pressure or lower pressure. At the time of this discharge, the temperature of water is much higher than its boiling point, and the water, which is still in a liquid state due to pressure, vaporizes immediately when it comes out from the discharge port or die hole under atmospheric pressure or lower pressure and vaporizes. And escape from the raw material. Instantly converting water to steam in this manner instantaneously cools the raw materials as a result of the water and the raw materials releasing latent heat for vaporizing the water. In addition,
When water escapes from the raw material as a vapor, it leaves behind a jetting hole after the water inside the raw material evaporates, which allows the water to continue to evaporate and further reduces the moisture content of the raw material particles. In order to adjust the water content of the obtained raw material particles, a particle drying step is provided if necessary.

An inert gas can be introduced into the extruder in order to more uniformly disperse the raw material mixture in a molten state in the extruder and to further promote vaporization of water when discharged from the die part. . The introduction of the inert gas into the extruder can be carried out by means known in the art before the present application. The introduction of the inert gas promotes the escape of water vapor from the raw material, and as a result, the moisture content of the raw material particles can be further reduced. Therefore, the step of drying the particles can be omitted.

In the present invention, single-screw and twin-screw extruders can be used. Extruder consists of feeder, barrel, screw, die,
It consists of five heaters (or cooling units), and the characteristics of the heaters (or cooling unit) are determined by the number and shape of the screw shafts and the mutual positional relationship (in the case of multiple screws). One screw is uniaxial type, two screws are biaxial type, and the substance transfer is only by the friction between the barrel and the substance in the uniaxial type, but in the biaxial type, they rotate by meshing with each other. The pushing action and sliding action of the screw are also added. For this reason, the production capacity of the uniaxial type is also affected by the water content, oil content, pressure, etc. of the raw material, but the biaxial type is free within a certain range and is not affected by the water content, etc., and enables stable operation.

Therefore, it is preferable to use a twin-screw extruder in the present invention, since a twin-screw type extruder can be satisfactorily operated even with a high-oil content raw material such as granules containing squid liver. However, even if a uniaxial type extruder is used, it can be satisfactorily processed if the raw material water content is appropriate. Twin-screw extruders suitable for the present invention are commercially available and well known to those skilled in the art.
The temperature and pressure of the raw material are increased to almost the temperature and pressure in front of the die part by propelling the raw material along the barrel by the extruder by the mechanical force of the feed part for introducing the raw material and the screw. It includes a pressure rectifying section which is either a fixed or variable orifice such as a high compression section and a variable die.

The compressed material is then extruded and cut into a zone maintained at atmospheric pressure or lower, or rapidly expanded to form particles. The cut fine particles or dispersed fine particles are collected or classified, and further conveyed to a secondary drying device for water content adjustment. As described above, the method of the present invention advances the raw material containing water in the elongated cylinder, and applies gradually increasing pressure to the advancing raw material, gradually increases the temperature of the raw material, and lowers the temperature of the raw material from the highest pressure region in the cylinder. Extruded and cut into the low pressure area,
Alternatively, it is characterized in that the raw material is cooled by rapidly discharging it to make it into particles and vaporizing the water content of the raw material.

The raw material is fed into the feed barrel of the extruder by a feeder, and sequentially transferred forward by a screw in the barrel. At that time, it is also possible to increase the mechanical pressure and add it to the raw material so that this pressure value is always larger than the vapor pressure of the water in the raw material so that the water keeps the liquid. The screw is rotated at a relatively high speed to heat the raw material and the water contained therein. When the rotation speed of the screw is relatively large, not only the raw material can be heated quickly, but also the raw material can be sufficiently stirred while passing through the inside of the apparatus.

Further, if the water content in the raw material is always kept liquid while the raw material passes through the inside of the apparatus, the total thermal conductivity coefficient can be increased as compared with the case where it is evaporated. Further, by keeping the water content of the raw material in a liquid state during the temperature raising step, it is possible to sufficiently prevent the phenomenon that the raw material is overheated on the barrel wall, the screw surface or the shaft surface. As a result, the residence time of the raw material at the maximum temperature immediately before the die part becomes extremely short, which is hardly measurable, and the problem of charring does not occur.

Thus, the processed squid liver product obtained from the raw squid liver in a short time is a high quality product in which the fats and oils contained therein are extremely low in oxidation and the protein is not decomposed, and its characteristics such as its morphology and aroma are characteristic. It is useful as a raw material for fish feed. It has a higher feeding-inducing effect on fish than conventional powdered SLPs and contains a large amount of oil derived from squid liver, which can promote the growth of fish. In addition, like krill, it can also be used as a fishing comass (feed for fish collection).

The SLEP produced can improve the meat quality of cultured fish when used as a feed material. For example, the possibility of adding squid liver to SEP for red sea bream was investigated. When the test was carried out using 3 sections of squid liver 0 (control), 15 and 30% in the mixture of test feed ingredients, no difference was observed in growth, feed efficiency and sensory test in 3 sections, but survival was observed. The rate was better in the group to which squid liver was added. Further, the DHA content in muscle tends to increase as squid liver is added, suggesting the possibility of improving quality by adding squid liver. In terms of cost, addition of squid liver to 30% SEP made it possible to reduce it by about 10% compared to the control. Since squid liver is a low unused resource, active use of squid liver was considered desirable.

[0034]

EXAMPLES Next, examples of the present invention will be described. The present invention is not limited to the examples.

Example 1 40 parts by weight of water was supplied to a blended raw material shown in Table 2 in a Suehiro EPM α-50 type twin-screw extruder, the screw rotation speed was 150 rpm, and the barrel heater installation temperature was 150 ° C. , 200 ° C., and the treatment was performed at the installation temperature of the tip barrel of 250 ° C. The pressure at the tip is 2 kg
Was / cm ² . It was discharged from the die section under normal pressure. The temperature of the particles immediately after discharge from the extruder is 150.
° C. The particles that fell were collected to obtain granules containing squid liver. 80% of this powder has a particle size of 1 mm or less,
The average particle size was 150 μm, and the particles were spherical particles having a smooth surface.

[0036]

[Table 2]

Oils and fats were immediately extracted from this powder, and the peroxide value (POV) was measured to be 3.2 meq / k.
It was g, and deterioration of fats and oils by this method was not recognized. In addition, the granules containing the squid liver were opened at 5 ° C.
The sample was allowed to stand for 1 week, but no oxidative odor was observed, which was good.

Example 2 A fish feed of the present invention containing raw squid liver was produced using a twin-screw extruder. The biaxial extruder used was Suehiro EPM α-50. In this Example, 40 parts by weight of squid liver, 40 parts by weight of fish meal, 10 parts by weight of starch, 8 parts by weight of vegetable protein, and 40 parts by weight of raw squid liver of 2 parts by weight of vitamins and minerals were used.

As squid liver, processing residues such as mica, squid, squid, and cuttlefish were used. As the fish meal, white meal, brown meal, squid meal and krill meal were appropriately mixed and used. As starch, potato starch, corn starch and tapioca starch were appropriately mixed and used. As the vegetable protein, wheat gluten, concentrated soybean protein, wheat flour, defatted rice bran and defatted soybean meal were appropriately mixed and used. As vitamins and minerals, vitamin mix, hospitan C, and mineral mix were appropriately mixed and used. Ethoxyquine and propionic acid were used as other additives. In addition, the squid liver used was one strained with a plate having an opening diameter of 1 mm in order to prevent the die of the biaxial extruder from being clogged.

The analytical values of the squid liver mixed feed prepared by mixing the above raw materials were water 22% by weight, crude protein 37% by weight, crude fat 21% by weight, crude ash 10% by weight, and a peroxide value of 0 meq / kg. there were.

Example 3 The compounding composition shown in Table 3 below was prepared, and Suehiro EPM was prepared.
It was subjected to a d-50 type twin-screw extruder manufactured to produce squid liver granules. In this case, the squid liver was made into a paste to prevent clogging of the biaxial extruder die, and was supplied separately from the powder using a fluid pump.

[0042]

[Table 3]

As the squid liver shown in the composition, a mixture of frozen and fresh ones was used. The type was also a mixture of livers such as mica, squid, squid, cuttlefish, and squid. Fish meal is white meal, brown meal,
A mixture of krill meal and squid meal was used.
As the starch, a mixture of potato starch, corn starch and tapioca starch was used. As the vegetable protein, a mixture of wheat gluten, concentrated soybean protein, flour, defatted rice bran and defatted soybean meal was used. Ethoxyquin was used as the antioxidant. The results of analysis of each sample are shown in Table 4 below.

[0044]

[Table 4]

Example 4 Using the compounded raw materials shown in Table 5, a fish feed of the present invention was prepared in which raw squid liver was compounded using a twin-screw extruder as in Example 1.

[0046]

[Table 5]

Further, the above test sample was fed to sockeye salmon, and its growth, survival and feed efficiency were observed. Table 6 shows the test conditions. Table 7 shows the growth and survival rate of sockeye salmon during the test period. Fig. 1 shows the feed efficiency of sockeye salmon during the test period.
Shown in

[0048]

[Table 6]

[0049]

[Table 7]

From these results, it was suggested that the product of the present invention exhibits superior growth, survival rate and feed efficiency as compared with the conventional feed. In addition, after the test period, a sockeye salmon fed with the product of the present invention was subjected to a sensory test with sashimi and grilled fish. As a result, the sockeye salmon in the feed region of the present invention had an excellent taste and was significantly favored (9 panelists).

Example 5 Using Sample 1 and Sample 2 of Example 4, rainbow trout was fed, and its growth, survival rate, feed efficiency and digestibility were observed. Table 8 shows the test conditions. Table 9 shows the growth and survival rate of rainbow trout during the test period. The feed efficiency of rainbow trout during the test period is shown in FIG. Table 10 shows the digestibility of Sample 1 and Sample 2 in rainbow trout during the test period. From these results, it was suggested that the product of the present invention exhibits superior growth, survival, feed efficiency and digestibility as compared with the samples of the conventional products.

[0052]

[Table 8]

[0053]

[Table 9]

[0054]

[Table 10]

From these results, it was suggested that the product of the present invention exhibits superior growth, survival, feed efficiency and digestibility as compared with the conventional feed.

Example 6 Test method (1) Test period July 19th to October 18th, 1994 90 days (2) Test location Oita Marine Research Center (3) Test fish Red sea bream 0+ (4) Test zone No. 1 Ward: Squid liver 0% combination group (control) Second section: Squid liver 15% combination section Third section: Squid liver 30% combination section

(5) Test feed The test feed shown in Table 11 was prepared and used. A crude protein of 51% and a crude fat of 16% were prepared.

[0058]

[Table 11]

Table 12 shows the fatty acid composition of the fat in the prepared feed. The squid liver used had a DHA content of 1
Since it was 8.2%, the DHA content in the feed tended to increase as the blended amount of squid liver increased.

[0060]

[Table 12]

(6) Breeding method Table 13 shows the breeding method.

[0062]

[Table 13]

(7) Measurement As shown in Table 14, 30
60 fish were sampled arbitrarily every day, and the body length and body weight were measured. At the same time, 0, 1st month, all fish, 2,
At the third month, general and lipid analyzes of the back meat were performed. At the end of the test, feed amino acids and sensory test samples were analyzed for free amino acids. The feed efficiency and cost ratio were calculated using the following formulas.

[0064]

[Table 14]

Results 1 Breeding Results (1) Growth, Survival, Feed Efficiency Table 15 shows the breeding results of each test section. Growth is
Almost the same growth was observed in the 1st and 3rd plots, while the value was slightly lower in the 2nd plot. However, no significant difference was observed in the 3 sections. The survival rate tended to increase as squid liver was added, and the survival rate was high at 96.5% in the 3 wards. The total feeding amount was highest in the 3 wards, and was the same in the 1 and 2 wards. Feed efficiency was slightly lower in 2 wards, 92.7.
%, Whereas 1 Ward and 3 Wards were 95.3%
% And 965%.

[0066]

[Table 15]

The time-dependent growth and transition of water temperature of each test plot are shown in FIG. The water temperature during the test period was 23.7 to 26.5.
° C.

(2) Feed cost ratio The feed cost ratio per unit amount increase in each test plot is shown in FIG. The cost decreased as the squid liver was mixed, and it was possible to reduce the cost to about 90% or less of the control in the 30% squid liver mixed group.

2. Fish composition and sensory test (1) General analysis of fish (whole fish and back meat) The results of whole fish analysis on days 0 and 30 are shown in Table 16 and 60 and 90, respectively.
The results of the spine analysis on the day are shown in Table 17. 30 after starting the test
In the analysis results up to the day, a rapid accumulation of fat was seen in all fish in each plot. Especially in the abdominal cavity, it was visually accumulated. As a result of analyzing the sample of the back muscle from the 60th day to the 90th day, the fat content in the back muscle was within 3%, and no accumulation of fat with time was observed. In addition, the addition of squid liver showed no difference in the general analytical values compared to the conventional diet.

[0070]

[Table 16]

[0071]

[Table 17]

(2) Back Muscle Fatty Acid Composition Among the fatty acid compositions of the back muscle, the fluctuation of DHA was remarkable. DHA in muscle as squid liver content increases
Content increased, and after 90 days, 30% squid liver was added 3
Ward 19.2% vs. Control 1 Ward 15.
It was 3%.

(3) Free Amino Acid Composition Among the free amino acid compositions in the spine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine and alanine, which are considered to be related to taste, were examined. Table 18 shows the above four types of free amino acids occupying the spine. The amount of free amino acids did not change particularly depending on the composition of squid liver, and the total amount of free amino acids in each section was 0.057 to 0.
It was between 081%. In addition, proline was not released at all.

[0074]

[Table 18]

(4) Sensory test After 90 days of breeding, 1 group of control and squid liver 30%
A sensory test of red sea bream was conducted between the 3 wards where it was mixed. The test method was performed by 11 trained panelists using the 3-point identification preference method. The results are shown in Table 19. as a result,
There was no significant difference between the samples in sashimi and grilled fish. Therefore, the items after that could not be inspected.

[0076]

[Table 19]

1. Breeding results Of the test feeds prepared, 2 wards (containing 15% squid liver)
The crude fat content in the 1st plot was about 4% higher than that in the 1st and 3rd plots (Table 2). Liver 30%
Addition). After that, the 1st and 2nd plots (with squid liver 15% added) were compared with the 2nd and 3rd plots.

Comparison between Group I and Group 3 Although there was no difference in growth and feed efficiency between the two groups, total feed and production rate of Group 3 showed better results. This suggests that the squid liver has food-attracting properties. In addition, the 3 wards have a high survival rate,
Considered to be an excellent feed. In other words, if the general analysis values were the same, it was considered possible to improve the quality of feed by adding squid liver.

Comparison between 1 plot and 2 plots No difference was observed in the survival rate and total feeding amount. When lipids were added to produce a high-calorie feed, the total feed was generally reduced, but this was not seen in the 2nd ward, suggesting that the addition of squid liver also induces feeding. It was However, a decrease in growth and feed efficiency was seen in the 2 plots. This means that the growth and feed efficiency did not decrease from the squid liver, and the amount of crude fat in the feeds of the 2 wards was about 4% higher than the optimum composition (crude protein 51%, crude fat 16%). It was considered highly likely that this was the case.

Comparison between Districts 2 and 3 Growth, survival, total feed consumption and feed efficiency are all 3
The plot showed good results. From these results, it was considered that the addition of squid liver would increase survival and total feed amount, and it was considered important to prepare feed with the optimum composition. Therefore, a comparison of each section is summarized in Table 20.

[0081]

[Table 20]

In other words, adding squid liver can be expected to have an effect of inducing food intake and further increase survival rate, but it is necessary to add squid liver with emphasis on optimal composition as in Section 2. Thought to be.

2. Fish composition and sensory test From the results shown in Table 17, a large amount of fat was accumulated in red sea bream within 30 days after the start of the test. However, a general analysis of the back muscles on days 60 and 90 showed no accumulation of fat in the back muscles over time. Although the measurement was not performed, accumulation of fat in the abdominal cavity was visually observed, suggesting that red sea bream accumulated fat in the abdominal cavity and hardly accumulated in the back muscle. However, the fatty acid composition in the back muscles tended to increase the DHA content as the content of squid liver increased. (FIG. 5) From this, it was suggested that in the case of red sea bream, the fatty acid composition of the feed had a great effect on the fatty acid composition of muscle. That is, when squid liver was added to the feed, it became a high DHA feed, and thus the raised fish became a fish with a higher DHA than the conventional one, which was considered to lead to the quality improvement of the cultured fish. Regarding the free amino acids related to the taste in the back muscle, no difference was observed in the 3 sections, and the result was that the control product and the test product (containing squid liver 30%) could not be distinguished by the sensory test. From these facts, adding squid liver to the feed has almost no effect on taste,
Since it was suggested that quality improvement such as fatty acid vertical composition could be used, the addition of 30% squid liver reduced the feed cost to about 90% compared to the conventional feed.

[0084]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION It is possible to provide a fish feed containing a large amount of oil derived from squid liver, which has a higher effect of inducing feeding on fish than conventional powder SLPs and is effective for promoting growth of fish. It is possible to provide a method for producing a processed product of squid liver excellent in storage stability in a short time in large quantities from raw squid liver. It is possible to inexpensively improve the growth promotion, feed efficiency and meat quality of farmed fish such as Thailand.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a drawing showing feed efficiency of sockeye salmon during a test period.

FIG. 2 is a drawing showing feed efficiency of rainbow trout during the test period.

FIG. 3 is a drawing showing the growth of red sea bream over time.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a feed cost ratio per unit weight increase.

FIG. 5 is a drawing showing the proportion of DHA in the fatty acid composition.

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Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A processed product of squid liver, which is produced by extruding raw squid liver as a main raw material with an extruder. 2. The processed squid liver product according to claim 1, which is in the form of pellets. 3. The processed squid liver product according to claim 1, which is in the form of powder. 4. The processed squid liver product according to claim 1, which is further pulverized into a granule or a powder. 5. A fish feed comprising the processed squid liver product according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 6. The fish feed according to claim 5, which is a feed for improving meat quality of cultured fish. 7. A method for producing a processed product of squid liver, which comprises extruding raw squid liver with an extruder as a main raw material. 8. The method for producing a processed product of squid liver according to claim 7, which is extruded in the form of pellets. 9. The method for producing a processed squid liver product according to claim 7, which is extruded in a powder form. 10. The method for producing a processed product of squid liver according to claim 7, further comprising pulverizing into granules or powder.