JPH09268557A - Pile driving/drawing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device which has a self-traveling performance and which is simple in a structure and small in size and light in weight and small in cost and is capable of driving or drawing a pile with high accuracy without any demand for a specific skill. SOLUTION: The tip of a post-like leader 11 is pivoted relatively turnably with the tip of an arm 10 (preferably a first arm or a boom also known) of a construction vehicle or a loading vehicle, while a posture control cylinder 15 is interposingly connected between the center areas of both members. The post-like leader guides a bracket 13 so that it may rise freely while the bracket may be driven so that it may rise and fall with a punching cylinder 14. A pile chuck 19 which grips on a pile 20 is mounted on the lifting bracket 13 by way of a vibrator 18 and a turning mechanism 17. The pile can be driven and drawn by the expansion and contraction of the punching cylinder 14.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pile punching device for driving a pile into the ground or pulling a pile out of the ground, and particularly to a height of a working space due to an obstacle in the air. The present invention relates to a pile punching device having a simple structure, which is suitable for the case where there is a restriction.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a conventional pile punching machine is designed so that one end of the pile is gripped and attached, and the pile punching machine is lifted by a crane. Used to pull out driven piles. As a conventional pile driving technique different from the above, a method in which a vertical hole is excavated by an earth auger and a pile is suspended therein is also known. However, since the above-mentioned conventional pile punching machine and earth auger itself do not have a running function, it is proposed to install these pile punching equipment or earth auger as an attachment for construction vehicles or cargo handling vehicles. Has been done.

FIG. 5 shows a known example of a hydraulic pile punching machine mounted on a shovel car, and is an overall view published in the 2nd Construction Robot Symposium Proceedings of 1991 (organized by the Japan Society of Civil Engineers, etc.). Is. A first arm 1a is rotatably attached to a vehicle body of the hydraulic excavator 1 and is rotated by a first arm cylinder 2a. The second arm 1b is rotatably attached to the tip of the first arm 1a and is rotated by the second arm cylinder 2b. A third arm 1c is rotatably attached to the tip of the second arm 1b, and is rotated by a third arm cylinder 2c. An extension arm 1d is rotatably attached to the tip of the third arm 1c, and is rotated by an extension arm cylinder 2d. Regarding the names of arms, booms, etc. in excavator-type construction vehicles, the practice has not yet been established, and
In many cases, the arm is called a boom, the second arm is simply called an arm, and the third arm is called a wrist. However, since such a name causes a problem in expressing a multi-joint mechanism having four or more joints, in the present invention, the name used in the above-mentioned document (added to FIG. 5) is applied. . Therefore, in the present invention, when simply referred to as an arm, the first arm, the second arm, the third arm to the Nth arm are used.
It is a collective term for the arms (where N is a positive integer).

Pile chucks (3A, 3B) are suspended at the tip of the extension arm 1d. Specifically, when the first arm to the extension arm are in the posture of extending upward as drawn by the solid line, the pile chuck suspended at the tip of the arm is in the raised position 3A and each arm is bent as shown by the chain line. Then, the pile chuck suspended at the tip of the pile chuck becomes the lowered position 3B. To grip the upper end of a pile (not shown) with the pile chuck (raised position) 3A and press the pile into the ground, the pile chuck is vertically moved from the raised position 3A to the lowered position 3B. It has to move along the trajectory V. That is, the extension arm 1
The tip of d must be moved linearly along the virtual vertical trajectory V. In this case, the structural function of the known hydraulic pile punching machine shown in FIG. 5 can be seen as an articulated robot. At least the second arm cylinder 2b is required to move the hand of this articulated robot linearly.
And the third arm cylinder 2c must be operated in combination. It is well known that an automatic control technique has been developed because an operator is required to have a high degree of skill and an excessive mental and physical burden is imposed when the operator manually performs the above-described combined operation. .

FIG. 6 is a system diagram of a known articulated robot trajectory control system for causing the trajectory of the extension arm tip in the known hydraulic pile punching machine shown in FIG. 5 to follow along a vertical line. . The angle of each arm is detected and input to the controller, and the controller operates the two electromagnetic proportional directional flow control valves based on the command of the trajectory control lever. In this known example, the first arm 1a
While standing still in a standing state, each of the two electromagnetic proportional directional flow rate control valves controls the second arm cylinder 2b and the third arm cylinder 2c via the counter balance valve, and the vertical trajectory V ( Figure 5) is drawn.
FIG. 7 is a flow chart in the case of controlling the known hydraulic pile punching machine shown in FIG. 5 described above by the trajectory control system shown in FIG. (For details, refer to the above-mentioned article / Construction Robot Symposium Proceedings).

FIG. 8 is a known example of a pile driving device of the type in which an auger is attached to the arm of a hydraulic excavator (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-2).
No. 77217) "Fence construction pile driver", and is a side view corresponding to FIG. 1 of the publication (reference numerals in the drawings are corrected). The first arm 1a of the hydraulic excavator 1 is rotated by the first arm cylinder 2a, the second arm 1b is rotated by the second arm cylinder 2b, and the bracket 4 is rotated by the bucket cylinder 2e. Above bracket 4
Is mounted by exchanging with an excavation bucket (not shown) which is an original mounting member of the hydraulic excavator 1. The bracket 4 is fixed to the leader 5 of the auger 6. The drive portion 6a of the auger 6 is vertically guided by the reader 5 and is vertically moved by the auger propulsion cylinder 7. At the lower end of the leader 5, a landing member 9
Is rotatably attached to the shaft. The landing member 9 is grounded, and the first arm cylinder 2a, the second arm cylinder 2b, and the bucket cylinder 2e are operated to stand the leader 5 vertically. When the auger propulsion cylinder 7 presses down while rotating the auger screw shaft 6b by the auger drive unit 6a, a vertical hole (not shown) is formed in the ground
Is excavated. The pile is exchanged for the auger 6, a pile (not shown) is mounted on the leader 5, and the pile is press-fitted by the pile press-fitting cylinder 8 to drive the pile.

[0007]

The known techniques shown in FIGS. 5 and 8 are excellent inventions that have advanced the technology of the pile driver, and the known technique of FIG. 5 uses a hydraulic excavator to drive the piles. No need for advanced skill when press-fitting into the ground,
The publicly known technique of FIG. 8 makes it possible to easily and efficiently install fence piles on uneven terrain. However, the working conditions in the pile laying work are extremely diverse, and the optimum laying work can be performed under all working conditions by the known technique shown in FIGS. 5 and 8 above. Not necessarily. That is, (a) the device according to the known art of FIG. 5 includes the first to third arms and the extension arm, and the structure for supporting the pile chuck is complicated and heavy. If the control mechanism shown in FIG. 7 is used to draw the vertical trajectory V, the control system is complicated and the manufacturing cost is high. High manufacturing costs result in high construction costs. In addition, a high level of technology is required for maintenance of control equipment. (B) Since the known arm structure of FIG. 5 is complicated,
Even with the use of advanced electrotechniques, the vertical trajectory V is not perfectly straight, and in this example produces a horizontal deviation of 66 millimeters for a height of approximately 8 meters. (C) Since the arm structure of the known art shown in FIG. 5 is complicated and heavy, the stability of the hydraulic excavator 1 is deteriorated and the ground pressure of the crawler is increased, so that the rough ground running performance and the soft ground running performance are significantly reduced. Let In the first place, pile driving work is generally carried out on soft ground, so deterioration of running performance on soft ground is a serious problem. (D) Since the arm structure of the known technology of FIG. 5 is heavy, when the pile is pressed into the ground, the weight of the arm can be applied to strongly lower the pile, but when pulling out the pile, the weight of the arm is reduced. It is disadvantageous because you have to lift the stake against it. In addition, only the ground contact part of the crawler supports the reaction force of pulling out the pile, so the bottom of the hydraulic excavator floats.
In the example of this known document, the pulling load is 10 tons. (E) In the known technology of FIG. 5, there are air obstacles (for example, viaducts, transmission lines, and pipes) above the pile driving point,
If the height of the workspace is constrained to H as shown,
The length of the pile that can be driven is h ₂ shown in the figure. That is, only a pile shorter than H can be driven by h ₁ corresponding to the height dimension of the pile chuck. This is the same when pulling out the pile. (F) It is possible but not easy to press the piles obliquely instead of vertically by the known technique of FIG. The reason is as follows. When a pile (not shown) is suspended by the pile chuck 3A in the raised position, the pile naturally becomes vertical. Therefore, when the pile chuck is lowered along the vertical trajectory V, the pile in the vertical posture is press-fitted vertically downward. However, it is not easy to expose the pile press-fitting preparation state by holding the pile (not shown) suspended by the pile chuck 3A in the raised position at a desired angle with respect to the vertical line and holding it on the ground. Absent. If not impossible, maintaining a predetermined angle with high accuracy requires a high degree of skill and a great deal of labor, and is very difficult.

(G) The fence construction pile driver according to the known technology shown in FIG. 8 was created for constructing a fence for a farm or the like, and is very suitable for fence construction. Only striking is possible and the pile cannot be pulled out. In the known example (h) Figure 8, when deflated the pile press-fit cylinder 8, when the ground clearance of the lower end and h _3, the length can not be driven into the larger piles than h _3. (I) In the known example shown in FIG. 8, if the reader 5 is to be erected vertically, the expansion and contraction of the first arm cylinder 2a, the second arm cylinder 2b, and the bucket cylinder 2e must be performed in a combined manner. Takes a lot of time. (J) In the known example of FIG. 8, the second arm 1b is connected to the tip of the first arm 1a, the arm structure is large and heavy, the stability of the hydraulic excavator 1 is poor, and the running performance ( In particular, rough terrain running performance and soft ground running performance) are reduced. (K) The landing member 9 in the known example of FIG. 8 is a member that acts as a rotation fulcrum when the leader 5 is tilted,
It is not possible to support the reaction force against the ground. (However, since the machine in Fig. 8 is a pile driving machine and does not consider removing the pile, it is natural that it is not structured to receive the reaction force. And not a defect of this machine).

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and (a) has a simple, small-sized, lightweight, inexpensive structure,
(B) No special skill is required (c) At any desired angle,
You can drive the piles accurately and pull them out.
Without significantly impairing the stability and running of the mounted vehicle,
(E) An object of the present invention is to provide a pile punching device having a novel structure, which can drive and pull out a pile having a length substantially the same as the height of the working space when the pile is driven below an aerial obstacle. .

[0010]

The basic principle of the present invention created to achieve the above objects will be briefly described with reference to FIG. 1 corresponding to the embodiment. The upper end is connected to the tip of the arm 10a, and the central part of the arm 10a and the central part of the reader 11 are connected by the cylinder 15 (this forms a modified A-shaped structure as seen in FIG. 1). The elevating bracket 13 is guided by the leader 11 so as to be able to move up and down, the pile chuck 19 is supported by the elevating bracket 13, and the elevating bracket 13 is driven up and down by the punching cylinder 14. Based on the principle described above, the structure of the invention of claim 1 is such that the upper end of the columnar leader is rotatably connected to the tip of the arm of the construction vehicle or the cargo handling vehicle, and both ends of the arm are in the vicinity. Parts except
A telescopic actuator is connected between the columnar leader and a portion other than both ends of the columnar leader so that the angle formed by the arm and the columnar leader can be increased or decreased by the telescopic actuator. The pile chuck is supported by an elevating bracket guided by a leader, and the pile gripped by the pile chuck can be driven into the ground or pulled out from the ground. Although the distinction between the construction vehicle and the cargo handling vehicle is not always clear, in the present invention, the construction vehicle has a self-propelled function among the devices included in the Construction Machinery Manual issued by the Construction Mechanization Association of Japan. In the present invention, the cargo handling vehicle is a generic term for hoisting machines having a self-propelled function.

According to the invention of claim 1 described above,
Since the upper end of the columnar leader is connected to the tip of the arm, and a telescopic actuator is connected between them, even if the columnar leader is erected on the ground and held vertically, it is inclined at a desired angle. Even if it is held, the actuator can be held easily and accurately by expanding and contracting the actuator. Moreover, the columnar leader guides the pile chuck (via the bracket)
Therefore, it is possible to drive the pile straightly without requiring special skill or labor. Moreover, since the pull-out reaction force of the pile can be supported against the ground through the columnar leader,
It is possible to strongly pull out the pile regardless of the ground contact pressure and stability of the vehicle equipped with the pile punching device.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect of the invention, the arm is pivotally supported at its base end portion by a shaft horizontal to the vehicle body of a construction vehicle or a cargo handling vehicle. It is characterized by being the first arm. According to the invention of claim 2 described above, the upper end of the columnar leader is connected to the tip of the first arm (also known as boom), and the tip side arm structure such as the second arm, the third arm and the extension arm is formed. Since the arm structure is small, the arm structure is small, lightweight, and inexpensive, and it is easy to operate. Accurate operation can be performed quickly without requiring an automatic control mechanism of the arm system. No need for combined operation of hydraulic cylinders. Since the arm structure is small and lightweight, the manufacturing cost is low, and there is no risk of degrading the stability or running performance (particularly on soft ground) of construction vehicles or cargo-handling vehicles equipped with the pile punching device. .

The structure of the invention of claim 3 is the same as that of claims 1 and 2.
In addition to the above configuration, the columnar leader is a vertically long T-shaped member in which a relatively short horizontal member is fixed to an upper end portion of a relatively long vertical member, and forms the T-shaped top portion. One end of the horizontal member is pivotally attached to the tip of the arm, and a drive mechanism for moving the bracket up and down is attached to the other end of the horizontal member of the T-shaped top. According to the third aspect of the invention described above, the drive mechanism for moving the bracket up and down can be rationally arranged, and in particular, a force parallel to the columnar leader can be applied to the bracket. , It is possible to improve the accuracy of the pile driving work and improve the function. Further, by providing the short lateral member, the angle formed by the arm and the columnar leader can be reduced. When the above-mentioned angle is made smaller, the working radius of the pile driving work mechanism becomes smaller, and the stability of the entire equipment including the pile punching device and the mounted vehicle is improved. In particular, the ground pressure distribution of the mounted vehicle is substantially uniform, so that there is no fear of being buried in a soft ground.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the first to third aspects.
In addition to the configuration of the invention of claim 1, the drive mechanism for moving the bracket up and down is composed of a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder is interposed and connected between the vicinity of the upper end of the pillar-shaped leader and the bracket. It is characterized in that the above bracket can be lowered and raised. According to the invention of claim 4 described above, the bracket can be strongly reciprocated between the substantially central portion and the lower end portion of the columnar leader, and the control is easy. In addition, even if the pile chuck grips a pile of approximately the same length as the columnar leader, there is no risk of the hydraulic cylinder that is the drive member of the bracket interfering with the pile, and the height of the working space is high. It is possible to drive and pull long piles within the allowable range.

The structure of the invention of claim 5 is the same as claims 1 to 3.
In addition to the configuration of the invention described above, a drive mechanism for moving the bracket up and down by a motor via a chain and a sprocket is provided. According to the invention of claim 5 described above, the bracket can be reciprocally driven over the entire stroke from the upper end portion to the lower end portion of the columnar leader, and is almost equal to the columnar leader without re-gripping the pile by the pile chuck. A long pile can be driven in and out.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the third to fifth aspect.
In addition to the configuration of the invention of, the pile chuck supported by the bracket is attached to the bracket via a vibration exciter, and the "lifting force by the drive mechanism" is applied to the pile chuck. It is characterized in that each of the "vibration by the exciter" can be selectively applied. According to the invention of claim 6 described above, the simple press-fitting work of the pile and the vibrating pile driving work are performed in accordance with the hardness of the ground and further considering the situation of vibration pollution and noise pollution affecting the vicinity of the work place. Since the construction can be arbitrarily selected and the construction can be switched as required, the pollution-free pile punching work can be performed with the highest efficiency under given working conditions.

The invention according to claim 7 is based on any one of claims 1 to 6.
In addition to the structure of the invention of 1, the arm of the construction vehicle or the cargo handling vehicle can pivot about a vertical axis. According to the invention of claim 7 described above, by rotating the arm, the position of the columnar leader can be moved and the position of the pile chuck can be moved without traveling the construction vehicle or the cargo handling vehicle.

The structure of the invention according to claim 8 is the same as that of claims 1 to 7 above.
In addition to the configuration of the invention, the pile chuck can grip any position in the length direction of the pile from the side of the pile, and releases the gripped pile to release the pile. It is characterized by a structure that can be retracted to the side of. According to the invention of claim 8 described above, when the height of the workable space is limited due to an obstacle in the air above the place where the pile is placed, the pile is lifted without raising it high. The pile can be driven by gripping it from the side with a pile chuck. Further, when a pile driven into the ground is pulled out to the ground, the pile can be delivered to the side and transported without being lifted further upward. Furthermore, when any trouble occurs during the driving or pulling out of the pile, the grip of the pile is released if necessary, and the pile punching device is retracted to the side while leaving the pile in place. You can also

The structure of the invention of claim 9 is the same as that of claims 1-8.
In addition to the configuration of the invention described above, the pile chuck supported by the bracket is rotatable about the center line of the pile with respect to the bracket. According to the invention of claim 9 described above, when the sheet piles are arranged and driven, the work of combining the joints can be easily performed while reversing the direction of each sheet pile. Further, the work of bending or bending the line for arranging the sheet pile can be easily performed. In addition, when driving various piles, not limited to sheet piles, the pile punching device can be operated due to the presence of obstacles that interfere with the pile punching device or due to the scaffolding of the vehicle equipped with the pile punching device. Even when the position is arbitrarily moved, the direction of the driven pile can be adjusted. Moreover, even when the upper end of the driven pile is grasped and pulled out, the pile can be easily grasped by rotating the pile chuck according to the direction of the driven pile.

The structure of the invention of claim 10 is the same as that of claim 1
In addition to the configuration of the ninth aspect of the invention, a jack is arranged near the lower end of the columnar leader substantially parallel to the columnar leader. According to the invention of claim 10 described above, the lower end portion of the columnar leader can be reliably grounded via the jack to stably hold the columnar leader. Especially, the reaction force when pulling out the pile can be supported against the ground through the jack, and even if the ground is dented by the reaction force, the jack is extended to compensate the dent of the ground and suspend the work. You can continue without doing.

The structure of the invention of claim 11 is the same as that of claim 10.
In addition to the configuration of the invention of 1, the above-mentioned jack has a structure that can generate an actuating force not only in the extension direction but also in the contraction direction, and an anchor chuck for gripping a structure fixed to the ground. It is characterized by having. According to the invention of claim 11 described above, the jack can support the reaction force at the time of driving the pile against the existing structure (for example, the existing pile), so that a strong reduction penetration is possible. Is. Such a function is advantageous when the vibration pile driving work cannot be used together due to pollution or other circumstances, and the construction is inevitable due to the simple rolling down pile driving work.

The structure of the invention of claim 12 is the same as that of claim 1.
In addition to the configurations of the inventions 0 and 11, the jack is attached to a jack supporting beam fixed near the lower end of the columnar leader so that the attachment position is movable.
It is characterized in that the distance between the jack and the columnar leader can be adjusted. According to the twelfth aspect of the invention described above, the location where the jack is grounded can be arbitrarily adjusted according to the state of the ground near the point where the pile is driven in or pulled out, particularly the state of the existing pile.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the configuration according to the first aspect.
In addition to the configurations of the inventions 0 and 11, the jack is attached to a swing arm pivotally supported in a swingable manner with respect to the columnar leader, and maintains a parallel posture with respect to the columnar leader. It is characterized in that it can be moved up to. According to the invention of claim 13 described above, the same effect as the invention of claim 12 can be obtained in that the grounding location of the jack can be selected according to the ground condition near the construction point. In the thirteenth invention, particularly when the construction vehicle or the cargo handling vehicle equipped with the pile punching device moves due to the scaffolding, it is easy to select an appropriate grounding point of the columnar leader.

The structure of the invention of claim 14 is the same as that of claim 1
In addition to the configuration of the thirteenth invention, a telescopic actuator that adjusts the angle formed by the arm and the columnar leader, a hydraulic cylinder that moves the bracket up and down, a motor that moves the bracket up and down, the pile chuck, And at least one of the jacks is supplied with pressure oil from a hydraulic pump mounted on the construction vehicle or the cargo handling vehicle, and is operated by a hydraulically operated valve installed on the construction vehicle or the cargo handling vehicle. Characterized by being operated. According to the invention of claim 14 described above, at least any one (preferably all) of the equipment for punching the pile receives the supply of the pressure oil from the vehicle in which the equipment is installed, so that the dedicated hydraulic pressure is used. It does not require a source and is cheap to manufacture. Furthermore, since the structure is such that the hydraulically operated valve of the mounted vehicle is used, the operator of the pile punching operation can perform the pile punching operation in the driver's seat of the mounted vehicle or It is convenient because it can be operated, and the labor of the operator can be reduced and the work efficiency can be improved.

[0025]

1 is a side view showing a pile punching device according to one embodiment of the present invention, in which a columnar leader is partially cut away. 10 is a construction vehicle or a cargo handling machine
An example of an excavator car is an excavator also called a hydraulic excavator or a backhoe, in which a swing frame is mounted on a crawler type track frame. ZZ is the turning center line of the turning frame, and when the track frame is grounded on the horizontal ground, the turning center line ZZ is a vertical line. When practicing the present invention,
The vehicle is not limited to the crawler type vehicle, and may be a wheel type vehicle, or may be a type that travels on a rail. A first arm (also called a boom) 10a is pivotally supported by a horizontal first arm shaft 10b with respect to a turning frame of the shovel car 10. As a result, on the horizontal ground, the first arm 10a turns up and down in a virtual vertical plane. 10c is the first for undulation drive
It is an arm cylinder.

A columnar leader 11 has a columnar portion 11a having a structure similar to that of a mast of a forklift,
A T-shaped top portion 11b composed of a short lateral member is fixed to form a vertically long T-shape. The upper end of the columnar leader 11, more specifically, the left end in the figure of the T-shaped top 11b and the tip of the first arm 10a are connected by a horizontal shaft. The attitude control cylinder 15 is interposed between the central portion of the first arm 10a and the central portion of the columnar portion 11a. The vicinity of the central portion has a broad meaning, and is not limited to the geometrical phrase "center", but means "a region excluding both ends". When carrying out the present invention, an appropriate telescopic actuator may be used in place of the attitude control cylinder 15, but it is preferable to use a hydraulic cylinder. The columns 12a of the columnar leader 11 guide the rollers 12a and 12b pivotally mounted on the lifting bracket 13 so as to be able to move up and down, and between the right end of the T-shaped top 11b shown in the figure and the lifting bracket 13. A punching cylinder 14 composed of a hydraulic cylinder is connected to the above. As a result, the bracket 13 is moved up and down as the punching cylinder 14 expands and contracts. Pile chuck 19 is attached to the lifting bracket 13
Is attached. As a result, the lifting bracket 1
The pile 20 gripped by the column chuck 19 is pulled out from the ground or pressed into the ground as the column 3 is moved up and down.

In this embodiment, a pile chuck 19 is attached to the elevating bracket 13 via a vibration exciter 18. According to this structure, the pile 20 can be pulled out or driven in while vibrating the pile 20 as needed. That is, when the ground is relatively soft and there is a possibility of causing troubles with respect to vibration pollution, the pile is driven and pulled out by the hydraulic pressure of the punching cylinder 14 while the exciter 18 is stopped, and When the ground is relatively hard, punching is performed while giving vibration within the limit that does not cause pollution problems. In the present embodiment, the punching cylinder 14 made of a hydraulic cylinder drives the lifting / lowering movement of the lifting / lowering bracket 13. Therefore, the lifting / lowering stroke of the lifting / lowering bracket 13 is about ½ of the height of the columnar reader 11. Which is about 1/2 of the pile 20. Therefore, the pile chuck 19 grips an arbitrary part of the pile 20 from the side and strikes (or pulls out) only a stroke of 1/2 of the length of the pile 20 and then grips the pile again, and then the remaining 1 /
Stroke (or pull out) 2 strokes to punch the entire length of the pile. In order to perform such an operation, the pile chuck 19 can grasp any portion of the pile 20 from its side and grasp it, or can release the grasp and retreat relatively to the side. .

Although the lifting drive mechanism for the lifting bracket 13 in the embodiment of FIG. 1 is the punching cylinder 14 which is a hydraulic cylinder, it may be driven by a motor through a chain and a sprocket instead of the hydraulic cylinder. When the chain drive is applied as described above, the pile chuck 19 attached to the lifting bracket 13 can be reciprocally driven over the entire stroke corresponding to the height dimension of the columnar leader 11. However, even if the lifting stroke length of the pile chuck 19 is substantially the same as the height dimension of the columnar leader 11, the pile chuck 19 grips and releases any part of the pile 20 from the side of the pile 20 as described above. It is desirable to configure so that it can. The reason for this is, for example, that there is a viaduct above the pile driving point, or that work in high places is restricted by the provisions of the Civil Aeronautics Law.
If it cannot be lifted above the height of 1, it is necessary to be able to grip any part of the loaded pile from its side. The structure in which the grip can be relatively approached to the pile from the side is also a structure in which the grip can be released and relatively separated from the side. This is also effective when the pile punching device has to interrupt the work and evacuate during the punching work of the pile for some reason. As mentioned above, the reason why the height of the work space is limited is
For example, if it is a local one such as an expressway (see FIG. 1), the excavator car 10 should be used together with the turning frame to
The arm 10a is swiveled around the central axis Z-Z, and the pile lifted by a tall crane is received and gripped by the pile chuck 19 at a place where there is no height restriction.
It is also effective to set the pile at the driving point by restoring 0a.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the joints formed on the side edges of each of the multiple sheet piles are arranged while being combined with each other. Sheet pile 21a-2
In order to arrange 1e as shown in FIG. 2, it is necessary to invert the sheet piles that are adjacently joined to each other by 180 degrees (for example, the sheet pile 21b and the sheet pile 21).
c is opposite to 180 degrees in the plan view). Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, the exciter 18 supporting the pile chuck 19 is attached to the lifting bracket 13 via the turning mechanism 17. FIG. 3 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing a main part of the swivel mechanism shown in FIG. The inner ring 17a supports the exciter via a cushioning member (synthetic rubber) not shown. The outer ring 17b is supported by the lifting bracket 13. Flanges 17c and 17d are fixed to the upper end and the lower end of the inner ring 17a, respectively. The roller 17e axially attached to the outer ring 17b supports the load in the radial direction, and the ball 17f rotatably half-buried and held in the outer ring 17b supports the load in the thrust direction. The inner ring 17a is rotatably supported. 17g is a turning gear for rotationally driving the inner ring 17 described above.

Reference numeral 16 shown in FIG. 1 is a jack provided with a shoe 16a. The jack 16 of this embodiment is a single-acting type and is fixed to the lower end of the columnar leader 11 in parallel with the columnar leader, and supports the reaction force against the ground when the pile 20 is pulled out from the ground. It is like this. If the ground dents due to the reaction force and the shoe 16a sinks, the original state can be maintained by extending the jack 16 by the sinking dimension. When the hardness of the ground is uniform and there are no other obstacles, the jack 16 as shown in Fig. 1 can support the pull-out reaction force of the pile, and even when driving the pile, it is necessary to prepare for work. When standing the columnar reader 11 on the ground,
The columnar leader 11 can be set in a stable state by grounding the shoe 16a. When setting the columnar leader 11 as described above, the columnar leader 11 may be set as necessary.
Can also be set at an angle relative to the vertical direction. In this case, the tilt angle is adjusted by expanding and contracting the attitude control cylinder 15.

In the case where there is an obstacle on the ground near the construction point of the pile or there is a soft spot and the grounding spot of the shoe 16a must be selected, or the reaction force for rolling down the pile is supported. When it is necessary, the mounting structure of the jack 16 as shown in FIG. 1 is improved and implemented. FIG.
Shows four types of embodiments relating to jacks, (A)
Is a schematic sectional front view depicting the same case as FIG. 1 above, (B) is a schematic sectional front view depicting a case of slidably supporting, and (C) is a pressure at the time of press-fitting a pile. FIG. 3D is a schematic sectional front view showing a case of supporting, and FIG. 6D is a plan view schematically showing a case of supporting by a swivelable arm. In the embodiment of FIG. 4 (A), two jacks 16 each provided with a shoe 16 a are attached to the columnar leader 1.
The columnar leader 11 is fixed to both sides of the lower end of the column 1 in parallel. According to this embodiment, the set of the columnar leader 11 can be reliably supported and the pull-out reaction force of the pile can be supported against the ground. Further, when the pile is press-fitted into the ground, the jack 16 does not receive the press-fitting reaction force of the pile, but the jack has the following function. Ie (see Figure 1)
In order to accurately determine the driving position of the pile 20, first, the position of the columnar leader 11 with respect to the ground must be accurately determined. At this time, the jack 16 is contracted to make the shoe 16a.
To move the shovel car 10 away from the ground,
After the position of the columnar leader 11 is roughly determined by the turning operation around the Z axis, the position of the columnar leader can be precisely determined by expanding and contracting the attitude control cylinder 15 (however, the precision here means , It is more accurate than the general tolerance in pile construction work). In the conventional arm-mounted pile driver (for example, FIGS. 5 and 8), when the arm cylinder is expanded and contracted, the arm angle greatly changes, so precise positioning is not easy, but the attitude control of the present embodiment is not possible. Since the cylinder 15 is arranged “between the central portion of the first arm 10a and the central portion of the columnar portion 11a of the leader”, the columnar leader 11 is extended and contracted by the posture control cylinder 15 to expand and contract. The tilting operation is performed with a small angle around the center, and its position and posture (tilt angle) are precisely adjusted with respect to the ground. In this way, the columnar reader 1
When the jack 16 is extended and the shoe 16a is grounded after the position of 1 and the angle with respect to the earth are determined as predetermined, the pillar-shaped reader 11 is fixed to the ground without stopping. It is possible,
In this operation, the preset position and posture are not disturbed.

In many cases, the ground surface of the pile driving work site is irregular, and in addition, there are permanent structures and temporary structures, and the grounding point of the shoe 16a of the jack is often restricted. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4B, the columnar reader 11
Secure a horizontal beam 22 for jack support near the lower end of
The jack 16 is attached so as to be movable in the horizontal direction with respect to the support beam and to maintain a posture parallel to the columnar leader 11. However, the above-mentioned support beam 22 being horizontal is an explanation assuming that the columnar reader 11 is held vertically. The reaction force when pulling out the pile (see FIG. 1) can be supported by the weight of the shovel car 10, and can be supported more reliably by using the shoe 16a together. Further, the reaction force when the pile is press-fitted can be supported by the weight of the shovel car 10, but in order to support the pile driving reaction force more securely, the anchor chuck 16b is attached to the lower end of the jack 16 as shown in FIG. 4 (C). And good. In this embodiment, an anchor chuck having a structure capable of gripping the top of the existing pile is provided. In this way, when supporting the force (reaction force) that the columnar leader 11 tends to be lifted, the jack 16 must have a structure that can exert not only the extension force but also the contraction force.

As described above, there are many cases where various obstacles are present on the ground surface of the pile driving work site or irregularly. For this reason (see FIG. 1), there are many cases in which the ground on which the shoe 16a is installed must be selected, but in some cases, the location of the shovel car 10 cannot directly face the driving position of the pile 20. In such a case, it is convenient to provide the turning mechanism as described above with reference to FIG. 3 and to have the structure in which the jack 16 is supported by the turning arm 23 as shown in FIG. The swivel arm 23 is pivotally supported near the lower end of the columnar leader 11 by a shaft parallel to the columnar leader 11 so as to swing and tilt like arc arrows ab and a'-b '. 16 is fixed near the free end of the swivel arm 23 and is supported in parallel with the columnar reader 11.

(See FIG. 1) In the pile punching device of the present embodiment, the first arm cylinder 10c, the attitude control cylinder 15, the punching cylinder 14, and the jack 16 are hydraulic equipment, and the shovel car 10 is provided. The pressure oil discharged by the hydraulic pump mounted on the vehicle is supplied via a hydraulic operation valve provided in the driver's seat of the shovel car 10, and the operator can operate these pressure oils in the driver's seat of the shovel car. It is possible to control hydraulic equipment. The exciter 18 and the pile chuck 19 are also hydraulic in the present embodiment, driven by the discharge oil of the hydraulic pump of the shovel car 10 and operated by the operation valve of the shovel car 10. As described above, when the equipment for driving the pile is hydraulic, and when the pressure oil is supplied from the shovel car 10, it is not necessary to provide a dedicated hydraulic source, so that the manufacturing cost is low and the work area is moved. In this case, the equipment mounted on the shovel car is transported along with the self-propelled movement of the shovel car, and the preparation of the space for installing the hydraulic power source equipment on the ground is not troublesome, which is advantageous. When carrying out the present invention, an electric device can be used as a component of the pile punching device, and a hydraulic device and an electric device can be used together,
When the mounted vehicle is hydraulically operated, it is economically advantageous to use as many hydraulic devices as possible to receive hydraulic pressure from the mounted vehicle. For the same reason, when the construction vehicle or the cargo handling vehicle, which is the mounted vehicle, is an electric type, it is desirable to receive electric power from the mounted vehicle by using as many electric devices as the constituent devices of the pile punching device.

[0035]

According to the invention of claim 1, the upper end of the columnar leader is connected to the distal end of the arm, and the structure and function of the embodiment of the present invention are clarified. Since a telescopic actuator is connected between the two, the telescopic operation of the actuator can be performed regardless of whether the columnar reader is held upright on the ground and held vertically or with a tilt at a desired angle. Can be easily and accurately held. Furthermore, since the pile chuck is guided by the columnar leader (via the bracket), the pile can be driven straight in without requiring special skill or labor. Moreover, since the pull-out reaction force of the pile can be supported against the ground through the columnar leader, the pile can be pulled out strongly regardless of the ground contact pressure and stability of the vehicle equipped with the pile punching device. You can

According to the invention of claim 2, the upper end of the columnar leader is connected to the tip of the first arm (also known as boom), and the tip side arm structure such as the second arm, the third arm and the extension arm is provided. Since there is no intervention, the arm structure is small, lightweight, and inexpensive, and it is easy to operate. Accurate operation can be performed quickly without the need for an automatic arm system control mechanism. Does not require complex cylinder operation. Since the arm structure is small and lightweight, the manufacturing cost is low, and there is no risk of degrading the stability or running performance (particularly on soft ground) of construction vehicles or cargo-handling vehicles equipped with the pile punching device. .

According to the invention of claim 3, the drive mechanism for moving the bracket up and down can be rationally arranged, and in particular, a force parallel to the columnar leader can be applied to the bracket. It is possible to improve the accuracy of the pile construction work and improve the function. Further, by providing the short lateral member, the angle formed by the arm and the columnar leader can be reduced. When the above-mentioned angle is made smaller, the working radius of the pile driving work mechanism becomes smaller, and the stability of the entire equipment including the pile punching device and the mounted vehicle is improved. In particular, the ground pressure distribution of the mounted vehicle is substantially uniform, so that there is no fear of being buried in a soft ground.

According to the invention of claim 4, the bracket can be strongly reciprocated between the substantially central portion and the lower end portion of the columnar leader, and the control is easy. In addition, even if the pile chuck grips a pile of approximately the same length as the columnar leader, there is no risk of the hydraulic cylinder that is the drive member of the bracket interfering with the pile, and the height of the working space is high. It is possible to drive and pull long piles within the allowable range.

According to the invention of claim 5, the bracket can be reciprocally driven over the entire stroke from the upper end portion to the lower end portion of the columnar leader, and the length is almost equal to that of the columnar leader without re-gripping the pile by the pile chuck. You can drive and pull out the piles of.

According to the invention of claim 6, the simple press-fitting work of the pile and the vibrating pile driving work are arbitrarily performed depending on the hardness of the ground and further considering the situation of vibration pollution and noise pollution near the work site. Since it can be selected and constructed, and can be switched as needed, the pollution-free pile punching work can be performed with the highest efficiency under given working conditions. According to the invention of claim 7, by turning the arm, the position of the columnar leader and the position of the pile chuck can be moved without traveling the construction vehicle or the cargo handling vehicle.

According to the invention of claim 8, when the height of the workable space is limited due to the presence of an obstacle in the air above the place where the piles are placed, the piles are not lifted high and the piles are moved to the side. The pile can be driven by grasping it with a pile chuck from one side. Further, when a pile driven into the ground is pulled out to the ground, the pile can be delivered to the side and transported without being lifted further upward. Furthermore, when any trouble occurs during the driving or pulling out of the pile, the grip of the pile is released if necessary, and the pile punching device is retracted to the side while leaving the pile in place. You can also Claim 9
According to the invention of claim 1, when the sheet piles are arranged and driven, 1
It is possible to easily perform the work of combining the joints while reversing the direction for each piece. Further, the work of bending or bending the line for arranging the sheet pile can be easily performed. In addition, when driving various piles, not limited to sheet piles, the pile punching device can be operated due to the presence of obstacles that interfere with the pile punching device or due to the scaffolding of the vehicle equipped with the pile punching device. Even when the position is arbitrarily moved, the direction of the driven pile can be adjusted. Moreover, even when the upper end of the driven pile is grasped and pulled out, the pile can be easily grasped by rotating the pile chuck according to the direction of the driven pile.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the lower end portion of the columnar leader can be reliably grounded via the jack to stably hold the columnar leader. Especially, the reaction force when pulling out the pile can be supported against the ground through the jack, and even if the ground is dented by the reaction force, the jack is extended to compensate the dent of the ground and suspend the work. You can continue without doing. According to the invention of claim 11, since the reaction force at the time of driving the pile can be supported by the existing structure (for example, the existing pile) by the jack, a strong reduction penetration is possible. Such a function is advantageous when the vibration pile driving work cannot be used together due to pollution or other circumstances, and the construction is inevitable due to the simple rolling down pile driving work. According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, the location where the jack is grounded can be arbitrarily adjusted according to the state of the ground near the point where the pile is driven in or pulled out, particularly the state of the existing pile.
According to the invention of claim 13, the same effect as the invention according to claim 12 can be obtained in that the grounding location of the jack can be selected according to the ground condition near the construction point.
In the invention of claim 13, particularly, when the construction vehicle or the cargo handling vehicle equipped with the pile punching device moves due to the scaffolding, it is easy to select an appropriate grounding point of the columnar leader. .

According to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, at least one (preferably all) of the equipment for punching out the piles.
However, since pressure oil is supplied from a vehicle equipped with this, a dedicated hydraulic power source is not required, and the manufacturing cost is low.
Furthermore, since the structure is such that the hydraulically operated valve of the mounted vehicle is used, the operator of the pile punching operation can perform the pile punching operation in the driver's seat of the mounted vehicle or It is convenient because it can be operated, and the labor of the operator can be reduced and the work efficiency can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 shows an embodiment of a pile punching device according to the present invention,
It is sectional drawing which fractured and drawn some columnar leaders.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which joints formed on the side edges of a large number of sheet piles are arranged while being combined with each other.

FIG. 3 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view showing a main part of the swivel mechanism shown in FIG. 1 and being partially broken.

FIG. 4 shows four embodiments of jacks,
(A) is a schematic sectional front view showing the same case as FIG. 1 above, (B) is a schematic sectional front view showing a case of slidably supporting, (C) is a press-fitting of a pile 2D is a schematic cross-sectional front view illustrating a case of supporting the pressure of FIG. 3D, and FIG. 7D is a plan view schematically illustrating a case of supporting the pressure of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a general view showing a known example of a hydraulic pile punching machine mounted on an excavator car and published in a collection of papers of the 2nd Construction Robot Symposium in 1991 (organized by the Japan Society of Civil Engineers, etc.).

6 is a system diagram of a known articulated robot trajectory control system for causing the trajectory of the extension arm tip portion in the known hydraulic pile punching machine shown in FIG. 5 described above to follow a vertical line.

7 is a flowchart for controlling the known hydraulic pile punching machine shown in FIG. 5 described above by the trajectory control system shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 shows a known example of a pile driving device in which an auger is attached to an arm of a hydraulic excavator (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-277217, “Pile driver for fence construction”, and corresponds to FIG. 1 of the publication. It is a side view (the drawing number has been corrected).

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Hydraulic excavator, 1a ... 1st arm, 1b ... 2nd arm, 1c ... 3rd arm, 1d ... Extension arm, 2a ... 1st arm cylinder, 2b ... 2nd arm cylinder, 2c ... 3rd arm cylinder, 2d ... extension arm cylinder, 2e ... bucket cylinder, 3A ...
Pile chuck raised position, 3B ... Pile chuck lowered position,
4 ... Bracket, 5 ... Leader, 6 ... Auger, 6a ... Auger drive part, 6b ... Auger screw shaft, 7 ... Auger propulsion cylinder, 8 ... Pile press-fitting cylinder, 9 ... Landing member, 10 ...
Shovel car, 10a ... 1st arm, 10b ... 1st arm shaft, 10c ... 1st arm cylinder, 11 ... Columnar leader, 11a ... Columnar part, 11b ... T-shaped head, 12a, 1
2b ... Roller, 13 ... Lifting bracket, 14 ... Punching cylinder, 15 ... Attitude control cylinder, 16 ... Jack, 16
a ... shoe, 16b ... anchor chuck, 17 ... turning mechanism, 17a ... inner ring, 17b ... outer ring, 17c, 17d ... flange, 17e ... roller, 17f ... ball, 17g ... turning gear, 19 ... pile chuck, 20 ... pile , 21a-21
e ... sheet pile, 22 ... jack support beam, 23 ... swivel arm.

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. An upper end of a columnar leader is rotatably connected to a tip of an arm of a construction vehicle or a cargo handling vehicle, and a portion except near both end portions of the arm and both end portions of the columnar leader are excluded. A telescopic actuator is connected between the elevating and lowering bracket, and the angle formed between the arm and the columnar leader is increased or decreased by the telescopic actuator, and is guided by the columnar leader. The pile punching device is characterized in that the pile chuck is supported by and the pile gripped by the pile chuck can be driven into the ground or pulled out from the ground. 2. The arm according to claim 1, wherein the arm is a first arm whose base end is pivotally supported by a shaft horizontal to a vehicle body of a construction vehicle or a cargo handling vehicle. Pile punching device. 3. The columnar leader is a vertically long T-shaped member in which a relatively short horizontal member is fixed to an upper end portion of a relatively long vertical member, and the T-shaped top portion is formed. One end of the horizontal member is pivotally attached to the tip of the arm, and a drive mechanism for moving the bracket up and down is attached to the other end of the horizontal member of the T-shaped top. The pile punching device according to claim 1 or 2. 4. A drive mechanism for moving the bracket up and down is composed of a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder is interposed and connected between the vicinity of the upper end of the columnar leader and the bracket, and the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder causes the hydraulic cylinder to move. The pile punching device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bracket can be lowered and raised. 5. The pile punching according to claim 1, further comprising a drive mechanism for moving the bracket up and down by a motor via a chain and a sprocket. apparatus. 6. The pile chuck supported by the bracket is attached to the bracket via a vibration exciter, and the “lifting force by the driving mechanism” and the “mounting force of the driving mechanism” are applied to the pile chuck. 6. The pile punching device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that it can be selectively applied with "vibration by a vibration exciter". 7. The pile punching device according to claim 1, wherein an arm of the construction vehicle or the cargo handling vehicle can pivot about a vertical axis. . 8. The pile chuck can grip any position in the length direction of the pile from the side of the pile, and releases the gripped pile to the side of the pile. The pile punching device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the pile punching device has a structure that can be retracted to. 9. The pile chuck supported by the bracket is rotatable about the center line of the pile with respect to the bracket. Pile punching device described in. 10. The pile punching according to claim 1, wherein a jack is arranged in the vicinity of a lower end portion of the columnar leader substantially parallel to the columnar leader. apparatus. 11. The jack has a structure capable of generating an actuating force not only in the extension direction but also in the contraction direction,
11. An anchor chuck for gripping a structure fixed to the ground is provided.
Pile punching device described in. 12. The distance between the jack and the columnar leader is movably attached to a jack supporting beam fixed near the lower end of the columnar leader, the attachment position being movable. The pile punching device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that it can be adjusted. 13. The jack is attached to a swivel arm pivotably supported in a swinging manner with respect to a columnar leader so that the jack can be moved while maintaining a parallel posture with respect to the columnar leader. The pile punching device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that 14. A telescopic actuator that adjusts an angle formed by the arm and the columnar leader, a hydraulic cylinder that raises and lowers the bracket, a motor that raises and lowers the bracket, the pile chuck, and the jack. At least one of which is supplied with pressure oil from a hydraulic pump mounted on the construction vehicle or the cargo handling vehicle, and is operated by a hydraulically operated valve installed on the construction vehicle or the cargo handling vehicle The pile punching device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein