JPH02302106A - Plate line - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the aperture efficiency by constituting a power radiation slot while its size is gradually increased or decreased so as to increase the coupling rate with an inner electric field from the power supply aperture toward the end thereby uniformizing a power aperture distribution while avoiding complicated structure. CONSTITUTION:A guide space S is formed by a couple of metallic plates 2, 3 arranged opposite to each other with an interval and plural power radiation slots 2a are arranged to the metallic plate 2. Moreover, a coaxial line 8 as a feeding means connects to a feeding aperture 1 provided to nearly middle of the metallic plate 3. When a wave delay means is arranged in the waveguide space S. The power radiation slot 2a is provided in a way that the size (width or length) of the power radiation slot 2a is gradually increased from the side of the feeding aperture 1 toward the circumferential ridge of the metallic plates 2, 3. Moreover, the slot interval in the radial direction is set as Sr1>Sr1> Sr1>.... In the circular waveguide channel constituted in this way, after the feeding power is fed in the guide space S, the power is propagated therein and radiates into free space from the slot 2a.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a flat plate line suitable for use in communication antennas, broadcasting antennas, and the like.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, as a circular waveguide line, one in which a power radiation slot of a certain size is provided in a metal plate at the elbow is known.

An example of this is shown in Fig. 10. In this case, the power supplied from the power supply opening 1 as the power supply opening in the center is transmitted through a conductor formed by a pair of metal plates 2 and 3. While propagating axially symmetrically in the wave space S, the power is gradually radiated from each power radiation slot 2a, and the remaining power is absorbed by the terminating resistor 6. In the case of this circular waveguide, the throwers 2a are arranged concentrically and are cross-shaped slots of the same size. In such a device, when a circular waveguide 11 serving as a power feeding means is attached with a circular medullary wave generator and power is supplied, circularly polarized waves are emitted in the same phase.

In addition, there is a similar structure with a different shape and arrangement of power radiation slots, which is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-876Q3. Even in this circular waveguide mvi, the first
1.12 As shown in Figure 12, the power supplied from the power supply +11'1 port 1 of the medium heat section is propagated axially symmetrically in the waveguide space S formed by a pair of metal plates 2゜3. Then, the power is gradually radiated from the power radiation slot 2a, and the remaining power 1'th
, are absorbed by the terminating resistor 6.

As shown in FIG. 12, the thrower (2a) in this circular waveguide has an angle of -elbow slot of 90° (j), and the thrower (2a) has a radial direction with respect to the pipe wavelength λg in the waveguide space S. They are arranged so as to maintain a distance of 1/4. In this way, one slot pair generates circularly polarized waves.

Furthermore, these slot bears are provided along the spiral shown by the two-dot chain line S, so that the radio waves synthesized by all the slots 2u provided in the metal plate 2 are also synthesized as circularly polarized waves. Become.

In addition, in the device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-32205 shown in FIG.
Now, the gap 17id between the 3IIc#Jt peripheral wall 4 and the peripheral edge of the intermediate metal plate 5 is used to wrap around the upper/first part of the waveguide space S2, as shown in FIG. The power is radiated in the same phase from the arranged power radiation population y) 2a.

Also, later, this Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 59-32205 il1
Based on this description, JP-A-60-199201~
Publication No. 199203, wait rW! l+! 60-20060
Invention self-described in Publication No. 2 or Japanese Patent Application No. 13623/1986
Inventions such as Nos. 0 to 136232 have been made.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

By the way, in the conventional circular waveguide as described above, the internal electromagnetic field density is low in inverse proportion to the distance r from the power supply opening 1 provided in the medium heating part, as shown in FIG. The internal electromagnetic field is coupled to the power radiation population 2a and radiated into free space as radio waves, and the staircase as shown in the song #ilP,... It becomes a characteristic of the state.

As a result, the power aperture distribution is not uniform as shown in Fig. 14, and there is a problem that the aperture efficiency deteriorates.
! There is also the problem that the influence on the i part is large and higher-order modes occur.

In addition, in the method described in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 59-32205, which attempts to solve such problems, an intermediate metal plate 5 is provided in the waveguide space to transfer power from the lower layer to the upper layer. The internal type Ia! 71L density is p
As shown in Fig. tS16, the characteristics are relatively flat, and the power distribution can be brought closer to a uniform distribution as shown in Fig. 17. However, on the other hand, the power supply to the waveguide space Another problem arises in that the supplied power is reflected at the power feeding section where the power is transferred from the lower layer to the upper layer.

Therefore, in the method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 80-1992+11, as shown in FIG. 18, a tapered straightening section 7 is provided in the power supply section, and metal splitting j! ! The cross-sectional shape of 4 is made circular or polygonal so that the power supply '1 can go around from the lower layer to the upper layer without being reflected. There are problems in that it is difficult to use and costs are high.

The present invention attempts to solve these problems by fundamentally changing the size and arrangement of the power radiation slots, thereby uniformizing the power IJ distribution while avoiding the congestion of side streets. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a flat @ rope route which is designed to improve the opening efficiency.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the flat plate line of the present invention includes a pair of metal plates that are arranged facing each other and separated from each other to form a waveguide space inside, and a metal plate of the same pair. consisting of a power radiation slot formed on one side, a power supply opening formed on either one of the pair of metal plates, and a power supply means for supplying power into the waveguide space,
The size of the power radiation slot is formed so that the power O (gradually increases from the supply opening side toward the peripheral edge/ It is characterized in that the arrangement interval in the direction toward the edge is set so that it gradually decreases toward the same peripheral edge.

In addition, the flat plate line of the present invention includes a pair of metal plates that are arranged facing each other and separated from each other to form a waveguide space inside, and a power source formed on one of the metal plates of the same pair. A radiation slot, a power g formed in either one of the pair of metal plates (consisting of a ship opening and a power supply means for supplying power into the waveguide space, and the power radiation g formed in either one of the pair of metal plates) In the case of the right side characteristic of the resonator, the width is formed so as to gradually decrease from the power supply opening side toward the peripheral edge side, and the power radiation slot/throat is formed so as to gradually decrease toward the peripheral edge side. A feature is that the arrangement interval is set to gradually increase toward the same peripheral edge.

[For production]

In the above-described flat plate line of the present invention, when power is supplied to the waveguide space by the power feeding means, the power is radiated through the power radiation slot whose size and location are set so as to obtain a predetermined power aperture distribution. An 11-mi operation is performed in which power of the same phase and the same J&1m is radiated into free space.

〔Example〕

Next, an explanation will be given of an embodiment of the present invention. Figs. 1 to 7 show a flat plate single line as a ptS1 embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional perspective view of the central part thereof, and Fig. 2 is its top plan view, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of its operation, Fig. 1j44 is a graph showing the power aperture distribution in the longitudinal section, Fig. 5a and tJS51+ are graphs of the inbegence characteristics of the slot, and Fig. 1tSea is the graph of the slot and Figure 61 is a graph showing the coupling rate with the internal electric field, and Figure 61 is a graph showing its slow wave rate. FIGS. 9A and 9IJ are longitudinal cross-sectional views showing the flat plate line as the 3'A embodiment, and FIGS. The figure is a longitudinal sectional view showing a flat @ line as the fourth embodiment.

First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, a waveguide space S is formed by a pair of metal plates 2 and 3 that are arranged facing each other and separated from each other. A plurality of rows of power radiation slots 2a are provided as shown in FIG. Further, a coaxial line 8 serving as a power feeding means is connected to a power feeding opening 1 provided approximately in the center of the metal plate 3. In the waveguide space S, a slow wave means (in this case, a layered structure of foamed polystyrene 9 and polyethylene 10) is disposed.

Note that as the slow wave means, foamed resin (for example, foamed polyethylene, foamed polypropylene), a full date circuit, etc. can be used, but if the power radiation slot 2a is provided within one wave length, it is possible to No wave means is required (in such a case, an insulator is provided between the pair of metal plates 2 and 3 to maintain the distance between them).

The metal plate 2 is provided with
As shown in Figure Pt52, the power radiation slot 2a is provided so that its size (width or length) gradually increases from the power feeding 11601 side toward the peripheral edge of the metal plate 2.3. Also, the slot spacing in the radial direction is S, >S
r2>S, J>... How is it set?

In the circular waveguide constructed in this manner, the feeding power is fed into the waveguide space S, propagates therein, and is radiated from the slot 2a into free space. The state of propagation of the internal electromagnetic field at that time is shown in Figure 3, and the circle l with radius r
The internal electromagnetic field power P per unit area on
, and the total power supplied is P,
If the interval of the waveguide space is d, then P = Po/(2yr rXd).

In addition, the slot 2a radiates by coupling with the internal electromagnetic WP, and if the coupling rate is α, then the radiation power P at the position of radius r is expressed as be done. , the coupling rate a at Uni is the own space wave distribution λ of the power propagating in the waveguide space S. the size of 2a,
This value is determined by the dielectric constant ε of the resin used in the slow wave circuit and the distance VAd¥P between the waveguide spaces.

Therefore, the radiated power from the 11th slot I”
r II is P r II = all X P 11 and P n = (1-'2 n-+)X P 1l-1xr1
It is expressed as 1-1/' r+1.

By the way, when the frequency of the electric power propagating in the night space S is constant, the relationship between the slot and the impedance is shown in Figures 5a and 51), and the slot/groove and the coupling rate are If the pond parameters are constant, the impedance '- has the same characteristics as the part, and
The graph will look like the IJGa diagram.

It can be seen from this graph that α decreases at the resonance length.9Using these characteristics,
Check the size of the slot 211 from the power supply opening 1 side to the metal plate 2.
．． The coupling rate α with the internal electromagnetic field increases toward the periphery of 3 (al< 02 < 03 <...), and furthermore, 1 (6th a) Figure 1
In order to use the left side of the resonance length shown here,
Since the grooves are formed by gradually increasing L as SL, <SL2<...), the power aperture distribution becomes close to a uniform distribution of 1, as shown in FIG.

For example, if the diameter is about 20λ0, one slot is 0
．． 04 people. Then, Sl- is 0.3 people. ≦SL≦” (Shinai = 0.46 people.

becomes.

Furthermore, the power propagating to the peripheral edge side can be almost completely eliminated, and a terminating resistor becomes practically unnecessary.

At this time, since the impedance characteristic of the slot has an imaginary component as shown in Fig. 5b, the phase of the tail blade Pi and the radiated power P, which propagates through the waveguide space S, can be advanced by Jt, after the oscillation. In order to delay the delay, the delay is not constant, as shown in Fig. 61j. t1. It begins to exhibit the characteristics of a prison.

To correct this difference in phase, use the slot/)2
Place u inside l! l! The electromagnetic fields are shifted in the direction in which they are propagated, that is, in the radial direction, so that they are in the same phase. In other words, it is necessary to satisfy Sr+)Sr2>Sr:+>... In this way, the combined electromagnetic field of the entire slot is combined with 11 phases, making it possible to create an efficient antenna.

Furthermore, by adjusting the rate of gradual increase in the size of the slot (temporary increase in the coupling ratio a), a desired aperture distribution such as a binomial distribution, a Dollar7-Chepinev distribution, or a Taylor distribution can be obtained.

Next, a modification of the power powder slot in the first embodiment described above will be described. In this case, the opposite side of the resonance length is used.

In the t51 embodiment described above, the size of the slot 2a was gradually increased, but in this modified example 0'S1, as shown in FIG. 7, the size of the slot 2a is gradually decreased. However, in this modification as well, as in the first embodiment, the coupling with the internal electromagnetic field +4<a increases toward the periphery of the metal plates 2 and 3. In other words, to the right of the resonance length! 111 + 'tj). Further, the size of the Slon 2a located closest to the peripheral edge side is the same as that of the first embodiment (approximately the resonance length of the frequency propagating in the same thin waveguide space S).

Incidentally, the phases of the power propagating in the waveguide space S and the radiated power P, are opposite to those of the first embodiment (S, , <S, , <S
, , <...), so they are placed together. As for the effect, see above! There is no particular difference from the fs1 embodiment.

Next, Example #S2 of the present invention will be described.

As shown in FIG. 8, the power feeding means was the coaxial line 8 in the first embodiment, but in this example, it is a circular waveguide 11 connected to the power feeding opening 1. The rest of the construction is almost the same as e1m.

By exciting the modes TE, TM, etc. in this circular waveguide 11, the same operation and effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. In this embodiment as well, the above-mentioned two types of slot arrangement can be adopted.

In addition, even in the prior art described in Fig. 10 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-32205, the power aperture distribution can be made even more uniform by changing the slot arrangement and adjusting the coupling ratio a. can. In addition, a desired aperture distribution can be obtained.

Next, a third example will be described. As shown in Figure 9a, in this example, the gold M9&
A matching body 12 having a conical shape is disposed with its top facing the power supply opening 1. That is, the outer conductor 8a of the coaxial line 8 is connected to the power feeding opening 1, and the inner conductor 8b of the coaxial line 8 is connected to the top of the matching body 12.

Note that, as shown in FIG. 9b, when the circular waveguide 11 is used as the power feeding means, the top of the matching body 12 is placed on the central axis of the circular waveguide 11. This ends by suppressing the reflection 9 of the supplied power at the power supply section.

Next, the pIIJ4 example will be described. As shown in FIG. 9c, in this example, a coaxial line 8 is used, and the length l and diameter of the probe portion of the internal conductor 8b are adjusted to achieve matching. Even if you do this like this, P
Almost the same effect as the IS3 embodiment can be obtained.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described in detail above, the flat plate line of the present invention provides the following effects and advantages.

(1) The power radiation slot is configured so that its size gradually increases or decreases from the power supply opening side to the termination side so that the coupling rate with the internal electric field increases. Not only can the aperture distribution of 1/r be improved, but also the power distribution due to radiation attenuation characteristics can be improved, making it possible to realize a high-performance antenna.

(2) Since the radiation from the power radiation slot can be controlled, if all the power is radiated from the final slot, it becomes possible to construct a configuration with only a pair of metal plates, which was previously considered impossible, and one metal Just cut a slot for power radiation on the board and connect the power supply means to the power supply opening (
Since the intermediate plate is not necessary, material costs and processing costs are reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 9 show a flat line and a line as an embodiment of the present invention. Figure tp11 is a perspective view of the center R section of the first embodiment, Figure 2 is a top plan view thereof, and Figure 3. is an explanation diagram of its operation,
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the power aperture distribution in the longitudinal section, fjS5a and Fig. 5b are graphs of the impedance characteristics of the slot, m6a[XI is a graph showing the coupling rate between the slot and the internal electric field, Fig. 6b is a graph showing the slow wave factor, FIG. 7 is a top plan view showing the arrangement of power radiation slots in a modification thereof, and FIG. 8 is a longitudinal cross-sectional perspective view of the central part showing a flat plate line as the second embodiment. Figures 9a and 91) are longitudinal cross-sectional views showing a flat plate line as the third embodiment, and Figure 9c is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a flat plate line as the fourth embodiment. , Figures 10 to 18 show conventional circular waveguides. Figure 10 is a medium-heat vertical cross-sectional perspective view of the first example, and Figure 11 is a medium-heat vertical cross-sectional view of the r: A2 type future example. , Figure 12 is the top/1' view,
Fig. 13 is a graph of its internal electric field density, Fig. 14 is a graph of its power aperture distribution, Pt515 is a vertical perspective view of the central part of the third example, and Fig. 16 is a graph of its internal electromagnetic field density. Figure 17 is a graph of the 1111 distribution of 1 force, and Figure 118 is a vertical perspective view of the central part of the fourth example. 1...Aperture for power supply as an aperture for power supply, 2゜3
...Metal plate, 2a...Slot for power radiation, 4...
・Metal peripheral wall, 5... Intermediate metal plate, 6... Terminating resistor, 7... Matching body, 8... Coaxial line, 8a... Outer conductor, 8b... Inner conductor, 9 ... Styrofoam, 10... Dielectric material, 11... Circular waveguide, 12...
- Matching body, S, St, S2... waveguide space. Agent Patent Attorney fR Yoshihiko Numa Koto Adachi 1 Fig. 3 Fig. 5q Fig. 5b Fig. 6q Fig. 6b Fig. 8 Fig. 90 Fig. 8b Fig. 9b Fig. 9c [ b Fig. 1O Fig. 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 157 Figure 16 # Front side i'
i”l Momo 1 Rule No. 17 Figure 18

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A pair of metal plates that are arranged so as to be spaced apart from each other and face each other to form a waveguide space inside, and a power radiation slot formed in one of the metal plates of the same pair; It is composed of a power supply opening formed in either one of a pair of metal plates and a power supply means for supplying power into the waveguide space, and the size of the power radiation slot is on the left side of its resonance length. In the case of the characteristic, the slots are formed so as to gradually increase from the power supply opening side toward the peripheral edge side, and the arrangement interval of the power radiation slots in the direction toward the peripheral edge side is
A flat plate railway that is characterized by being set so that it gradually decreases toward the same periphery. (2) a pair of metal plates that are arranged so as to be spaced apart and face each other to form a waveguide space therein; and a power radiation slot formed in one of the metal plates of the same pair; It is composed of a power supply opening formed in either one of a pair of metal plates and a power supply means for supplying power into the waveguide space, and the size of the power radiation slot is on the right side of its resonance length. In the case of the characteristics, the slots are formed so as to gradually decrease from the power supply opening side toward the peripheral edge side, and the arrangement spacing of the power radiation slots in the direction toward the peripheral edge side is
A flat plate railway that is characterized by being set so that it gradually increases toward the same peripheral edge.