JPH0288510A - Insecticide and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an insecticide useful for controlling southern yellow thrips by containing the cells of microorganisms belonging to the genus Metarhizium or the spores thereof as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:An insecticide contains as an active ingredient the cells of microorganisms belonging to the genus Metarhizium, preferably M-2671 strain (FERM P-10198) attain by multiplying the microorganisms in grains, beans, oil seeds, saccharides, lees, or powders or the spores thereof obtained by multiplying the microorganisms in a solid medium containing the nutritive sources. The insecticide is applied to the soil when the larval of the southern yellow thrips fall on the soil to form the pupae thereof or the aforementioned strain is multiplied in the soil to form the spores thereof, thereby killing the pupae to control the southern yellow thrips. The southern yellow thrips can be also controlled by suspending the spores in water, etc., and subsequently applying the prepared suspension to the insects on the earth. The insecticide is also active to injurious insects belonging to the cicada family, aphid family and mealy bug family of Hemiptera, the moth family and butterfly family of Lepidoptera and the gold beetle family, long-horned beetle family and snout beetle family of Coleoptera.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an insecticide containing a microorganism as an active ingredient and a method for dispersing the same.

[Prior Art] Southern yellow thrips is a pest that was first discovered on green peppers and eggplants in the Bonyo region in 1978. Currently, crops such as cucumbers, watermelons, melons, green beans, spinach, and chrysanthemums are also affected, and the number of damaged crops is expected to increase further in the future. However, this insect is also sensitive to cold, so it cannot overwinter in open fields in Japan, and so far it does not seem to have spread to the Hokuriku and Tohoku-Hokkaido regions.

The damage is characterized by sucking the sap from the surface of young fruits and new leaves, resulting in scars in those areas.As the fruit grows, the scars expand and the commercial value is significantly reduced, and the leaves may be prevented from developing or become malformed. It may turn into leaves, or the entire plant may wither.

Currently, this insect is extremely resistant to chemicals, and in its octopus stage it burrows into the soil, making control even more difficult. Drugs used include Supraside hydrating agent and Bassa emulsion.

In addition, the more pesticides are sprayed, the more the insects develop resistance, which not only increases the cost of pesticides and spraying labor, but also increases the amount of pesticide residue in the produce, which also increases the health of producers. It has reached the point where it can even cause harm.

Other physical control methods such as silver mulch and cold shields have also been attempted, but it seems that some problems still remain.

Therefore, the inventors screened southern thrips for natural enemy microorganisms that have a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of pests.
We have developed a method to effectively suppress the growth of larvae and adults in the soil and on leaves.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] As a result of intensive research to develop an insecticide effective against southern yellow thrips, which is a pest that is difficult to control, the present invention was completed after discovering that the following types of microorganisms are extremely effective. .

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention relates to metallidium belonging to the genus Metarhi.
zium) or its spores as an active ingredient, microorganisms belonging to the genus Metallidium are grown in grains, beans, oilseeds, bran, and flour, and the resulting bacteria are used as a carrier or Method of pelletizing and spraying on soil
This is a method in which the spores are grown on a solid medium containing powder and the resulting spores are sprayed on the leaves of the plants during cultivation.

The strain used in the present invention is M-2671. This 12
When the 671 strain was cultured in Sabouraud medium, it first formed a white bacterial flora, and later conidia with bright to dark green colors were formed on the bacterial flora. Fiarid occurs at the tip of the conidiophore, and conidia are formed by centripetally chaining conidia at the tip of the fiarid. Conidia are mutton fat, and the size is 2.0~
It had an oblong shape of 2.7 x 5.9 to 9.8 μm. From the above results, this bacterium is Metarhizium ani.
sopliae var, anisopliae (
It was identified as Metallizium anisopliae Var anisopliae).

Sabouraud Medium Peptone Log Glucose 40g Water 1000d! pH 6.0 This strain has been deposited with the National Institute of Microbial Technology, Agency of Industrial Science and Technology as FERM P-10198.

The strains of the present invention are those grown using grains, beans, oilseeds, oil cakes, sugars, manufactured lees, flours, etc. as nutritional sources. The grains include corn, wheat, barley, rye, grains, turgium, brown rice, white rice, and millet.

Kihi, millet, buckwheat, beans, oilseeds include soybean cottonseed,
Flaxseed, groundnut, green bean, horse bean, fava bean, pea, sunflower seed, hempseed, and oil meal include soybean meal, sesame meal, cottonseed meal, linseed meal, groundnut meal, sunflower meal, coconut meal, rapeseed meal, and safflower meal. The sugars include rice bran, defatted rice bran, wheat bran, barley bran, corn bran, oat bran, bare wheat bran, rye bran, soybean hulls, millet bran, buckwheat bran, and Japanese barnyard grass.The manufactured lees include starch lees ( Kansho, barley lees, molasses (sugar cane, sugar beet), beer lees, soy sauce lees, amino acid fermentation by-products, trough lees.

Apple pomace, grape pomace, coffee residue, flour starch (potato, corn),
Corn masks are used for each.

The culture conditions are not particularly limited, but for example, the culture is carried out at a pH of 6.0 and a temperature of 25°C.

In order to control southern yellow thrips using an insecticide containing this strain, it is necessary to spray the above insecticide into the soil at the time when the larvae of the insect fall from the top of the leaves into the soil, or to apply the above strain to the soil. They multiply inside and form spores, which kill and control fields.

Southern thrips can also be controlled by suspending the spores of this strain in water or the like and spraying this suspension on the above-mentioned insects above the ground. The insecticide of the present invention is applicable to not only the southern thrips but also the Hemipteran family Cicadaidae and Aphididae.
It also shows insecticidal effects against pests belonging to the Mealybugidae family, Lepidoptera moths, butterfly family insects, Coleoptera Scarabidae family, Cerambycidae family, and Weevilidae family, and is effective as a control agent for these insects. be.

The amount of this insecticide used in the field is 300 kg/ha.

Cultivation method for M-2671 strain: Scrape off spores or hyphae from the M-2671 strain cultured on Sabouraud agar medium and add Sabouraud liquid medium.
Culture in a flask with shaking at 25°C for 4 to 5 days.

If necessary, scale amplification can be performed sequentially by aerated culture. Note that there is no specific designation regarding the culture medium.

Cultivation ends when the container is filled with hyphae.

Dilute this culture solution appropriately with water and add 60% water to grains and bran.
% and culture at around 25°C for 4 to 5 days. The culture is completed when a few spores are formed, and the spores are dried to a moisture content of around 10% and stored. If the purpose is to spray spores on leaves, culture until enough spores are produced, collect only the spores, or dry the medium together and crush it to the extent that it will not fit into the nozzle of a sprayer.

〔Effect of the invention〕

We were able to very effectively suppress the growth of southern yellow thrips, which is a difficult-to-control insect, using the fungal bodies or spores of the genus Metallizium.

Next, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to Examples.

[Example 1] Insecticidal effect when M-2671 strain is sprayed on leaf parasites Table 1 M-2671 strain 73.2 *Test method
A spore suspension (10 b spores) of this strain was inoculated by spraying. This leaf was placed in a large funnel, and the mature larvae that fell to turn into octopuses were collected in a plastic container attached to the tip of the funnel. After collecting old larvae for one day,
Remove the plastic container from the funnel and heat it to 25°C.
The larvae were left for 5 days, and the infection mortality rate in the mature larvae and the ura was investigated. In the control plot, sterilized distilled water was sprayed on leaves infested with this insect.

[Example 2] Insecticidal effect of M-2671 strain on larvae Table 2 Treatment group Infection mortality rate (%) Phylum-2671 strain 8566 control
0 *Test method For melon leaves heavily infested with southern yellow thrips,
A spore suspension of this strain (>107 spores/ml) was inoculated by spraying. The leaves were placed in a petri dish and left at 25°C for 3 days, after which the infection mortality rate of larvae was investigated. Sprayed with water.

(Margins below this page) [Example 3] Insecticidal effect of the M-2671 strain on Ura Table 3 M-2671 strain 15.0 *Test method The M-2671 strain was cultured until bran, and this was used as greenhouse melon cultivation soil. Mix well at a ratio of 1=100 and place in a plastic container. Inject 100 mature larvae here,
The seedlings were left at 25°C for 7 days, and the number of insects that emerged was counted. The infection mortality rate was calculated from the number of insects produced. In addition, sterilized bran was used in the control plot.

(Margins below this page) [Example 4] Insecticidal effect when spraying L2671 strain in a melon cultivation greenhouse Table 4 Treatment group Infection mortality rate (%) M-2671 leap strain 88.4 Control (Wednesday)
0 *Test method On June 10, 1988, a spore suspension of the M-2671 strain (1
07 spores/in/) was sprayed at 30 rnl per plant,
Seven days after spraying, the infection mortality rate was investigated.

Applicant Tokai Hakko Microbial Research Institute Ltd. Agent Patent attorney Yusuke Hiraki Patent attorney Teiji Ishii

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) Microorganisms belonging to the genus Metarhizium
An insecticide whose active ingredient is the cells of M. i-zium or its spores. (2) Microorganisms belonging to the genus Metallidium can be used on grains, beans,
A method in which the fungi are grown in oilseeds, sugars, lees, and flours, and the resulting bacterial cells are sprayed during plant cultivation. (3) Microorganisms belonging to the genus Metallidium can be used on grains, beans,
grown on a solid medium containing oilseeds, meal, or flour;
A method of spraying the obtained spores on the leaves of plants during cultivation.