JPH11142953A - Camera - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a camera capable of surely supplying a power from a main body to a lens cover and excellent in resistance to static electricity. SOLUTION: This camera is provided with the main body 10 having a photographing function and equipped with a photographic lens on the front surface 12, a card 60 attachable/detachable to the main body 10 so as to cover the photographic lens of the main body 10 and also attachable/detachable to/ from the rear side 13 of the main body 10 to be functioned as a control means for the main body 10 or a display means when the card 60 is attached to the rear side 13, power supply parts 44 and 45 having holes recessedly provided on the rear side 13 of the main body 10 and having a power feeding contact for leading the power to the card 60 in the inner parts of the holes, and power receiving parts 63 and 64 provided projectingly on the side of the card 60 and having a guide consisting of insulating material and inserted into the holes when the card 60 is attached to the rear side 13 and having a power receiving contact provided projecting on the tip end of the guide and abuting on the power feeding contact when the guides are inserted into the holes.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a camera provided with a lens cover detachable from a main body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional camera, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
As described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 330, there is known a camera having a camera body having a photographing function and a camera cover (lens cover) detachably attached to the camera body. This camera has a zoom function of a photographing lens, and a remote control device for performing various photographing operations at the time of photographing is incorporated in a camera cover of the camera. In this camera, the remote control device is incorporated into a camera cover that is detachable from the camera main body, thereby eliminating the installation of a storage section dedicated to the remote control device in the camera main body, reducing the size of the entire camera, and via the camera cover. A remote control device is attached to a camera body to improve portability.

[0003]

By the way, in the conventional camera, a button type battery is built in the camera cover, and power is supplied to each electric component by the button type battery. For this reason, if the camera cover is used as a remote controller or the like, it is necessary to frequently replace the battery, which is difficult to use.

[0004] As a method of solving such a problem,
It is conceivable to supply power from the camera body to the camera cover. However, in this case, a terminal for supplying power to the camera body and the camera cover or a terminal for receiving power supply is required. Such terminals may cause power supply failure due to adhesion of dirt when the camera cover is not attached to the camera body. In addition, when power is supplied through the terminal, problems such as static electricity dropping through the terminal occur.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a camera which can reliably supply power from a main body to a lens cover and has excellent electrostatic resistance. I do.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a camera according to the present invention is provided with a main body having a photographing function and a photographing lens on the front, and a detachable body at a position covering the photographing lens of the main body. The lens cover is also detachable from a position where the photographing lens of the main body is not covered, and functions as an operation means or a display means of the main body when attached to a position where the photographing lens is not covered. A power supply section having a hole recessed in the vicinity of the uncovered position and having a power supply contact piece for power supply to the lens cover at the back of the hole, and a lens cover projected on the side of the lens cover for photographing. A power receiving contact having a guide made of an insulator inserted into the hole when the guide is inserted into the hole when the guide is inserted into the hole when the guide is inserted into the hole. Piece It is constituted by a power receiving unit having.

Further, the camera according to the present invention is provided with a main body having a photographing function and having a photographing lens on the front side, and is detachable at a position covering the photographing lens of the main body, and is detachable even at a position not covering the photographing lens of the main body. It has a lens cover that is made possible and functions as operating means or display means of the main body when it is attached to a position not covering the taking lens, and has a hole formed in the front of the main body near the position where the taking lens is covered. A power supply part having a power supply contact piece for power supply to the lens cover at the back of the hole, and inserted into the hole when the lens cover is mounted at a position protruding from the side of the lens cover and covering the taking lens. And a power receiving portion having a power receiving contact piece protruding from the distal end of the guide and coming into contact with the power supply contact piece when the guide is inserted into the hole.

Further, the camera according to the present invention has a main body having a photographing function and having a photographing lens on the front surface, and a detachable and detachable position for covering the photographing lens of the main body when operating from the main body. A lens cover functioning as a power supply, a power supply unit having a hole recessed in the vicinity of a position on the front surface of the main body for covering the taking lens, and a power supply contact piece in a deep portion of the hole for supplying power to the lens cover; A guide made of an insulator protruding from the side of the cover and inserted into the hole when the lens cover is mounted at a position covering the taking lens. The guide is protruded from the tip of the guide and the guide is inserted into the hole. And a power receiving section having a power receiving contact piece that sometimes comes into contact with the power supply contact piece.

The camera according to the present invention is characterized in that the position not covering the taking lens is a position on the back surface of the main body.

[0010] According to these inventions, since the power supply contact piece of the power supply section is provided in the deep portion of the hole, the adhesion of the dirt to the power supply contact piece is prevented. Further, when the lens cover is attached to the main body, the power supply contact piece and the power receiving contact piece are not exposed to the outside. For this reason, static electricity is prevented from dropping on the power supply contact piece and the power receiving contact piece, and the built-in components and the like due to the static electricity are prevented from being damaged and malfunctioning.

Further, the camera according to the present invention is characterized in that two or more power supply units and two or more power reception units are provided, respectively, and function as a positioning means of a mounting position of the lens cover.

According to the present invention, the lens cover can be positioned by the power supply unit and the power reception unit.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A camera according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In each of the embodiments, a camera that performs photographing using a photographing film having a magnetic recording area will be described.
The present invention may be applied to a camera that performs photographing using a patrone-containing film corresponding to a code. In each drawing, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements, and the description is omitted. Also, the dimensional ratios in the drawings do not always match those described.

(First Embodiment) FIGS. 1 and 2 are perspective views of a camera according to this embodiment. In FIG. 1, a camera 1
Comprises a main body 10 and a card 60.
The main body 10 has a storage chamber 54 (see FIG. 5) for storing the film cartridge 200, has a function inherent to a camera, and has a substantially rectangular shape. Front 1 of body 10
A grip 11 is formed at an end on the left side as viewed from 2. The grip section 11 is used by a photographer to hold the camera 1 by holding it with the right hand during normal photographing (imaging without remote control), and has a semicircular cross section when viewed from above. In addition, the grip portion 11 has a front raised surface 11a that rises substantially perpendicularly from the surface of the front surface 12 of the main body 10;
The main body 10 has a rear protruding surface 11b that protrudes substantially perpendicularly from the surface of the rear surface 13, and has a larger depth dimension than the other main body 10. The front raised surface 11a and the rear raised surface 11b are raised from the front surface 12 or the rear surface 13 of the main body by almost the thickness of the card 60.

The front raised surface 11a has a card
The mounting area is defined when the camera is mounted on the front surface 12 of the camera. That is, when attaching the card 60 to the front surface 12,
The side surface 62 of the card 60 faces the front raised surface 11a, and the card 60 is positioned based on the front raised surface 11a. The front raised surface 11a faces the center of the main body 10 (toward the lens barrel 15). When the photographer grips the grip portion 11 with the right hand during photographing or the like, the fingertip of the right hand is moved to the front raised surface 11a.
It can be hung on a.

The rear raised surface 11b defines a mounting area when the card 60 is mounted on the rear surface 13 of the main body 10. That is, when the card 60 is attached to the rear surface 13, the side surface 62 of the card 60 and the rear raised surface 11b face each other, and the card 60 is positioned with reference to the rear raised surface 11b. The rear raised surface 11b faces the center of the main body 10.

As shown in FIG. 1, a feeding port 14 is provided at substantially the center of the front surface 12 of the main body 10. The lens barrel 15 is extended and retracted through the exit 14. Also, on the upper part of the front surface 12 of the main body 10, a flash window 16 and an AF
(Automatic Focusing) Emitter window 1
7, a self-timer light emission window 18, an object lens 19 of a finder, and an AF light reception window 20 are sequentially provided. A luminous body such as a xenon tube is installed inside the strobe window 16,
The luminous body emits light when photographing in a flash mode or the like. A light emitter such as an LED and a light projecting lens are installed inside the AF light projecting window 17, and a light receiver such as a photodiode and a light receiving lens are installed inside the AF light receiving window 20. At the time of photographing, light is projected through the AF light projecting window 17, and the light is reflected by the subject and received through the AF light receiving window 20. The distance to the subject is measured based on the light reception detection signal. A light-emitting body such as an LED is provided inside the self-timer light-emitting window 18, and the light-emitting body blinks so that the camera 1 can recognize that the camera 1 is in a self-mode (self-timer shooting mode). I have.

A remote control light receiving window 21 and a photometric window 22 are provided below the AF light receiving window 20 on the front surface 12. A light receiving body such as a photodiode is installed inside the remote control light receiving window 21, and infrared light transmitted from the card 60 is received by the light receiving body and converted into an electric signal. A photoelectric conversion element made of CdS or the like is provided inside the photometric window 22, and the brightness of the subject is measured by the output of the conversion element. Based on this measured value, the exposure mechanism (aperture, shutter) is automatically controlled and operated, so-called automatic exposure (A
E: Automatic Exposure) is performed.

A depression 12a is formed near the front raised surface 11a of the front surface 12. The depression 12 a is a depression provided corresponding to the projection 70 a of the card 60. Therefore, when the card 60 is attached to the front surface 12 of the main body 10, the depression 12 a
Is formed at the position where the fits. Also, the depression 12a
By being formed near the front raised surface 11a, the camera user functions as a finger positioning portion of the hand holding the main body 10. In the camera 1 shown in FIG.
Although only one is formed, two or more may be formed as necessary. In this case, it is desirable to arrange them side by side along the front raised surface 11a.

A pin 23 projects from the right end of the front surface 12. The pin 23 is a protrusion protruding forward of the front surface 12, and has a large head 23a and a mushroom shape. The pins 23 are connected to the main body 10 of the card 60.
Used for mounting to Also, the upper surface 24 of the main body 10
A print setting changeover switch 25 is provided substantially at the center of the printer. The changeover switch 25 is a switch for arbitrarily setting three print types of a standard type, a high-vision type, and a panorama type.

On the left side of the upper surface 24 of the main body 10, a main switch 26 and a release switch 27 are provided.
The main switch 26 is a switch for activating and deactivating the camera 1. This main switch 2
When the button 6 is pressed, the main body 10 changes from a photographing impossible state to a photographable state, and from the photographable state to a photographing impossible state. The release switch 27 is a switch to be pressed for photographing, but is a two-stage switch. That is, by setting the release switch 27 to a half-pressed state, calculations related to photometry, distance measurement, and exposure are performed,
Exposure is performed by fully pressing. On the left side of the upper surface 24 of the main body 10, an LCD 28 is provided. The LCD 28 displays the number of shot frames or the number of remaining shot frames, the remaining battery power, the presence or absence of a cartridge, and the like.

Front raised surface 11 raised at the left end of front surface 12
a is provided with insertion holes 29 and 30. Insertion hole 2
Reference numerals 9 and 30 are used to hold the card 60 when the card 60 is attached, and also function as positioning means for the card 60. The insertion holes 29 and 30 are provided at a predetermined distance in the vertical direction.

Further, an insertion hole 31 is provided in the front raised surface 11a of the main body 10, and a detachment detection switch 32 is provided behind the insertion hole 31. Card 60 on body 10
Is attached, the protrusion 61 of the card 60 is inserted into the insertion hole 31, and the insertion of the protrusion 61 switches the attachment / detachment detection switch 32 to detect the attachment of the card 60. On the other hand, when the card 60 is removed from the main body 10, the protrusion 61 of the card 60 is pulled out from the insertion hole 31, and the removal of the card 60 switches the attachment / detachment detection switch 32, thereby detecting the removal of the card 60.

In FIG. 1, the card 60 functions as a lens cover for covering the photographing lens of the lens barrel 15, functions as an operation means of the camera 1, and also functions as a remote operation means of the main body 10. This card 60
Are detachable from the front surface 12 and the back surface 13 of the main body 10, respectively. For example, when attached to the front surface 12, it covers the front surface of the lens barrel 15 and serves as a lens cover. When attached to the back surface 13 of the main body 10, it serves as operating means for the camera 1, as well as date and shooting modes. Function as a display means for displaying. Further, the card 60 is removed from the main body 10 and functions as a remote control unit. In some cases, the card 60 can be attached to a position other than the rear surface 13 such as the side surface of the main body 10. By making the card 60 attachable to the rear surface 13, photographing and The photographing mode and the like can be changed, and handling becomes easy.

The card 60 is provided with power receiving portions 63 and 64 protruding from one side surface 62, and the power receiving portions 63 and 64 are inserted into the insertion holes 29 and 30 of the main body 10, respectively. The vertical movement of the card 60 is restricted.

On the other side 65 of the card 60,
A push button 66 is provided. The push button 66 is used when removing the card 60 from the main body 10. A pin insertion hole 67 is provided on the surface of the card 60 near the push button 66. The pin insertion hole 67 regulates the movement of the card 60 by inserting the pin 51 (see FIG. 2) of the main body 10 when the card 60 is attached to the back surface 13. Pin insertion hole 67
Is provided with a hooking member 68. The locking member 68 is for preventing the pin 23 inserted into the pin insertion hole 67 from coming out, and the head 23a of the pin 23
A V-shaped hooking portion 68a for hooking is formed.
The locking member 68 is mechanically coupled to the push button 66 and is urged toward the push button 66 by a spring or the like. For this reason, during normal times (push button 66
Is not pressed), the hook 68a is inserted into the pin insertion hole 6
7, and when the push button 66 is pressed, the engaging portion 68 a moves from the inside of the pin insertion hole 67 to the inside of the card.

As shown in FIG. 2, a finder eyepiece 41 and a distance measurement completion display window 42 are provided on the upper part of the back surface 13 of the main body 10.
Is provided. LE inside the distance measurement completion display window 42
A light emitter such as D is installed, and when the release switch 27 is half-pressed, the light emitter turns on or blinks, and it can be confirmed that AF adjustment has been performed on the subject. A battery cover 43 is provided on the upper side of the main body 10.
By opening and closing the battery cover 43, the battery 104 is accommodated and taken out.

On the back surface 13 side of the grip portion 11 of the main body 10,
As described above, the rear raised surface 11b is formed. Feeding portions 44 and 45 are provided on the rear raised surface 11b. The power supply units 44 and 45 supply power to the card 60 when the card 60 is attached, and also function as means for holding and positioning the card 60 at that time. The power supply units 44 and 45 are provided at a predetermined distance in the vertical direction. The power supply section 44 is provided on the rear raised surface 11.
b, and a power supply contact piece 44b installed at the back of the insertion hole 44a. The power supply section 45 also includes an insertion hole 45a recessed in the rear raised surface 11b, and a power supply contact piece 45b installed at the back of the insertion hole 45a. A predetermined voltage is applied between the power supply contact pieces 44b and 45b, and power is supplied to the card 60 when the power receiving units 63 and 64 are inserted into the insertion holes 44a and 45a and attached to the main body 10. Will be

Further, an insertion hole 46 is provided in the rear raised surface 11b of the main body 10, and a detachment detection switch 47 is provided behind the insertion hole 46. Card 60 on body 10
Is attached, the projection 61 of the card 60 is inserted into the insertion hole 46, and the insertion of the projection 61 switches the attachment / detachment detection switch 47 to detect the attachment of the card 60. On the other hand, when the card 60 is removed from the main body 10,
The protrusion 61 of the card 60 is pulled out of the insertion hole 46, and the removal of the card 60 causes the detachment detection switch 47 to be switched to detect the removal of the card 60.

A transmission window 48 and a reception window 49 are provided on the rear raised surface 11b of the main body 10. A light emitter 110a such as an LED (see FIG. 6) is installed inside the transmission window 48, and a light receiver 110b (see FIG. 6) such as a phototransistor is installed inside the reception window 49. These light emitters 110a Optical communication with the card 60 is performed by the light receiving body 110b.

A zoom switch 50 is provided on the back side of the grip 11. By operating the zoom switch 50, the lens barrel 15 is extended and retracted. A pin 5 is provided on the left end of the back surface 13 of the main body 10.
1 is protruded. The pin 51 is a projection projecting rearward of the back surface 13, and has a mushroom shape with a large head portion 51a, similar to the pin 23 described above. The pins 51 are used for attaching the card 60 to the main body 10.

As shown in FIG.
An LCD 71 is provided at substantially the center of the LCD. LCD
71 operates according to the output signal of the CPU 131, time,
This is a display unit for displaying shooting information regarding the camera 1 such as a date, a shooting mode, the number of prints, and a title. L
Around the CD 71, a date switch 72, ST (Sele
ct Title) switch 73, PQ (Print Quantity) switch 74, mode switch 75, clear switch 76,
The remote switches 77 are sequentially arranged clockwise from the upper right position of the LCD 71. A cursor switch 80 is provided at the lower left of the back surface 70 of the card 60. The cursor switch 80 includes four switches, an up switch 81, a down switch 82, a right switch 83, and a left switch 84.

At the top of the card 60, there is provided a light-transmitting window 69 which is a window for looking through the finder. For example, the light transmitting window 69 is provided at a position facing the finder eyepiece 41 when the card 60 is attached to the back surface 13, and is formed penetrating the front and back of the card 60. With the opening of the light transmitting window 69, when the card 60 is attached to the back surface 13 of the main body 10, it is possible to look through the finder eyepiece 41 with the card 60 attached. The light transmitting window 69 is a hole penetrating the front and back of the card 60 in FIG. 2, but is not limited to such a hole.
The edge of the card 60 may be cut out.
Further, the light transmitting window 69 is not limited to one completely penetrating the card 60, and may be provided by inserting transparent glass or plastic into the opening.

At the right end of the back surface 70 of the card 60, a projection 70a is provided. The projection 70 a is formed by disposing a light emitting LED 93, which is a light emitting element for remote operation, inside the card 60. Floodlight LED93
Is a thicker component among the components incorporated in the card 60, and it is not preferable to make the entire card 60 thicker for the light emitting LED 93 in order to reduce the size of the camera 1. For this reason, the thickness of the entire card 60 is reduced by forming the convex portion 70a to increase the thickness of only a part of the card 60. In addition, since the convex portion 70a is provided so as to protrude from the back surface 70, the front surface (front surface) of the card 60 can be made flat. For this reason, when the card 60 is attached to the front surface 12 of the main body 10 when the camera is not used, the appearance of the camera 1 is not impaired. In addition, it is desirable to arrange thick components such as a capacitor in addition to the light emitting LED 93 inside the convex portion 70a. This capacitor serves as a voltage source when the card 60 is used as a remote controller and emits light.

A pin insertion hole 78 is provided at the left end of the back surface 70 of the card 60. The pin insertion hole 78 restricts the movement of the card 60 by inserting the pin 23 of the main body 10 when the card 60 is attached to the front surface 12. Inside the pin insertion hole 78, the above-described locking member 68 is provided.
Are arranged. The hooking member 68 has a V-shaped hooking portion 68b for hooking the head 23a of the pin 23. Like the hooking portion 68a, the hooking portion 68b is located inside the pin insertion hole 78 during normal times (when the push button 66 is not pressed), and is located when the push button 66 is pressed. Move from inside 78 to inside the card.

FIGS. 3 and 4 are perspective views of the end of the card 60. FIG.

As shown in FIG.
Are provided with the above-described power receiving units 63 and 64. The power receiving unit 63 includes a guide 63a and a power receiving contact piece 63b. The guide 63a protrudes from the side surface 62,
It is formed of an insulator such as a resin. Power receiving piece 63
b protrudes from the tip of the guide 63a, and
3 is an electrical terminal for contacting the power supply contact piece 44b and receiving power when the power supply unit 3 is inserted into the power supply unit 44 of the main body 10. The power receiving unit 64 is similar to the power receiving unit 63, and
4a and a power receiving contact piece 64b. The guide 64a protrudes from the side surface 62 and is formed of an insulator such as a resin. The power receiving contact piece 64b protrudes from the distal end of the guide 64a, and is an electrical terminal for contacting the power supply contact piece 45b and receiving power when the power receiving section 64 is inserted into the power feeding section 45 of the main body 10. is there.

As shown in FIG. 4, the power receiving contact pieces 63b and 64b of the power receiving portions 63 and 64 are attached so as to be able to advance and retreat in the projecting direction, and are urged in the projecting direction by springs 63c and 64c.

As shown in FIG.
Is provided with a transmission window 91 and a reception window 92. The transmission window 91 is installed at a position facing the reception window 49 of the main body 10 when the card 60 is attached to the back surface 13 of the main body 10. The receiving window 92 is provided at a position facing the transmitting window 48 of the main body 10 when the card 60 is attached to the back surface 13 of the main body 10. A light-emitting body 137a such as an LED (see FIG. 7) is installed inside the transmission window 91, and a light-receiving body 137b (see FIG. 7) such as a phototransistor is installed inside the reception window 92. Body 137a and photoreceptor 137b
Optical communication is performed. Power supply changeover switches 94 and 94 are provided on the side surface 62 of the card 60. The power supply changeover switch 94 is connected to the card 60 when the card 60 is
2 or front raised surface 11 when attached to back surface 13
a or the rear raised surface 11b.

As shown in FIG. 5, the grip portion 11 of the main body 10
A cartridge lid 52 is provided at the bottom of the cartridge. The cartridge lid 52 is configured to be opened by operating an open / close switch 53 provided on a side portion of the main body 10.
By opening and closing the cartridge lid 52, the film cartridge 200 can be stored in the cartridge storage chamber 54 in the main body 10, and the film cartridge 200 can be taken out from the cartridge storage chamber 54. An MR (Manual Rew) for forcibly winding is provided on the bottom of the main body 10.
ind) A switch 55 is provided. In the cartridge storage chamber 54, the film cartridge 2 is provided.
A cartridge presence / absence switch 56 for detecting the presence / absence of 00 is provided.

Next, the main body 1 of the camera 1 according to the present embodiment.
The CPU that controls 0 and related elements will be described.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a control mechanism of the main body 10. As shown in FIG. The CPU 101 shown in this figure controls the entire main body 10. The CPU 101 has a RES
ET circuit 102, boost regulator 103, power supply circuit 1
05, remote control receiving circuit 106, switch group 107, strobe circuit 108, EEPROM 109, LCD 28,
Communication unit 110, LED group 111, AF circuit 112, lens barrel driving unit 113, film feeding unit 114, DD reading unit 11
5, a shutter driving unit 116, a photometry unit 117, and a magnetic data reading / writing unit 118 are connected. Also, CP
The U101 has a built-in ROM 101a in which a program for control / arithmetic processing is stored in advance, and a RAM 101b for storing various data in control / arithmetic processing. The CPU 101 receives instructions from the photographer via these elements, communicates with the card 60, and controls the main body 10.

The RESET circuit 102 detects that the main body 10 is powered on, generates a reset signal, and
The CPU 101 is instructed to initialize the main body 10 including the CPU 101.

The boost regulator 103 has a battery 104 connected between its two input terminals,
Under the control of 101, the power supply voltage output from the battery 104 is boosted, and the boosted power supply voltage is
To each element in the

The power supply circuit 105 has its two output terminals connected to the power supply contacts 44b and 45b, respectively, and its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the boost regulator 103. The power supply circuit 105 inputs the power supply voltage boosted by the boost regulator 103,
Under the control of the CPU 101, the power supply voltage is output to the power supply contacts 44b and 45b, and power is supplied to the card 60 when the card 60 is attached to the back surface 13 of the main body 10.

The remote control receiving circuit 106 has a photoreceptor in the remote control light receiving window 21, and the photoreceptor is used to operate the card 6.
The data received by remote control transmission from 0 is received, and the received data is sent to the CPU 101.

The switch group 107 collectively refers to various switches provided on the main body 10, and receives an operation instruction from a photographer and sends the content to the CPU 101.
The switch group 107 includes a main switch 2 for instructing switching of the main body 10 between a photographable state and a photographable state.
6, a print setting changeover switch 25 for selecting a print size, a release switch 27 for instructing a photographing operation, a detachment detection switch 32 for recognizing that the card 60 is attached to the front face 12 of the main body 10, and a back face 1 of the main body 10.
3, a switch 47 for recognizing that the card 60 is attached to the lens 3, a zoom switch 50 for instructing extension or retraction of the lens barrel 15, an open / close switch 53 for confirming the open / close state of the cartridge lid 52, and a halfway winding of the film. An MR switch 55 for instructing return and a cartridge presence / absence switch 56 for confirming whether or not a film cartridge is loaded are included.

The flash circuit 108 has a light emitter provided in the flash window 16 and emits light from the light emitter in accordance with a selected photographing mode (a mode relating to a flash light emission mode) under the instruction of the CPU 101.

The EEPROM 109 stores the number of unexposed shot frames of the loaded film cartridge, the state of the camera 1 at each time, various control parameters, and the like.

The communication section 110 includes a light emitting body 110a and a light receiving body 110 in a transmission window 48 and a reception window 49, respectively.
b, for transmitting and receiving data to and from the card 60 when the card 60 is attached to the back surface 13 of the main body 10. That is, when the main body 10 transmits data to the card 60, the illuminant 110a in the communication unit 110 outputs data to be transmitted as an optical signal under the instruction of the CPU 101. Conversely, the main body 10
When receiving the data from the card 60, the communication unit 1
The photoreceptor 110 b in 10 receives the optical signal arriving from the card 60 and sends the data to the CPU 101.

The LED group 111 is a general term for the LEDs provided on the main body 10 and emits light under the instruction of the CPU 101. The LED group 111 includes a self-timer light emission window 1 that indicates that the self-timer is operating.
8 and an LED in the distance measurement completion display window 42 that indicates that the distance measurement has been completed by the AF circuit 112.

The AF circuit 112 has a light-emitting body and a light-receiving body in each of the AF light-projecting window 17 and the AF light-receiving window. To measure the distance to the subject, and sends the measurement result to the CPU 101.

The lens barrel driving section 113 drives and controls the lens barrel 15 in accordance with instructions from the CPU 101 to perform zoom drive control and focus drive control.

The film feeding section 114 feeds the film of the loaded film cartridge in the forward or reverse direction in accordance with an instruction from the CPU 101.

Immediately after the film cartridge is loaded into the main body 10, the DD reading unit 115 stores the film information (film type, film sensitivity, number of frames that can be shot) and the film use state (film number) recorded on the data disc of the film cartridge. Data related to unused / during shooting / shooting / developed) is read by an instruction from the CPU 101 and sent to the CPU 101. Here, the data disk is a disk-shaped one provided at the side end 201 of the film cartridge 200, and the film information is represented by a bar code displayed on the surface thereof. Indicates a state.

The shutter driver 116 controls opening and closing of a shutter (not shown) in accordance with an instruction from the CPU 101.

The photometry unit 117 includes a photoelectric conversion element such as CdS in the photometry window 22, measures the illuminance of the subject using the photoelectric conversion element, and sends the result to the CPU 101.

The magnetic data read / write unit 118 includes a CPU
In accordance with the instruction by 101, information such as the date of shooting, the number of prints, the language, and the title is written or read into the magnetic recording area of the film of the loaded film cartridge.

Next, a CPU for controlling the card 60 of the camera 1 according to the present embodiment and related components will be described. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a control mechanism of the card 60.

The CPU 131 shown in FIG.
This controls the entire system. The CPU 131 has a RE
SET circuit 132, regulator 133, DRV circuit 1
35, switch group 136, communication section 137, LCD drive section 138, EEPROM 139, and remote control transmission circuit 1
40 are connected. The CPU 131 controls
ROM in which a program for arithmetic processing is stored in advance
131a and a RAM 131b for storing various data at the time of control / calculation are built in. The CPU 131
Through each of these elements, input the instructions from the photographer,
Communication with the main body 10 is performed to control the card 60.

The RESET circuit 132 detects that the main body 10 is powered on, generates a reset signal, and
The CPU 131 is instructed to initialize the card 60 including 131.

The regulator 133 is provided between the two input terminals of the power supply switch 94 and the battery 1 with built-in card.
34 are connected in series. In addition, the regulator 133
Are connected to the power supply circuit 1 of the main body 10, respectively.
Receiving contacts 63b, 6 for inputting power supply voltage from
4b are connected. Power supply switch 94
Is turned on or off depending on whether the card 60 is attached to either the front surface 12 or the back surface 13 of the main body 10. That is, the card 60 is
When the power supply switch 94 is not attached to either the front surface 12 or the back surface 13 of the card 60, the power supply changeover switch 94 is turned on, and the regulator 133 receives and stabilizes the power supply voltage output from the battery 134 with a built-in card. Supply to each element. When the card 60 is attached to the back surface 13 of the main body 10, the power supply changeover switch 94 is turned off, and the regulator 133 receives and stabilizes the power supply voltage output from the power supply circuit 105 of the main body 10, and Supply to each element. Also, the card 60
Is attached to the front surface 12 of the main body 10,
The power supply switch 94 is turned off and the main body 1
No power supply voltage is supplied from the power supply circuit 105 of 0.

The input terminal of the DRV circuit 135 is connected to the power receiving contact 63b, detects the potential of the power receiving contact 63b, and, based on the detected potential, the card 6
It is determined whether or not “0” is attached to the back surface 13 of the main body 10, and the identification result is sent to the CPU 131.

The switch group 136 collectively refers to various switches provided on the card 60, receives an operation instruction from the photographer, and sends the operation instruction to the CPU 131. The switch group 136 includes a date switch 72 for instructing switching of a date mode (mode relating to a date display mode), an ST switch 73 for instructing start of selection of a title and a language, and a PQ for instructing start of print number setting and the like. A switch 74, a mode switch 75 for selecting a shooting mode, a clear switch 76 for instructing the setting of the number of prints or discarding the title selection, a remote control mode (a mode in which the card 60 is removed from the main body 10 and used as a remote control device) and a self mode ( Card 60 to main unit 1
0) or a remote switch 77 for instructing the main body 10 to perform a photographing operation, and a cursor switch for setting the number of prints and selecting a title. 80 are included.

The communication section 137 includes a light emitting body 137a and a light receiving body 137 in the transmission window 91 and the reception window 92, respectively.
b, for transmitting and receiving data to and from the main body 10 when the card 60 is attached to the back surface 13 of the main body 10. That is, when the card 60 transmits data to the main body 10, the light emitter 137 a in the communication unit 137 outputs data to be transmitted as an optical signal under the instruction of the CPU 131. Conversely, card 60
When receiving data from the main unit 10, the communication unit 13
The photoreceptor 137 b in 7 receives the optical signal arriving from the main body 10 and sends the data to the CPU 131. That is,
The optical signal output from the light emitter 110 a of the communication unit 110 of the main body 10 is transmitted to the light receiver 137 of the communication unit 137 of the card 60.
b, and the optical signal output from the light emitter 137a of the communication part 137 of the card 60 is received by the light receiver 110b of the communication part 110 of the main body 10, whereby the light between the main body 10 and the card 60 Performs two-way communication. Here, the data transmitted and received between the communication unit 137 of the card 60 and the communication unit 110 of the main body 10 is
, Data relating to a shooting mode, a language, a title, and the number of prints.

The LCD drive section 138 controls the display on the LCD 71 under the instruction of the CPU 131.

The EEPROM 139 stores a cartridge ID (hereinafter, referred to as CID), a photographing mode, a date mode, a language, a title, and the like input by the photographer.

The remote control transmission circuit 140
3 and remote control transmission of data to be transmitted to the main body 10 by the light emitting LED 93 under the control of the CPU 131. Here, data transmitted from the remote control transmission circuit 140 to the remote control reception circuit 106 of the main body 10 is, for example,
The data includes data for instructing the main body 10 to perform a shooting operation, data relating to a language, a title, and the number of prints.

Next, the basic operation of the camera 1 composed of the main body 10 and the card 60 described above will be described.

When the main body 10 is loaded with the battery 104, power is supplied to the CPU 101 via the boost regulator 103, and a reset signal is output from the RESET circuit 102. Then, the CP receiving the reset signal
The main body 10 and the card 60 are
Is initialized. In this initialization processing, initialization of the RAM 101b and the timer of the CPU 101 itself, an EEPROM
Readout of parameters stored in 109 and RAM
Writing to 101b, testing of each element, initialization of shutter and lens barrel 15, display on LCD 71, and the like are performed. At this point, the main body 10 is in a photographing impossible state.

When the main switch 26 is pressed, or when the attachment / detachment detection switch 47 detects that the card 60 is attached to the back surface 13 of the main body 10, the CP
U101 detects that fact and sets the main body 10 to a photographable state.

When the card 60 is attached to the back surface 13 of the main body 10, the CPU 101 of the main body 10 recognizes the fact through the attachment / detachment detection switch 47, and the CPU 131 of the card 60 communicates through the DRV circuit 135. To recognize that. At this time, the content specified by the photographer by operating the switch group 136 of the card 60 is the content of the card 6
0, the optical communication from the communication unit 137 of the card 60 to the communication unit 110 of the main body 10
It is transmitted to the CPU 101 of the main body 10. Conversely, the main body 10
After the content specified by the photographer by operating the switch group 107 of the main body 10 is input to the CPU 101 of the main body 10,
Is transmitted to the CPU 131 of the card 60 by optical communication from the communication unit 110 of the card 60 to the communication unit 137 of the card 60.

On the other hand, when the card 60 is removed from the main body 10, the CPU 101 of the main body 10 recognizes the fact via the attachment / detachment detection switch 32 and the attachment / detachment detection switch 47, and the CPU 131 of the card 60 supplies power. That is recognized through the changeover switch 94. At this time, the card 60 functions as a remote control device. That is, the content specified by the photographer by operating the switch group 136 of the card 60 is input to the CPU 131 of the card 60, and then the optical communication from the remote control transmitting circuit 140 of the card 60 to the remote control receiving circuit 106 of the main body 10 is performed. It is transmitted to the CPU 101 of the main body 10.

In the camera 1, when the fact that the film cartridge is loaded is detected by the cartridge presence / absence switch 56 and the fact that the cartridge lid 52 is closed is confirmed by the open / close switch 53, the data of the film cartridge is read. The film information recorded on the disc and the data on the film usage status are stored in the CPU.
Under the control of 101, the data is read by the DD reading unit 115 and stored in the EEPROM 109. This data is referred to at the time of subsequent photographing or the like.

In the camera 1, by operating the MR switch 55, it is also possible to rewind the film in the middle of photographing in which the unexposed photographing frame remains and take out the film cartridge. At this time, the photographer
The CID can be input by operating the switch group 136 of the card 60, and the data of the CID and the number of unexposed frames are stored in the EEPROM 139 of the card 60.

Further, the camera 1 can reload the film cartridge that has been rewound in the middle and taken out. In this case, the DD reading unit 115 determines that the film use state represented by the rotation direction of the data disc of the film cartridge is in the middle of shooting. The film is fed by the film feeding unit 114 while the recorded content of the magnetic recording area is read by the magnetic data reading / writing unit 118, and is fed to the position of the next unexposed photographic frame to be exposed. Sent.

[0077] In both the state where the card 60 is attached to the back surface 13 of the main body 10 and the state where the card 60 is removed from the main body 10, photographing is possible. When shooting, according to the instructions of the photographer, for example,
The photographing mode is selected by operating the mode switch 75, the number of prints is set by operating the PQ switch 74 and the like, the language and title are selected by operating the ST switch 73 and the like, and the lens barrel 15 is operated by operating the zoom switch 50. Feeding or feeding is controlled, a print size is selected by operating the print setting switch 25, and other conditions and the like are set. The contents of these settings and selections are stored in the RAM 131b, and are also stored in the LCD 71 via the LCD drive unit 138.
Will be displayed.

Then, the card 60 is attached to the back 13 of the main body 10.
, The shooting operation is started by operating the release switch 27 of the main body 10. On the other hand, when the card 60 is removed from the main body 10, the operation of the remote switch 77 of the card 60 causes
That effect is communicated from the communication unit 137 of the card 60 to the communication unit 110 of the main body 10, and the photographing operation is started.

In this photographing operation, the illuminance of the subject is measured by the photometer 117, and the distance to the subject is measured by the AF circuit 112. Further, the lens barrel 15 is driven by the lens barrel driving unit 113 under the control of the CPU 101 based on these measurement results and the conditions set by the photographer, and the flash circuit 108 according to the selected photographing mode.
Flashes, and the shutter is opened by the shutter driving unit 116 at an appropriate exposure time, and an image of the subject is photographed on a predetermined photographing frame of the film. Further, the film is fed to the next photographing frame by the film feeding unit 114, and data relating to the set or selected number of prints, language, title, print size, date, and the like are stored in the magnetic recording area of the film. The data is recorded by the magnetic data read / write unit 118.

When the main switch 26 is pressed while the camera 1 is in the photographing enabled state, the fact that the card 60 has been attached to the front surface 12 of the main body 10 is determined by the detachment detection switch 32. When the CPU 101 determines that the predetermined time has elapsed without any operation of the main body 10 and the card 60,
This is when the detachment detection switch 47 recognizes that the card 60 has been removed from the main body 10 when the remote control mode is not set.

Next, a method of using the camera 1 will be described.

In FIG. 1, when the camera 1 is not used,
The card 60 is attached to the front surface 12 of the main body 10 and functions as a lens cover for protecting the taking lens of the lens barrel 15. The attachment of the card 60 to the front surface 12 of the main body 10 is performed by aligning the side surface 62 of the card 60 with the front raised surface 11a and inserting the power receiving portions 63 and 64 of the card 60 into the insertion holes 29 and 30 of the main body 10. At this time, the power receiving unit 6
3 and 64 are used for positioning the card 60 and the card 6.
It is used as a member for restricting the movement of zero. By attaching the card 60 to the front surface 12 of the main body 10 in this manner, the card 60 covers the taking lens of the lens barrel 15,
The card 60 functions as a lens cover for protecting the taking lens.

When the card 60 is attached to the front surface 12 of the main body 10, the back surface 70 with the LCD 71 is on the inside.
LCD 71 does not appear on the external surface of camera 1. Therefore, when the camera 1 is not used, the LCD 71 is reliably protected. Also, even if the LCD 71 is large, there is no risk of being damaged when not in use. Furthermore, since the card 60 is attached to the front surface 12 with the back surface 70 on which various switches are installed inside, the appearance of the camera 1 is simple when the camera 1 is not used, and the appearance is excellent. In addition, breakage of various switches can be prevented.

Further, when the card 60 is attached to the front surface 12, the insertion holes 44, 4
5, the transmission window 48, and the reception window 49 are exposed to the outside. However, these insertion holes 44 and 45 and the transmission window 4
8. Since the receiving window 49 is provided on the rear raised surface 11b, it is difficult for the fingertip of the camera user to touch, and communication failure due to adhesion of dirt is prevented beforehand. For example, even if the camera user touches the rear surface 13 of the main body 10, it does not easily come into contact with the rear raised surface 11b. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the insertion holes 44 and 45, the transmission window 48, and the reception window 49 from becoming dirty. Further, the power supply contact pieces 44b and 45b for supplying power to the card 60 are provided in the insertion holes 4
Since the power supply contact pieces 44b and 45b are provided at the depths of the power supply contact pieces 44b and 45b, problems such as adhesion of dirt can be reliably prevented.

When using the camera 1, the card 60 is removed from the front surface 12 of the main body 10 and attached to the back surface 13. As shown in FIG. 1, the removal of the card 60 from the front surface 12 is performed while pressing the push button 66 of the card 60 while separating the card 60 from the front surface 12. By removing the card 60, the camera 1 changes from a photographing impossible state to a photographable state.

In FIG. 2, the card 60 removed from the front face 12 of the main body 10 is attached to the back face 13 of the main body 10 to change or confirm the settings of the camera 1 such as time setting and photographing mode setting change. Function as an operation means of the camera 1 and a display means for displaying a date, a photographing mode, and the like. The attachment of the card 60 to the rear surface 13 of the main body 10 is performed by the power receiving units 63 and 64 of the card 60.
Into the insertion holes 44a, 45a of the power supply units 44, 45,
The front side of the card 60 is brought close to the back surface 13 of the main body 10,
This is performed by inserting the pins 51 of the main body 10 into the pin insertion holes 67 of the card 60.

FIG. 8 shows the power receiving section 44 of the card 60
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram when the power supply unit 63 is mounted on the power supply unit 63. As shown in FIG. 8, the guide 63 a of the power receiving unit 44 of the card 60 is inserted into the insertion hole 44 a of the power supply unit 63 of the main body 10, and the card 60 is attached to the back surface 13 of the main body 10. Guide 6
When 3a is inserted into insertion hole 44a, power receiving contact piece 63b protruding from the tip of guide 63a contacts power supply contact piece 44b. By this contact, the power supply contact piece 44b and the power reception contact piece 63
Power is supplied from the main body 10 to the card 60 via the terminal b. At this time, the power receiving contact piece 63b is
Since it is urged by c, it is strongly pressed against the power supply contact piece 44b. This pressing prevents poor contact between the power supply contact piece 44b and the power receiving contact piece 63b.

The power supply contact piece 44b is provided at the back of the insertion hole 44a, and the power reception contact piece 63b is provided so as to protrude from the tip of the guide 63a. Therefore, the guide 63a is inserted into the insertion hole 44a, and the power supply contact piece 44b and the power reception contact piece 63b are inserted.
b, the power supply contact piece 44b and the power reception contact piece 6
3b is not exposed to the outside of the camera 1. For this reason, static electricity does not fall on the power supply contact piece 44b and the power reception contact piece 63b during use of the camera 1 or the like. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the built-in components and the like from being damaged and malfunctioning due to static electricity. Although the power feeding unit 63 and the power receiving unit 44 have been described, the same effect can be obtained with respect to the power feeding unit 64 and the power receiving unit 45 with respect to prevention of poor contact and static electricity resistance.

In FIG. 2, when the use of the camera 1 is finished, the card 60 is removed from the back surface 13 of the main body 10. The removal of the card 60 from the rear surface 13 is performed by pressing the push button 66 of the card 60 and separating the card 60 from the rear surface 13. This card 60
Is removed, the camera 1 changes from a photographable state to a photographable state. That is, the card 6 from the back 13
0, C through the attachment / detachment detection switch 47
When the PU 101 detects the removal of the card 60 and the release switch 27 is subsequently operated, a drive signal is not output from the CPU 101 to the shutter drive unit 116. For this reason, there is no need to operate the main switch 26 for changing the camera 1 from a photographable state to a photographing impossible state separately from the removal operation of the card 60, and the camera 1 can be easily handled at the end of use.

On the other hand, the card 60 is detached from the main body 10 when performing photographing by remote control of the camera 1, and functions as a remote control means, that is, a remote control device by emitting infrared light or the like to the main body 10. For example, when the remote switch 77 is pressed while the card 60 is attached to the back surface 13, the card 60 is
Is removed, the main body 10 is ready to receive an optical signal incident on the remote control light-receiving window 21. In this state, the card 60 is operated to emit infrared light from the light-emitting LED 93 toward the main body 10, so that photographing, selection of the number of prints, selection of the title and language, rewriting of the previous frame of the number of prints, The title and the previous frame can be rewritten by remote control.

In photographing by remote operation, when the remote switch 77 is pressed, infrared light is emitted from the light emitting LED 93, and this infrared light is received by the light receiving body in the remote control light receiving window 21 to be electrically operated. The signal is converted into a signal
1 is transmitted. According to the transmitted signal, the main body 1
0 of the CPU 101 outputs a signal to the shutter driving unit 116. Thereby, the shutter is released and a photograph is taken.

The selection of the number of prints, the selection of the title and the language, the rewriting of the previous frame of the number of prints, and the rewriting of the previous frame of the title and language are performed after the selection of the number of prints is performed by operating a predetermined switch of the card 60 in advance. When the remote switch 77 is pressed, infrared light is emitted to the main body 10, and the infrared light
A predetermined command is transmitted to U101. In accordance with this command signal, the CPU 101 outputs a signal to the film feeding unit 114 and the like, and the previous frame of the number of prints is rewritten.

Also, the LCD 71 of the card 60 is
Of the main body 10
When the card 60 is removed from the card 60, the card 60 may be placed on an object or the like with the back surface 70 of the card 60 facing down.
The surface portion of the CD 71 does not contact the object. For this reason,
The protection of the easily damaged LCD 71 can be improved.

In the camera 1, the communication between the main body 10 and the card 60 is not limited to the optical type as long as bidirectional communication is possible, and may be other types such as a radio wave type. It may be of the type.

(Second Embodiment) In the camera 1 according to the first embodiment, the power supply units 44 and 45 are
3, the camera according to the present invention is not limited to such a camera, and the power supply units 44 and 45 may be provided on the front surface 12 of the main body 10.

For example, a power supply contact piece is provided in the inner part of the insertion hole 29, 30 recessed in the front raised surface 11a of the main body 10, and the power supply portion is constituted by the insertion holes 29, 30 and the power supply contact piece. I do. In this case, the card 60 is placed on the front surface 12 of the main body 10.
Is attached, the power supply capacitor in the card 60 can be charged by the battery 104 in the main body 10 through the power supply contact piece.

Therefore, the consumption of the battery 134 in the card 60 can be reduced, and the card 60 can be made smaller, thinner or lighter by using a smaller battery. Further, the battery 60 may be used as an operation means or a display means of the main body 10 by driving the card 60 by a power supply capacitor charged by the main body 10 through a power supply piece without disposing the battery 134 in the card 60.

(Third Embodiment) In the camera according to the first embodiment or the second embodiment, the card 60 may be detachably mounted only on the front surface 12 of the main body 10. In this case, as described in the second embodiment, a power supply contact piece is provided in a deep portion of the insertion holes 29 and 30 formed in the front raised surface 11a of the main body 10, and the insertion holes 29 and 30 are connected to the power supply contact pieces. The feeder may be configured with the contact piece.

[0099]

As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

Since the power supply contact piece of the power supply section is provided in the deep portion of the hole, it is possible to prevent adhesion of dirt to the power supply contact piece. In addition, when the lens cover is attached to the main body, the power supply contact and the power receiving contact are not exposed to the outside, so that static electricity can be prevented from falling on the power supply contact and the power receiving contact, and components built in due to the static electricity. Can be prevented from being damaged and malfunctioning.

Further, the lens cover can be positioned by the power supply unit and the power reception unit.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a camera.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a camera.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a card.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a card.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a camera body.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an electrical configuration of a main body.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an electrical configuration of the card.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a power supply unit and a power reception unit.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Camera, 10 ... Body, 12 ... Front, 13 ... Back, 4
4.45 power supply unit, 60 card (lens cover), 6
3.64 ... power receiving unit.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A main body having a photographing function and having a photographing lens on the front side, and detachable at a position of the main body covering the photographing lens, and detachable at a position of the main body not covering the photographing lens. A lens cover functioning as an operation means or a display means of the main body when attached to a position not covering the taking lens; and a hole recessed in the main body near the position not covering the taking lens. A power supply portion having a power supply contact piece for supplying power to the lens cover at the back of the hole, and a lens cover protruding from a side of the lens cover and attached at a position not covering the photographing lens. A guide made of an insulator that is inserted into the hole, and a power receiving contact that projects from the tip of the guide and contacts the power supply contact when the guide is inserted into the hole. And a power receiving unit. 2. A main body having a photographing function and having a photographing lens on the front side, and detachable at a position of the main body covering the photographing lens, and detachable at a position of the main body not covering the photographing lens. A lens cover functioning as an operation means or a display means of the main body when attached to a position not covering the photographing lens; and a hole recessed in the front surface of the main body near a position covering the photographing lens. A power supply portion having a power supply contact piece for supplying power to the lens cover at the back of the hole, and a projection provided on a side portion of the lens cover, wherein the lens cover is attached at a position covering the photographing lens. A guide made of an insulator that is inserted into the hole when the power-receiving contact piece projects from the tip of the guide and contacts the power-supplying contact piece when the guide is inserted into the hole. And a power receiving unit. 3. A main body having a photographing function and having a photographing lens on the front surface, and detachable at a position of the main body covering the photographing lens, and as an operation means or a display means of the main body when detached from the main body. A power supply having a functioning lens cover, a hole recessed in the vicinity of a position on the front surface of the main body covering the taking lens, and a power supply contact piece for power supply to the lens cover in a deep portion of the hole; And a guide made of an insulator protruding from a side portion of the lens cover and inserted into the hole when the lens cover is attached to a position covering the photographing lens. And a power receiving unit having a power receiving contact piece that comes into contact with the power supplying contact piece when the guide is inserted into the hole. 4. The camera according to claim 1, wherein the position not covering the photographing lens is a position on a back surface of the main body. 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein two or more power supply units and two or more power reception units are provided, and function as positioning means for mounting the lens cover.
The camera according to any one of the above.