JPH11506934A - 強酸加水分解法 - Google Patents
強酸加水分解法Info
- Publication number
- JPH11506934A JPH11506934A JP9501223A JP50122397A JPH11506934A JP H11506934 A JPH11506934 A JP H11506934A JP 9501223 A JP9501223 A JP 9501223A JP 50122397 A JP50122397 A JP 50122397A JP H11506934 A JPH11506934 A JP H11506934A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- sugar
- cellulose
- solution
- hemicellulose
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
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- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
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- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- SLBOQBILGNEPEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloroprop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 SLBOQBILGNEPEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B15/00—Preparation of other cellulose derivatives or modified cellulose, e.g. complexes
- C08B15/02—Oxycellulose; Hydrocellulose; Cellulosehydrate, e.g. microcrystalline cellulose
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/04—Polysaccharides, i.e. compounds containing more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C13—SUGAR INDUSTRY
- C13K—SACCHARIDES OBTAINED FROM NATURAL SOURCES OR BY HYDROLYSIS OF NATURALLY OCCURRING DISACCHARIDES, OLIGOSACCHARIDES OR POLYSACCHARIDES
- C13K1/00—Glucose; Glucose-containing syrups
- C13K1/02—Glucose; Glucose-containing syrups obtained by saccharification of cellulosic materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1. セルロース及びヘミセルロースを含む物質から糖を製造する方法であっ て、 物質を約25〜90重量%の酸の溶液と混合し、これにより少なくとも部分 的に物質を脱結晶化し、固体物質と液体部分とを含むゲルを形成し、 前記ゲルを約20〜30重量%の酸濃度に希釈し、ゲルを80〜100℃の温度に 加熱し、これにより前記物質中に含まれるセルロース及びヘミセルロースを部分 的に加水分解し、 前記液体部分を前記固体物質から分離し、これにより糖及び酸を含む第 一の液体を得、 分離された固体物質を、ゲルの酸濃度が約20〜30重量%の酸になるよう に約25〜90%の酸の溶液と混合し、混合物を約80℃〜100℃の温度に加熱し、これ により分離された固体物質中に残っているセルロース及びヘミセルロースをさら に加水分解し、第二の固体物質と第二の液体部分を形成し、 前記第二の液体部分を前記第二の固体物質から分離し、これにより糖及 び酸を含む第二の液体を得、 第一及び第二の液体を合わせ、そして 合わせた第一及び第二の液体中の酸から糖を分離して合計で少なくとも 約15重量%の糖を含み、3重量%を超える酸を含まない第三の液体を生成すること を含む前記方法。 2. セルロース及びヘミセルロースを含む物質を洗浄することをさらに含む 請求項1の方法。 3. セルロース及びヘミセルロースを含む物質を乾燥することをさらに含む 請求項1の方法。 4. 前記物質を約10%の水分含量に乾燥する請求項3の方法。 5. セルロース及びヘミセルロースを含む物質を粒子に細化することをさら に含む請求項1の方法。 6. 物質が約0.3gm/ccを超える密度を有し、前記粒子が約0.075mm〜約7 mmのサイズを有する請求項5の方法。 7. 粒子が約5mmの平均サイズを有する請求項6の方法。 8. 物質が約0.3gm/cc未満の密度を有し、前記粒子が約0.075mm〜約25mmの サイズを有する請求項5の方法。 9. 粒子が約15mmの平均サイズを有する請求項8の方法。 10. 細化工程が、粉砕、細断及びハンマーミリングからなる群から選択され る方法を含む請求項5の方法。 11. 酸が硫酸である請求項1の方法。 12. 酸が塩酸、フッ化水素酸及びリン酸からなる群から選択される請求項1 の方法。 13. 加熱を40〜480分間行う請求項1の方法。 14. 加熱を100℃の温度で、40〜110分間行う請求項1の方法。 15. 加熱を90℃の温度で、80〜220分間行う請求項1の方法。 16. 加熱を80℃の温度で、160〜480分間行う請求項1の方法。 17. 加水分解を大気圧で行う請求項1の方法。 18. 加水分解の間、ゲルと酸を約10〜30rpmの速度で混合する請求項1の方 法。 19. 脱結晶化を行うために使用する酸が約70〜約77重量%の濃度である請求 項1の方法。 20. 酸溶液を加えて少なくとも約1:1の純粋な酸とセルロース及びヘミセル ロース物質との比を得る請求項1の方法。 21. 酸溶液を加えて約1.25:1の純粋な酸とセルロース及びヘミセルロース物 質との比を得る請求項1の方法。 22. 物質の脱結晶化を80℃未満の温度で行う請求項1の方法。 23. 物質の脱結晶化を60℃未満の温度で行う請求項1の方法。 24. 物質の脱結晶化を約35〜40℃の温度で行う請求項1の方法。 25. 脱結晶化段階がさらに、減圧を使用して脱結晶化段階にリサイクルされ る水を除去することにより熱を除去することを含む請求項1の方法。 26. 原材料が約50%〜約85%のセルロース及びヘミセルロースを含む請求項 1の方法。 27. 原材料が少なくとも5%のリグニンを含む請求項1の方法。 28. 固体物質からの液体部分の分離をゲルをプレスすることによって行う請 求項1の方法。 29. 第二の固体物質をペレット化することをさらに含む請求項1の方法。 30. 酸からの糖の分離の前に第一及び第二の液体部分を合わせることをさら に含む請求項1の方法。 31. 糖が強酸樹脂上に吸着される樹脂分離ユニットを使用して分離を行う請 求項1の方法。 32. 樹脂分離ユニットが架橋ポリスチレンカチオン交換樹脂床である請求項 31の方法。 33. 樹脂をジビニルベンゼンで架橋し、硫酸で処理することにより強酸樹脂 を生成する請求項31の方法。 34. ジビニルベンゼンが約6%〜約8%の濃度である請求項33の方法。 35. ビニルベンジルクロライドをジビニルベンゼンと重合することにより樹 脂を形成し、亜硫酸ナトリウムで処理することにより強酸樹脂を生成する請求項 31の方法。 36. ジビニルベンゼンが約6%〜約8%の濃度である請求項35の方法。 37. 樹脂が約200〜約500μmの直径を有するビーズの形態である請求項31の 方法。 38. 液体を約2〜約5メートル毎時の平均線流速で樹脂床中に流す請求項32 の方法。 39. 樹脂床を約40〜約60℃の温度に加熱することをさらに含む請求項32の方 法。 40. 樹脂床が約0.6g/ml〜約0.9g/mlのタップ床密度を有する請求項32の方法 。 41. 樹脂が少なくとも約2meq/gの強酸容量を有する請求項31の方法。 42. 分離段階の後に再利用のために酸を濃縮することをさらに含む請求項1 の方法。 43. 物質と酸との混合を、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、ポリフッ化ビニリ デン、クロロトリフルオロエチレンとエチレンのコポリマー、高密度ポリエチレ ン、ポリ塩化ビニル及びポリプロピレンからなる群から選択される物質により内 張りされた容器中で行う請求項1の方法。 44. 脱結晶化を150〜400mmHgの圧力で行う請求項1の方法。 45. 最初の混合段階が、前記物質の一部を反応容器に入れ、酸を加え、徐々 に物質の残りを加えることをさらに含む請求項1の方法。 46. 混合段階を多数のブレードを有するミキサーを使用して行う請求項1の 方法。 47. 発酵用の糖を準備し、その糖を発酵させて醗酵産物を形成する請求項1 の方法。 48. 醗酵段階が、 糖のpHを調整して残っている酸を全て中和するとともに金属イオンを除 去し、 微生物の増殖を可能とするために栄養素を加え、 約1〜2週間ペントース溶液で増殖させた Candida kefyr、Candida she hatae、 Candida lignosa、 Candida insectosa、 Pichia stipitis、Saccha romyces cerevisiaeの呼吸能欠損株、Hansenula anomala、Hansenula jadinii、 Hansenula fabianii及びPachysolen tannophilusからなる群から選択される酵母 と糖を混合し、 3〜5日発酵工程を進行させ、 冷却凝縮カラムにより二酸化炭素を再循環させて連続的に揮発性の発酵 産物を除去し、 凝縮カラムから発酵産物を回収し、 酵母を残りの発酵産物から分離し、 残留発酵産物を蒸留することを含む請求項47の方法。 49. pHが約11に達するまで塩基を加え、その後酸で逆滴定して約4.5のpHに 戻すことにより糖のpHを調節する請求項48の方法。 50. 固体物質を金属水酸化物溶液で処理して抽出物を生成し、 抽出物のpHを約pH10に低下させてケイ酸を生成し、 抽出物を濾過してケイ酸を除去することをさらに含む請求項1の方法。 51. 金属水酸化物溶液が水酸化ナトリウムの溶液である請求項50の方法。 52. pHの低下を硫酸、塩酸、フッ化水素酸及びリン酸からなる群から選択さ れる酸で行う請求項50の方法。 53. ケイ酸を酸化剤で処理してケイ酸の色を減少させることをさらに含む請 求項50の方法。 54. 酸化剤が、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム、過酸化水素、オゾン、塩素及び二酸 化塩素からなる群から選択される請求項50の方法。 55. 濾過の後に残る抽出物を処分する前に中和することをさらに含む請求項 50の方法。 56. ケイ酸からシリカゲル、ケイ酸、及びケイ酸ナトリウムを生成すること をさらに含む請求項50の方法。 57. 金属水酸化物溶液が水酸化ナトリウムの溶液であり、pHの低下を硫酸で 行い、濾過の後に残った抽出物に石灰を加えてケイ酸を除去して硫酸カルシウム と水酸化ナトリウムを生成し、水酸化ナトリウムを処理段階で再利用することを さらに含む請求項50の方法。 58. セルロース及びヘミセルロースを含む物質の酸加水分解から得た固形物 からシリカまたはケイ酸塩を除去する方法であって、 固形物を金属水酸化物溶液で処理して抽出物を生成し、 抽出物のpHを低下させてケイ酸を生成し、 その抽出物からケイ酸を除去することを含む前記方法。 59. 処理段階が水酸化ナトリウムの溶液で処理することを含む請求項58の方 法。 60. 水酸化ナトリウムが約5〜約10%の濃度である請求項59の方法。 61. 処理段階を約60〜80℃の温度で行う請求項58の方法。 62. 処理段階を約60〜90分行う請求項58の方法。 63. ケイ酸の除去を、抽出物を濾過することによって行う請求項58の方法。 64. pHの低下を硫酸、塩酸、フッ化水素酸、及びリン酸からなる群から選 択された酸で行う請求項58の方法。 65. ケイ酸を酸化剤で処理してケイ酸の色を減少させることをさらに含む請 求項58の方法。 66. 酸化剤が、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム、過酸化水素、オゾン、塩素及び二酸 化塩素からなる群から選択される請求項65の方法。 67. 濾過の後に残る抽出物を中和することをさらに含む請求項58の方法。 68. ケイ酸からシリカゲル、ケイ酸、及びケイ酸ナトリウムを生成すること をさらに含む請求項58の方法。 69. 金属水酸化物溶液が水酸化ナトリウムの溶液であり、pHの低下を硫酸で 行い、濾過の後に残った抽出物に石灰を加えてケイ酸を除去して硫酸カルシウム と水酸化ナトリウムを生成することをさらに含む請求項58の方法。 70. ケイ酸をアルミニウム塩と混合し、混合物を乾燥してゼオライトを生成 することをさらに含む請求項58の方法。 71. 生成されたゼオライトの窒素吸着に対するBrunauer-Emmet-Teller(BET) 表面積が少なくとも300m2/gである請求項70の方法。 72. 少なくとも300m2/gの窒素吸着に対するBrunauer-Emmet-Teller(BET) 表面積を有するゼオライト。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/483,455 | 1995-06-07 | ||
| US08/483,454 US5782982A (en) | 1993-03-26 | 1995-06-07 | Method of removing silica or silicates from solids resulting from the strong acid hydrolysis of cellulosic and hemicellulosic materials |
| US08/483,454 | 1995-06-07 | ||
| US08/483,455 US5597714A (en) | 1993-03-26 | 1995-06-07 | Strong acid hydrolysis of cellulosic and hemicellulosic materials |
| PCT/US1996/008719 WO1996040970A1 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 1996-06-03 | Method of strong acid hydrolysis |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007033826A Division JP2007202560A (ja) | 1995-06-07 | 2007-02-14 | 強酸加水分解法 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11506934A true JPH11506934A (ja) | 1999-06-22 |
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Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9501223A Withdrawn JPH11506934A (ja) | 1995-06-07 | 1996-06-03 | 強酸加水分解法 |
| JP2007033826A Pending JP2007202560A (ja) | 1995-06-07 | 2007-02-14 | 強酸加水分解法 |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007033826A Pending JP2007202560A (ja) | 1995-06-07 | 2007-02-14 | 強酸加水分解法 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0832276B1 (ja) |
| JP (2) | JPH11506934A (ja) |
| AT (1) | ATE290097T1 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU6039596A (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE69634402D1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1996040970A1 (ja) |
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- 1996-06-03 AT AT96918035T patent/ATE290097T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
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| US11359220B2 (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2022-06-14 | Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Saccharification reaction mixture, saccharification enzyme composition, sugar production method, and ethanol production method |
| US11959115B2 (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2024-04-16 | Nissan Chemical Corporation | Saccharification reaction mixture, saccharification enzyme composition, sugar production method, and ethanol production method |
| KR20200056437A (ko) | 2017-09-25 | 2020-05-22 | 아지노모토 가부시키가이샤 | 단백질의 제조법 및 2당의 제조법 |
| US11384379B2 (en) | 2017-09-25 | 2022-07-12 | Ajinomoto Co., Inc. | Method for producing a protein and disaccharide using a Talaromyces cellulolyticus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2007202560A (ja) | 2007-08-16 |
| ATE290097T1 (de) | 2005-03-15 |
| HK1009832A1 (en) | 1999-06-11 |
| EP0832276A1 (en) | 1998-04-01 |
| EP0832276B1 (en) | 2005-03-02 |
| AU6039596A (en) | 1996-12-30 |
| DE69634402D1 (de) | 2005-04-07 |
| EP0832276A4 (en) | 1998-09-09 |
| WO1996040970A1 (en) | 1996-12-19 |
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