JPH1195780A - Accompaniment playing device and its playing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an accompaniment playing device which enables even a singer having not enough ability to sing at a correct interval to enjoy KARAOKE singing without the deviation in the interval. SOLUTION: This MIDI KARAOKE machine has a microphone 1, a microphone amplifier 2, an equalizer/echo device 3, a mixer 4, an output amplifier 6, a speaker 6, MIDI data 7, a MIDI decoder 8, a musical tone forming device 9, a melody interval extractor 11, an interval comparator 12 and a normal melody interval former 13. The melody interval obtd. from the melody interval extractor 11 and the normal melody interval obtd. from the normal melody interval former 13 are compared by the interval comparator 12 and the accompaniment interval control signal meeting the difference therebetween is outputted to a musical tone reference clock 10. The accompaniment interval is made to follow up the melody interval by this accompaniment interval control signal in the musical tone reference clock 10.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to MIDI (Musical
Instruments Digital Interface) An accompaniment performance device (hereinafter simply referred to as a “karaoke device”) for performing accompaniment performances for singing using music data such as the standard, and a performance method thereof. The present invention relates to an accompaniment performance device that compensates for a lack of skill of a singer by changing the accompaniment pitch of the accompaniment performance device in accordance with a verse or a melody, and a performance method thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a "MIDI karaoke apparatus" in which performance information of a karaoke apparatus is stored in MIDI data and an accompaniment is generated from the MIDI data has been rapidly spread. The reason for this is that the so-called "communication karaoke" in which the amount of information is reduced by converting the accompaniment into MIDI data and music is supplied to the karaoke apparatus through a communication line, respectively, has been realized.

[0003] MIDI relating to the present invention is an international standard established for enabling exchange of music data by mutually connecting different musical instruments, a computer and a sequencer, etc. The MIDI Manufacturers Association and the MIDI Standards Council (JMSC) are working in Japan to consider new proposals. MIDI is a hardware standard (31.25 Kbi
t / sec, 5-pin DIN, asynchronous serial transmission, etc.)
And software standards (such as data formats) are specified. Note that the MIDI standard is described in the “MIDI 1.0 Standard” (MIDI Standards Council) and the “Introduction to Practice MID” issued on January 1, 1989, the first edition.
I and sound source technology ”(Transistor Technology Vol. 27, N
o. 305, February 1990).

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional MIDI karaoke apparatus. The conventional MIDI karaoke apparatus shown in FIG. 1 includes a microphone 1, a microphone amplifier 2, an equalizer / echo device 3, a mixer 4, an output amplifier 5, and a speaker 6. The mixer 4 is supplied with MIDI data 7 from a database center, which is a provider, via a storage device or a communication line (not shown), and processes the MIDI data 7.
It comprises a DI decoder 8, a tone generator 9, and a tone reference clock 10.

The melody sung by the singer is input to the microphone 1 and amplified by the microphone amplifier 2 to a level required for signal processing. The “melody signal” output from the microphone amplifier 2 is subjected to frequency characteristic correction and reverberation by the equalizer / echo device 3.

On the other hand, MIDI data 7 supplied via a storage device or a communication line is decoded by a MIDI decoder 8, and the MIDI decoder 8 outputs sounding timing / stop timing, pitch, timbre, sound intensity and the like in accompaniment performance. get information. The musical tone generator 9 generates musical tones according to the tone generation timing, pitch, timbre, sound intensity, and the like obtained from the MIDI decoder 8. The pitch in the tone generator 9 is determined based on the tone reference clock 10. As a result, the accompaniment converted into the MIDI data 7 is generated from the musical sound generator 9 as a musical sound.

In the mixer 4, the “melody signal” output from the equalizer / echo device 3 and the “accompaniment signal” output from the tone generator 9 are mixed at an appropriate ratio, and after being amplified by the output amplifier 5, The sound is generated from a speaker 6 connected inside or outside the apparatus. Thus, MIDI
In a karaoke apparatus using a melody as a sound source, equalization processing and echo processing can be performed on the "melody signal" to compensate for the lack of skill of the singer such as the sound of the voice to some extent, so that many people can enjoy karaoke. It became so.

However, in the conventional MIDI karaoke apparatus, no measure is taken against the pitch instability of the "melody signal" output from the microphone amplifier 2. Therefore, when the singer does not have the ability to sing at the correct pitch, there is a problem that the singing is shifted in pitch, which causes discomfort not only to the singer but also to the audience.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to provide a conventional MIDI.
In the karaoke apparatus, the problem that the singer's pitch deviation is not corrected is eliminated, and the singer's unstable melody pitch is followed by the accompaniment pitch, so that the singers with an unstable pitch and the audience are discomforted. It is an object of the present invention to provide an accompaniment performance device and a performance method thereof.

[0010]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an accompaniment performance device for generating a musical interval (accompaniment interval) of an accompaniment signal from music data (MIDI data or the like) supplied via a storage device or a communication line. Melody pitch extracting means for extracting the pitch (melody pitch) of a singer's melody signal input from a voice input means such as a microphone, and a melody pitch information of music data and a pitch information of an accompaniment signal. A normal melody pitch generating means for generating a pitch of the melody signal (normal melody pitch), a pitch comparison means for comparing the melody pitch with the normal melody pitch, and a melody pitch and a normal melody pitch based on the result of the pitch comparison means. And pitch changing means for changing the accompaniment pitch so that the pitches coincide with each other.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the accompaniment playing device, the accompaniment playing device further includes a pitch holding means for holding the accompaniment pitch changed by the pitch changing means, and melody length information (music length) of the music data. ), And a sound length judging means for judging a sound length equal to or longer than a preset sound length. When the pitch is determined to be longer than the pitch by the pitch determining means, the pitch changing means is operated only for the portion longer than the pitch so that the melody pitch matches the normal melody pitch, and the pitch holding means is used for other portions. Is output as the accompaniment pitch held in the.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the accompaniment performance device, a melody pitch is further extracted from the accompaniment performance device by extracting an output of a pitch holding means for holding the accompaniment pitch changed by the pitch changing means and a pitch comparison means. And a pitch difference determining means for determining whether or not a pitch difference between the normal melody pitch and the normal melody pitch is equal to or less than a preset pitch difference. The melody pitch is matched with the normal melody pitch by operating the means, and the accompaniment pitch held by the pitch holding means is output in other portions.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a performance method of an accompaniment performance device for generating a pitch of an accompaniment signal (accompaniment pitch) from music data (MIDI data or the like) supplied via a storage device or a communication line. In the playing method of the apparatus, a melody pitch extracting procedure for extracting a melody pitch (melody pitch) of the singer's melody signal input from the voice input means, and a normal melody signal from the melody scale information of the music data and the pitch information of the accompaniment signal. Based on the result of the normal melody pitch generating procedure for generating the melody pitch (normal melody pitch), the melody pitch and the normal melody pitch, and the melody pitch and the normal melody pitch based on the result of the pitch comparison procedure Pitch changing procedure for changing the accompaniment pitch so as to perform

In the accompaniment performance device and the performance method thereof according to the first and fifth aspects, the melody pitch extracted by the melody pitch extraction means and the regular melody pitch generated by the normal melody pitch generation means are compared by the pitch comparison means. Then, the accompaniment pitch is changed by the pitch changing means so that the two match. As a result, even if the melody pitch sung by the singer deviates from the regular melody pitch, the accompaniment pitch can be adjusted to the melody pitch of the singer, and even a singer who lacks the ability to sing at the correct pitch can enjoy karaoke happily Will be able to do it.

If the melody pitch sung by the singer is very unstable and a pitch difference from the normal melody pitch occurs for each individual note, the pitch varying means must be operated for each individual note. There is a possibility that the accompaniment pitch changes finely for each note, making it very hard to hear. Therefore, the accompaniment performance device according to a second aspect of the present invention further includes a pitch determination unit that newly detects the length of the melody pitch (sound length) from the music data. Then, only when the pitch of the melody is equal to or longer than a predetermined length by the pitch determination means, the pitch variable means is operated, so that the melody pitch and the normal melody pitch match only in a long part where the pitch difference is of concern. Let it. As a result, the melody sung by the singer and the accompaniment are in harmony with each other without causing swell due to the pitch difference between the melody and the accompaniment that occur in the case of a relatively long sound as described above.

If the melody pitch sung by the singer is very unstable and the pitch difference from the normal melody pitch is very large, operating the pitch variable means will result in transposition of the accompaniment. As a result, the singing is not only difficult to hear, but also the singer may easily lose the regular pitch. Then, in the accompaniment performance device of claim 3,
A pitch difference determining means for newly detecting a pitch difference between the melody pitch and the normal melody pitch from the output of the pitch comparing means is provided. Only when the pitch difference between the melody pitch and the normal melody pitch is smaller than or equal to a predetermined value by the pitch difference determination means, the pitch variance means is operated so that the melody pitch matches the normal melody pitch. As a result, even when a very large difference occurs between the melody pitch and the normal melody pitch as described above, the melody sung by the singer and the accompaniment are in harmony without any modulation of the pitch.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of an accompaniment performance device and a performance method thereof according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that portions common to those described in the related art will be denoted by the same reference numerals. Also, the sound source means, the display means for displaying lyrics, background images, and the like provided in the accompaniment performance device and the operation means are omitted.

First Embodiment First, a first embodiment of a karaoke apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows M of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing Embodiment 1 of the IDI karaoke apparatus, FIG. 2 is a state diagram for matching a melody pitch in Embodiment 1 with a normal melody pitch, and FIG. 3 is a frequency of a melody signal in Embodiment 1; It is a state diagram which extracts a melody pitch from a spectrum.

The MIDI karaoke apparatus of the present invention as shown in FIG. 1 includes a microphone 1, a microphone amplifier 2, an equalizer / echo device 3, a mixer 4, an output amplifier 5, a speaker 6, MI
In addition to the DI data 7, the MIDI decoder 8, the musical tone generator 9, and the musical tone reference clock 10, a melody pitch extractor 11 connected to the microphone amplifier 2 and the melody pitch extractor 11
And a normal melody interval generator 13 for supplying the normal melody interval to the interval comparator 12. The melody pitch extracting means described in claim 1 is a melody pitch extractor 1 according to the first embodiment.
1, the normal melody pitch generating means includes a normal melody pitch generator 13;
The pitch comparing means corresponds to the pitch comparator 12, respectively. Further, the pitch varying means uses the accompaniment pitch control signal output from the pitch comparator 12 to generate the tone reference clock 10.
Is realized by changing the frequency.

The operation of the characteristic portion of the MIDI karaoke apparatus of the present invention having such a configuration will be described with reference to FIGS.

The melody pitch extractor 11 in FIG. 1 receives the melody signal amplified by the microphone amplifier 2 and analyzes the spectrum to extract the melody pitch, that is, the frequency of the melody signal. A technique for real-time spectrum analysis of a signal such as a melody signal has already been put to practical use.
For example, ATRA which is an audio data compression method developed for a mini disc player (MD: trade name)
C (Adaptive TRansform Acoustic Coding), LSI for karaoke (LSI that can add full-scale scoring function to home karaoke system with one chip), sample vocal of one channel and pitch / volume of singer are extracted in real time, The frequency of the melody signal is extracted by a method such as quantification and scoring.

On the other hand, the normal melody pitch generator 13 generates the MID
From the melody scale information obtained by decoding the I data 7 by the MIDI decoder 8 and the accompaniment pitch information obtained from the musical tone reference clock 10, a normal melody pitch, that is, a normal melody frequency is output. The pitch comparator 12 includes a melody pitch obtained from the melody pitch extractor 11 and a normal melody pitch generator 13
And outputs the accompaniment pitch control signal corresponding to the difference. The frequency of the musical tone reference clock 10, that is, the accompaniment pitch, is changed by the accompaniment pitch control signal. Since the normal melody pitch changes with the change of the accompaniment pitch, the melody pitch and the normal melody pitch can be matched.

The operation for matching the melody pitch with the normal melody pitch will be described with reference to FIG. First, make C sound 440Hz
The accompaniment is being played at the pitch. On the other hand, if the melody pitch sung by the singer is slightly higher, the frequency of the accompaniment pitch is changed higher so that the normal melody pitch matches the melody pitch. In the figure, an example is shown in which accompaniment is played at a pitch of 443 Hz. As a result, the melody sung by the singer and the accompaniment are in harmony, and the sense of incongruity due to the pitch mismatch between the melody of the singer and the accompaniment is eliminated.

The melody pitch extraction in the melody pitch extractor 11 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. The figure shows the result of spectrum analysis of the melody signal sung by the singer. As shown in FIG. 3, the melody signal has not only a sine wave but also many harmonics, so that the pitch cannot be specified only from the result of the spectrum analysis. Therefore, in the MIDI karaoke apparatus of the present invention, the melody pitch is extracted by comparing the frequency of the normal melody pitch with the pitch comparator 12, and extracting the frequency component closest to the normal melody pitch. As a result, even a singer who lacks the ability to sing at the correct pitch can enjoy karaoke without worrying about a shift in pitch.

Embodiment 2 The melody of many music pieces includes sounds of various lengths.
In the case of relatively short sounds, there is little concern even if there is a pitch difference between the melody and the accompaniment, but in the case of a long sound, the swell according to the pitch difference between the melody and the accompaniment (two or more signals with different frequencies) (Inter-modulation of the components) and a slight pitch difference may be annoying. Therefore, it can be said that the pitch matching operation described in the first embodiment is sufficient only for a long sound. In addition, performing the pitch matching operation for every note will cause the pitch of the accompaniment to fluctuate finely, which may make it difficult for the singer to find a regular pitch.

Based on the above considerations, the present embodiment is configured to perform the above-described pitch matching operation only for long sounds, and this will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing Embodiment 2 of the MIDI karaoke apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a melody pitch and a normal melody pitch only when the melody pitch in Embodiment 2 is equal to or longer than the set pitch. FIG.

A MIDI karaoke apparatus according to the present invention as shown in FIG. 4 includes a melody pitch extractor 11, a pitch comparator 12, and a normal melody pitch generator 13 in the first embodiment.
, A sample-and-hold circuit (abbreviated as “S / H” in the figure) 14 connected to the pitch comparator 12, and MI
It is provided with a tone length determiner 15 for detecting melody tone length information from the DI decoder 8. Note that the pitch determining means described in claim 2 corresponds to the pitch determining unit 15 in the second embodiment, and the pitch holding means corresponds to S / H14.

The MIDI of the present invention configured as described above
The operation of the characteristic portion of the karaoke apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS.

The tone length determiner 15 in FIG.
It is determined whether the length of the melody processed by the decoder 8 is longer than a preset length. If the melody is longer than a preset length, for example, 1 second or longer, the pitch matching operation is performed with the S / H 14 as a sample mode. If the melody is shorter than the setting, the S / H 14 does not perform the pitch matching operation, and the accompaniment pitch holds the result of the previous pitch matching operation. As a result, the pitch matching operation is performed only for a long sound, and the short accompaniment is operated to maintain the previous accompaniment pitch.

Referring to FIG. 5, a description will be given of the operation of matching the pitch only for a long sound. In the figure, the seven notes (1) to (7) are illustrated. The solid line in FIG. 5 is the normal melody interval determined from the accompaniment interval, and the broken line is the melody interval sung by the singer. First, the accompaniment is played at a pitch of 440 Hz. Regarding the note (1), although there is a difference between the melody pitch and the normal melody pitch in each note, the pitch matching operation is not performed because the note is relatively short.

Since the note having a length equal to or longer than the set note length, the melody pitch and the normal melody pitch are operated so as to coincide with each other. In the figure, since the melody pitch is slightly higher, the frequency of the accompaniment pitch is changed so as to increase the frequency of the C note.
Play the accompaniment at a pitch of 3 Hz. Thereafter, the sound C is held at a pitch of 443 Hz until a note having a sound length equal to or longer than the set sound length appears. As a result, the melody sung by the singer and the accompaniment do not swell due to the pitch difference between the melody and the accompaniment which occur in the case of a relatively long sound as described above. Subsequent operations are the same as those in the first embodiment, and will not be described because they are redundant.

Third Embodiment Further, consider a case where there is a very large difference between the melody pitch and the normal melody pitch. As an example, FIG. 6 shows an example in which there is a difference of a half tone between the melody pitch and the normal melody pitch. In FIG. 6, first, the accompaniment is played at a pitch at which the sound C is 440 Hz. The regular melody pitch is C tone (440Hz)
However, the melody pitch sung by the singer corresponds to the C # sound. In such a case, if the pitch matching operation described in the first embodiment is performed, the C sound of the accompaniment is changed to another key instead of the C # sound. Such a feeling of modulation not only greatly influences the tune, but also may make it difficult for the singer to find a regular pitch. Rather, when there is a very large pitch difference, it may be preferable to avoid performing the pitch matching operation and expect the singer to return to the correct pitch.

From the above considerations, it is the present embodiment that the pitch matching operation is performed only when the pitch difference between the melody pitch and the normal melody pitch is equal to or less than a predetermined value. This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a state diagram in which the melody pitch and the normal melody pitch in Embodiment 3 are different from each other by 音 tone, and FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing Embodiment 3 of the MIDI karaoke apparatus of the present invention.

The MIDI karaoke apparatus of the present invention as shown in FIG. 7 is a pitch difference judging device 1 branched from a pitch comparator 12 and connected to a sample hold circuit (S / H) 14.
6 is provided. The pitch difference judging means described in claim 3 corresponds to the pitch difference judging device 16 in the third embodiment, and the pitch holding means is realized by the S / H 14.

The MIDI of the present invention configured as described above
The operation of the characteristic portion in the karaoke apparatus will be described.

The pitch difference determiner 16 in FIG. 7 determines whether or not the pitch difference between the melody pitch and the normal melody pitch is less than a certain value. If the pitch difference between the melody pitch and the normal melody pitch is equal to or less than the set value, the melody pitch and the normal melody pitch are operated using S / H14 as a sample mode. If the pitch difference between the melody pitch and the normal melody pitch is equal to or greater than the set value, for example, 1/4 note, the pitch matching operation is not performed in S / H14, and the accompaniment pitch holds the result of the previous pitch matching action. . As a result, even when a very large difference occurs between the melody pitch and the normal melody pitch as described above, the melody sung by the singer and the accompaniment are in harmony without the transposition of the pitch occurring. In addition, the singer himself can quickly return to the correct pitch. Subsequent operations are the same as those described above.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can adopt various embodiments. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the MIDI karaoke apparatus has been described as an example. However, the present invention can also be applied to a karaoke apparatus that performs an accompaniment performance using music data from an electronic music device other than MIDI. In addition, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, but can be developed in various forms.

[0038]

According to the accompaniment performance device and the performance method thereof according to the first and fifth aspects, when singing using the karaoke device, the accompaniment pitch of the karaoke device is changed in accordance with the melody pitch of the singer. Even a singer who does not have the ability to sing at the pitch can enjoy karaoke by singing the music at the same pitch.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the pitch matching operation of matching the accompaniment pitch of the karaoke apparatus to the melody pitch of the singer is limited to long notes. Even in the part, the melody pitch sung by the singer and the accompaniment pitch can be harmonized without discomfort.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the pitch matching operation for matching the melody pitch of the singer to the melody pitch of the karaoke apparatus is limited to the case where the pitch difference between the melody pitch and the normal melody pitch is equal to or smaller than a set value. As a result, the singer can continue singing without feeling the transposition of the pitch, and also has the effect that the singer himself can return to the correct pitch quickly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing Embodiment 1 of a MIDI karaoke apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a state diagram in which a melody pitch and a normal melody pitch according to the first embodiment are matched.

FIG. 3 is a state diagram of extracting a melody pitch from a frequency spectrum of a melody signal according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing Embodiment 2 of a MIDI karaoke apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a state diagram for matching a melody pitch with a normal melody pitch only when the melody pitch is equal to or longer than a set pitch in the second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a state diagram in a case where the melody pitch and the normal melody pitch in Embodiment 3 are different from each other by 音 tone.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing Embodiment 3 of a MIDI karaoke apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional MIDI karaoke apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Microphone, 2 ... Microphone amplifier, 3 ... Equalizer / echo device, 4 ... Mixer, 5 ... Output amplifier, 6 ... Speaker, 7 ... MIDI data, 8 ... MIDI decoder, 9
... tone generator, 10 ... tone reference clock, 11 ... melody interval extractor, 12 ... interval comparator, 13 ... normal melody interval generator, 14 ... S / H, 15 ... pitch determiner, 16 ... interval difference judgment vessel

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An accompaniment performance device for generating an accompaniment signal interval for singing from music data, a melody interval extraction unit for extracting an interval of a singer's melody signal input from a voice input unit, Regular melody pitch generating means for generating a pitch of a normal melody signal from the melody scale information of data and the pitch information of an accompaniment signal; a pitch comparison means for comparing a pitch of the melody signal with a pitch of the normal melody signal; An accompaniment performance comprising: a pitch varying means for changing a pitch of the accompaniment signal based on a result of the pitch comparing means such that a pitch of the melody signal matches a pitch of the regular melody signal. apparatus. 2. An accompaniment performance device comprising: a pitch holding means for holding a pitch of an accompaniment signal changed by the pitch varying means; When the pitch is determined to be longer than the pitch by the pitch determining means, only the portion longer than the pitch is activated by operating the pitch varying means to determine the pitch of the melody signal and the normal 2. The musical accompaniment performance device according to claim 1, wherein the musical interval of the melody signal is made coincident, and the musical interval of the accompaniment signal held in the musical interval holding means is output in other portions. 3. An accompaniment performance device comprising: a pitch holding means for holding a pitch of an accompaniment signal changed by the pitch varying means; and an output of the pitch comparing means, and extracting a pitch of the melody signal and a regular melody. A pitch difference determining means for determining a pitch difference between the signal pitch and the preset pitch difference or less, and when the pitch difference determining means determines the pitch difference or less, only the portion below the pitch difference, The pitch changing means is operated to match the pitch of the melody signal with the pitch of the normal melody signal, and outputs the accompaniment signal held by the pitch holding means in other portions. Item 7. An accompaniment performance device according to Item 1. 4. The accompaniment performance device according to claim 1, wherein the music data is MIDI data. 5. A performance method for an accompaniment performance device for generating an accompaniment signal interval for singing from music data, comprising: a melody interval extraction procedure for extracting an interval of a singer's melody signal input from a voice input unit; A normal melody pitch generation procedure for generating a pitch of a normal melody signal from the melody scale information of the music data and the pitch information of the accompaniment signal; and a pitch comparison for comparing the pitch of the melody signal with the pitch of the normal melody signal. And a pitch changing step of changing a pitch of the accompaniment signal based on a result of the pitch comparison procedure such that a pitch of the melody signal matches a pitch of the regular melody signal. How to play the accompaniment device.