JPS60258635A - Position controller - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to the technical field of controlling movement of a cursor on a cathode ray tube. In particular, the present invention uses an optical exchanger to change the movement of the optical exchanger over a surface to a corresponding
The present invention relates to a device for controlling cursor movement by converting into axis and Y-axis signals.

(Prior art) There is an increasing need to simplify the operation of computers and make them easier for people who have not received advanced training and do not have technical ability to use computers. It has become.

An effective technology for this purpose is the cathode ray tube, or CR
Selection points are provided on T and the user operates a cursor to select one of the selection points.

The most common known technique is to control a cursor using a so-called mouse.

The cursor is displayed on the CRT as a dot or line that can be moved. A mouse consists of a small box, or housing, and can be moved freely on a horizontal surface such as a desk. The cursor basically follows the movement of the mouse. That is, when you move the mouse horizontally, the cursor also moves horizontally.

Early mice were mechanical. This type of mouse is known from Hawley, U.S. Pat. No. 3,892,9.
It is disclosed in the specification of No. 63. The movable housing of this mouse has two position axles that rotate about two orthogonal axes.

The axis of one wheel is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the housing, and the axis of the other wheel is aligned with the horizontal axis of the housing. Each axle is coupled to a respective optical encoder, and each optical encoder sends a signal to the computer to control movement of the cursor about one axis of the CRT.

The cursor is a vector that follows the movement of the mouse.

The mouse moves along a vector formed with respect to the vertically upward direction on the CRT at an angle formed by a vector in the forward direction of the vertical axis of the mouse. In this way, the cursor itself follows the movement of the mouse, but in its plane of movement takes a direction distinct from the direction of movement of the mouse.

Other mechanical mice include Engelbart (E
U.S. Pat. No. 3,541,541 to Koster, U.S. Pat.
No. 41,521 and US Pat. No. 4,303,914 to Page.

These mechanical mice are necessarily subject to various mechanical limitations. For example, there must always be sufficient frictional contact between the horizontal surface and the positioning axle.

Furthermore, the manufacturing costs are relatively high in order to obtain the required mechanical tolerances.

Mechanical mice are also susceptible to mechanical wear and are easily damaged if dropped.

Meyer U.S. Patent No. 3,297,87
No. 9 discloses an encoder that can overcome many of the above-mentioned drawbacks.

In one embodiment of the Mayer encoder, a constant grating of mutually orthogonal sets of non-reflective strips is formed on a reflective surface.

A light source and four photocells are integrated into the movable readhead. A light source illuminates the grid, and a photocell
Detect the reflected light from the grating. In front of the phototubes is a plate having four sets of transmission slits, two of which are aligned with each set of parallel non-reflective strips. It is arranged to cooperate with the transmission slit. The respective two sets of transmission slits associated with each set of strips are arranged to be out of phase.

As the readhead is moved, light is reflected from the reflective sections between the non-reflective strips.

The amount of light that impinges on each phototube through the intervening slit oscillates between bright and dark, so that each phototube outputs a pulsating signal. The number of pulsations depends on the number of intersecting strips and indicates the distance traveled.

Furthermore, since the transmission slits are not in phase,
When the read head moves in one direction, the output of one of the two correspondingly arranged phototubes changes first, and when the head moves in the other direction, the output of the other phototube changes first. Changes to In this way, the encoder can sense direction.

Mayer also discloses an apparatus for generating two signals, each representing one mutually orthogonal direction. However, the housing of Mayer's device is subject to physical limitations since it must maintain a constant angle with respect to the horizontal plane. For that purpose, the housing
4-bar parallel linkage, must be mounted on orthogonal parallel guides to form the x-y coordinates.

The Mayer device is also inconvenient in that it requires a horizontal surface and an optically readable mark.

U.S. Patent No. 4,390 to Kirsch
, 873 (hereinafter referred to as Kirsch (1)),
A device that optically emulates a conventional mechanical mouse.
Disclosed.

The mouse according to Kirsch (1) has a light source and four quadrants (fou
a housing having a photocell (r-quadrant); a surface over which the housing moves that is optically bright and dark and has a checkerboard pattern representing the state of the individually designated position; and a read-only memory. It consists of a logic circuit with Each square in the checkerboard pattern determines the position state in two directions at the same position.

As the housing moves over the surface, logic circuitry interprets the outputs from all four photocells and refers to a read-only memory to determine the position state in which the housing is located;
and output a signal indicating the position of the housing with respect to the surface.

Although the Kirsch (1) mouse is not subject to physical limitations, it has many of the same drawbacks as other conventional optical mice.

Kirsch (1)'s mouse can only determine movement in two directions with respect to only the surface, due to the pattern placed on its surface and the assignment of each marker representing the position state. That is, the cursor moves relative to the markings on the surface. For example, the longitudinal axis of the housing has an angle with respect to the line defining the checkerboard pattern on the surface, and the housing
Moving parallel to those lines will move the cursor either horizontally or vertically.

In this way, the mouse developed by Kirsch (1), unlike conventional mechanical mice, can sense the direction of movement of the mouse itself with respect to the pattern on the surface.

Rotating the mouse more than 45 degrees in any direction from the direction indicated by the pattern on the surface will affect the interpreted signal.

Furthermore, in the case of the Kirsch (1) mouse, the output of the four-quadrant phototube must be encoded so that it can be used in a conventional computer.

Another optical mouse is disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,364,035, also by Kirsch (hereinafter Kirsch (2)).

This patent discloses a reader/\rad consisting of a movable sensing device sliding over a surface having two groups of parallel vertical lines, each with a different color. This detection device is equipped with a light source that generates each color of light alternately and sequentially. Four photodetectors are placed to receive the light reflected from the surface.

By measuring the emission time of each color of light and the time of the output signal of the sensing device, an electrical signal is obtained representing the reflection from each set of colored wire clusters.

These signals are used to reliably determine the crossing of a line, thereby allowing a signal for the position of the cursor to be obtained.

The mouse according to Kirsch (2) also has the disadvantage that the output displays the movement of the housing with respect to the pattern on the surface. That is, this mouse similarly senses direction with respect to a surface.

Additionally, the use of two colors makes the overall mouse device more complex than a one-color device.

That is, it is necessary to mark the surface with different colors. Two light sources need to be incorporated into the device. Furthermore, depending on the device that receives the signal, it is necessary to provide a clock device for alternately operating each light source.

In addition, in order for a grid consisting of two colors to be usable,
The use of foreign ink and the need to accurately control its amount make the grid difficult and expensive to manufacture.

(Means for Solving the Problems) A first object of the present invention is to provide an optical mouse.

A second object of the invention is to provide a mouse that uses a single light source.

A third object of the invention is to provide a mouse whose output is related only to its movement and independent of its relative direction on the plane of movement.

A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a mouse that can measure movement in all directions, regardless of the direction with respect to the pattern on the movement surface.

A fifth object of the invention is to provide a mouse with a reflective surface that can be patterned using conventional ink or paint.

A sixth object of the present invention is to implement a four-quadrant method.
An object of the present invention is to provide a smart mouse using decoding technology according to re).

A seventh object of the present invention is to provide a mouse that can determine the direction of movement with respect to itself, independent of the directionality of the pattern on the movement surface.

The eighth object of the present invention is to
The object is to provide a mouse that can provide a lot of information regarding direction and movement.

A ninth object of the present invention is to provide a cursor position control device that is inexpensive to manufacture, easy to operate, and mechanically robust.

A tenth object of the present invention is that between the photodetecting device and the grating,
An object of the present invention is to provide a mouse that does not require a slit plate.

In the present invention, light emitted by a light source is reflected by a reflective surface and hits four photosensitive button devices arranged in a square. A light source and a light-sensitive button device are fixed inside a housing that is movable on a reflective surface.

The patterns on the reflective surface include groups of orthogonal straight lines, hexagons,
Or a grid of curved segments.

Alternatively, it can be a matrix of squares, hexagons or circles. This pattern is optically imaged onto the four light-sensitive button devices, and the width of the line segment is optically expanded to correspond to the distance between the center points of the adjacent force-sensitive devices. .

As the housing moves, the magnified image of the illuminated pattern moves across the four force sensing devices. As a result of this movement, the force sensing device senses a change in light intensity and generates an electrical signal representative of the traversal of the line and interline sections.

Electrical signals output from the force sensing device are input to four amplifiers. The output of each amplifier is low when light is reflected to the corresponding force sensing device, but high when the reflected light is very weak or absent.

The output of the amplifier is input to the corresponding conbalameter,
The comparameter opens and closes when the output voltage of the amplifier exceeds a predetermined threshold. The output of the conbalameter is input to the microcomputer.

The electrical signals generated by the force sensing device are converted into directional information by correlating the order of change of the signal with the relative position of the force sensing device within the housing.

Information about distance is obtained by counting the number of changes in the signal as a function of direction.

Four force sensing devices fixed in a square shape inside the housing are arranged at right angles with respect to the housing. This allows horizontal movement of the housing to be controlled by either the upper two force sensing devices or the lower two force sensing devices.
Detection can be done by knowing the order of changes in the signals in any of the force sensing devices.

Since the line width of the pattern imaged onto the photosensitive button device cannot include all force sensing devices at the same time, for example, a pair of force sensing devices consisting of the upper two force sensing devices If it is included in a horizontal line segment of the pattern, the movement in the horizontal direction can be sensed using the other pair of force sensing devices consisting of the lower two force sensing devices, for example.

Similarly, vertical movement can be translated based on the order of change of the signals in either the left two force sensing devices or the right two force sensing devices.

In this way, changes in the image of the pattern can be correlated to the movement of the force-sensing device identified within the housing, and X-
It is clear that the method of converting to Y information is not affected by the orientation of the housing with respect to the pattern.

X-Y information regarding distance and direction is output to drive a cursor whose position changes in response to the information provided.

(Example) Hereinafter, an electro-optic mouse according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a position control device (1) that can move on a surface (3).

This device 1 (1) consists of a housing (5), a light source (7) and a detection device (9). The light source (7) includes
Power is supplied by conductors (11) and (13).

The detection device (9) comprises a light detection array (15) which receives the light reflected by the surface (3) and transmitted via the imaging lens (17). The conductor (19) is connected to the array (1
5) Send the signal coming from. The light source (5) and the detector (9) are each firmly fixed to the housing (5) by fastening devices attached to the inner chambers (21) (23).

The housing (5) is fitted with low-friction spacers (25) (27) for lifting its body, and the housing (5) is attached to the surface (25) (27) at a distance necessary to satisfy the optical magnification. 3) includes a lens (17) and a detection device (9) placed above the sensor.

The spacers (25) (27) are made of a material that minimizes wear on the surface (3) and allows easy sliding of the housing (5) over the surface.

In the preferred embodiment shown, the light source (7) is a light emitting diode (LED).

The light source (7) preferably emits light in the red or infrared part of the spectrum. The light shielding member (29) prevents the light source (7) from directly irradiating the detector w (9). Preferably, the light source (7) is mounted so that it is placed close to the surface (3).

This ensures that the light emitted from the light source (7) illuminates a fairly narrow portion of the surface (3) with a higher light intensity than if it were placed further apart.

As is clear from FIG. 2, the photodetection array (15) is
It consists of four photodetectors. Hereafter, this is (A)
, (B), (C) and (D). The photodetector array (15) is a regular quadrant array of photodetectors. Each detector individually responds to radiant energy striking its surface by generating a current proportional to the intensity of the radiant energy.

FIG. 3 shows two possible examples for the optical contrast of surface (3).

These optical contrasts are common in the field of conventional printing technology. The region (33) and the non-reflective line segment are
It is made of the usual materials, but may also be made of contrasting colors. For example, it is preferable to have black line segments printed on white or light-colored paper. In some cases, a piece of transparent photographic film with spaced apart black line segments can be placed over the reflective surface.

In Figure 3a, a small non-reflective line segment (31) applied to the fermentation surface defines a square reflective area (33). In another example (not shown), an array of non-reflective areas corresponding in position and size to area (33) is applied to the reflective surface. In this case, the non-reflective parts attached to the reflective surface form reflective grid-like line segments that correspond to the line segments (31) in terms of position and size.

In either example, each line segment has a width equal to one arbitrary unit, and each square region has sides equal to two arbitrary units long.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3b, the line segment (31
) form a hexagonal area (33).

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that highly repetitive patterns are preferred and the two patterns shown in the third figure are merely examples. The line segment ('31) may be circular and the area (33) may be a non-reflective disc.

When light is emitted from a light source (7) and reflected by a surface (3), an optically contrasting pattern consisting of segments (31) and regions (33) is detected by a detector (15) of a light detection array (15).
A) (B) (C) (D) are optically imaged. When the image is illuminated on the detection array (15), the segment (31
) is magnified approximately equal to the distance between the centers of the segments. For example, the width of the segment (31) is 0.25 mm (0.25 mm).
, 01 inches), and the detector spacing was 1.27 m.

(0.05 inch), a 5x magnification is required.

The surface projected onto the four detectors of the photodetection array (15) (
The appearance of part 3) is shown in FIG. 3a as twelve different positions of the housing (5). A surface (
3) is projected onto the projection surface using detectors (A) and (B).
)(C)(D) are shown superimposed. As is clear from the figure, any one unit of the surface is projected onto one detector.

Rows (1), (u), and (I[[) in Figure 3a each move the housing (5) four steps from left to right.

Columns (1') (n') (m') are housing (
5) is moved three steps from the top to the bottom.

Although each position is separated from its adjacent position by a distance of four arbitrary units, as shown in Figure 3a, in the following discussion, it will be assumed that an adjacent position is separated from any one unit by a distance of four units. Let us treat this adjacent position as if it represented successive movement steps.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram for a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Resistors (41) (43) (45) are power supply (46)
connected in series to the terminals of The common cathode (47) of the photodetector array (15) is connected at the connection between the resistors (41) (42).

The anodes of the detectors (A), (BMC), and (D) are each electrically connected to a respective negative input port of the corresponding boat of the amplifiers (57), (59), (61), and (63). These amplifiers may be quad amplifiers, for example using cut amplifier TLO64.

Each amplifier has two input ports and one output port. The output port of each amplifier is.

They are electrically connected to the negative input port of the same amplifier via resistors (65), (67), (69), and (71), respectively.

The positive input ports of the amplifiers (57) (59) (61) (63) are electrically connected in common to a connection (73), and this connection is connected to a common cathode.

The reference voltage supplied to the second positive input port of each amplifier and the common cathode of the detector is equal to the first predetermined value.

The output port of each amplifier is the comparator (75) (77)
(79) to the positive input boat of the corresponding boat in (81),
The negative input ports of the six electrically connected comparators (75) (77) (79) (81) are electrically connected in common to the connection (83) between the resistors (43) (45). Connected. The limit voltage supplied to the negative input port of each ratio is equal to a second predetermined value.

Those skilled in the art will understand that each amplifier (57) (59) (61)
(63) and comparators (75) (77) (79)
It should be realized that instead of (8t), a high gain comparator can be used.

The output port of each comparator is a microcomputer (85
), and switches (87), (89), and (91) are connected to the microcomputer.

A capacitor (93) and a resistor (95) are connected in series with respect to the supply voltage. This circuit consists of a connection (97) between a capacitor (93) and a resistor (95).
It is electrically connected to the reset input port of the microcomputer (85). A host (not shown) is connected to the microcomputer via an inverter (99) and an inverter (101).

A clock (
103) provides a clock signal.

The microcomputer (85) is electrically connected to the light source (7) via an inverter (105) and a resistor (107) connected in series. The microcomputer (85) is electrically connected to the power supply (10'9) and the power supply decoupling device (111).

During operation, the operator grasps the housing (5) and slides it on the surface (3) to move it in any direction.

The light source (7) is positioned such that the emitted light impinges on the surface (3). Light is reflected when it hits the reflective area (33) and is reflected from the non-reflective segment (31).
If it collides with an object, it will be absorbed. The detection device (9) is positioned such that the light emitted by the light source (7) and reflected by the area (33) is detected by the photodetection array (15).

Each detector in the array (15) detects light individually.

A signal is emitted in response to the light impinging on the surface (3).

The detector (A) sends a signal to the amplifier (57), the detector (A) to the amplifier (59), the detector (C) to the amplifier (63), and the detector (D) to the amplifier (61). Each amplifier provides an output voltage that becomes negative as the input signal increases relative to the reference voltage.

Thus, as light is reflected to the detector, the output of the corresponding amplifier becomes "smaller". When the detector detects no light (for example when facing a non-reflective segment on the surface (3)), the output of the corresponding amplifier will be 'large'.

The outputs of the amplifiers (57) (59) (61) <63) are sent to respective comparators (75) (77) (79). Each comparator is configured to switch when the output voltage of the corresponding amplifier matches a threshold voltage. Comparator (75) (77) (79) (81
) is connected at normal speed to a microcomputer (85) which reads the output pattern.

At each position shown in Figure 3a, the binary output read by the microcomputer (85) is as shown in the table below.

Hill 1 'rLL Line ABCD ABCD ABCD lolo 1011 1110 0000 0011 1.100 0101 0111 1101 1010 1011' 1110 Anus Anus Adan ABCD ABCD ABCD lolo 0000 010 1 1011 0011 0111 1110 1100 1101 The coded output is passed through the comparator ( 75) (77) (
79) is sent from (81) to the microcomputer (85).

The microcomputer (85) has a detector (A) and (
B) converting the output produced by (or (C,) and (D)) into horizontal displacement data and the output produced by detectors A and C (or B and D) into vertical displacement data; By reading the coded output patterns, the microcomputer (85) determines the distance and direction of movement of the mouse.6 FIG. It shows an AB output pattern for moving the mouse to the left.

The sequence of AB states for a left-to-right movement is as follows.

10 00 01 10 00 01...The sequence of states of AB for movement from right to left is as follows.

IQ 01 00 10 01 00...When the microcomputer (85) processes the output turns coded for each detector of A and B, the direction of movement for each step in which the numbers of the double pattern are changed. is determined.

The horizontal movement of the cursor is controlled according to the direction of mouse movement determined by the microcomputer (85). The cursor is a microcomputer (85
) moves one unit to the right or left for each arbitrary unit moved by the mouse in response to a command from

The microcomputer (85) uses an AC (
or BD) Control the vertical movement of the cursor by processing output patterns.

Note, however, that the AB output pattern for mouse movement along line 2 does not change.

The sequence of AB states is as follows.

11 11 11 11... Similarly, the AC output cover turn for the mouse movement along the first column ■ does not change, and the BD for the mouse movement along the column ■
C for exit cover turn and mouse movement along row H
The D output cover turn also does not change.

The microcomputer (85) is characterized in that it is unrelated to the state 11 no matter when it occurs. For example, even if the AB output becomes 11, the microcomputer (85) automatically switches to convert the CD output. The microcomputer (85) continues to convert the received CD output until the CD output reaches 11, at which time the microcomputer (85) switches to converting the AB output.

In this way, the microcomputer (85) uses A to continuously obtain horizontal position signals for cursor adjustment.
Converts either B or CD output alternately. Similarly, the microcomputer (85) is adapted to switch back and forth between AC and 80 to obtain a vertical position signal continuously.

A person skilled in the art will readily understand that the outputs of the detectors A, B, C, D are independent of the orientation of the surface (3). In other words, detector A.

The change in state of B, C, and D depends only on the movement of the mouse relative to itself.

In other words, in one mouse of the present invention, horizontal movement of the mouse affects horizontal cursor movement independently of the vertical direction of the mouse with respect to the grid pattern.

Thus, the rotation of the mouse, unlike prior art mice, does not significantly affect its output and is not limited to providing information in only two directions (i.e., due to the surface grid pattern or the physical mechanism comprising the mouse). limited by).

The microcomputer (85) is a capacitor (93)
and a resistor (95). In addition to outputting commands to the host via the inverter (101), the microcomputer (85) receives commands from the host via the inverter (99).

Electric power is supplied from a power source (109). In addition, the light source (7) is a microcomputer (85)
controlled by command output.

In the embodiments described above, cursor movement can be adjusted by movement of the hand belt mouse.

The above description of the preferred embodiments is illustrative only and is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention. Changes and modifications that do not depart from the scope of the invention are valid.

For example, the optical contrast surface and light source can be replaced by a surface with a magnetic label, and the detection device can be replaced by a magnetic read-out transducer. Further, those skilled in the art will easily understand that the reflective surface can be replaced by a transmissive surface as partially shown in FIG.

In this embodiment, a light source (7) and a light detection device (9)
It is clear that it is necessary to provide it so as to face the transmission surface (3'). In that case, the light source (7) and the detector (9) will be movable and coupled so that their movements can cooperate.

A direct coupling device suitable for Figure 6 may use a pair of opposing annular magnets, one of which is fixed to the light source (7) and the other magnet to the detector (9). .

As mentioned above, various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention described in the claims.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of an electro-optic mouse according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a four-light detection array used in the mouse shown in FIG. Figures 3a and 3b are plan views showing possible grid pattern sections according to the invention. This shows the positional relationship of the area observed by the photodetection array shown in the second figure with respect to the grating pattern. FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram used in a mouse device according to the present invention. FIG. 5 shows that the area observed by the photodetector array is moved within the A and B quadrants of the photodetector array as it moves in the direction of either row (I) or row (II) of FIG. 3 is a graph showing the detector cover turn that appears when FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the optical mouse according to the present invention. (1) Position control device (3) (3') surface (5) housing (7) light source (9) detection device! (11) (13) (L9) Conductive wire (15) Photodetection array (17) Imaging lens (21)
(23) Shelf (25) (27) Spacer (29) Optical member (31) Line segment (33) Area (41
) (43) (45) Resistor (46) Power supply (47)
Cathode (57) (59) (61) (63) Amplifier (6
5) (67) (69) (71) Resistor (73) Connection (75) (77) (79) (81) Comparator (83) Connection (85) Microcomputer (87) (89) (91 ) Switch (93) Capacitor (95) Resistor (97) Connection (99) (101) Inverter (103) Clock (105) Inverter (107) Resistor (109) Power supply (111) Power supply decoupling device (A ) (B) (C:) (D) Detector (x) (n) (m) row (1') (n') (III')
Sections of column drawings - (No change in content) FIG, / FIG, 3σ □ -" 1] → zJ'x' FIG, 5 FIG, 6 Procedural amendment written form) July 4, 1985 Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office Manabu Shiga 1, Indication of the case 1985 Patent Application No. 032953 2, Title of the invention Position control device 3, Relationship with the person making the amendment Case Name of patent applicant Name Sama Graphics Corporation S, Date of amendment order Showa May 8, 1960 (Shipping date: May 28, 1985) 6. Subject of amendment (1) Applicant column in the application (2) Power of attorney and its translation (3) Detailed explanation of the invention in the specification column and a column for a brief explanation of the drawing (4) Drawing

Claims (33)

[Claims] (1) (a) A surface comprising a plurality of first line segments arranged in parallel, each of the plurality of first line segments having a width different from the distance separating the segments, and wherein the segments The area forming one surface and not occupied by the line segment forms a second surface, one of the first and second surfaces being reflective and the remaining one being non-reflective. (b) a housing movable over said surface; (c) a light emitting device fixed to said housing and oriented in the direction of said surface; and (d) illuminated by said light emitting device. a position control device comprising: a light sensing device affixed to the housing for receiving light reflected by the reflective surface and generating an electrical output signal; (2) a coding device connected to the electrical output signal to convert the electrical output signal into a binary code signal;
receiving the binary code signal and converting the signal into data corresponding to a direction and distance moved by the housing along an axis oriented in a first direction with respect to a plurality of first line segments; In order to control the position of the cursor etc., in order to correspond to the data,
A position control device such as a cursor according to claim 1, further comprising a decoding device connected to the output position. (3) The photodetecting device includes a first photosensitive surface and a second photosensitive surface,
A position control device for a cursor or the like according to claim 1, wherein the first photosensitive surface and the second photosensitive surface receive light from an area adjacent thereto. (4) The surface has a plurality of second line segments arranged in parallel, these second line segments intersect with the plurality of first line segments, and each of the plurality of second line segments Q has a width of a plurality of second line segments. A position control device such as a cursor according to claim 3, wherein the distance separating the second line segments is different from the distance separating the second line segments, and the plurality of second line segments form part of the first surface. (5) A position control device such as a cursor according to claim (4), wherein the plurality of second line segments are substantially orthogonal to the plurality of first line segments. (6) The photodetecting device further includes a third photosensitive surface and a fourth photosensitive surface, and the third photosensitive surface and the fourth photosensitive surface receive light from regions of the surface adjacent to each other. 5. A position control device for a cursor or the like according to claim 4, wherein the first photosensitive surface and the second photosensitive surface are configured to send light to each area where the light is received. (7) Each segment has a predetermined width, and each space defines an area having a distance from a side surface to an opposing surface approximately equal to twice the predetermined width.
6) A position control device such as a cursor as described in item 6). (8) a coding device connected to receive the electrical output signal and convert it into a binary code signal; connected to convert and correspond to said data to control a cursor etc.
A position control device such as a cursor according to claim 6, further comprising a decoding device connected to the output position signal. (9) A position control device for a cursor or the like according to claim (8), wherein the light emitting device is a light emitting diode. (10) The coding device includes first to fourth amplifiers and first to fourth comparators, and the amplifiers and the comparators respectively connect the first manpower port, the second manpower port, and the output port. 9. The position control device for a cursor or the like according to claim 8, wherein the output port of each of the amplifiers is connected to a corresponding one of the first human-powered boats of the comparator. (11) The decoding device includes a microcomputer having first to fourth input ports, and the output port of each comparator outputs a pair of binary code signals to the microcomputer, A position control device for a cursor or the like according to claim 10, wherein the device is connected to a corresponding one of the first to fourth input ports of the microcomputer. (12) The first to fourth photosensitive surfaces are integrally formed as four photosensitive button devices, and each of the four photosensitive button devices is connected to one first manual boat corresponding to the amplifier. Claim No. (11) having an output port connected to
A position control device such as a cursor described in Section 1. (13) According to claim (11), the input port of the amplifier is connected in parallel with a predetermined reference voltage, and the second manual port of the comparator is connected in parallel with a predetermined limit voltage. position control device such as a cursor. (14) Claim 11, wherein the light-emitting device comprises a light-emitting diode, and a microcomputer is operably connected to the light-emitting diode to control light irradiation by the light-emitting diode. A position control device such as a cursor described in Section 1. (15) The coding device has first to fourth output ports, and the decoding device has one of the first output port and the second output port, and the third output port and the fourth output port, Position control of a cursor or the like as claimed in claim (8) for translating a plurality of pairs of binary code signals into data corresponding to the distance and direction moved by the housing along a first direction. Device. (16) The decoding device, at either the first output port or the third output port, or the second output port or the fourth output port,
Translating the plurality of pairs of binary code signals into data corresponding to the distance and direction moved by the housing in a second direction substantially orthogonal to the first direction. Position control devices such as cursors described in ). (17) The decoding device includes a recognition device and a switching device,
A switching device acts on the decoding device at two of the output ports of the coding device in response to the recognition device recognizing the plurality of pairs of no-information signal outputs on the other two of the output devices of the coding device. 17. A position control device, such as a cursor, as claimed in claim 16, wherein the device translates a plurality of pairs of binary code signal outputs at two of the output ports of the coding device. (18) The microcomputer includes a recognition device and a switching device, and when the recognition device recognizes a plurality of pairs of predetermined non-information signal outputs based on comparison amounts of other pairs, the switching device , acting on the microcomputer to translate the signal output into a plurality of pairs of signal outputs by a pair of the comparators. (19) In order to magnify the light reflected by the unit of the reflective surface, an optical device is further provided between the surface and the photosensitive button device, and the light reflected by the unit is further provided. The unit is configured such that when the light magnified by the optical device impinges on the light sensitive button device, this light has a cross section that approximately corresponds in size to the distance between the centers of the light sensitive button devices. Claim 1 (1) in which the region is formed
2) A position control device such as a cursor as described in item 2). (20) (a) A surface having a first plurality of line segments arranged in parallel, wherein each part of the first plurality of line segments is equal to the distance separating adjacent first plurality of line segments. and wherein the first plurality of line segments form a first surface, the area not occupied by the line segments forms a second surface, and the first surface has a first effect on light; (b) a light emitting device movable in the direction of the surface; (c) the second surface having a second effect on light;
connected for vertical movement to the light emitting device for receiving light emitted by the light emitting device impinging on one of the surfaces, the receiver generating an electrical output signal in response to the received light; A position control device such as a cursor comprising a movable light emitting device. (21) the surface further comprises a second plurality of line segments, the second plurality of line segments intersects the first plurality of line segments, and each portion of the second plurality of segments is different from the second plurality of line segments; Claim 20, wherein the second line segment is different from the distance separating adjacent portions of the line segment, and the second line segment forms part of the first surface.
A position control device such as a cursor described in Section 1. (22) A position control device for a cursor or the like according to claim (21), wherein the first and second line segments are lines that are orthogonal to each other. (23) (a) A surface having a first plurality of line segments arranged in parallel, each portion of the first plurality of line segments being different from the distance between the line segments; 1 of the plurality of line segments form a first surface, the space not occupied by the line segments forms a second surface, said first surface has a first effect on light, and said first surface has a first effect on light; The surface is against the light,
(b) a first electrical output when scanning said first surface;
A position control device, such as a cursor, comprising a transducer movable relative to the second surface to generate a second electrical output when scanning the second surface. (24) The transducer comprises first and second transducers for scanning adjacent regions of the surface, each transducer having a first
A position control device such as a cursor according to claim 23, which generates an electrical output or a second electrical output. (25) The surface has a third plurality of line segments arranged in parallel and a third plurality of line segments arranged in parallel, and the second and third line segments are
connected to a first plurality of line segments, each portion of the second and third plurality of line segments having a distance between the second and third plurality of line segments, respectively;
the second and third plurality of line segments form part of a first surface, and the first, second and third line segments surround an area that constitutes a second surface. A position control device for a cursor or the like according to claim (24). (26) The conversion device further includes third and fourth transuders, and the third and fourth transuders are adjacent to each other and adjacent to each region scanned by the first and second transuders. 26. A position control device, such as a cursor, as claimed in claim 25, which scans an area and wherein the third and fourth transducers generate first and second electrical outputs. (27) (a) to enclose and define an array of regions;
a surface having connected curved segments, the curved segments forming a first surface, the enclosed area comprising:
(b) a surface forming a second surface, the first surface having a first effect on light, and the second surface having a second effect on light; When scanning the first surface,
generating a first output signal and scanning the second surface;
and a transducer movable over said surface to generate an electrical output signal °. (28) A position control device such as a cursor according to claim (27), wherein the enclosed space is a rectangle. (29) A position control device such as a cursor according to claim (27), wherein the enclosed space is hexagonal. (30) A position control device such as a cursor according to claim (27), wherein the enclosed space is circular. (31) a coding device connected to receive the electrical output signal and convert the signal into a binary code signal; and a coding device connected to receive the electrical output signal and convert the signal into a binary code signal; Claim (27) further comprising a decoding device connected to convert the data into data corresponding to distance and direction and to control the position of a cursor or the like so as to correspond to the data. A position control device such as a cursor described in . (32) The coding device includes first to fourth output ports, and the decoding device includes a plurality of pairs of two output ports at two points of the output ports and two other points of the output ports.
A position control device, such as a cursor, according to claim 31, which translates a forward code signal into data corresponding to the distance and direction moved by the conversion device along a first direction. . (33) The decoding device includes an identification device and a switching device,
The switching device activates the decoding device. At two of the output ports, in response to said identification device identifying a predetermined pair of informationless binary code signals at two of the output ports; A position control device such as a cursor according to claim (32). Engraving of the statement (no changes to the contents)