JPS6111680B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6111680B2 JPS6111680B2 JP55160036A JP16003680A JPS6111680B2 JP S6111680 B2 JPS6111680 B2 JP S6111680B2 JP 55160036 A JP55160036 A JP 55160036A JP 16003680 A JP16003680 A JP 16003680A JP S6111680 B2 JPS6111680 B2 JP S6111680B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- alcohol
- chloride
- waste
- solvent
- extraction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- YKYOUMDCQGMQQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L cadmium dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Cd]Cl YKYOUMDCQGMQQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical group C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 HCl Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010852 non-hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、都市ゴミ、廃水処理工程からでるス
ラツジ等を焼却した際に排出されるダスト等の塩
化物含有廃棄物から、有害なCdCl2とZnCl2を抽
出除去して無害な廃棄物に変換する方法に関す
る。[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention extracts and removes harmful CdCl 2 and ZnCl 2 from chloride-containing wastes such as dust discharged when municipal garbage and sludge from wastewater treatment processes are incinerated. and how to convert it into non-hazardous waste.
都市ゴミ、廃水処理工程からでるスラツジ等を
焼却した際に排出されるダスト等の廃棄物には有
害な重金属であるカドミウムと亜鉛が塩化物の形
態、すなわちCdCl2とZnCl2として含まれてい
る。ところが、これら有害な廃棄物はその処理方
法が確立されておらず、そのまま埋立投棄されて
いるのが現状である。このため有害なCdCl2と
ZnCl2が雨水などにより溶出して埋立地周辺の環
境を汚染する心配がある。 Dust and other wastes emitted when municipal garbage and sludge from wastewater treatment processes are incinerated contain the harmful heavy metals cadmium and zinc in the form of chlorides, namely CdCl 2 and ZnCl 2 . . However, there is no established treatment method for these hazardous wastes, and the current situation is that they are simply disposed of in landfills. Therefore, harmful CdCl 2 and
There is a concern that ZnCl 2 will be leached out by rainwater and pollute the environment around the landfill.
本発明は、これら有害な廃棄物を埋立材として
支障なく投棄しうる材料とするための処理方法を
提供することを目的とするものであり、廃棄物中
のCdCl2とZnCl2をエタノール、メタノール又は
これらのアルコールと鉱酸との混合液で抽出して
無害な廃棄物に変換することを要旨とするもので
ある。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a processing method for converting these hazardous wastes into materials that can be safely disposed of as landfill materials. Alternatively, the gist of the method is to convert the waste into harmless waste by extracting it with a mixture of these alcohols and mineral acids.
すなわち本発明は、塩化物を含有するダスト等
の廃棄物をエタノールまたはメタノールを含む溶
媒に懸濁して分散させ、前記廃棄物中に含まれる
塩化カドミウム（CdCl2）、塩化亜鉛（ZnCl2）を
選択的に前記溶媒で抽出したのち、抽出処理液を
過などによりCdCl2、ZnCl2を含まない廃棄物
と、CdCl2、ZnCl2を含む抽出液に固液分離する
ことを特徴とする廃棄物の処理方法である。 That is, the present invention suspends and disperses waste such as dust containing chloride in a solvent containing ethanol or methanol, and removes cadmium chloride (CdCl 2 ) and zinc chloride (ZnCl 2 ) contained in the waste. Waste characterized by selectively extracting with the above solvent and then separating the extracted solution into solid-liquid waste by filtration or the like into a waste not containing CdCl 2 and ZnCl 2 and an extract containing CdCl 2 and ZnCl 2 . This is a processing method.
本発明は、抽出用の溶媒としてアルコール単品
のみではなく、HCl、H2SO4、HNO3等の鉱酸を
含んだアルコールを用いたり、室温以上の温度で
加温しながら抽出することもでき、これにより、
抽出時間の短縮、抽出率の向上をはかることがで
きる。 In the present invention, not only alcohol alone is used as the extraction solvent, but also alcohol containing mineral acids such as HCl, H 2 SO 4 , HNO 3 can be used, and extraction can be performed while heating at a temperature higher than room temperature. , which results in
It is possible to shorten the extraction time and improve the extraction rate.
本発明においては、前記アルコールの使用量は
廃棄物の種類、含まれるCdCl2、ZnCl2の量によ
つて異なり実験によつて定めるべきものである
が、廃棄物１部（重量、以下同じ）に対し３部〜
10部とすることが好ましい。また、HCl、
H2SO4、HNO3等の鉱酸とアルコールを併用する
場合のアルコールに対する鉱酸の割合は0.1％〜
５％が適当であり、それ以下ではアルコール単品
の場合と効果が変わらず、また、それ以上の濃度
にしても大きな効果の上昇はみられない。 In the present invention, the amount of alcohol used varies depending on the type of waste and the amount of CdCl 2 and ZnCl 2 contained and should be determined by experiment, but the amount of alcohol used is 1 part (by weight, the same hereinafter) of waste. Part 3 for
Preferably, the amount is 10 parts. Also, HCl,
When using mineral acids such as H 2 SO 4 and HNO 3 together with alcohol, the ratio of mineral acid to alcohol is 0.1% ~
5% is appropriate; if the concentration is lower than that, the effect will be the same as that of alcohol alone, and if the concentration is higher than that, no significant increase in the effect will be observed.
また、室温以上の温度で加温しながら抽出する
場合の温度は、高いほど抽出率の向上が期待され
るが、通常用いたアルコールの沸点（エタノール
の沸点は約78℃、メタノールの沸点は約65℃）近
くに設定するのが好ましい。 In addition, when extracting while heating at a temperature above room temperature, the higher the temperature is, the higher the extraction rate is expected to be. It is preferable to set the temperature close to 65℃.
一方、処理時間はアルコールの使用量、鉱酸の
添加の有無、抽出温度等によつて異なるが、必要
に応じて最小限の時間を設定すれば良く、10分以
上が好ましい。 On the other hand, the treatment time varies depending on the amount of alcohol used, whether or not a mineral acid is added, the extraction temperature, etc., but the minimum time may be set as necessary, and 10 minutes or more is preferable.
さらに、抽出終了後のアルコールは回収するこ
とが望ましいが、この場合は、アルコール蒸留法
の常法に従つて、使用したアルコールの沸点以上
に加温して蒸気を発生させ、次いで冷却して回収
したのち再使用すれば良い。 Furthermore, it is desirable to recover the alcohol after the extraction is completed, but in this case, follow the standard alcohol distillation method to generate steam by heating it above the boiling point of the alcohol used, then cooling it and recovering it. You can then reuse it.
なお、本発明に用いるアルコールはエタノール
でもメタノールでも抽出効果は同等であるが、取
扱いの点ではエタノールの方が良く、ランニング
コストの点ではメタノールの方が優れている。 Note that although the extraction effect is the same whether the alcohol used in the present invention is ethanol or methanol, ethanol is better in terms of handling, and methanol is better in terms of running costs.
次に、本発明の実施態様を図面によつて詳細に
説明する。 Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
この例においては、処理装置は主として抽出槽
１、過機２及びアルコール（蒸発）回収装置３
から構成されている。 In this example, the processing equipment is mainly an extraction tank 1, a filtration machine 2, and an alcohol (evaporation) recovery equipment 3.
It consists of
しかして、CdCl2とZnCl2を含有する廃棄物４
（必要に応じあらかじめ粉砕する）とアルコール
５は抽出槽１に供給され、所定時間撹拌、混合さ
れ、CdCl2とZnCl2が抽出される（抽出時、必要
に応じて加温したり鉱酸を含有するアルコールを
用いても良い）。次いで抽出後の廃棄物を含むア
ルコール懸濁液６は過機２に導入され過され
る。過残渣７にはCdCl2とZnCl2は含まれず無
害であるためそのまま投棄できる。一方、CdCl2
とZnCl2を溶解したアルコールの液８はアルコ
ール回収装置３に導入された後、回収アルコール
１０として再使用し、蒸発残渣９中のCdCl2と
ZnCl2は資源として回収することができる。 Therefore, waste 4 containing CdCl 2 and ZnCl 2
(Crush in advance if necessary) and alcohol 5 are supplied to extraction tank 1, stirred and mixed for a predetermined time, and CdCl 2 and ZnCl 2 are extracted. (Alcohol containing alcohol may also be used.) The alcohol suspension 6 containing the waste after extraction is then introduced into the filter 2 and filtered. Excess residue 7 does not contain CdCl 2 and ZnCl 2 and is harmless, so it can be thrown away as is. On the other hand, CdCl2
The alcohol solution 8 in which ZnCl 2 and ZnCl 2 are dissolved is introduced into the alcohol recovery device 3 and then reused as recovered alcohol 10 to combine CdCl 2 and CdCl 2 in the evaporation residue 9.
ZnCl 2 can be recovered as a resource.
以上述べたように、本発明によれば、簡単なプ
ロセスにより重金属を含有する廃棄物を効果的に
無害化できると共に、分離回収された重金属化合
物は有効な資源として再利用することが可能とな
るなど実用上多大の利益を得ることができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, waste containing heavy metals can be effectively rendered harmless through a simple process, and the separated and recovered heavy metal compounds can be reused as an effective resource. Many practical benefits can be obtained.
次に本発明の実施例を示す。 Next, examples of the present invention will be shown.
実験例 １
ゴミ焼却工場の集塵ダスト１部（CdCl20.1％、
ZnCl23.0％、NaCl30.0％KCl5％K3Na（SO4）248
％その他3.9％が含まれる）に対してエタノール
10部を添加し、室温（約20℃）で２時間撹拌して
抽出処理した。抽出後の懸濁液を過して得られ
た過残渣にはCdCl2とZnCl2はほとんど含まれ
ず、NaCl、KCl、K3Na（SO4）2などの無害な塩類
のみを含む廃棄物に変換されていた。また、液
は蒸発して回収することにより、ほとんど純粋な
エタノールと、CdCl2、ZnCl2に分離することが
できた。Experimental example 1 1 part of collected dust from a garbage incineration factory (CdCl 2 0.1%,
ZnCl2 3.0%, NaCl30.0% KCl5% K3Na ( SO4 ) 2 48
%Other (contains 3.9%)) to ethanol
10 parts were added thereto, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature (approximately 20°C) for 2 hours for extraction. The excess residue obtained by filtering the suspension after extraction contains almost no CdCl 2 and ZnCl 2 and is a waste containing only harmless salts such as NaCl, KCl, and K 3 Na (SO 4 ) 2. It had been converted. Furthermore, by evaporating and collecting the liquid, it was possible to separate it into almost pure ethanol, CdCl 2 , and ZnCl 2 .
実験例 ２
実験例１と同様の集塵ダスト１部に対してHCl
を１％含むエタノール10部を添加し、室温で１時
間撹拌して抽出処理することにより実験例１と同
じ抽出効果をあげることができた。さらに、抽出
時70℃に加温することにより30分で実験例１と同
様の抽出効果を得ることができた。Experimental Example 2 HCl for 1 part of collected dust similar to Experimental Example 1
The same extraction effect as in Experimental Example 1 could be obtained by adding 10 parts of ethanol containing 1% of ethanol and stirring for 1 hour at room temperature. Furthermore, by heating to 70°C during extraction, the same extraction effect as in Experimental Example 1 could be obtained in 30 minutes.
図面は本発明の実施態様を示す系統説明図であ
る。
１……抽出槽、２……過機、３……アルコー
ル回収装置、４……廃棄物、５……アルコール、
６……懸濁液、７……過残渣、８……液、９
……蒸発残渣、１０……回収アルコール。
The drawings are system explanatory diagrams showing embodiments of the present invention. 1...extraction tank, 2...filter, 3...alcohol recovery device, 4...waste, 5...alcohol,
6... Suspension, 7... Excess residue, 8... Liquid, 9
...Evaporation residue, 10...Recovered alcohol.
Claims (1)
はメタノールを含む溶媒に懸濁分散させ、前記廃
棄物中の塩化カドミウム、塩化亜鉛を選択的に前
記溶媒により抽出したのち、塩化カドミウム、塩
化亜鉛を含まない廃棄物と、塩化カドミウム、塩
化亜鉛を含む抽出液に固液分離することを特徴と
する塩化物含有廃棄物の処理方法。 ２ 前記抽出工程が、前記溶媒として前記アルコ
ールと鉱酸の混合液を使用して処理されるもので
ある特許請求の範囲第１項記載の方法。 ３ 前記抽出工程が、前記溶媒の温度を前記アル
コールの沸点近くに設定して処理されるものであ
る特許請求の範囲第１項又は第２項記載の方法。 ４ 前記抽出工程が、前記塩化物を含む抽出液か
ら蒸発処理により回収したアルコールを使用して
処理されるものである特許請求の範囲第１項、第
２項又は第３項記載の方法。[Claims] 1 Waste containing chloride is suspended and dispersed in a solvent containing ethanol or methanol, cadmium chloride and zinc chloride in the waste are selectively extracted with the solvent, and then chloride A method for treating chloride-containing waste characterized by solid-liquid separation into waste that does not contain cadmium and zinc chloride and an extract containing cadmium chloride and zinc chloride. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the extraction step is carried out using a mixture of the alcohol and mineral acid as the solvent. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the extraction step is performed by setting the temperature of the solvent close to the boiling point of the alcohol. 4. The method according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the extraction step is performed using alcohol recovered from the chloride-containing extract by evaporation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55160036A JPS5784785A (en) | 1980-11-13 | 1980-11-13 | Treatment of chloride-contng. waste matter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55160036A JPS5784785A (en) | 1980-11-13 | 1980-11-13 | Treatment of chloride-contng. waste matter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5784785A JPS5784785A (en) | 1982-05-27 |
| JPS6111680B2 true JPS6111680B2 (en) | 1986-04-04 |
Family
ID=15706548
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55160036A Granted JPS5784785A (en) | 1980-11-13 | 1980-11-13 | Treatment of chloride-contng. waste matter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5784785A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6954061B2 (en) | 1992-02-21 | 2005-10-11 | Elster Electricity, Llc | Method and apparatus for electronic meter testing |
| US7180282B2 (en) | 1992-02-21 | 2007-02-20 | Elster Electricity, Llc | Apparatus for metering at least one type of electrical power over a predetermined range of service voltages |
| US7227350B2 (en) | 2004-03-18 | 2007-06-05 | Elster Electricity, Llc | Bias technique for electric utility meter |
| US7315162B2 (en) | 2004-03-18 | 2008-01-01 | Elster Electricity, Llc | Reducing power consumption of electrical meters |
| US7355867B2 (en) | 2004-08-17 | 2008-04-08 | Elster Electricity, Llc | Power supply for an electric meter having a high-voltage regulator that limits the voltage applied to certain components below the normal operating input voltage |
-
1980
- 1980-11-13 JP JP55160036A patent/JPS5784785A/en active Granted
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6954061B2 (en) | 1992-02-21 | 2005-10-11 | Elster Electricity, Llc | Method and apparatus for electronic meter testing |
| US7180282B2 (en) | 1992-02-21 | 2007-02-20 | Elster Electricity, Llc | Apparatus for metering at least one type of electrical power over a predetermined range of service voltages |
| US7239125B2 (en) | 1992-02-21 | 2007-07-03 | Elster Electricity, Llc | Method and apparatus for electronic meter testing |
| US7339805B2 (en) | 1992-02-21 | 2008-03-04 | Elster Electricity, Llc | Power supply having voltage blocking clamp |
| US7227350B2 (en) | 2004-03-18 | 2007-06-05 | Elster Electricity, Llc | Bias technique for electric utility meter |
| US7315162B2 (en) | 2004-03-18 | 2008-01-01 | Elster Electricity, Llc | Reducing power consumption of electrical meters |
| US7417420B2 (en) | 2004-03-18 | 2008-08-26 | Elster Electricity, Llc | Switch to bypass optical diode for reducing power consumption of electrical meters |
| US7355867B2 (en) | 2004-08-17 | 2008-04-08 | Elster Electricity, Llc | Power supply for an electric meter having a high-voltage regulator that limits the voltage applied to certain components below the normal operating input voltage |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5784785A (en) | 1982-05-27 |
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