JPS6223255B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for detecting and measuring a fluid, solid matter, etc. in a fluid using ultrasonic waves or sound waves, and a fluid property determination device using a sonic wave detection device.

Measurement is usually performed by irradiating ultrasonic waves into the fluid of the object to be measured and detecting the sound pressure of transmitted waves, reflected waves, scattered waves, etc.The object to be measured is placed stationary in a tubular water tank, and It is common to detect and measure by irradiating ultrasonic waves. Therefore, since the irradiation of sound waves and ultrasonic waves is carried out in pulses and pulse detection is performed, this is inconvenient and inefficient when there are a large number of samples. Also, it is not possible to obtain excellent resolution.

The present invention was proposed in order to improve this point, and involves controlling the flow rate and velocity of the sample fluid in a direction perpendicular to the detection section of the sonic detector, and applying sound waves and ultrasonic waves to the flowing fluid. The present invention is characterized in that the measurement is performed by recording or displaying a detection signal of a sonic wave detection device that irradiates the fluid and detects transmitted, reflected waves, and scattered waves on a time axis corresponding to the flow velocity of the fluid.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to Examples. Fig. 1 shows a system for detecting and measuring transmitted waves. Reference numeral 1 denotes a pipe through which a fluid 2 to be measured flows, and a wave transmitter 3 and a wave receiver 4 are arranged facing each other in a straight line so as to cross a part of the pipe. establish. Reference numeral 5 is an oscillator, 6 is a modulator, and 7 is an amplifier, which applies this output high frequency wave to a transmitting vibrator 8 to cause it to vibrate, and the vibration energy is focused from the transmitter horn 3 and irradiated into the fluid. 9 is an amplifier, 10 is a cathode ray tube oscilloscope, and the signal transmitted through the receiver horn 4 is converted into an electric signal by a vibrator 11.
This is amplified and measured using an oscilloscope 10. 12 is a pump that supplies the fluid 2 to be measured;
3 is a drive motor, and 14 is a motor control circuit.

When ultrasonic waves are irradiated from the transmitter 3 to the fluid 2 flowing through the pipe 1, the transmitted waves are detected by the receiver 4. A portion of the sound wave is reflected, scattered, and absorbed, and the remaining sound wave is transmitted through the fluid and detected by the wave receiver 4. Therefore, by emitting the required sound waves from the wave transmitter 3 and detecting the transmitted waves at the wave receiver 4, the detection signal from the wave receiver 4 can be used to determine the amount, size, etc. of solid matter in the fluid, etc. The detection signal changes depending on the properties and the like, and the changing detection signal is recorded or displayed on a time axis corresponding to the flow velocity of the fluid. The sound waves for irradiation are generated by the oscillator 5.
oscillates at an optimum frequency depending on the type of fluid 2 to be measured, etc., and excites the vibrator 8 made of crystal, Rothsiel salt, etc. to oscillate and irradiate a predetermined sound wave or ultrasonic wave. . The sound waves received by the wave receiver 4 are converted into electrical signals by the vibrator 11 and measured by the oscilloscope 10.

The fluid 2 of the object to be measured is transferred to the pipe 1 by a pump 12.
The fluid always flows in the direction perpendicular to the detection part, and by controlling the flow rate and flow rate to a constant value, the measurement is performed at a time corresponding to the flow rate of this fluid, and the detection signal is output with respect to the time axis (X axis). When recorded, a measurement graph as shown in FIG. 2 is detected by the oscilloscope 10. The flow rate and velocity of the fluid is determined by the pump 12.
The control circuit 1
4 controls the drive motor 13 to control the flow velocity, and the time axis can also be controlled simultaneously in accordance with the controlled flow velocity. For flow rate and flow rate control, a metering pump is used as the pump 12, and this is controlled by the NC control of the control circuit 14, which allows stable and accurate flow rate control, and the inspection graph shown in Figure 2 shows high accuracy. You can get it even later. The graph shows the results of three measurement tests performed on the same graph with the starting point, and the output is a graph of the difference between the detection signal and the pure fluid detection signal. A low graph output voltage indicates a pure fluid with high transmittance and no substances that reflect, scatter, or absorb sound waves in the measured fluid, whereas a high output voltage indicates that the fluid contains a large amount of sound wave absorbing substances. , the size, shape, etc. of a substance can be determined based on its temporal changes. A low graph output voltage indicates that the fluid contains a large amount of sound absorbers, etc., and therefore, the state of growth of activated sludge, microorganisms, etc. in wastewater treatment etc. can be easily detected. Since the transmitted wave from the substance flowing through the focal point of the wave transmitter 3 is continuously detected and measured while the fluid to be measured 2 is flowing, efficient measurement is possible, and the treatment status in activated sludge treatment etc. It is possible to accurately detect trends in changes and fluctuations in the temperature, and automatic control of aeration, chemical addition, etc. can always be carried out optimally. Also, when machining is performed while circulating machining fluid in electrical discharge machining, etc., the fluid circulation path can be accurately detected. By using acoustic wave detection, it is possible to continuously and accurately detect the state of machining chips mixed in the liquid, changes in the liquid composition, etc., so the machining status can be known, and the amount of machining fluid supplied and the machining Control of pulses, servo feed, etc. can always be performed in the best condition.

Although the example above has been explained in which sound waves are irradiated and the receivers are arranged in a straight line, it is also possible to irradiate the waves at a certain deflection angle and detect the received waves. Scattered waves can be detected and discriminated. Also, although we have explained the case in which sonic oscillation irradiation is performed continuously, the modulator 6
By controlling the high frequency from the oscillator 5 intermittently, the vibrator 8 is actuated in an intermittent pulse manner, and irradiation detection can be performed in a pulse manner.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment, in which a horn 15 that also serves as a transducer is placed opposite a reflection plate 16, and a pump is used to pump the fluid to be measured into the gap between the horns 15 and 16, as shown in FIG.
Detection is performed while the flow passes perpendicular to the plane of the paper. A discharge tank 17 for generating vibrations is provided on the horn 15, and discharge poles 18 are placed in the liquid in the tank.
is inserted, and a discharge capacitor 19 is connected to perform high-frequency discharge of 10 to 50 ns to generate vibrations due to discharge shock waves. 20 is a power supply connection terminal, and a capacitor 19 is charged and discharged.
21 is an electrical signal converter for receiving signals of the piezoelectric element;
This is also provided in contact with the horn 15, and the detection signal is detected and measured by the amplifier 9 and the oscilloscope 10 as explained in FIG.

In this embodiment, the horn 15 also serves as a wave transmitter/receiver, so that not only transmitted waves transmitted through the fluid 2 but also reflected and scattered waves are simultaneously detected and included in the detection signal. Further, as a modification example, if the reflection plate 16 is removed, only reflected and scattered waves in the fluid 2 can be detected.

In FIG. 4, a photoelectrostrictive element 22 is used as a sound wave oscillator, which is placed in contact with the horn 15 as shown in the figure, and a laser oscillator 23 irradiates the laser beam through a lens 24.

The laser oscillator 23 is Q-switched at a required high frequency to oscillate a laser that emits pulses of sound waves, and this is input to the vibrator 22 to generate high frequency and ultrasonic vibrations. Irradiation of the vibration sound onto the fluid under test, reception detection, etc. are the same as in the case of FIG. 3.

In addition, for measuring and determining the detection signal, use a pen tip,
- Y recorder or any other device can be used.

As explained above, when detecting the properties of a fluid to be measured by irradiating a fluid with sound waves or ultrasonic waves and receiving and detecting the transmitted waves, reflected waves, scattered waves, etc., the fluid to be measured is sent to the detection section. It flows in the perpendicular direction and controls the flow rate and velocity at a constant level through the detection part of the sound wave detection device, and detects the reflected, scattered, or transmitted waves of the sound waves that are focused and irradiated to the flowing fluid to be measured. Since the detection signal is recorded or displayed on a time axis corresponding to the flow rate of the fluid, continuous detection and monitoring is possible, and the flow rate and flow rate of the fluid to be measured are changed to the best values. By controlling this, it is possible to determine the properties of the fluid with excellent resolution.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a graph diagram of an example of detection characteristics, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are configuration diagrams of other embodiments. 2 is a fluid to be measured, 3 is a sonic wave transmitter, 4 is a sonic wave receiver, 12 is a flow pump, 13 is a motor, 14
is the control circuit.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A device equipped with a sonic wave detection device that irradiates focused sound waves or ultrasonic waves onto a fluid to be measured and detects reflected waves, scattered waves, or transmitted waves thereof, A device for flowing the material fluid in a direction orthogonal to the detection section of the sonic detector is provided, and a device is provided for controlling the fluid to be measured to a predetermined flow rate and flow velocity by the flow device, and a detection signal of the sonic detector is provided. A fluid property determining device comprising: a device for recording or displaying and measuring on a time axis corresponding to the fluid flow velocity by the flow velocity control device. 2. The fluid property determination device according to claim 1, wherein a metering pump is used as the flow device, and an NC control device is used as the flow rate and flow rate control device.