JPS6348662A - Information recording and reproducing method for optical disk device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent erroneous access to a block by a host device by allowing a controller to assign an alternative block automatically to a block disabled for erasure on an optical disk or a block disabled of write so as to manage the blocks. CONSTITUTION:The area consists of a user area 31 comprising tracks TN-Tn, an alternative area 32 comprising tracks T1-Tn, and a block management area 33 comprising a track T0 provided newly. The block management area 33 is an area to record a conversion list between blocks disabled of data erature or data write and their alternative blocks. Then in accessing the alternative block 32, the conversion list between defective blocks, blocks disabled of old data erature and disabled of new data write and their relevant alternative blocks is recorded on the optical disk and the list is referenced at readout of data.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an information recording and reproducing method for an optical disc device, and is particularly suitable for use when a block in which data cannot be erased or written is generated on an optical disc. This invention relates to an information recording and reproducing method.

[Conventional technology]

For optical discs, a process is performed to check the read immediately after the information is written to the optical disc and detect blocks with insufficient data writing quality (bad processors).
read-after-write processing) is being performed. In this read-after-write process, when a defective block is detected, the same data is written to a replacement block again to deal with the defective block. However, -S optical disks have lower media reliability than magnetic disks, and have many defective blocks. Therefore, if the replacement block is always accessed when reading data from a defective block, the number of accesses to the replacement block will increase, increasing time loss and degrading performance.

For this reason, in conventional optical disk devices,
As described in Publication No. 9-165207, even if the block is classified as a -degree defective block, in the subsequent 8 sales,
A method has been proposed in which if the data can be read correctly, the spare block is not accessed, thereby reducing the time loss caused by accessing the spare block.

Furthermore, since data is recorded on conventional optical discs by irreversible changes in the medium, it is impossible to physically erase data once written. For this reason, data is erased by writing a flag indicating erasure on the medium, and if this flag cannot be written correctly during the erase operation, an error is reported to the host device and the process is aborted. was.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

In the conventional technology described above, if a method is adopted in which an abnormality is reported to the host device when an unerasable block (a flag cannot be written correctly) is detected, the burden on the host device to manage the block increases. Become. Also,
If the optical disk device is shared by multiple host devices,
There is a risk that a host device to which no abnormality has been reported may unknowingly access a block that cannot be erased and read old data before erasing.

In addition, in recent years, erasable optical discs have been put into practical use that utilize magneto-optical technology and phase displacement to erase information that has been written twice and then write again to the same location.

In this physically erasable optical disk, if a block that cannot be erased occurs, old information remains on the medium.

At this time, if the conventional technology described in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-165207 decides not to access the replacement block if the data has been read without error, there is a risk that the information before the update will be read out by mistake. There is.

The present invention was made in view of the problems of the prior art described above, and a control device manages blocks that cannot be erased or blocks in which information cannot be written, and prevents erroneous access to the blocks by a host device. It is an object of the present invention to provide an information recording and reproducing method for an optical disc device that prevents the above problems.

[Means for solving problems]

In the information recording and reproducing method of an optical disk device of the present invention, immediately after information is written to an optical disk, a reading check is performed on the written data, and if a defective block with insufficient data quality is detected, the defective block is assigned to a replacement block. , in an optical disk device that writes the same data, in addition to the above bad blocks, when updating data,
The feature is that blocks in which old data cannot be erased and blocks in which new data cannot be written are detected and allocated to replacement blocks, and the replacement blocks are accessed when reading data.

To access the replacement block, for example, a correspondence table of replacement blocks for the defective blocks, blocks in which old data cannot be erased, and blocks in which new data cannot be written is recorded on an optical disk, and the data is read out. Sometimes this is done by referring to the above correspondence table. In this case, the correspondence table recorded on the optical disc may be stored in a memory in the control unit of the optical disc apparatus when the optical disc apparatus is driven or when the optical disc is replaced, and the stored correspondence table may be referred to.

[Effect]

According to the present invention, defective blocks, unerasable blocks, etc. are detected and assigned to a replacement track, and the replacement track is accessed when reading data. Therefore, erroneous access to defective processors, unerasable blocks, etc. is prevented.

In particular, a correspondence table between defective blocks, unerasable blocks, etc. and replacement blocks is recorded on the optical disk, and the above correspondence table is also stored in the memory of the control JII section. By referring to , the replacement block can be reliably accessed.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of an optical disc used in the present invention. The optical disk 1 shown in FIG. 2 will be described below, taking as an example an optical disk of a magneto-optical type or a phase displacement type, in which written data can be physically erased. As shown in the figure, the optical disc 1 has a plurality of tracks T on the recording surface.
, +"r, l-, . . . and each track is divided into a plurality of blocks B serving as recording units. In FIG. This may also be formed in concentric circles.

Each block includes an ID section 2 in which information for identifying the block is written with i and ★, and a flag section 3 in which various flag information indicating the status of the block is recorded, as instructed to the third district. A data section 4 in which various information such as images, codes, and data is digitized and recorded, and an ECC (Error Correction Code), which is a code necessary for error checking and error correction to ensure reliability of the data section. ) is recorded in the ECC section 5.

FIG. 4 shows an example of allocation of the tracks T0 to Tr+ of the optical disc 1. As shown, track T
) l-T, a replacement area 32 consisting of tracks T1 to T, and a block management area 33 newly provided according to the present invention consisting of track T. .

Here, the user area 31 is an area where the user can freely write and read information. The replacement area 32 is a replacement area for a defective block when the defective block is detected. The block management area 33 is an area for recording a correspondence table between blocks in which data cannot be erased or data cannot be written and their replacement blocks.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the processing at the time of starting up the optical disc device. As shown in the figure, when the control device recognizes a new optical disk, such as when the power of the optical disk drive or control device is turned on or when the optical disk is replaced, the block management area 31 on the optical disk is , reads out a correspondence table between non-erasable blocks or non-writable blocks previously detected on the optical disc and their replacement blocks. This correspondence table is stored in the memory within the control device for use in controlling subsequent data erasing, data writing, and data reading operations.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the above-mentioned correspondence table. As shown in the figure, this correspondence table is composed of IDs of non-erasable or non-writable blocks and IDs of replacement blocks therefor. This correspondence table is for the case where a total of non-erasable or non-writable blocks are detected.

First, consider a case where a higher-level device such as a channel or a host computer issues an instruction to erase data written in a block on an optical disk to a control device. In this case, as shown in FIG. 6, the control device first checks whether the block designated by the host device has already been registered in the correspondence table (step 11L112), and if so, Obtain the ID of the replacement block for the specified block from the table (step 113)
, attempts to erase data recorded on the replacement block (step 114). At this time, if the data has been successfully erased, the operation for the optical disk ζ is completed; if the data has not been successfully erased, a new replacement block is allocated to the block specified by the host device (
Step 115. H6), change the correspondence table in the jail j wholesaler so that it becomes a replacement block for the specified block or a newly allocated replacement program (step 117), and change this new correspondence table to the block on the optical disk. The information is written to the management area 33 (step 122), and the operation for the optical disc is completed. If the program designated by the host device is not registered in the correspondence table, the control device attempts to erase the block designated by the host device (steps 112 and 118). If the erase operation is successful here, the erase operation is completed; if the erase operation is unsuccessful, a replacement block is assigned to the block specified by the host device (steps 119 and 120).
), the block specified by the host device and its replacement block are added to the correspondence table in the control device (step 121).
), this new correspondence table is inserted into the block management area 33 on the optical disc (step 122), and the operation for the optical disc is completed.

If an erased block is always assigned to fil as a replacement block in the above operation, it is guaranteed that the replacement block for the block specified by the device is erased.

Next, consider a case where a host device issues a command to write data to a block on an optical disk to a control device. In this embodiment, since the optical disk is physically erasable, if data has already been written in a block to which a write command has been issued, it is necessary to first erase the data on the block. The erase operation is the same as the operation when an erase command is issued from the above-mentioned upper WiZ. After the erase operation, the control device checks whether the block specified for writing is registered in the correspondence table in the control device as shown in FIG. 7 (step 13L).
132), if it is registered, obtain the ID of the replacement block for the specified block from the correspondence table (
Step 133), an attempt is made to write data to the replacement block (step 134). At this time, if the data writing is successful, the writing operation on the optical disc is ended (step 135). If data writing fails, a new replacement block is allocated to the block specified by the host device (step 135.1).
36). Next, the correspondence table stored in the memory within the control device is rewritten so that the replacement block for the block specified by the host device is newly allocated (step 137). Then, this new correspondence table is recorded in the block management area 33 on the optical disc (step 138), and the specified data is further written in a new spare block (step 139), thereby completing the operation on the optical disc.

Also, top 2. If the block designated by Z is not registered in the correspondence table (step 132), the control? II
The I device attempts to write data to the block designated by the host device (step 140). Here, if data writing is successful, the operation on the recording medium is ended (step 140), and if data writing is unsuccessful, a replacement block is allocated to the block specified by the host device (step 141, 142), controls the block specified by the host device and its replacement block.
Add to the correspondence table in II device (step 143)
. Then, this new correspondence table is recorded in the block management area 33 on the recording medium (step 145), and the data specified in the new replacement block is read (step 146), and the operation for the optical disc is completed. .

In the above-described embodiment, writing to the newly allocated replacement block (steps 139 and 14)
Although it is not determined whether or not step 6) is successful, if writing of data fails, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 7, a new replacement block may be allocated again. Also, the operation of recording the updated correspondence table in the block management area 33 on the recording medium (steer knob 1 in FIG.
22. Steps 138 and 145) in FIG. 7 may be executed after writing data to the replacement block, or may be executed all at once when the series of processes for the optical disk in question by the host device is completed. good.

Finally, let us consider the case where the host device issues a command to the control device to read data written in a block on the optical disk. The operation in this case is as shown in FIG. 8, in which the control device checks whether the block specified to be read from the host device is registered in the registration table in the control device (step 151), and if it is registered. If so, obtain the TD of the replacement block for the block specified by the host device from the correspondence table (steps 152 and 153).
, reads the data written on the replacement block (step 154). If the block specified by the host device is not registered in the correspondence table, the data of the block specified by the host device is read as is (
Steps 152 and 155) end the operation on the optical disc.

As shown above, the control table uses the correspondence table between non-erasable blocks on the optical disk, non-writable blocks, and their replacement blocks to issue erase commands, write commands, and read commands from the host device. Control commands? ′
fn, when an unerasable block or an unwritable block is detected, the control device automatically allocates a replacement block without reporting an abnormality to the host device, reducing the burden on the host device. Ru. Furthermore, when a read command is issued from the host device, the controller 10 determines whether the block specified by the host device is a non-erasable block or a non-writable block.
Since the above-mentioned software automatically reads out the replacement block data, it is possible to prevent the host device from accidentally reading out old data that has not been erased.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, there is a system in which a correspondence table between non-erasable blocks, non-writable blocks, and their replacement blocks is recorded on the optical disc. fftl
This is especially effective when the recording medium is replaceable, such as an optical disk, and when the recording medium is replaced, the control device reads the correspondence table recorded on the recording medium. It is possible to know the correspondence between blocks that cannot be read and erased on a new medium, blocks that cannot be written to, and their replacement blocks.

Although the present embodiment has been described using an erasable optical disc as an example, the present invention is not limited to this. The same applies to media. In this case, since there is no need to perform an erase operation prior to writing data, when a write command is received from the above device, the command '4JI! The device should immediately perform the operations shown in Figure. The control when receiving an erase command and a read command from a host device is the same as that shown in the previous embodiment.

The present invention is also applicable to recording media such as conventional write-once optical discs in which it is physically impossible to rewrite data once written. When updating data recorded on such a recording medium, the host device usually needs to specify another block and rewrite the data. According to the present invention, when a data update command is issued from a higher-level device, even if data has already been written to a block designated by the higher-level device, the control device automatically allocates a replacement block and creates a correspondence table. , and write data to the replacement block. In this way, it becomes possible for the host device to use a recording medium, such as a write-once optical disk, on which data cannot be physically rewritten, as if it were a recording medium on which data could be rewritten. .

This method is effective when it is desired to partially modify data written on the recording medium.

FIG. 9 shows a schematic configuration of a control device for a magneto-optical optical disk device as an example of a control device for executing the above-described recording/reproduction control method. In FIG. 9, 51 is a host device 10 such as a channel device or host computer.
The interface controller 52, which controls signal exchange with the iti! A microprocessor 53 operates the optical disk control device according to a predetermined procedure in order to realize Iff1l, and a microprocessor 53 includes microinstructions that define control operations by the microprocessor 52, as well as non-erasable or non-writable blocks and their replacement blocks. 54 is a buffer memory for storing information to be written onto the optical disk medium or information read from the optical disk medium; 55 is a buffer memory for storing the information read out from the optical disk medium; A write circuit 56 adds an ECC (error correction code) to the information, modulates it, and outputs it to the optical head circuit 59. A write circuit 56 demodulates the output signal from the optical head circuit 59 and stores it in the buffer memory 54. 57 indicates a magnetic field control circuit for erasing information recorded on the optical disk medium. Note that 58 is a selector for selecting the input/output bus of the buffer memory 540, and according to the microinstruction 61 given from the microprocessor 52, the interface path 65, processor bus 63, and read/write bus 62 are selected. is selectively connected to buffer memory 54.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, there is no control over blocks that cannot be erased or blocks that cannot be written to on an optical disk.
Since the 111 device can automatically allocate and manage replacement blocks, the higher-level device is freed from managing the above-mentioned unerasable blocks or blocks that cannot be written to, and the upper-level device can accidentally allocate and manage blocks that cannot be erased. Alternatively, it is possible to prevent old data from being read by accessing a block that cannot be written to.

In addition, by recording a correspondence table between non-erasable blocks and non-writable blocks on the optical disk and their replacement blocks on the optical disk, even if the optical disk is replaced, the correspondence table will remain on the optical disk. is maintained, so the control device can
It is possible to know the correspondence between non-erasable blocks and non-writable blocks and their replacement blocks.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a correspondence table between non-erasable blocks or non-writable blocks and their replacement blocks used in the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an optical disc to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of one block that is the key to data writing/reading processing in the optical disc shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5
The figure is a flowchart showing the process when replacing an optical disk and turning on the power, Figure 6 is a flowchart showing the operation when erasing data, Figure 7 is a flowchart showing the operation when writing data, and Figure 8 is a flowchart showing the operation when reading data. A flowchart showing the operation, and FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing an example of a control device implementing the present invention. ■... Optical disc, 2... ID section, 3... Flag section, 4... Data section, 5... ECC section, 31...
- User area, 32... Alternate area, 33... Block management area, 51... Ink face controller,
52...Microprocessor, 53...Memory, 5
4... Panzer memory, 55... Fortune-telling circuit, 5
6... Reading circuit, 57... Magnetic field control circuit, 58
...Selector, 59...Optical head circuit, T0 to TN
...Truck, B...Block. Agent Patent Attorney Tadashi Akimoto Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 L-T
91.1 U-ri, 33 Figure 6: I5y of the Friendship Movement Figure 7: The octopus is pleased with the octopus. & Mishipyo movement Figure 9

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Immediately after writing information to the optical disk, read-out of the written data is checked, and if a defective block with insufficient data quality is detected, the defective block is assigned to a replacement block and the same data is replaced. In the information recording and reproducing method of an optical display device, in addition to the defective blocks mentioned above, when updating data, blocks in which old data cannot be erased and blocks in which new data cannot be written are detected and replaced with replacement blocks. 1. A method for recording and reproducing information in an optical disk device, characterized in that the spare block is allocated to a block and the spare block is accessed when reading data. 2. Record on the optical disk a correspondence table of replacement blocks for the defective blocks, blocks in which old data cannot be erased, and blocks in which new data cannot be written, and refer to the above correspondence table when reading data. , accessing a replacement block.
A method for recording and reproducing information in an optical disc device according to section 1. 3. The correspondence table recorded on the optical disk is stored in the memory in the control unit of the optical disk device when the optical disk device is driven or when the optical disk is replaced, and the stored correspondence table is referred to to determine a replacement track when reading data. An information recording and reproducing method for an optical disc device according to claim 2, characterized in that the information recording and reproducing method for an optical disc device is accessed.