KR0154704B1 - Automatic power control circuit and the method for radio communication system - Google Patents
Automatic power control circuit and the method for radio communication systemInfo
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- KR0154704B1 KR0154704B1 KR1019950056542A KR19950056542A KR0154704B1 KR 0154704 B1 KR0154704 B1 KR 0154704B1 KR 1019950056542 A KR1019950056542 A KR 1019950056542A KR 19950056542 A KR19950056542 A KR 19950056542A KR 0154704 B1 KR0154704 B1 KR 0154704B1
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- power
- voltage
- amplifier
- signal
- communication system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. Transmission Power Control [TPC] or power classes
- H04W52/04—Transmission power control [TPC]
- H04W52/52—Transmission power control [TPC] using AGC [Automatic Gain Control] circuits or amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
- H03F3/24—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers of transmitter output stages
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
- H03G3/00—Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers
- H03G3/20—Automatic control
- H03G3/30—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices
- H03G3/3036—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices in high-frequency amplifiers or in frequency-changers
- H03G3/3042—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices in high-frequency amplifiers or in frequency-changers in modulators, frequency-changers, transmitters or power amplifiers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Transmitters (AREA)
Abstract
1. 청구범위에 기재된 발명이 속한 기술분야1. TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
무선통신시스템의 송신기의 최종단에 구성되는 자동전력제어회로에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an automatic power control circuit configured at a final stage of a transmitter of a wireless communication system.
2. 발명이 해결하려고 하는 기술적 과제2. The technical problem to be solved by the invention
반사전력이 증가함에 따라 전력증폭기의 내부소자가 파괴됨을 방지한다.As the reflected power increases, the internal elements of the power amplifier are prevented from being destroyed.
3. 발명의 해결방법의 요지3. Summary of Solution to Invention
본 발명은 전력증폭기에서 출력되는 신호의 순방향전력과 역방향전력을 검출한 후 이 결과를 이용하여 상기 전력증폭기에서 출력하는 신호의 전력을 제어가능하도록 하는 양방향결합기를 가지는 무선통신시스템의 자동전력제어회로를 제공한다.The present invention is an automatic power control circuit of a wireless communication system having a two-way coupler for controlling the power of the signal output from the power amplifier using the results after detecting the forward and reverse power of the signal output from the power amplifier To provide.
4. 발명의 중요한 용도4. Important uses of the invention
무선통신시스템의 송신기Transmitter of wireless communication system
Description
제1도는 종래기술에 따른 자동전력제어회로를 포함하는 무선통신시스템의 송신기의 구성을 보여주는 도면.1 is a view showing the configuration of a transmitter of a wireless communication system including an automatic power control circuit according to the prior art.
제2도는 또다른 종래기술에 따른 자동전력제어회로를 포함하는 무선통신시스템의 송신기의 구성을 보여주는 도면.2 is a view showing the configuration of a transmitter of a wireless communication system including an automatic power control circuit according to another prior art.
제3도는 본 발명에 따른 자동전력제어회로를 포함하는 무선통신시스템의 송신기의 구성을 보여주는 도면.3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a transmitter of a wireless communication system including an automatic power control circuit according to the present invention.
* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings
102 : 전력증폭기(PA) 106 : 순방향전력검출기102: power amplifier (PA) 106: forward power detector
108,110 : 연산증폭기(OP1,OP2) 130 : 양방향결합기108,110: operational amplifier (OP1, OP2) 130: bidirectional coupler
140 : 역방향전력검출기140: reverse power detector
본 발명은 무선통신시스템의 송신기의 최종단에 구성되는 자동전력제어회로에 관한 것으로, 특히 양방향결합기를 이용한 자동전력제어회로 및 그 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an automatic power control circuit configured at the end of a transmitter of a wireless communication system, and more particularly, to an automatic power control circuit using a bidirectional coupler and a method thereof.
통상의 무선통신시스템에 있어서 송신기의 최종단은 제1도에 도시된 바와 같이 전력증폭기(Power Amplifier)(102)와, 안테나(AT)와, 상기 전력증폭기(102)와 안테나(AT)를 결합하는 방향성결합기(Directional Coupler)(104)를 적어도 포함하여 구성된다. 이때 방향성결합기(104)로는 단방향의 결합기가 이용되는 것이 일반적이다. 또한 송신기의 최종단에는 방향성결합기(104)로부터 출력되는 순방향전력을 검출하는 순방향전력검출기(106)과, 상기 순방향전력검출기(106)의 출력을 반전입력하고 소정의 기준전압 Vref를 비반전입력하여 반전증폭된 신호를 출력하는 제1연산증폭기(108)와, 상기 제1연산증폭기(OP1)(108)의 출력을 비반전입력하여 비반전증폭된 신호를 출력하는 제2연산증폭기(OP2)(110)가 피드백루프(feedback loop)를 형성하여 전력증폭기(102)를 제어하여 최종 출력되는 신호를 전력을 자동제어하는 자동전력제어(Automatic Power Control)회로가 포함된다.In the conventional wireless communication system, the final stage of the transmitter combines a power amplifier 102, an antenna AT, and the power amplifier 102 and the antenna AT as shown in FIG. At least a directional coupler (Directional Coupler) 104 is configured to include. In this case, as the directional coupler 104, a unidirectional coupler is generally used. In the final stage of the transmitter, a forward power detector 106 for detecting forward power output from the directional coupler 104 and an output of the forward power detector 106 are inverted and non-inverted by a predetermined reference voltage Vref. A first operational amplifier 108 for outputting an inverted amplified signal; a second operational amplifier OP2 for outputting a non-inverted amplified signal by non-inverting input of an output of the first operational amplifier OP1 108 ( An automatic power control circuit 110 controls a power amplifier 102 by forming a feedback loop to automatically control power of the final output signal.
한편 통상의 무선통신시스템에 있어서 송신기의 최종단에 위치하는 전력증폭기의 출력단과 안테나로의 불완전한 정합 또는 다른 이유로 인하여 반사전력이 반드시 발생하게 된다. 이러한 반사전력이 전력증폭기의 출력단에 과다하게 입력되면 트랜지스터나 전계효과트랜지스터등으로 구성된 전력증폭기에 과부하가 걸리게 되기 때문에 고가의 소자가 파괴되는 문제점이 있다.On the other hand, in the conventional wireless communication system, reflected power is necessarily generated due to incomplete matching to the output terminal of the power amplifier located at the end of the transmitter and the antenna or for other reasons. If the reflected power is excessively input to the output terminal of the power amplifier, the power amplifier composed of a transistor, a field effect transistor, or the like is overloaded, which causes a problem in that an expensive device is destroyed.
이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위한 기술이 여러모로 개발되고 있는데, 대표적인 기술로는 제2도에 도시된 바와 같이 단방향결합기(104)와 안테나(AT)의 사이에 아이솔레이터(Isolator)(120)를 사용하는 방법이 있다. 그런데 아이솔레이터를 이용하는 경우에는 아이솔레이터가 고가이기 때문에 경제적이지 못한 단점이 있으며, 그 크기로 인해 비교적 많은 공간을 차지하는 단점이 있다. 또 다른 기술로는 단방향결합기와 안테나의 사이에 패드(PAD)를 삽입하여 강제적으로 정합하는 방법이 있으나 이 방법 또한 효율의 저하와 많은 공간을 차지하는 단점이 있다.Techniques for solving this problem have been developed in many ways, a representative technique is to use an isolator (120) between the unidirectional coupler 104 and the antenna (AT) as shown in FIG. have. However, in the case of using the isolator, the isolator is expensive, and thus there is a disadvantage that it is not economical, and due to its size, it takes a relatively large space. Another technique is a method of forcibly matching by inserting a pad (PAD) between the unidirectional coupler and the antenna, but this method also has the disadvantage of lowering efficiency and taking up a lot of space.
따라서 본 발명의 목적은 무선통신시스템의 송신단에서 최종 출력되는 신호의 전력을 양방향결합기를 이용하여 제어하는 회로를 제공함에 있다.Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a circuit for controlling the power of a signal finally output from a transmitting end of a wireless communication system using a bidirectional coupler.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 무선통신시스템의 송신단에서 최종 출력되는 신호의 순방향전력과 역방향전력을 검출한 후 이 검출된 전력값을 이용하여 상기 최종 출력되는 신호의 전력을 제어하는 방법을 제공함에 있다.Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling the power of the final output signal using the detected power value after detecting the forward power and the reverse power of the final output signal from the transmitting end of the wireless communication system.
상기와 같은 목적들을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은 전력증폭기에 출력되는 신호의 순방향전력과 역방향전력을 검출한 후 이 결과를 이용하여 상기 전력증폭기에서 출력되는 신호의 전력을 제어가능하도록 하는 양방향결합기를 가지는 무선통신시스템의 자동전력제어회로를 제공한다.The present invention for achieving the above object has a bi-directional coupler to detect the forward power and the reverse power of the signal output to the power amplifier and to control the power of the signal output from the power amplifier using this result An automatic power control circuit for a wireless communication system is provided.
본 발명에 따른 무선통신시스템의 자동전력제어회로는, 송신을 위한 고주파신호를 소정 제어신호에 대응시켜 증폭하는 전력증폭기와, 상기 전력증폭기의 출력을 양방향으로 결합하는 양방향결합기와, 상기 양방향결합기에서 출력되는 신호의 순방향전력을 검출하여 대응하는 제1직류전압으로 출력하는 순방향전력검출기와, 상기 양방향결합기에서 출력되는 신호의 역방향전력을 검출하여 대응하는 제2직류전압으로 출력하는 역방향전력검출기와, 상기 제1직류전압과 상기 제2직류전압을 가산한 후 반전증폭된 신호를 출력하는 반전증폭기와, 상기 반전증폭기의 출력을 비반전증폭하여 상기 제어신호로서 출력하는 비반전증폭기로 구성함을 특징으로 한다.An automatic power control circuit of a wireless communication system according to the present invention includes a power amplifier for amplifying a high frequency signal for transmission in response to a predetermined control signal, a bidirectional coupler for coupling the output of the power amplifier in both directions, and in the bidirectional coupler. A forward power detector that detects forward power of the output signal and outputs the signal at a corresponding first DC voltage, and a reverse power detector that detects reverse power of the signal output from the bidirectional coupler and outputs the corresponding second DC voltage; And an inverting amplifier for outputting the inverted amplified signal after adding the first direct current voltage and the second direct current voltage, and a non-inverting amplifier for non-inverting amplifying the output of the inverting amplifier and outputting the signal as the control signal. It is done.
이하 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예의 상세한 설명이 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 설명될 것이다.DETAILED DESCRIPTION A detailed description of preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
우선 각 도면의 구성요소들에 참조부호를 부가함에 있어서, 동일한 구성요소들에 한해서는 비록 다른 도면상에 표시되더라도 가능한한 동일한 부호를 가지도록 하고 있음에 유의해야 한다. 또한 하기 설명에서는 구체적인 회로의 구성 소자등과 같은 많은 특정(特定) 사항들이 나타나고 있는데, 이는 본 발명의 보다 전반적인 이해를 돕기 위해서 제공된 것일뿐 이러한 특정사항들 없이도 본 발명이 실시될 수 있음은 이 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진자에게는 자명하다할 것이다. 그리고 본 발명을 설명함에 있어, 관련된 공지 기능 또는 구성에 대한 구체적인 설명이 본 발명의 요지를 불필요하게 흐릴 수 있다고 판단되는 경우에는 그 상세한 설명은 생략할 것이다.First, in adding reference numerals to the components of each drawing, it should be noted that the same reference numerals have the same reference numerals as much as possible even if displayed on different drawings. Also, in the following description, many specific details such as components of specific circuits are shown, which are provided to help a more general understanding of the present invention, and the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. It will be obvious to those skilled in the art. In describing the present invention, when it is determined that detailed descriptions of related known functions or configurations may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.
본 발명에 따른 무선통신시스템의 송신기는 제3도에 도시된 바와 같이 양방향결합기(130)가 포함되어 구성된다.The transmitter of the wireless communication system according to the present invention includes a bidirectional coupler 130 as shown in FIG.
제3도에서 양방향결합기(130)는 전력증폭기(PA)(102)의 출력을 결합하기 위한 것으로, 스트립라인(stripline) 또는 인덕터(inductor) 등의 소자로 구현될 수 있다. 순방향전력검출기(106)와 역방향전력검출기(140)는 각각 양방향결합기(130)에서 출력된 신호의 순방향전력과 역방향전력을 검출한 후 이를 제1직류전압 및 제2직류전압으로 변환한다. 이때 순방향전력 또는 역방향전력이 클수록 높은 직류전압이 출력되게 된다. 안테나(TA)는 양방향결합기(130)를 거친 고주파신호를 공중으로 방사한다. 제1연산증폭기(OP1)(108)는 일정한 이득을 갖는 반전증폭기로서, 순방향전력검출기(106)에서 출력되는 제1직류전압과 역방향전력검출기(140)에서 출력되는 제2직류전압을 동시에 반전입력으로 제공받아 가산한 후 이를 반전증폭하여 출력한다. 일정한 이득을 갖는 비반전증폭기인 제2연산증폭기(OP2)(110)는 상기 제1연산증폭기(OP1)(108)의 출력을 제공받아 비반전증폭하여 출력한다. 이때 제2연산증폭기(OP2)(110)의 출력은 전력증폭기(PA)(102)로 제공되어 상기 전력증폭기(PA)(102)의 이득을 조정하는 제어신호로서 기능한다.In FIG. 3, the bidirectional coupler 130 is for coupling the output of the power amplifier PA 102 and may be implemented as a device such as a stripline or an inductor. The forward power detector 106 and the reverse power detector 140 detect the forward power and the reverse power of the signal output from the bidirectional coupler 130, and then convert them to the first DC voltage and the second DC voltage. At this time, the higher the forward power or the reverse power, the higher the DC voltage is output. The antenna TA radiates high frequency signals passing through the bidirectional coupler 130 into the air. The first operational amplifier (OP1) 108 is an inverting amplifier having a constant gain, and simultaneously inverts the first direct current voltage output from the forward power detector 106 and the second direct current voltage output from the reverse power detector 140 at the same time. After receiving it, add it and invert it and output it. The second operation amplifier (OP2) 110, which is a non-inverting amplifier having a constant gain, receives the output of the first operation amplifier (OP1) 108 and outputs the non-inverting amplification. At this time, the output of the second operational amplifier (OP2) 110 is provided to the power amplifier (PA) 102 to function as a control signal for adjusting the gain of the power amplifier (PA) (102).
상기 제3도에 도시된 바와 같은 전력증폭기(PA)(102), 양방향결합기(130), 순방형전력검출기(106), 역방향전력검출기(140), 제1연산증폭기(OP1)(108), 제2연산증폭기(OP2)(110)는 피드백루프를 형성하여 자동전력제어회로를 구성하며, 전력증폭기(PA)(102)의 이득을 조정하는 기능을 수행한다.The power amplifier (PA) 102, the bidirectional coupler 130, the forward power detector 106, the reverse power detector 140, the first operational amplifier (OP1) 108, as shown in FIG. The second operational amplifier (OP2) 110 forms a feedback loop to form an automatic power control circuit, and adjusts the gain of the power amplifier (PA) 102.
상기와 같이 본 발명에 따른 자동전력제어회로는 순방향전력과 역방향전력을 동시에 감지하는 양방향결합기를 사용한다. 이와 같이 감지되는 역방향전력은 자동전력제어회로의 네가티브(Negative) 피드백루프에 형성하기 때문에 불완전한 정합 또는 다른 이유로 반사전력이 증가할 경우 전력증폭기의 증폭도를 낮추어 전력증폭기의 출력을 줄여준다. 이에 따라 반사전력이 감소되므로 결과적으로 전력증폭기의 내부소자가 파괴됨을 방지할 수 있다. 한편, 반사전력이 적을 경우에는 기존의 피드백루프와 동일하게 순방향전력이 자동전력제어회로의 네가티브 피드백루프를 형성하여 전력증폭기의 출력을 증가시킨다.As described above, the automatic power control circuit according to the present invention uses a bidirectional coupler that simultaneously detects forward power and reverse power. Since the sensed reverse power is formed in the negative feedback loop of the automatic power control circuit, when the reflected power increases due to incomplete matching or other reasons, the power amplifier reduces the amplification degree and reduces the power amplifier output. Accordingly, the reflected power is reduced, and as a result, it is possible to prevent the internal elements of the power amplifier from being destroyed. On the other hand, when the reflected power is low, forward power, like the conventional feedback loop, forms a negative feedback loop of the automatic power control circuit, thereby increasing the output of the power amplifier.
상술한 바와 같이 본 발명은 고가의 아이솔레이터나 효율저하를 유발시키는 패드를 사용하지 않고도 반사전력이 증가할 경우 전력증폭기의 증폭도를 낮추어 전력증폭기의 내부소자들을 보호할 수 있는 잇점이 있다.As described above, the present invention has the advantage of protecting the internal elements of the power amplifier by lowering the amplification degree of the power amplifier when the reflected power increases without using an expensive isolator or a pad causing the efficiency decrease.
한편 본 발명의 상세한 설명에서는 구체적인 실시예에 관해 설명하였으나, 본 발명의 범위에서 벗어나지 않는 한도내에서 여러가지 변형이 가능함을 물론이다. 그러므로 본 발명의 범위는 설명된 실시예에 국한되어 정해져서는 않되며 후술하는 특허청구의 범위뿐만 아니라 이 특허청구의 범위와 균등한 것들에 의해 정해져야 한다.Meanwhile, in the detailed description of the present invention, specific embodiments have been described, but various modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the described embodiments, but should be defined not only by the scope of the following claims, but also by the equivalents of the claims.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019950056542A KR0154704B1 (en) | 1995-12-26 | 1995-12-26 | Automatic power control circuit and the method for radio communication system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019950056542A KR0154704B1 (en) | 1995-12-26 | 1995-12-26 | Automatic power control circuit and the method for radio communication system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR970055694A KR970055694A (en) | 1997-07-31 |
| KR0154704B1 true KR0154704B1 (en) | 1998-11-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019950056542A Expired - Fee Related KR0154704B1 (en) | 1995-12-26 | 1995-12-26 | Automatic power control circuit and the method for radio communication system |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR0154704B1 (en) |
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| KR970055694A (en) | 1997-07-31 |
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