KR100663774B1 - Fuel composition - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a fuel composition containing gasoline having an aromatic content of 42 vol% or less and a sulfur content of 150 ppm or less as a main component, and a fuel composition containing at least one gasoline additive having a cleaning action or a valve seat wear preventing action as a secondary component. The additive provides a fuel composition having a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 85 to 20,000 and containing at least one polar group.

Description

Fuel composition {FUEL COMPOSITION}

The present invention relates to a fuel composition comprising a particular gasoline as a major component and a gasoline additive selected as a minor component.

The carburetor and intake system of the Otto engine, and also the injection system for fuel distribution, are due to contamination caused by dust particles from air, unburned hydrocarbon residues from the combustion chamber and crankcase aeration gas passing through the carburetor. The load will increase.

These residues shift the ratio of air to fuel in the lower partial load zone during idling, resulting in poorer mixtures, and less complete combustion, which increases the content of non-combusted or partially burned hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas, Consumption increases.

It is known that such disadvantages can be avoided by using fuel additives to clean valves and carburetor or injection systems of Otto engines (see, eg, M. Rossenbeck, “Katalysatoren, Tenside, Mineraloladditive: J. Falbe, U. Hasserodt Edit, p. 223, G. Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 1978).

Moreover, for older engines of the auto design, the problem of valve seat wear occurs when fueling unleaded gasoline. To counteract this, valve seat wear protection additives based on alkali metal or alkaline earth metal compounds have been developed.

For trouble-free operation, modern auto engines require a series of automotive fuels with a complex set of properties that can only be guaranteed if made with the appropriate gasoline additive. Usually such gasoline consists of a complex mixture of compounds and is characterized by physical parameters. The correlation between gasoline and suitable additives in existing fuel compositions is still insufficient with regard to its cleaning or pollution reduction properties and its valve seat wear action.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide more effective gasoline / additive formulations.

Accordingly, a fuel composition containing gasoline having an aromatic content of 42% by volume or less and sulfur content of 150% by weight or less as a main component and at least one gasoline additive having a cleaning action or a valve seat wear preventing action as a subcomponent has been found. The gasoline additive has a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 85 to 20,000 and contains at least one polar group selected from the following (a) to (i):

(a) a monoamino group or a polyamino group containing up to 6 nitrogen atoms, wherein at least one is alkaline;

(b) nitro groups, optionally in combination with hydroxyl groups;

(c) a hydroxyl group combined with a monoamino group or a polyamino group, wherein at least one nitrogen atom is alkaline;

(d) carboxylic acid groups or their alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts;

(e) sulfo groups or alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts thereof;

(f) a hydroxyl group, a monoamino group or a polyamino group (at least one nitrogen atom is alkaline), or a polyoxy- (C ₂ -C ₄ alkylene) group terminated with a carbamate group;

(g) carboxylate groups;

(h) groups derived from succinic anhydride and containing hydroxyl groups and / or amino groups and / or amido groups and / or imido groups; And

(i) groups produced by the Mannich reaction of substituted phenols with aldehydes and monoamines or polyamines.

As for the aromatic content of gasoline, 40 volume% or less is preferable, and 38 volume% or less is more preferable. The preferred range for aromatic content is 20 to 42% by volume, with 25 to 40% by volume being particularly preferred.

The sulfur content of gasoline is preferably 100 ppm by weight or less, and more preferably 50 ppm by weight or less. The preferred range for the sulfur content is from 0.5 to 150 ppm by weight, with 1 to 100 ppm by weight being particularly preferred.

In a preferred embodiment, the gasoline has an olefin content of 21% by volume or less, preferably 18% by volume or less, more preferably 10% by volume or less. The preferred range for the olefin content is 6 to 21% by volume, with 7 to 18% by volume being particularly preferred.

In another preferred embodiment, the gasoline has a benzene content of 1.0% by volume or less and 0.9% by volume or less is preferred. The preferred range for the benzene content is from 0.5 to 1.0 volume percent, with 0.6 to 0.9 volume percent being preferred.

In another preferred embodiment, the gasoline has an oxygen content of 2.7% by weight or less, preferably 0.1 to 2.7% by weight, more preferably 1.0 to 2.7% by weight and most preferably 1.2 to 2.0% by weight.

Particular preference is given to gasoline having an aromatic content of 38% by volume or less, at the same time an olefin content of 21% by volume or less, a sulfur content of 50% by weight or less, a benzene content of 1.0% by volume or less and an oxygen content of 1.0-2.7% by weight. Do.

Usually, the content of alcohols and ethers in gasoline is relatively low. Typical maximum contents are 3% by volume methanol, 5% by ethanol, 10% by volume isopropanol, 7% by volume t-butanol, 10% by volume isobutanol and 15% by volume ether containing at least 5 carbon atoms in the molecule.

Typically, the summer vapor pressure of gasoline is 70 kPa or less, preferably 60 kPa or less (at 37 ° C).

Usually, the research octane number (“RON”) of gasoline is 90 to 100. The normal range of this motor octane number ("MON") is 80-90.

This property is determined by conventional methods (DIN EN 228).

Hydrophobic hydrocarbon groups in the gasoline additive, which provide sufficient solubility in fuel, have a number average molecular weight (M _n ) of 85 to 20,000, preferably 113 to 10,000, more preferably 300 to 5000. In particular, with respect to the polar groups (a), (c), (h) and (i), the usual hydrophobic hydrocarbon groups have a molecular weight (M _n ) of 300 to 5000, preferably 500 to 2500, more preferably 750 to 2250 Polypropenyl, polybutenyl and polyisobutenyl radicals.

The following examples of individual gasoline additives having a cleaning action or a valve seat anti-wear effect are mentioned as examples.

Additives containing a monoamino group or a polyamino group (a) are polypropylenes having a molecular weight (M _n ) of 300 to 5000 or highly reactive (ie, mostly containing terminal double bonds predominantly at the α or β position) or conventional ( That is, it is preferable that they are polyalkene monoamine or polyalkene polyamine based on polybutylene or polyisobutylene, which predominantly contain a central double bond. 20 weights of n-butylene units by hydroformylation and reductive amination to ammonia, monoamines or polyamines such as dimethylaminopropylamine, ethylenepentaamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetraamine or tetraethylenepentaamine Such additives based on highly reactive polyisobutylene, which can be prepared from polyisobutylene containing up to%, are disclosed in particular in EP-A 244,616. When the synthesis of additives is based on polybutylene or polyisobutylene with predominantly central double bonds (mostly β and γ positions) as starting material, chlorination step and subsequent amination step, or double bond with air or ozone It is clear to choose a method of synthesis involving the step of oxidizing to form a carbonyl or carboxyl compound followed by an amination step under reactive (hydrogenated) conditions. This amination can be carried out using the same amines as described above for the reductive amidation of the hydroformylated highly reactive polyisobutylene. Corresponding additives based on polypropylene are described in particular in WO-A 94/24231.

Another preferred additive containing a monoamino group (a) is a mixture of polyisobutylene and nitrogen oxide or nitrogen oxide and oxygen having an average degree of polymerization (P) of 5 to 100, especially as described in WO-A 97/03946. Hydrogenation product of the reaction product of the mixture.

Another preferred additive containing a monoamino group (a) is produced from a polyisobutylene epoxide by reacting with an amine and then dehydrating and reducing the amino alcohol, especially as described in DE-A 196 20 262. Compound.

Additives optionally containing nitro groups (b) in combination with hydroxyl groups have an average degree of polymerization (P) of from 5 to 100 or from 10 to 10, in particular as described in WO-A 96/03367 and WO-A 96/03479. It is preferable that it is the reaction product of polyisobutylene which is 100 and nitrogen oxide or a mixture of nitrogen oxide and oxygen. In general, these reaction products are mixtures of pure nitropolyisobutane (eg α, β-dinitropolyisobutane) and mixed hydroxynitropolyisobutane (eg α-nitro-β-hydroxypolyisobutane) to be.

The additive containing a hydroxyl group (c) combined with a monoamino group or a polyamino group preferably contains a predominant terminal double bond and has a molecular weight (M _n ) of 300 to 5000, in particular as described in EP-A 476,485. Reaction mixture of polyisobutylene epoxide and ammonia or monoamine or polyamine obtainable from phosphorus polyisobutylene.

The additive containing a carboxylic acid group or an alkali metal salt or alkaline earth metal salt (d) thereof is preferably a copolymer of C ₂ -C ₄₀ olefin having a total molecular weight of 500 to 20,000 and maleic anhydride, and the carboxylic acid group thereof The alkali metal salt or alkaline earth metal salt is completely or partially converted and the remainder of the carboxylic acid group is reacted with an alcohol or an amine. Such additives are disclosed in particular in EP-A 307,815. The additive primarily serves to prevent valve seat wear and, as described in WO-A 87/01126, has the advantage of being combined with conventional fuel diluents such as poly (iso) butylene amines or polyether amines. It can be used.

Additives containing sulfo groups or their alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts (e) are preferably alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts of alkyl sulfosuccinates, especially as described in EP-A 639,632. Such additives primarily serve to prevent valve seat wear and can be used with the advantage of being combined with conventional fuel detergents such as poly (iso) butylene amines or polyether amines.

Additives containing polyoxy (C ₂ -C ₄ alkylene) groups (f) are preferably polyether or polyether amines, these being C ₂ -C ₆₀ alkanols, C ₆ -C ₃₀ alkanediols, mono- Or di- (C ₂ -C ₃₀ alkyl) amine, (C ₁ -C ₃₀ alkyl) cyclohexanol or (C ₁ -C ₃₀ alkyl) phenol with 1 to 30 mol of ethylene oxide per hydroxyl or amino group and / Or by reacting with propylene oxide and / or butylene oxide and, in the case of polyether amines, subsequently carrying out a reductive amination reaction with ammonia, mono amines or polyamines. Such products are described in particular in EP-A 310,875, EP-A 356,725, EP-A 700,985 and US Pat. No. 4,877,416. Also, in the case of polyethers, such products have floating oil properties. Typical examples thereof are tridecanol butoxylate or isotridecanol butoxylate, isononylphenol butoxylate or isotridecanol butoxylate, isononylphenol butoxylate, polyisobutenol butoxylate and The corresponding reaction product with polyisobutenol propoxylate and ammonia.

Additives containing carboxylate groups (g) are esters of mono-, di- or tricarboxylic acids with long-chain alkanols or polyols, especially as disclosed in DE-A 3,838,918, in particular of 2 mm 2 / s at 100 ° C. It has the minimum viscosity. The monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids or tricarboxylic acids used may be aliphatic or aromatic, and suitable examples of ester alcohols or ester polyols are typical examples of mainly long chains containing 6 to 24 carbon atoms. Representative examples of such esters are the adipates, phthalates, isophthalates, terephthalates and trimellitates of isooctanol, isononanol and isotridecanol. Such products also have floating oil properties.

Additives derived from succinic anhydride and containing groups (h) containing hydroxyl and / or amino and / or amido and / or imido groups are preferably derivatives of polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride, with a molecular weight (M _n ) The conventional reactive or highly reactive polyisobutylene of 300 to 5000 is reacted with maleic anhydride by heat treatment or obtained via chlorinated polyisobutylene. Of particular interest in this regard are derivatives with aliphatic polyamines such as ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetraamine or tetraethylenepentaamine. Such gasoline additives are described in particular in US Pat. No. 4,849,572.

Additives containing groups (i) produced by the Mannich reaction of substituted phenols with aldehydes and monoamines or polyamines are polyisobutene substituted phenols with formaldehyde and monoamines or polyamines such as ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, tri It is preferably a reaction product of ethylenetetraamine, tetraethylenepentaamine or dimethylaminopropylamine. Polyisobutenyl substituted phenols can be obtained from conventional or highly reactive polyisobutylenes having a molecular weight (M _n ) of 300 to 5000. Such "polyisobutylene Mannich bases" are described in particular in EP-A 831,141.

In order to provide a more precise definition of the individual gasoline additives of the invention described above, the disclosure of the foregoing specification of the prior art is incorporated herein by reference.

The fuel composition of the present invention may contain other conventional ingredients and additives. The most notable examples of these are suspended oils which do not have any significant cleaning action, for example mineral suspended oils (basic oils), especially those of the viscosity class having "Solvent Neutral (SN) 500-2000", and Synthetic suspended oils based on polybutylene or polyisobutylene (hydrogenated or nonhydrogenated) in olefin polymers having a molecular weight (M _n ) of 400 to 1800, mainly poly (α-olefin) s or poly (internal olefins) There is this.

Suitable solvents or diluents (for use in additive packs) are aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons such as solvent naphtha.

Another common additive is, for example, corrosion inhibitors based on film forming ammonium salts of organic carboxylic acids or heterocyclic aromatics for non-ferrous metal corrosion protection, for example p-phenylenediamine, dicyclohexylamine or Antioxidants or stabilizers based on amines such as derivatives thereof or phenols such as 2,4-di-t-butylphenol or 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid, demulsifiers, Antistatic agents, metallocenes such as ferrocene or methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl, lubricity additives such as certain fatty acids, alkenyl succinates, bis (hydroxyalkyl) fatty amines, hydroxyacetamide or castor oil, and There is also a coloring agent (label). Also, in some cases, amine is added to lower the pH of automobile fuel.

Other suitable fuel compositions of the present invention describe, in particular, the above-described gasoline and carboxylic acids or fatty acids which may be present as gasoline additives and polarization inhibitors containing polar groups (f) and / or monomer and / or dimer species. It contains the mixture of the lubricity improver. Conventional mixtures of this type are alkanol initiated polyethers such as tridecanol or isotridecanol or butoxylate or propoxylate, polyisobutylene amines, alkanol initiated polyether amines such as tridecanol Or reaction mixtures of isotridecanol butoxylate and ammonia and alkanols disclosed polyester amines such as tridecanol or isotridecanol butoxylate and tridecanol or isotridecanol butoxylate or propoxylate Alkanols such as a reaction mixture of the disclosed polyether and ammonia combined, in each case with the corrosion inhibitor or lubricant improver.

The gasoline additives containing polar groups (a) to (i) and the other components are metered into gasoline when they become effective. The components or additives may be added to the gasoline either individually or as a pre-made concentrate (additive pack).

Said gasoline additive containing polar groups (a) to (i) is usually added to the gasoline in an amount of 1 to 5000 ppm by weight, preferably 5 to 3000 ppm by weight, more preferably 10 to 1000 ppm by weight. The other components and additives described above are added in usual amounts as necessary.

Surprisingly, the fuel composition of the present invention makes it possible to use significantly less detergent or valve seat wear inhibitors in order to achieve the same cleaning or fouling reduction action or valve seat wear protection action as in the case of prior art fuel compositions of the prior art. Moreover, when the same amount of detergent or valve seat wear inhibitor as in the fuel composition of the present invention is used in the fuel composition of the present invention, surprisingly clearly a better cleaning or contamination reduction or valve seat wear protection action is achieved.

In addition, the fuel composition of the present invention has the additional advantage that less sedimentation occurs in the combustion chamber of the auto engine and that less additive moves to the motor oil due to fuel dilution.

The present invention is intended to be illustrated by the following examples, but is not limited thereto.

 The gasoline used is those listed in Table 1 in accordance with the present specification, where OF1 represents a typical commercial auto oil.

ingredient OF1 (comparative) OF2 (invention) Aromatic content (% by volume) 48.4 41.8 Benzene Content (% Volume) 2.0 1.0 Olefin Content (% Volume) 22.6 7.8 Oxygen content (% by volume) 0.5 1.7 Sulfur content (ppm) 245 90 Summer Steam Pressure (37 ℃) (kPa) 78.4 69.3

Preparation of Fuel Composition

Example 1 (comparative example)

After hydroformylation, reductive amination with ammonia and diluting to equal parts by weight with C ₁₀ -C ₁₄ paraffin [Kerocom (R) PIBA, BASF Actiengeshaft Co., Ltd.], has a high molecular weight (M _n ) of 1000. 700 mg of polyisobutylene amine prepared from polyisobutylene was dissolved in 1 kg of OF1 as shown in Table 1.

Example 2 (Invention)

700 mg of the same polyisobutylene amine as used in Example 1 was dissolved in 1 kg OF2 as shown in Table 1.

Example 3 (Comparative Example)

600 mg of a commercial additive formulation for gasoline, containing a usual amount of detergent containing a carbamate group such as group (f), was dissolved in 1 kg of OF1 as shown in Table 1.                 

Example 4 (Invention)

600 mg of the same commercial additive formulation for gasoline as used in Example 3 was dissolved in 1 kg of OF2 as shown in Table 1.

Example 5 (comparative example)

After chlorination, OF1 1 as shown in Table 1, 400 mg of a commercial additive formulation for gasoline containing detergent, prepared by amination of polyisobutylene having a molecular weight (Mn) of 950 and predominantly having a central double bond. dissolved in kg.

Example 6 (Invention)

400 mg of the same commercial additive formulation for gasoline as used in Example 5 was dissolved in 1 kg of OF2 as shown in Table 1.

Example 7 (comparative example)

50% by weight of the same polyisobutylene amine as used in Example 1, and also containing a conventional amount of mineral and synthetic suspended oils and a corrosion control agent [Keropur (registered trademark) 3222, BASF actigel gelshaft], 750 mg of a commercial additive formulation for gasoline was dissolved in 1 kg of OF1 as shown in Table 1.

Example 8 (Invention)

350 mg of the same commercial additive formulation for gasoline as used in Example 7 was dissolved in 1 kg of OF2 as shown in Table 1.

Example 9 (comparative example)

For gasoline, containing 60% by weight of the same polyisobutylene amine as used in Example 1, and also containing a conventional amount of mineral suspended oil and a corrosion control material [Keropur® 3233, BASF Actiengegelshaft] 500 mg of commercially available additive formulation was dissolved in 1 kg of OF1 as shown in Table 1.

Example 10 (Invention)

500 mg of the same commercial additive formulation for gasoline as used in Example 9 was dissolved in 1 kg of OF2 as shown in Table 1.

Example 11 (comparative example)

OF1 as shown in Table 1, 700 mg of a mixture of 50% by weight of the same polyisobutylene amine as used in Example 1 and 50% by weight of a commercial antiwear additive [Kerocom® 3280, BASF Actiengeshaft] Dissolved in 1 kg.

Example 12 (Invention)

700 mg of the same additive formulation as used in Example 11 was dissolved in 1 kg of OF2 as shown in Table 1.

Action test

Example 13 (Comparative Example)

The gasoline of Example 1 was tested for suitability for maintaining a clean intake system. This was done by running an engine test in the form of a bench test using a Mercedes Benz engine CEC F-05-A-93. As expected, as shown in Table 2 below, deposits on the intake valves were clearly less than the basic valves obtained without the use of additives.                 

Example 14 (Invention)

The gasoline of Example 2 was tested for suitability for maintaining a clean intake system. This was done by running an engine test in the form of a bench test using a Mercedes Benz engine CEC F-05-A-93. As expected, as shown in Table 2 below, deposits on the intake valves were clearly less than the basic valves obtained without the use of additives. Surprisingly, it was found that complete cleaning of the intake valve was achieved using the same amount of fuel additive as compared to Example 13.

Example 15 (Comparative Example)

The gasoline of Example 3 was tested to determine its suitability for maintaining a clean intake system. This was done by running an engine test in the form of a bench test using a Mercedes Benz engine CEC F-05-A-93. As expected, as shown in Table 2 below, deposits on the intake valves were clearly less than the basic valves obtained without the use of additives.

Example 16 (Invention)

The gasoline of Example 4 was tested to determine suitability for maintaining a clean intake system. This was done by running an engine test in the form of a bench test using a Mercedes Benz engine CEC F-05-A-93. As expected, as shown in Table 2 below, deposits on the intake valves were clearly less than the basic valves obtained without the use of additives. Surprisingly, it was found that substantially complete cleaning of the intake valve was achieved using the same amount of fuel additive as compared to Example 15.                 

Example 17 (comparative example)

The gasoline of Example 5 was tested to determine suitability for maintaining a clean intake system. This was done by running an engine test in the form of a bench test using a Mercedes Benz engine CEC F-05-A-93. As expected, as shown in Table 2 below, deposits on the intake valves were clearly less than the basic valves obtained without the use of additives.

Example 18 (Invention)

The gasoline of Example 6 was tested to determine suitability for maintaining a clean intake system. This was done by running an engine test in the form of a bench test using a Mercedes Benz engine CEC F-05-A-93. As expected, as shown in Table 2 below, deposits on the intake valves were clearly less than the basic valves obtained without the use of additives. Surprisingly, it was found that substantially complete cleaning of the intake valve was achieved using the same amount of fuel additive as compared to Example 17.

Example 19 (Comparative Example)

The gasoline of Example 7 was tested to determine suitability for maintaining a clean intake system. This was done by running an engine test in the form of a bench test using a Mercedes Benz engine CEC F-05-A-93. As expected, as shown in Table 2 below, deposits on the intake valves were clearly less than the basic valves obtained without the use of additives.

Example 20 (Invention)

The gasoline of Example 8 was tested to determine suitability for maintaining a clean intake system. This was done by running an engine test in the form of a bench test using a Mercedes Benz engine CEC F-05-A-93. As expected, as shown in Table 2 below, deposits on the intake valves were clearly less than the basic valves obtained without the use of additives. Surprisingly, it has been found that significantly less fuel additive is needed than Example 19 to achieve similar intake valve cleanliness.

Example 21 (comparative example)

The gasoline of Example 9 was tested to determine its suitability for maintaining a clean intake system. This was done by running an engine test in the form of a bench test using a Mercedes Benz engine CEC F-05-A-93. As expected, as shown in Table 2 below, deposits on the intake valves were clearly less than the basic valves obtained without the use of additives.

Example 22 (Invention)

The gasoline of Example 10 was tested to determine suitability for maintaining a clean intake system. This was done by running an engine test in the form of a bench test using a Mercedes Benz engine CEC F-05-A-93. As expected, as shown in Table 2 below, deposits on the intake valves were clearly less than the basic valves obtained without the use of additives. Surprisingly, it was found that apparently better cleaning of the intake valve was achieved using the same amount of fuel additive as compared to Example 21.

Example 23 (comparative example)

The gasoline of Example 11 was tested to determine suitability for maintaining a clean intake system. This was done by running an engine test in the form of a bench test using a Mercedes Benz engine CEC F-05-A-93. As expected, as shown in Table 2 below, deposits on the intake valves were clearly less than the basic valves obtained without the use of additives.

Example 24 (Invention)

The gasoline of Example 12 was tested to determine suitability for maintaining a clean intake system. This was done by running an engine test in the form of a bench test using a Mercedes Benz engine CEC F-05-A-93. As expected, as shown in Table 2 below, deposits on the intake valves were clearly less than the basic valves obtained without the use of additives. Surprisingly, it was found that apparently better cleaning of the intake valve was achieved using the same amount of fuel additive as compared to Example 21.

additive Amount (mg / kg) Attachment on Intake Valve (mg / valve) Valve 1 Valve 2 Valve 3 Valve 4 Average Example 13 700 40 157 7 87 73 (547) Example 14 700 0 0 0 0  0 (239) Example 15 600 19 60 86 34 50 (274) Example 16 600 0 One 0 2  1 (239) Example 17 400 0 75 17 182 69 (402) Example 18 400 0 2 2 0  1 (239) Example 19 750 31 120 111 30 73 (592) Example 20 350 46 68 38 67 55 (239) Example 21 500 181 95 26 68 93 (475) Example 22 500 27 33 14 77 38 (239) Example 23 700 123 12 98 55 72 (558) Example 24 700 82 12 23 22 35 (239)

(Values in parentheses represent the default values for automotive fuel without additives)

Claims (14)

Contains as a main component gasoline having an aromatic content of 20 to 42% by volume and a sulfur content of 0.5 to 150 ppm by weight, and optionally containing at least one gasoline additive having a cleaning action as a secondary component with a gasoline additive having a valve seat wear protection. As a fuel composition to The gasoline additive contains at least one hydrophobic hydrocarbon group having a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 85 to 20,000; The additive having the cleaning action A hydroxyl group, a monoamino group or a polyamino group, wherein at least one nitrogen atom is alkaline, or a polyoxy- (C ₂ -C ₄ alkylene) group terminated with a carbamate group, and A group derived from succinic anhydride and containing one or more groups selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl groups, amino groups, amido groups, and imido groups At least one polar group selected from; The additive having the valve seat wear protection action is * A carboxylic acid group or an alkali metal salt or alkaline earth metal salt thereof, and * Sulfo groups or alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts thereof A fuel composition containing at least one polar group selected from. The gasoline additive according to claim 1, wherein the gasoline additive has a cleaning action: C ₂ -C ₃₀ alkanol, C ₆ -C ₆₀ alkanediol, mono- or di- (C ₂ -C ₃₀ alkyl) amine, C ₁ -C ₃₀ An alkylcyclohexanol or C ₁ -C ₃₀ alkylphenol is reacted with at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of 1 to 30 mol of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and butylene oxide per hydroxyl group or amino group, and a polyether In the case of an amine, the fuel composition contains polyether or polyether amine which can then be obtained by carrying out a reductive amination reaction using ammonia, monoamine or polyamine. 3. The at least one oxide of claim 2, wherein the additive having a cleaning action is a C ₂ -C ₃₀ alkanol selected from the group consisting of 1 to 30 mol of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and butylene oxide per hydroxyl group. And a polyether amine obtainable by reacting with ammonia, followed by a reductive amination reaction using ammonia, monoamine or polyamine. The gasoline additive according to claim 1, wherein as a gasoline additive having a cleaning action, a polyisobutylene having a conventional reactivity having a molecular weight (M _n ) of 300 to 5000 or highly reactive polyisobutylene is reacted with maleic anhydride by heat treatment, Or a derivative of polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride obtained via chlorinated polyisobutylene. The gasoline additive according to claim 1, wherein the gasoline additive has a valve seat anti-wear action, wherein the total molecular weight is 500 to 20,000, the carboxylic acid group is completely or partially converted into an alkali metal salt or an alkaline earth metal salt, and the remainder of the carboxylic acid group is alcohol Or a copolymer of C ₂ -C ₄₀ olefin and maleic anhydride, which is to react with the amine. The fuel composition according to claim 1, wherein the gasoline additive having a valve seat wear protection action contains an alkali metal salt or an alkaline earth metal salt of alkyl sulfosuccinate. The fuel composition according to claim 1, which contains gasoline having an olefin content of 6 to 21% by volume. The fuel composition of claim 1, wherein the fuel composition contains gasoline having a benzene content of 0.5 to 1.0% by volume. The fuel composition of claim 1, wherein the fuel composition contains gasoline having an oxygen content of 0.1 to 2.7% by weight. The fuel composition according to claim 1, which contains a gasoline additive containing a polar group at a concentration of 1 to 5000 ppm by weight. The method of claim 1, wherein the additive comprises at least one conventional additive selected from the group consisting of corrosion inhibitors, antioxidants, stabilizers, demulsifiers, antistatic agents, lubricity additives, colorants, carrier oils, solvents and diluents. A fuel composition comprising in the form of an additive package further comprising. 12. The fuel composition of claim 11, comprising a mineral carrier oil or a synthetic carrier oil based on an olefin polymer having a molecular weight (M _n ) of 400 to 1800. delete delete