KR100688183B1 - Variable speed motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a variable speed motor, wherein, in a motor to which a single-phase AC power is input, the motor includes a main winding 1 and a main winding 2 wound on a stator, and the main winding 1 and a main winding for controlling the speed of the motor. And a tap winding which is connected to the main winding 1 and the main winding 2 in series to increase the speed variable range of the motor, and is connected to the main winding 1 and the main winding 2 in series, respectively. Since the speed of the motor can be adjusted without a driver device, the manufacturing cost of the variable speed motor can be reduced, electromagnetic vibration noise can be reduced, and power consumption can be reduced.

Single-phase induction motor, winding, relay, abduction motor

Description

Speed changeable motor             

1 is an exploded perspective view showing a rotor and a stator of an abduction type motor.

2 is a circuit diagram of a general condenser driving type motor.

3 is a structural diagram of a pole number conversion single phase induction motor according to the related art.

4 is a motor speed variable circuit diagram according to the present invention.

Figure 5a, b is a circuit diagram showing a parallel, parallel connection state of the windings according to the present invention.

6 is a circuit diagram of a variable speed motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a graph showing a change in the rotational speed of the motor according to the winding switching in accordance with the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols on main parts of the drawings>

10: Sovereign ship 1 20: Sovereign ship 2 30: Relay

The present invention relates to a variable speed motor, and more particularly, in a motor to which a single-phase AC power is input, the motor includes winding windings 1 and winding windings 2 wound around a stator, and winding windings 1 for speed adjustment of the motor. And a winding that connects the main winding 2 and the main winding 2 to each one of series and parallel, respectively, and a tap winding for connecting the main winding 1 and the main winding 2 in series to increase the speed variable range of the motor. The present invention relates to a variable speed motor capable of adjusting speed and reducing vibration noise.

In general, a motor is composed of a stator with a winding and a permanent magnet, a rotor formed of an Al conductor or an iron core, and when the winding is mounted on the stator and a current is periodically changed in the winding, Torque is generated in the rotor by a constant change in the magnetic field, and thereby refers to a device that obtains rotational power.

The motor is generally divided into an electric motor and an abduction motor according to the positions of the stator and the rotor. In particular, the abduction motor has a current flowing through the stator in which the stator is located inside the rotor as shown in FIG. By the change of the external rotor has a structure to rotate.

In a typical single phase induction motor, when a single phase AC voltage is applied, back EMF is generated in the primary winding mounted on the stator side, and back EMF is generated in the secondary winding mounted on the rotor conductor side by the magnetic field generated at the stator winding side. As a result, torque generated is generated to rotate the rotor.

However, when a single phase AC power is applied as described above, the single phase induction motor does not generate rotational force because only an alternating magnetic field is generated in the direction of the winding axis. Therefore, once the starting device is installed to start the motor, a capacitor driving type single phase induction motor generally used will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

2 is an equivalent circuit of a general condenser driving type single-phase induction motor, and is composed of a main winding L1, an auxiliary winding L2, and a capacitor C connected in series with the auxiliary winding.

When the single-phase AC power source E1 is applied to the motor, an alternating magnetic field is generated in the main winding L1, and the auxiliary winding L2 has a 90-phase fast current flowing through the phase advance capacitor C. The auxiliary winding L2 has an auxiliary magnetic field having a phase difference of 90 degrees.

Therefore, the alternating magnetic field generated in the main winding L1 and the auxiliary magnetic field generated in the auxiliary winding L2 have different phases of the magnetic field, and thus the forces for rotating the motor are not canceled by the two magnetic fields.

On the other hand, in the conventional condenser operation type single phase induction motor, there may be a case where a multi-stage change of the rotational speed of the motor is required. However, since the single phase induction motor is operated by receiving a single phase AC power, It operates at a constant speed at the point where the load torque curve meets. Therefore, a predetermined separate device had to be provided for changing the speed of the motor.

In general, as an apparatus used for changing the speed of the motor, an inverter circuit is added to a three-phase motor or a separate driving driver circuit is used. In this case, the production cost of the variable speed motor is increased due to the high production cost. Occurred. Therefore, a pole number conversion type single phase induction motor is used as a speed control device of a relatively low production cost motor, and a two pole to four pole conversion single phase induction motor generally used in the number conversion motor will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 3. .

3 is a view showing the structure of a conventional general pole-number conversion type single-phase induction motor, as shown in the two-pole main winding (1a, 1b), two-pole auxiliary winding (2a, 2b), 4 wound in the slot of the stator It consists of four windings including pole windings (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) and four pole auxiliary windings (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d). In the 4-pole operation, the motor is driven using a 4-pole main winding and a 4-pole auxiliary winding.

In other words, the above-described pole number conversion type single phase induction motor of the prior art is installed separately for high speed and low speed windings. In this case, the cross section of the slot is increased by using four windings for the pole number conversion, thereby increasing the iron loss of the stator. There was a problem that the efficiency of the motor is reduced due to, and because the minimum variable speed that can be reached was limited, it was difficult to expand the variable speed range.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems of the prior art, by adjusting the speed of the motor without a drive driver device for variable speed from the outside can reduce the manufacturing cost of the variable speed motor and reduce the electromagnetic vibration noise only It is also to provide a variable speed motor that can reduce power consumption.

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In the variable speed motor according to the present invention for solving the above problems, a first main winding and a second main winding, which are wound on a stator, to which a single-phase AC power is input, the first and second windings for adjusting the speed of the rotor. The rotation speed of the rotor is switched by switching the tap windings in series with the relay, the tap winding, and the first and second main windings connected in any one of the series and the parallel, respectively, connecting the main winding to any one of series and parallel. It comprises a switch means for changing the. And, the variable speed motor according to the present invention can be used in dishwashers, dish dryers, washing machines and the like.
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 4, the variable speed motor according to the present invention includes a main winding 1 (10) and a main winding 2 (20), which are wound around a stator in a motor into which a single-phase AC power source E1 is input. In order to control the speed of the motor, the relay 30 which connects the main winding 1 and the main winding 2 to one of serial and parallel, respectively, is connected in series to the main winding 1 and the main winding 2 in order to vary the speed of the motor. It is configured to include a tab winding 40 so as to be.

The main winding 1 (10) and the main winding 2 (20) forms a total of four poles by forming the N pole and the S pole, respectively, which maintains the number of poles for the speed control of the motor, the relay ( 30) to perform the speed control function of the motor by switching the direct and parallel connection of the winding.

When power is applied in the circuit diagram, the applied power is distributed to each pole formed by the two windings 10, 20. In the circuit diagram, the relay 30 is a device configured to switch between the main winding 1 (10) and the main winding 2 (20) in the form of a direct and parallel type of connection, and the motor is automatically relayed according to the required rotational speed ( 30) is controlled to perform the speed adjustment function of the motor.

In this case, the voltage applied to the pair of poles is changed according to the coupling type of the coil wound on the motor as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B. When the voltage of the power applied to the motor is 220V, the voltage shown in FIG. As described above, when the coils are connected in parallel, voltages of 220 V are applied to the main windings 1 (10) and the main windings 2 (20), respectively. However, as shown in FIG. 5B, when the coils are connected in series, voltages are divided and distributed among the poles, so that the voltage across the pair of poles is 110V.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the variable speed motor includes a tap winding 40 that can be turned on / off in series connection with the main winding 1 10 and the main winding 2 20 by a switch action. The switch S1 is configured to be connected to the w or x point, and the switch is connected to the x point so that the tap winding 40 is connected to the main winding 1 (10) and the main winding. By connecting in series with 2 (20), a part of the voltage applied to the winding is applied to the tap winding 40, whereby the main winding 1, 2 (10) than when the tap winding 40 is off and does not operate. , 20) can be reduced.

For the above operation, the relay 30 is added between the two windings in order to switch the direct and parallel connections of the main windings 1, 2 (10, 20) to each other, and the winding of the motor for the high speed rotation of the motor. When this parallel connection is to be made, the a and b points are connected at the connection board inside box1, and the relay board is configured to connect the c and d points at the connection board inside box2, and the winding of the motor is In the case where it is necessary to be connected in series, the relay is configured to connect the point a inside the box1 and the point d inside the box2, so that the relay 30 can be used to switch the direct and parallel states of the windings of the motor, thereby rotating the motor. You can convert the speed to a large extent.

In addition, the tap winding 40 configured to be connected in series to the winding may be connected to the tap winding 40 by the switch action on / off, the switch is connected to the x point the tap winding 40 is When the switch is connected to the main windings 1 and 2, the applied power 220V is divided and distributed in proportion to the number of equivalent series turns by the main windings 1, 2 (10, 20) and the tap winding 40, respectively, When 40 is added, the voltage applied to the main windings 1, 2 (10, 20) becomes lower than when the switching occurs so that the tap winding 40 is turned off.

When the AC power is applied, an induction current is generated in the rotor by a change in the intensity of the magnetic field caused by the change of the current flowing through the winding mounted on the motor, and the induction current generates the rotation torque so that the rotor can rotate. Since the rotation torque is proportional to the magnitude of the power applied to the motor, when the main windings 1, 2 (10, 20) are connected in parallel, the motor is more than when the windings 10, 20 are connected in series. Since a large voltage is applied to generate a relatively large rotational torque, the rotational speed of the motor is increased.

In addition, when the tap winding 40 is added to the main windings 1, 2 (10, 20), the main windings 1, 2 (10, 20) than when the switching occurs so that the tap winding 40 is not connected. Since only a part of the power is applied, the rotational speed of the motor becomes slow.

That is, the motor is operated by a switch operation that performs a switching function of the direct and parallel connection states of the main windings 1 and 2 (10 and 20) of the motor and the serial connection on / off state of the tap winding 40 according to the present invention. It can be controlled at the speed of the case.

According to the second embodiment of the present invention, the variable speed motor may be configured by adding an auxiliary winding having a turns ratio of 1 to allow the motor to rotate in reverse, and to adjust the speed of the motor when the motor rotates in reverse. To this end, it can be configured by adding the tab winding as described above, which will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 6.

According to FIG. 6, the auxiliary windings 1 (11) and the auxiliary windings 2 (21) are mounted in the opposite directions to the main windings 1, 2 (10, 20), and the poles are generated in the opposite direction when the same AC power is applied. It will rotate in the reverse direction. In addition, the switch 2 (S2) is controlled so that the motor can alternate between the forward winding main winding and the reverse winding auxiliary winding in order to switch the forward and reverse rotation as needed. In addition, switch 1 (S1) is connected to the w or x point for the forward rotation of the motor when the switch 2 (S2) is connected to the forward winding (u), the switch 2 (S2) is a reverse rotation winding (v) When connected to the switch 1 (S1) likewise connected to the y or z point.

In order to convert the reverse rotational speed of the motor into multiple stages, the second tap winding 41 is connected in series with the second winding winding in the same principle as the forward rotation of the motor, and the switch 1 (S1) is y or It is connected to point z and configured to control whether or not the second tap winding 41 is connected, so that the reverse rotational speed of the motor can be changed to four speeds as in the forward rotation, the speed variable type The motor will have the ability to adjust the speed in eight steps.

The relationship between the speed, torque, and load of the motor depending on whether the windings are connected in parallel, in series, and in tap windings is as shown in FIG. 7.

If the variable speed motor is to be rotated at high speed, the torque required by the load is judged by the load curve, and the point where the main winding 1 and the main winding 2 are connected in parallel meets at the point o representing the high speed. In order to rotate the motor at high speed, a certain amount of torque must be applied to the load. When the two windings are connected in parallel, the motor maintains the rotational speed of the motor at the required speed and at the same time the torque required by the load is applied to the load. Means to supply

When the variable speed motor is to be rotated at a high speed, the variable speed motor must be switched to connect the tap winding in series with the parallel winding winding lines 1,2. That is, when the tap winding is connected, the graph showing the relationship between the speed and torque by the power source meets at the load curve at the n point, so that the rotational speed of the motor can be maintained at high speed while providing the torque required by the load. If the tap windings are not connected in series, there is power loss such as over-torque applied to the load.

When the variable speed motor is to be rotated at a low speed or a low speed, the main windings 1 and 2 may be connected in series. In FIG. 7, the C curve and the D curve, which are graphs when the windings are connected in series, may provide the required torque to the speed and load required by the motor at the point (ml) where the curve meets the load curve. The main windings 1 and 2 are connected in series and the tap winding is turned off. When the motor needs to be rotated at low speed, the switching occurs so that the tap winding is connected in series to the series-connected winding to rotate the motor at low speed. Can be.

The variable speed motor according to the present invention may be mounted in a washing machine requiring a shift according to a washing stroke, and the motor mounted in the washing machine in the present invention may be replaced with an external motor as shown in FIG. 1. . The abduction motor has a structure in which a stator is installed inside and a rotor is installed on the outside, which uses a rotor having a larger radius than that of an internal motor. Therefore, the generation of torque per unit volume increases and is advantageous for the compact structure of the motor. There is this.

In the coil wound on the stator of the motor, by winding the coil in the abduction type motor, the amount of low speed and high speed of the rotational speed of the motor according to the form of the straight and parallel winding of the coil by increasing the torque generation per unit volume The range of differences can be made larger.

Although the variable speed motor according to the present invention has been described with reference to the illustrated drawings, the present invention is not limited by the embodiments and drawings disclosed herein, and the motor is a washing machine, a dish washer, a dryer, or the like. It can be applied by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical idea of.

The variable speed motor configured as described above is configured by adding a relay to a winding mounted on the stator of the motor to switch the series and parallel connection states of the winding, and by configuring a tap winding in series with the winding to configure the motor. The speed of the motor can be adjusted in multiple stages without the drive driver device for variable speed from the outside, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the variable speed motor, reducing electromagnetic vibration noise, and reducing power consumption. There is.

Claims (8)

In a variable speed motor in which a single phase AC power is input, A first main winding and a second main winding wound on the stator; A relay connecting the first and second main windings to any one of a series and a parallel, respectively, to control a speed of a rotor; Tab winding; And And a switch for switching the tap windings in series to the first and second main windings connected in one of a series and a parallel to change the rotational speed of the rotor. The method of claim 1, And the first main winding and the second main winding are wound to form four poles in the stator. The method of claim 1, The variable motor has a variable speed motor, characterized in that the stator is an abduction type structure located inside the rotor. The method of claim 1, The relay may be configured to connect the first and second main windings in series to rotate the rotor at a first speed, and to connect the first and second main windings in parallel to make the rotor faster than the first speed. A variable speed motor, characterized by rotating at two speeds. delete Washing machine comprising a variable speed motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4. A dishwasher comprising a variable speed motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4. A dish dryer comprising the variable speed motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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