KR100735715B1 - Binary Refrigerant Composed of Al22 and Al290 - Google Patents
Binary Refrigerant Composed of Al22 and Al290 Download PDFInfo
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- KR100735715B1 KR100735715B1 KR1020060095384A KR20060095384A KR100735715B1 KR 100735715 B1 KR100735715 B1 KR 100735715B1 KR 1020060095384 A KR1020060095384 A KR 1020060095384A KR 20060095384 A KR20060095384 A KR 20060095384A KR 100735715 B1 KR100735715 B1 KR 100735715B1
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Abstract
본 발명은 증기 압축식 공조기/히트펌프에서 사용되는 R22와 R290으로 된 혼합냉매에 관한 것이며, 더욱 자세하게는 가정용 에어컨, 히트펌프, 상업용 공조기 등에 널리 사용되어 온 모노클로로플루오로메탄의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있는 혼합냉매에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따른 혼합냉매는 R22 70~90중량%와 R290(프로판) 10~30중량%로 구성된다.The present invention relates to a mixed refrigerant of R22 and R290 used in a vapor compression air conditioner / heat pump, and more particularly, to improve the performance of monochlorofluoromethane which has been widely used in household air conditioners, heat pumps, and commercial air conditioners. It relates to a mixed refrigerant which can be. The mixed refrigerant according to the present invention is composed of 70 to 90% by weight of R22 and 10 to 30% by weight of R290 (propane).
Description
본 발명은 증기 압축식 공조기/히트펌프에서 냉매(Refrigerant, 이하 R이라 한다)로 사용할 수 있는 물질 즉 ‘R22와 R290(프로판, Propane)으로 구성된 혼합냉매’에 관한 것이며 좀 더 구체적으로는 지금까지 가정용 에어컨, 히트펌프, 상업용 공조기 등에 널리 사용되어 온 모노클로로플루오로메탄(CHClF2, 이하 R22 혹은 HCFC22라 한다)의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있는 혼합냉매에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a material which can be used as a refrigerant (referred to as R) in a steam compression air conditioner / heat pump, that is, 'a mixed refrigerant composed of R22 and R290 (propane, propane)', and more specifically, to date. The present invention relates to a mixed refrigerant capable of improving the performance of monochlorofluoromethane (CHClF 2 , hereinafter referred to as R22 or HCFC22), which has been widely used in domestic air conditioners, heat pumps, and commercial air conditioners.
지금까지는 에어컨, 히트펌프(열펌프) 등의 냉매로서 메탄 또는 에탄에서 유도한 염화불화탄소(Chlorofluorocarbon, 이하 CFC라 한다)와 수소화염화불화탄소(Hydrochlorofluorocarbon, 이하 HCFC라 한다)가 주로 사용되어 왔으며 특히 가정용 에어컨, 상업용 공조기 등에는 비등점이 -40.8℃이고 분자 질량이 86.47kg/kmol인 HCFC22가 가장 널리 사용되어 왔다.Until now, chlorofluorocarbons (hereinafter referred to as CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (hereinafter referred to as HCFCs) derived from methane or ethane have been mainly used as refrigerants for air conditioners and heat pumps. HCFC22, which has a boiling point of -40.8 ° C and a molecular mass of 86.47 kg / kmol, has been most widely used in household air conditioners and commercial air conditioners.
최근에는 HCFC22가 여름에 사용되는 에어컨뿐만 아니라 겨울의 난방을 위한 히트펌프에도 널리 쓰이고 있다. 히트펌프의 경우 저온에서 고온으로 온도를 상승 시키기 때문에 압축기 토출 온도가 급격히 상승되어 이로 인한 압축기 손상이 큰 문제가 되고 있다. 또한 겨울에 외부 온도 저하에 따라 히트펌프의 난방 능력도 동시에 감소하므로 히트펌프의 확산을 위해서는 어떤 식으로든 난방 능력을 향상시키는 것이 필요하다.Recently, HCFC22 is widely used not only for summer air conditioners but also for heat pumps for winter heating. In the case of the heat pump, since the temperature of the compressor is increased from a low temperature to a high temperature, the compressor discharge temperature is rapidly increased, thereby causing damage to the compressor. In addition, the heating capacity of the heat pump is also reduced at the same time as the external temperature decreases in winter, so it is necessary to improve the heating capacity in some way to spread the heat pump.
어떤 물질이 기존 냉매의 대체냉매로 유용하려면 우선 기존 냉매와 유사한 성능계수(Coefficient of performance, 이하 COP라 한다)와 증발기 용량(Evaporator capacity, 이하 QE라 한다)을 가져야 한다. 여기서 성능계수(COP)란 압축기에 가해진 일과 대비한 총 냉동효과를 의미하며 COP가 클수록 공조기의 에너지 효율이 좋다. 또한 압축기를 크게 개조하지 않고 사용하려면 대체냉매가 기존 냉매와 비슷한 증기압을 가져서 궁극적으로 비슷한 증발기 용량을 제공해야 한다. 이 같은 필요조건을 만족시킬 수 있는 방법 중 하나가 혼합냉매를 이용하는 것이다. 혼합냉매의 특성은 조성을 잘 배합해서 성능계수를 기존 냉매와 비슷하게 하고 동시에 기존 냉매와 비슷한 증발기 용량(QE)을 내게 하며 이로써 압축기를 크게 개조할 필요가 없게 만들 수 있다는 것이다. 이런 특성 때문에 지난 몇 년간 HCFC22의 대체물로 여러 혼합냉매가 제안된바 있으나 그것들은 대부분 겨울철 히트펌프의 특성을 살리기 위해 꼭 필요한 압축기 토출 온도 감소와 난방 능력 향상을 달성하지 못했다. In order for a substance to be useful as an alternative to a conventional refrigerant, it must first have a similar coefficient of performance (COP) and evaporator capacity (QE). Here, the coefficient of performance (COP) refers to the total refrigeration effect compared to the work applied to the compressor, the larger the COP, the better the energy efficiency of the air conditioner. In addition, in order to use the compressor without major modifications, the alternative refrigerant must have a vapor pressure comparable to that of the existing refrigerant, ultimately providing a similar evaporator capacity. One way to satisfy this requirement is to use a mixed refrigerant. The characteristics of mixed refrigerants are that they can be formulated so that their coefficients of performance are comparable to those of conventional refrigerants, while at the same time providing an evaporator capacity (QE) similar to that of conventional refrigerants, thereby eliminating the need for major modifications to the compressor. Due to these characteristics, several mixed refrigerants have been proposed as substitutes for HCFC22 in the past few years, but most of them have not achieved the reduction of the compressor discharge temperature and the improvement of heating capacity, which are essential for the winter heat pump.
본 발명은 상기한 종래기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위해 발명된 것으로서, 본 발명의 목적은 히트펌프에서 압축기 토출온도를 감소시키고 동시에 난방 능력을 향 상시키도록 하는 혼합냉매를 제공하는 것이다.The present invention has been invented to solve the above problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a mixed refrigerant to reduce the compressor discharge temperature in the heat pump and at the same time improve the heating capacity.
이러한 본 발명의 목적은 R22 70~90중량%와 R290(프로판) 10~30중량%로 구성되는 혼합냉매에 의해 달성된다.This object of the present invention is achieved by a mixed refrigerant consisting of 70 to 90% by weight of R22 and 10 to 30% by weight of R290 (propane).
본 발명의 그밖의 목적, 특정한 장점 및 신규한 특징들은 이하의 상세한 설명과 바람직한 실시예들로부터 더욱 분명해질 것이다.Other objects, specific advantages and novel features of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description and the preferred embodiments.
본 발명은 증기 압축식 공조기/히트펌프에서 냉매(Refrigerant, 이하 R이라 한다)로 사용할 수 있는 물질 즉 ‘R22와 R290(프로판, Propane)으로 구성된 혼합냉매’에 관한 것이며, 지금까지 가정용 에어컨, 히트펌프, 상업용 공조기 등에 널리 사용되어 온 모노클로로플루오로메탄(CHClF2, 이하 R22 혹은 HCFC22라 한다)보다 성능이 향상된 혼합냉매에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a material that can be used as a refrigerant (referred to as R) in a steam compression air conditioner / heat pump, that is, 'a mixed refrigerant composed of R22 and R290 (propane, propane)'. The present invention relates to a mixed refrigerant having improved performance over monochlorofluoromethane (CHClF 2 , hereinafter referred to as R22 or HCFC22), which has been widely used in pumps and commercial air conditioners.
본 발명의 목적은 기존의 HCFC22의 성능을 개선해서 겨울철에 쓰이는 히트펌프의 난방 능력을 향상시키고 동시에 압축기 토출 온도를 낮추어 시스템의 내구성을 증진시키는 혼합냉매를 제시하는 것이다. 좀 더 구체적으로 본 발명은 R22와 R290으로 구성된 2원 혼합냉매에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에서 제안하는 R22와 R290으로 구성된 혼합냉매는 히트펌프에 쓸 때 난방 능력을 향상시키고 압축기 토출 온도를 낮추어 줌으로써 기존의 R22의 문제점을 극복하는 대체물이다.It is an object of the present invention to improve the performance of the conventional HCFC22 to improve the heating capacity of the heat pump used in winter, and at the same time to propose a mixed refrigerant to improve the durability of the system by lowering the compressor discharge temperature. More specifically, the present invention relates to a binary mixed refrigerant consisting of R22 and R290. The mixed refrigerant composed of R22 and R290 proposed in the present invention is an alternative to overcome the problems of the conventional R22 by improving the heating capacity and lowering the compressor discharge temperature when used in the heat pump.
대체 혼합냉매를 개발하기 위해 본 발명자는 공조기의 성능을 측정하는 실험 장치를 만들어서 HCFC22와 대체 혼합냉매의 성능을 직접 측정하였다. 본 실험 장치에는 일반적인 공조기(히트펌프)와 마찬가지로 증발기, 응축기, 압축기, 팽창 밸브 등이 있으며 특별히 압축기는 기존의 상업용 에어컨/히트펌프에 쓰이는 제품을 사용하였다.In order to develop an alternative mixed refrigerant, the inventors made an experimental apparatus for measuring the performance of the air conditioner to directly measure the performance of the HCFC22 and the alternative mixed refrigerant. The experiment equipment includes evaporators, condensers, compressors, expansion valves, and the like, as well as general air conditioners (heat pumps). Compressors were used for commercial air conditioners / heat pumps.
본 발명자는 동일한 겨울철 히트펌프 구동 조건(대략적으로 증발기 냉매 온도: -7℃, 응축기 냉매 온도: 41℃)에서 기존의 HCFC22(R22)의 성능과 또 HCFC22(R22)와 R290을 혼합한 대체냉매의 성능을 측정하였다. The present inventors have compared the performance of the conventional HCFC22 (R22) and the alternative refrigerant mixed with HCFC22 (R22) and R290 under the same winter heat pump driving conditions (approximately evaporator refrigerant temperature: -7 ° C, condenser refrigerant temperature: 41 ° C). The performance was measured.
[표 1]은 실험에서 얻은 결과들을 요약한 것으로서 기준이 되는 HCFC22(R22) 그리고 본 발명에 따른 혼합냉매들의 성능 지수를 보여 준다. Table 1 summarizes the results obtained in the experiment and shows the performance index of HCFC22 (R22) and the mixed refrigerants according to the present invention as a reference.
○ COP : 성능계수(Coefficient of performance, 총 냉동효과/압축기에 가해진 일)○ COP: coefficient of performance (Coefficient of performance, total refrigeration effect / work done on the compressor)
○ QE : 증발기 용량(Evaporator capacity)○ QE: Evaporator capacity
○ Tdis : 압축기 토출 온도(Compressor discharge temperature)○ Tdis: Compressor discharge temperature
○ COPdiff : HCFC22 대비 성능계수 차이○ COP diff : Performance factor difference compared to HCFC22
○ QEdiff : HCFC22 대비 증발기 용량 차이○ QE diff : Evaporator capacity difference compared to HCFC22
○ Tdisdiff : HCFC22 대비 압축기 토출 온도 차이○ Tdis diff : Compressor discharge temperature difference compared to HCFC22
[표 1]에서 볼 수 있듯이 R22에 R290(프로판)을 10~30 중량%를 첨가하면 증발기 용량이 5.5~7.7% 증가한다. 또한 압축기 토출 온도는 5.1~14.9℃ 감소한다.As shown in Table 1, the addition of 10-30% by weight of R290 (propane) to R22 increases the evaporator capacity by 5.5-7.7%. In addition, the compressor discharge temperature is reduced by 5.1 ~ 14.9 ℃.
본 발명에 따른 혼합냉매에 있어서 R22 70중량%와 프로판 30중량%로 구성된 경우(본 발명 예 1) HCFC22(R22)와 비교하여 압축기 토출온도는 14.9℃ 감소되고 증발기 용량은 5.5% 증가된다. 본 발명에 따른 혼합냉매에 있어서 R22 90중량%와 프로판 10중량%로 구성된 경우(본 발명예 4) HCFC22(R22)와 비교하여 압축기 토출온도는 5.1℃ 감소되고 증발기 용량은 7.7% 증가된다. When the mixed refrigerant according to the present invention is composed of 70% by weight of R22 and 30% by weight of propane (Inventive Example 1), the compressor discharge temperature is reduced by 14.9 ° C and the evaporator capacity is increased by 5.5% compared with HCFC22 (R22). When the mixed refrigerant according to the present invention is composed of 90% by weight of R22 and 10% by weight of propane (Invention Example 4), the compressor discharge temperature is reduced by 5.1 ° C. and the evaporator capacity is increased by 7.7% compared with HCFC22 (R22).
[표 1]에서 보여지듯이 R22와 프로판으로 구성된 혼합냉매에서 프로판의 조성비율이 증가하면 증발기 용량이 감소하는 것을 볼 수 있다. 따라서 R22와 프로판으로 구성된 혼합냉매에서 프로판의 조성비율이 30중량%를 넘게 되면 증발기의 용량 증가가 5.5%이하로 너무 작아지므로, 프로판의 조성비율은 30중량% 이하인 것이 바람직하다.As shown in Table 1, it can be seen that the evaporator capacity decreases as the composition ratio of propane increases in the mixed refrigerant composed of R22 and propane. Therefore, if the composition ratio of propane in the mixed refrigerant composed of R22 and propane exceeds 30% by weight, the increase in capacity of the evaporator is too small, less than 5.5%, it is preferable that the composition ratio of propane is 30% by weight or less.
또한 [표 1]에서 보여지듯이 R22와 프로판으로 구성된 혼합냉매에서 프로판의 조성비율이 감소할수록 압축기 토출 온도의 감소비율이 작아지는 것을 볼 수 있다. 따라서 R22와 프로판으로 구성된 혼합냉매에서 프로판의 조성비율이 10중량% 미만이되면 압축기 토출 온도의 감소량이 5.1℃이하로 너무 작아지므로, 프로판의 조성비율은 10중량% 이상인 것이 바람직하다.In addition, as shown in Table 1, it can be seen that as the composition ratio of propane decreases in the mixed refrigerant composed of R22 and propane, the reduction ratio of the compressor discharge temperature decreases. Therefore, if the composition ratio of propane in the mixed refrigerant composed of R22 and propane is less than 10% by weight, the decrease in compressor discharge temperature becomes less than 5.1 ° C., so that the composition ratio of propane is preferably 10% by weight or more.
결과적으로 압축기 토출온도의 감소와 증발기 용량의 증가의 효과를 동시에 만족시키기 위해서는 R22와 프로판으로 구성된 혼합냉매에서 프로판의 조성비율은 10~30중량%인 것이 바람직하다.As a result, in order to satisfy the effects of decreasing the compressor discharge temperature and increasing the evaporator capacity at the same time, the composition ratio of propane in the mixed refrigerant composed of R22 and propane is preferably 10 to 30% by weight.
이런 결과들은 HCFC22에 프로판을 적정비율로 첨가할 경우 겨울철의 히트펌프 적용 사례에서 기존의 HCFC22가 안고 있던 문제들이 모두 해결됨을 보여 준다. 프로판이 첨가되면 성능계수가 다소 감소하지만 겨울철 히트펌프에서는 가장 중요한 성능 인자인 증발기 용량(난방 용량)의 증대와 압축기 토출 온도의 감소가 달성되므로 본 발명에 따른 혼합냉매들은 기존의 R22의 문제들을 모두 해결한다. These results show that the addition of propane to HCFC22 in an appropriate ratio solves all the problems of HCFC22 in winter heat pump applications. When propane is added, the coefficient of performance decreases slightly, but in the heat pump in winter, the increase of the evaporator capacity (heating capacity) and the reduction of the compressor discharge temperature, which are the most important performance factors, are achieved. Solve.
한편 프로판과 같은 탄화수소가 냉동/공조 시스템에서 순환되면 기름의 사용성이 좋아져서 압축기의 내구성이 향상되는 장점도 있다. On the other hand, when hydrocarbons such as propane are circulated in the refrigeration / air conditioning system, the usability of oil is improved, and thus the durability of the compressor is improved.
본 발명에 따른 혼합냉매에 의하면 히트펌프에서 압축기 토출온도를 감소시키고 동시에 난방 능력을 향상시키는 현저한 효과가 있다.According to the mixed refrigerant according to the present invention has a significant effect of reducing the compressor discharge temperature in the heat pump and at the same time improve the heating capacity.
비록 본 발명이 상기 언급된 바람직한 실시예와 관련하여 설명되어졌지만, 발명의 요지와 범위로부터 벗어남이 없이 다양한 수정이나 변형을 하는 것이 가능하다. 따라서 첨부된 특허청구의 범위는 본 발명의 요지에서 속하는 이러한 수정이나 변형을 포함할 것이다.Although the present invention has been described in connection with the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it is possible to make various modifications or variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the appended claims will cover such modifications and variations as fall within the spirit of the invention.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63105088A (en) | 1986-10-20 | 1988-05-10 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Blended refrigerant |
| JPH03152182A (en) * | 1989-09-12 | 1991-06-28 | Star Refrigeration Ltd | Noninflammable refrigerant composition |
| KR0130833B1 (en) * | 1990-07-26 | 1998-04-20 | 미리암 디. 메코너헤이 | Near-azeotropic lens for use as refrigerants |
| JP2003201470A (en) * | 1992-01-24 | 2003-07-18 | Green Engineering Ltd | Improved working non-azeotropic flowing media used in thermodynamic cycling applications |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63105088A (en) | 1986-10-20 | 1988-05-10 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Blended refrigerant |
| JPH03152182A (en) * | 1989-09-12 | 1991-06-28 | Star Refrigeration Ltd | Noninflammable refrigerant composition |
| KR0130833B1 (en) * | 1990-07-26 | 1998-04-20 | 미리암 디. 메코너헤이 | Near-azeotropic lens for use as refrigerants |
| JP2003201470A (en) * | 1992-01-24 | 2003-07-18 | Green Engineering Ltd | Improved working non-azeotropic flowing media used in thermodynamic cycling applications |
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