KR100742990B1 - 풍력 발전소의 운용방법 - Google Patents
풍력 발전소의 운용방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR100742990B1 KR100742990B1 KR1020047004573A KR20047004573A KR100742990B1 KR 100742990 B1 KR100742990 B1 KR 100742990B1 KR 1020047004573 A KR1020047004573 A KR 1020047004573A KR 20047004573 A KR20047004573 A KR 20047004573A KR 100742990 B1 KR100742990 B1 KR 100742990B1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
- F03D7/042—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
- F03D7/048—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller controlling wind farms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0272—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor by measures acting on the electrical generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/028—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power
- F03D7/0284—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power in relation to the state of the electric grid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
- F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
- F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
- F03D9/257—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor the wind motor being part of a wind farm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
- F05B2270/103—Purpose of the control system to affect the output of the engine
- F05B2270/1033—Power (if explicitly mentioned)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/304—Spool rotational speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/335—Output power or torque
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/337—Electrical grid status parameters, e.g. voltage, frequency or power demand
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/40—Synchronising a generator for connection to a network or to another generator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/30—Wind power
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
- Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (27)
- 복수의 풍력 발전기로 이루어진 풍력 발전소를 운용하는 방법에 있어서,상기 발전소는 발전소에 의해 생성된 전력이 공급되는 네트워크에 연결되어 있고 최소한 하나의 발전기는 제어입력부를 가지고 있어서 하나 또는 그 이상의 발전기의 전력이 각기 생산가능한 전력, 상세히는 공칭 전력을 기준으로 0에서 100%사이로 설정되고, 상기 제어입력부는 데이터처리장치와 연결되어 있어서 상기 데이터처리장치에 의해 설정값은 에너지 네트워크로 보내기 위한 전체 발전소의 총출력전력에 의존하여 0에서 100% 사이로 설정되며, 상기 전기 공급망의 운용자(PSU)가 제어입력부를 통해 발전기로부터 전송되는 전력을 조절할 수 있어서 상기 전원 공급망의 네트워크 주파수가 주어진 값보다 크거나, 전원 공급망의 네트워크 전압이 주어진 값보다 크거나 작으면 상기 발전소의 전송전력은 줄어들고 공급 전압과 공급 전류 사이의 위상각 Φ는 상기 네트워크 전압에 의존하여 변하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 발전소와 연결된 전력공급망에 전송가능한 최대 전력량보다 더 많은 양의 공칭 전력을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 풍력 발전소.
- 제 2항에 있어서,최대로 가능한 공급전력값에 도달했을 때 최소한 하나 이상의 풍력 발전기의 전력이 제한되는 것을 특징으로 하는 풍력 발전소.
- 제 2항 또는 제 3항에 있어서,상기 발전기의 전력제한이 모두 일률적인 양으로 제한되거나 각기 다른 양으로 제한되는 것을 특징으로 하는 풍력 발전소.
- 제 2항 또는 제 3항에 있어서,상기 발전소는 생산된 에너지를 상기 네트워크로 공급하는 적어도 하나의 발전기를 구비하고, 상기 발전기의 전송전력의 양을 전송가능최대전력(공칭 전력)보다 낮은 값을 가지는 최대 공급 가능 전력값으로 제한하고, 상기 최대 공급가능 전력은 에너지를 공급받는 네트워크의 수용용량(전력용량) 또는 전력전송유닛 또는 변압기의 전력용량 또는 이들의 조합에 의해 정해지는 것을 특징으로 하는 풍력 발전소.
- 제 2항 또는 제 3항에 있어서,바람에 처음으로 대면하는 발전기들은 바람의 방향에 있어서 이들 뒤에 있는 발전기보다 전력제한이 덜 가해지는 것을 특징으로 하는 풍력 발전소.
- 전기 네트워크에 전력전송을 하기 위한 제너레이터를 가지는 풍력 발전기를 하나 이상 구비한 풍력 발전소의 운용방법에 있어서,상기 전기 네트워크에 전송되는 전력이 상기 전기 네트워크의 주파수에 의존하여 조정되거나 조절되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 7항에 있어서,상기 네트워크의 주파수가 소정값을 초과하면 발전소로부터 상기 네트워크로 공급되는 전력이 줄어드는 것을 특징으로 하는 풍력 발전소의 운용방법.
- 제 8항에 있어서,상기 네트워크의 주파수가 상기 기준값의 3‰를 초과하는 경우 발전기의 공급전력이 줄어드는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 1항에 따른 방법을 수행하기 위한 발전기로서 로터 및 로터와 결합되어 상기 네트워크로 전력을 전송하는 제너레이터를 구비하는 발전기를 최소 하나 이상 가지는 풍력 발전소에 있어서,상기 네트워크에 유입되는 전압 또는 전류의 주파수를 측정하기 위한 주파수탐지기를 가지는 조정부를 구비하는 것과, 발전소로부터 상기 네트워크로 보내지는 전력을 측정된 네트워크 주파수에 의존하여 조절가능하게 하거나 또는 외부(PSU)에서 조절가능하게 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 풍력 발전소.
- 제 10항에 있어서,상기 조정부가 마이크로프로세서를 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 풍력 발전소.
- 제 11항에 있어서,상기 풍력 발전기(발전소)는 상기 마이크로프로세서에 결합된 인버터를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 풍력 발전소.
- 제 10항 내지 제 12항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,조정가능한 로터블레이드가 바람을 향해 맞춰짐으로써 상기 발전기의 기계적 에너지가 생성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 풍력 발전소.
- 제 10항 내지 제 12항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 발전기는 상기 네트워크의 주파수가 기준값의 2%를 초과하거나 그 미만으로 내려가면 전력을 전송하지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는 풍력 발전소.
- 발전기의 로터에 의해 동작하고 네트워크에 전력을 보내기 위한 장치인 제너레이터를 가지는 풍력 발전기를 구비하며, 네트워크로 들어가는 전압 또는 전류 또는 전압 및 전류를 제어하는 제어부를 구비하는 풍력 발전소의 운용방법에 있어서,상기 네트워크내의 최소한 한 위치에서 전압을 측정하는 수단이 제공되고, 측정값이 상기 제어부로 입력되어 제어부가 측정값에 의존하여 위상각 변이를 수행함으로써 위상각Φ이 공급되는 전류와 전압 사이에서 위상을 결정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 풍력 발전소의 운용방법.
- 제 15항에 있어서,상기 네트워크의 최소 하나의 소정점의 전압은 변하지 않는 방식에 의해 상기 위상각Φ가 변하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 15항 또는 제 16항에 있어서,상기 네트워크의 최소한 하나의 소정점(22,27)에서 전압이 측정되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.』
- 제 15항 또는 제16항에 있어서,상기 전압이 공급점과 다른 점(22,27)에서 측정되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 15항 또는 제16항에 있어서,위상각Φ을 위해 정해져야 하는 값들이 소정의 특성값들로부터 얻어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 15항 또는 제16항에 있어서,조정은 직접 또는 간접적으로 네트워크의 스위칭장치를 작동시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 15항 또는 제16항에 있어서,상기 네트워크(6,7)의 일부에서 위상각Φ에 의한 전압탐지과정과 조정과정이 별개로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 15항 또는 제 16항에 따른 방법을 수행하기 위한 장치(10)를 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 풍력 발전기.
- 풍력 발전소의 별개로 조정가능한 부분을 위한 전압 측정 장치(22,27)와 제 15항 또는 제 16항에 따른 방법을 수행하기 위한 장치(10)를 가지는 풍력 발전기를 두 개 이상 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 풍력 발전소.
- 제 2항 또는 제 3항에 있어서,상기 전원 공급망의 전압이 주어진 공칭전압 이하로 떨어지는 상황이 되면 1초 보다 많은 시간 안에 네트워크로부터 분리되는 것을 특징으로 하는 풍력 발전소.
- 제 2항 또는 제 3항에 있어서,상기 발전소의 전력 상승 또는 하강을 상기 발전소의 분당 네트워크연결용량의 5% 내지 15%로 제한하는 것을 특징으로 하는 풍력 발전소.
- 제 7항 내지 제9항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 방법을 수행하기 위한 발전기로서 로터 및 로터와 결합되어 상기 네트워크로 전력을 전송하는 제너레이터를 구비하는 발전기를 최소 하나 이상 가지는 풍력 발전소에 있어서,상기 네트워크에 유입되는 전압 또는 전류의 주파수를 측정하기 위한 주파수탐지기를 가지는 조정부를 구비하는 것과, 발전소로부터 상기 네트워크로 보내지는 전력을 측정된 네트워크 주파수에 의존하여 조절가능하게 하거나 또는 외부(PSU)에서 조절가능하게 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 풍력 발전소.
- 제 24항에 있어서,상기 풍력 발전소가 2 내지 6초 사이에 네트워크로부터 분리되는 것을 특징으로 하는 풍력 발전소.
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| DE10148225 | 2001-09-28 | ||
| DE10148225.6 | 2001-09-28 | ||
| PCT/EP2002/010627 WO2003030329A1 (de) | 2001-09-28 | 2002-09-21 | Verfahren zum betrieb eines windparks |
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| KR20040037185A KR20040037185A (ko) | 2004-05-04 |
| KR100742990B1 true KR100742990B1 (ko) | 2007-07-27 |
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