KR101455349B1 - concentrating photovoltaic module with reflective mirror. - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a light collecting type solar cell module device to which an inductive reflector having a shape such as a flat, parabolic, or spherical shape is applied, and more particularly to a solar cell module In order to design and manufacture an efficient and stable condensing type solar cell module, a reflective lens and a reflector are used to collect the light. The module is configured in a modular form so that it can be easily applied to various environments. The present invention relates to a light-collecting type solar cell module device having a structure that has a sealing structure for light, dust, and contrast, and has an effective power generation performance in a region where dust or a large temperature difference is generated and has a mechanical durability.

Description

Concentrating photovoltaic module with reflective mirror.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a light collecting type solar cell module device to which an inductive reflector having a shape such as a flat, parabolic, or spherical shape is applied, and more particularly to a solar cell module In order to design and manufacture an efficient and stable condensing type solar cell module, it is composed of a reflection type lens and a reflector, and is configured as a modular type so that it can be easily applied to various environments. The present invention relates to a light-collecting type solar cell module device having a structure that has a sealing structure for light, dust, and contrast, and has an effective power generation performance in a region where dust or a large temperature difference is generated and has a mechanical durability.

Solar power generates holes and electrons in the solar cell by the energy of the sun light when the sun light is attached to the solar cell which is the junction of the p-type semiconductor and the n-type semiconductor.

At this time, the holes are collected toward the p-type semiconductor and the electrons are collected toward the n-type semiconductor, so that a current flows when a potential difference occurs.

The advantage of photovoltaic power generation is that there is no pollution, it can be developed only where it is needed, and it is easy to maintain.

On the other hand, there is a disadvantage that the amount of electric power depends on the amount of sunshine, the installation site is limited, the initial investment cost and the power generation cost are high.

Solar cells, which occupy more than 50% of the cost of photovoltaic power generation systems, are expensive and require measures to maximize the energy density per area. Concentrated photovoltaic power generation systems are emerging as a solution to this problem.

The efficiency of III-V solar cells applied to light-gathering solar cells is constant, while the efficiency of other solar cells such as monocrystalline silicon solar cells, CIGS, and DSSC is kept constant. have.

At present, Sharp has announced the successful development of solar cells with efficiency of 44.4%. In some studies, ultra-high efficiency cells of more than 50% have been successfully tested at the laboratory level.

This increase in efficiency has the hope of reducing the area of the solar cell system compared to the same area.

III-V compound semiconductors have various band gap energies by mixing Group III element In, Ga, Al and Group V elements AS and P materials.

InGaP thin film is used for the visible wavelength band of 600nm or less, InGaAs thin film is used for the near infrared band of 800nm or less, and Ge is used for the infrared band of below 1600nm.

InGaAs solar cells and InGaAs solar cells can be stacked on top of Ge solar cells with light absorption bands using III-V compound semiconductors to maximize the solar absorption rate by widening the absorption band.

III-V compound semiconductors are easy to fabricate thin films having various band gap energies and have a direct bandgap structure, so that the light absorption rate is higher than that of silicon.

In addition, by using tunnel junction, solar cells having various band gaps can be connected in series, while minimizing optical loss and electrical loss. Thus, a single thin film deposition process can be used for a multi-junction solar cell Production is possible.

 In such a high efficiency condensing type solar cell, in the region where the desert is formed due to the high temperature as in the equatorial region, the silicon solar cell increases the internal scattering and increases the recombination at the temperature increase. The commercialization process has been going away from experimental demonstration level in the desert area or near the equator due to the advantage of overcoming the shortcomings that have been limited in use.

The concentrating photovoltaic power generation system is a light-collecting structure that collects sunlight incident on a large area using a lens or a mirror or the like, and collects light on a solar cell having a small area, and a light- By using a lens or an aluminum coated mirror, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the solar cell module because the area of the solar cell can be reduced as the light intensity is increased.

On the other hand, the CPV (Concentrating Photovoltaic) system needs a module design that can maximize the performance through the dispersion effect of the condensing structure, temperature control and BOS unit price.

The conversion efficiency of the cell increases until the limit performance of the series resistance is reached.

 CPVs can be classified into lenses, reflections, and luminescent solar concentrators. The refraction type is mainly used for the Fresnel lens type, the reflection type is for the reflection type, the secondary lens, And has a structure in which the encapsulated receiver is modularized.

The refraction type is less efficient than the reflection type centered on the lens transmission type represented by the Fresnel lens. In the case of the reflection type, the sealing structure is complicated, and the allowable range of the error angle of the tracker is low.

However, it has disadvantages that the unit price for manufacturing the above-described solar cell module is expensive, and the material is limited, so that mass production of the product is impossible.

none.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a solar cell module, Type solar cell module, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost by designing the solar cell module with high power.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a condensing type module having a closed structure so that it can be manufactured in a form that can be applied in a difficult environment like a conventional silicon solar cell.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a structure in which a reflector is drawn into a cylinder cylindrical shell, thereby enabling a sealed type to be smoothly performed, and to thereby establish stability of performance.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a highly efficient induction reflector manufactured through aluminum electrolytic polishing on a light collecting type solar cell module.

In order to achieve the object of the present invention,

In the condensing type solar cell module device to which the induction reflector is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention,

A hemispherical cell support 200;

An inductive reflection part (300) installed on the inner surface of the cell support;

A secondary lens 130 formed inside the cell support,

A solar cell module unit 100 including a solar cell 140 formed on a heat sink formed below the secondary lens;

And a heat pipe (400) formed on one side of the cell support, thereby solving the problems of the present invention.

In the condensing type solar cell module device to which the induction reflector is applied according to the present invention,

By using the advantage of modularity of condensing type solar cell compared to refractive structure, it is possible to fabricate condensing type solar cell module by applying cell to matrix array up to 100 times or more to 500 times, so that manufacturing cost can be lowered through high power design .

Also, there is a great advantage that a condensing type module having a closed structure can be provided and can be manufactured in a form that can be applied in a rough environment like a conventional silicon solar cell.

In addition, the structure in which the reflector is drawn into the cylindrical cylindrical shell allows the sealed type to be smoothly performed, and the stability of the performance can be established accordingly.

In addition, a highly efficient induction reflector manufactured through aluminum electrolytic polishing is provided to the light-converging solar cell module.

1 illustrates an InGaP / GaAs tandem solar cell structure and power generation.
FIG. 2 is a process diagram illustrating a method of manufacturing a reflector of a condensing type solar cell module device to which an induction reflector is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an aluminum electrolytic polishing apparatus in a method of manufacturing a reflector of a condensing type solar cell module device to which an inductive reflector is applied, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an illustration showing an example of comparison of the milled structure of the square face of the same area.
5 is an exemplary view showing the shape of an image compared to the same area.
6 is an exemplary view showing the optical characteristics of the CPC lens.
7 is an exemplary view showing the shape of a light-convergence type solar cell for a solar cell array.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a condensing type solar cell module device to which an induction reflector is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a perspective view of a condensing type solar cell module device to which an inductive reflector is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a light condensing type solar cell module to which an inductive reflector is applied,

A hemispherical cell support 200;

An inductive reflection part (300) installed on the inner surface of the cell support;

A secondary lens 130 formed inside the cell support,

A solar cell module unit 100 including a solar cell 140 formed on a heat sink formed below the secondary lens;

And a heat pipe (400) formed on one side of the cell support.

At this time, the guide-

And the condensing magnification is increased by increasing the density through the arrangement of the reflecting mirrors 125 having the honeycomb-shaped octagonal structure.

At this time, the vertical incidence of the sun light is guided to the secondary lens 130 located on the front surface, so that a high light condensing power is obtained.

At this time, the guide-

And the reflecting mirror 125 to be formed has a regular hexagonal shape.

At this time, the guide-

24 mirrors, and the reflectors are arranged in 3 rows * 8 rows.

At this time,

(S100) for rubbing an aluminum test piece on a high-speed rotating abrasive machine provided with buffing abrasive emery buff to polish the mirror surface gloss;

An acidic degreasing step (S200) for performing acid degreasing to remove dirt existing on the surface of the aluminum test piece subjected to the mirror polishing process and removing the oxide;

An alkaline solution treatment step (S300) for treating the aluminum test piece with an alkaline solution;

(S400) for removing the ghost appearing on the aluminum surface during the alkaline solution treatment;

And an oxidation film treatment step (S500) for forming an oxidation film by a sulfuric acid method in order to increase the reflectivity on the aluminum surface.

At this time,

1050, which is a 1000-system aluminum, is used.

At this time, instead of the aluminum,

Magnesium or a titanium-based metal material is used.

At this time, the guide-directed cervical portion 300,

The surface shape of the reflector is characterized by being applied to any one of plane, concave, parabolic, hemisphere.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a condensing type solar cell module device to which an inductive reflector according to the present invention is applied will be described in detail.

It has already been proved that the amount of aluminum and glass necessary for making the structures or lenses of the light focusing type system described in the present invention is abundant and the structure made of such materials has no problem in reliability for decades of use.

Concentrated solar cells have also proven to maintain excellent adaptive capacity and performance without degrading their power generation capacity for more than 20 years in space.

In addition, various technologies required for making a light-gathering system using these materials, such as sealing, coating, and structure fabrication, can already outsource the technology developed in other industries such as the automobile industry or the household appliance industry, It is also applicable to mass production of

In the present invention, a secondary lens is placed on a module using solar cells as an array, and a form in which light is gathered by using a fixed condenser reflector on the reflector is more effective than a Fresnel lens method in which one condenser module is connected to one cell However, the module cost is designed to be low.

The development of condenser reflectors can also be used for solar power generation through condenser cells, but it can also be used as condensing solar heat using this system.

GaAs, which is a compound semiconductor, has proven to be highly reliable even in extreme conditions in semiconductor laser, which is a much more complicated structure than solar cell. III-V compound semiconductor solar cell uses solar cell with tannel junction technology, monolithic laminates can be used to make a single-stage advanced multi-junction tandem solar cell instead of a single junction structure. Such tandem III-V solar cells can be fabricated in different bands It is possible to develop ultra high efficiency solar cells of 50% or more because it is possible to make a material having a gap by epitaxial growth using MOCVD and to use most spectrum of solar light efficiently by stacking.

The amount of aluminum and glass required to make structures and lenses of condensing type systems is abundant, and the structure made of these materials has already proved to be of no problem in reliability for decades of use.

In addition, various technologies required for making a light-gathering system using these materials, such as sealing, coating, and structure fabrication, can already outsource the technology developed in other industries such as the automobile industry or the household appliance industry, It is also applicable to mass production of

FIG. 2 is a process diagram illustrating a method of manufacturing a reflector of a condensing type solar cell module device to which an induction reflector is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.

As shown in Fig. 2, a method of manufacturing a reflector of a light-convergence type solar cell module device to which an inductive reflector is applied includes the steps of:

(S100) for rubbing an aluminum test piece on a high-speed rotating abrasive machine provided with buffing abrasive emery buff to polish the mirror surface gloss;

An acidic degreasing step (S200) for performing acid degreasing to remove dirt existing on the surface of the aluminum test piece subjected to the mirror polishing process and removing the oxide;

An alkaline solution treatment step (S300) for treating the aluminum test piece with an alkaline solution;

(S400) for removing the ghost appearing on the aluminum surface during the alkaline solution treatment;

And an oxidation film treatment step S500 for forming an oxidation film by a sulfuric acid method in order to increase the reflectivity on the aluminum surface.

As the main material of the present invention, 1050 of 1000 series aluminum is used. As shown in Table 1, among the aluminum alloys, a material which is excellent in processability, surface treatment property and corrosion resistance is used.

ingredient Si Fe Cu Mn Mg Cr Zn Ti Al Component quantity 0.25 < 0.40 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < - 0.05 < 0.03 < 99.50>

 In addition to aluminum, metal materials such as Mg, Zn, and Ti can be applied through the same process.

In particular, magnesium or titanium materials have high corrosion resistance and surface hardness, which is highly practical due to corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance.

In order to achieve high reflectivity, electrolytic polishing, which is one of the non-contact polishing methods, is anodic dissolution process using an electrochemical reaction, connecting a target surface to a (+) electrode and a tool to a (- , The application of the metal is utilized to improve surface smoothness, gloss, corrosion resistance, and the like.

In addition, an anodic oxide film is formed by the sulfuric acid method, which is known to have the highest surface reflectance (gloss) in the anodic oxidation type.

It is known that the anodic oxidation method, also known as anodizing, has a reflectivity higher by 10% than that of electrolytic polishing.

The structure of the aluminum electrolytic polishing apparatus of the present invention is shown in Fig.

The outline of the process for producing a high-efficiency reflector through aluminum electrolytic polishing is as shown in Fig. 2. The aluminum test piece is rubbed on a high-speed rotary polishing machine equipped with buff buffing emery buffs to give a mirror polish (S100) Cleaning) is performed to remove the dirt on the aluminum surface and to remove the oxide (S200).

Because aluminum is an amphoteric metal, it reacts with acids and alkalis, but is relatively strong to acids and weak to alkalis.

Therefore, it is mainly degreased in weak acidic solution, and it is general to degrease in weak sulfuric acid solution especially in the case of rolling alloy.

In alkaline etching, the sodium hydroxide solution dissolves aluminum well, and the hydrogen gas generated at this time physically removes the adsorbed oil while making a gold-white surface.

In chemical polishing, aluminum becomes chemically anodic and the surface melts and becomes smooth.

The most commonly used chemical polishing agents are phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid-nitric acid-based solutions, which are suitable for the treatment of aluminum materials of 99.5% or more and are mainly used for smoothing rough surfaces.

When an aluminum alloy is treated with an alkaline solution such as sodium hydroxide (S300), copper, silicon, iron, and the like contained in the alloy component are insoluble in alkali and appear as a smudge on the surface of the treated product.

And performs the dispatch processing (S400) to remove this ghost.

An anodic oxide film (S500) is formed by a sulfuric acid method known to have the highest surface reflectance (gloss) in the anodic oxidation type.

After that, the reflector is manufactured through the general sealing process, drying process and heat treatment process.

The thus formed inductive reflector forms a hexagonal structure.

This is a structure that is concentrated on the light receiving surface and focused on the secondary lens located on the front side, so the density must be increased.

Since the regular hexagonal structure has a rectangular shape nearest to the circle having an adjacent outer angle of 360 degrees, a honeycomb-shaped regular hexagon as shown in FIG. 4 is used.

5 shows the shape of an image formed with the light receiving surface of the secondary CPC lens according to the shape of the reflecting mirror.

When a circular reflector is adopted, it is ideal in the form of matching images, but as it is seen from the dense structure, it has a lot of empty space, so the density becomes low.

When the reflector is a square, the density is high, but as seen from the shape of the image, the degree of matching with the light receiving surface is low, so that the loss increases and the light collection efficiency decreases.

The shape of the hexagonal reflector has good density and can keep the image loss on the light receiving surface with a low loss, which is an optimal design structure.

The reflector according to the present invention has a regular hexagonal structure.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, the optical characteristics of the CPC lens must be considered.

Specifically, in 1965, winston and hinterberger devised a compound parabolic concentrator (CPC), which is a parabolic reflector in the form of a funnel from the diaphragm to the absorption plate.

The left and right sides are in the form of other parabolic shapes, and the slopes at the ends of C and D are parallel to the midpoint of the collector.

All rays are defined and emitted so that the absorbing plate absorbs the light source and covers at an angle of the region where l < &gt;

In the present invention, an optimal design is designed to absorb light coming from an inductive reflection part into a solar cell, and a lens corresponding thereto is formed.

The lens used in the present invention is intended to have a structure capable of collecting light five times with respect to nine or more solar cells.

As described in the embodiment of the present invention, the most stable size in one III-V cell is a standard of 5.5 * 6.5 cells.

The area of the light collecting surface of this cell is 42.25 mm &lt; 2 &gt;.

When these cells are arranged using the matrix arrangement of 3 * 3, the area becomes 380.25 mm 2.

In this way, nine cells become the plane for power generation, and each cell is connected in series through wire bonding. (See Fig. 7)

If the electric characteristic of the cell is 2.5V in case of 100sun, and it is 1A in case of 1A, it becomes a module of about 20Wp in which 22.5V DC voltage and 1A current are generated.

If the cell array is designed again at a magnification of 5 in the CPC secondary lens, the area of the light receiving surface of the CPC is 3139.52 mm 2, which becomes a light receiving surface having a diameter of 65 mm in terms of the square face.

In reality, considering the distortion of the shape due to the reflection error, it is necessary to secure a margin of 10%. Therefore, the circle having an inner diameter of about 70 mm is designed so that the reflector has a regular hexagon shape having an inner diameter of 65 mm.

When one reflector is projected onto the light receiving surface of the CPC, the optical condensing magnification is 5, so 24 reflectors are required to design the condensing module at a magnification of 100 at the light condensing efficiency.

Therefore, it is only necessary to arrange the reflectors of 3 rows * 8 rows.

The condensing power and efficiency can be determined based on the experimental results on the condensing power when the condensing type lens is applied.

The solar light collection ratio is equal to the ratio of the total solar radiation reaching the condenser to the total solar radiation reaching the surface of the object.

The condensing ratio is defined as the amount of energy generated by the object to be condensed under the condition of 1,000 W / m &lt; 2 &gt;

Therefore, in general, the light collection efficiency can be obtained by a correlation between the theoretical light collection ratio and the actual light collection ratio.

In the condensing type solar cell module device to which the induction reflector is applied according to the present invention,

A hemispherical cell support 200;

An inductive reflection part (300) installed on the inner surface of the cell support;

A secondary lens 130 formed inside the cell support,

A solar cell module unit 100 including a solar cell 140 formed on a heat sink formed below the secondary lens;

And a heat pipe (400) formed on one side of the cell support.

That is, as shown in FIG. 8, for the purpose of developing an integrated type in which a condenser cell module for absorbing light is formed on a hemispherical cell support 200, Can be used together.

The opening through which sunlight is incident is sealed with a low iron tempered glass so that it can be applied in a difficult environment.

The reflector was developed to have a reflectance of 88% or more, and the area of the unit plate was made to be similar to that of the secondary condenser lens, and the area of the incident surface of the secondary condenser lens was calculated from the calculation result It is possible to select at a magnification suitable for the cell array technology.

The reflector can be applied in various shapes such as plate, parabolic, concave, hemisphere, etc., depending on the angle and distance of the guided reflection.

If the distance is large and the angle of reflection is large, a concave lens should be applied to increase the light collecting efficiency.

If the distance is close and the angle is small, a flat plate type may be used. This is an important design factor in the design of the reflection module.

The main technologies required for the production of a light-collecting solar cell system having a reflective structure include light-collecting solar cell technology, solar cell array and DC converter technology, heat dissipation technology, structural design technology, and reflector technology.

The heat pipe 400 and the metal PCB are designed to maintain the contact surface temperature of 80 ° C or lower in the AM 1.5 state. The epoxy resin widely used as the PCB material, the FR-4 substrate, And has a thermal response limit at a contact temperature of 80 ° C or higher.

In the case of the light-collecting type solar cell module, a metal base substrate is applied at a maximum temperature of about 120 ° C. to establish a heat dissipation and a frame structure.

The heat pipe is a device in which the working fluid inside the sealed vessel continuously transfers heat between the ends of the vessel through the phase change process between the vapor and liquid, and moves the heat using the latent heat, A very large heat transfer performance can be achieved as compared with a conventional heat transfer device using a working fluid.

The medium is ethylene.

Metal PCB is made of aluminum base (thermal conductivity k = 204W / m ° C, r = 2707kg / ㎥), thickness is 0.5-1.5mm, copper foil is 1oz (35um) ~ 2oz (70um)

The lower the thickness of the insulating layer, the better the thermal resistance, but the lower the withstand voltage, so it is appropriate to apply the insulating layer thickness of 80um ~ 100um.

The configuration will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

As shown in Fig. 9, the solar cell module unit 100 of the condensing type solar cell module device to which the inductive reflector is applied,

A secondary lens 130 formed inside the cell support,

And a solar cell (140) formed on a heat sink formed below the secondary lens.

A secondary lens 130 is formed on the inner side of the cell support and a solar cell 140 is formed on a heat sink formed on the lower side of the secondary lens.

Further, a heat pipe 400 is formed on one side of the cell support, and an electric wire is formed on the heat pipe.

According to the above configuration, a light-collecting type solar cell module having a structure in which a reflector is drawn into a hemispherical cell support is provided for durability and performance stability in a difficult environment such as dust, temperature difference, wet damage and the like.

Further, it is possible to provide a structure capable of increasing the condensing magnification by increasing the density through the arrangement of the reflecting mirrors having the octagonal shape of a honeycomb having an outer angle of 360 degrees.

In addition, since the heat dissipation structure uses the wide surface of the housing, a high heat dissipation effect can be expected, and the vertical incidence of the sun light is guided to the secondary lens located at the front,

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. It is to be understood, therefore, that the embodiments described above are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive.

The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the detailed description and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents are to be construed as being included within the scope of the present invention do.

100: solar cell module means
125: reflector
130: Secondary lens
140: solar cell
200: cell support
300: guided reflex neck
400: Heat pipe

Claims (9)

A condensing type solar cell module device to which an inductive reflector is applied,
A hemispherical cell support 200;
An inductive reflection part (300) installed on the inner surface of the cell support;
A secondary lens 130 formed inside the cell support,
A solar cell module unit 100 including a solar cell 140 formed on a heat sink formed below the secondary lens;
And a heat pipe (400) formed on one side of the cell support,
The guide reflection mirror portion 300 is characterized by increasing the density of light through the arrangement of the reflecting mirrors 125 having a honeycomb-shaped octagonal structure,
The reflector 125
(S100) for rubbing an aluminum test piece on a high-speed rotating abrasive machine provided with buffing abrasive emery buff to polish the mirror surface gloss;
An acidic degreasing step (S200) for performing acid degreasing to remove dirt existing on the surface of the aluminum test piece subjected to the mirror polishing process and removing the oxide;
An alkaline solution treatment step (S300) for treating the aluminum test piece with an alkaline solution;
(S400) for removing the ghost appearing on the aluminum surface during the alkaline solution treatment;
And an oxidation film treatment step (S500) for forming an oxidation film by a sulfuric acid method in order to increase the reflectivity on the aluminum surface.
delete The method according to claim 1,
And the vertical incidence of the sunlight is guided to a secondary lens (130) located at the front side so as to have a high condensing power.
The method according to claim 1,
The guiding reflecting portion (300)
And the reflector (125) is formed to have a regular hexagonal shape.
The method according to claim 1,
The guiding reflecting portion (300)
Wherein the reflecting mirror is arranged in three rows and eight rows, and the reflector is arranged in twenty-four mirrors and three rows and eight rows.
delete The method according to claim 1,
Preferably,
1000 series aluminum is used as the reflector type solar cell module.
The method according to claim 1,
Instead of the aluminum,
A condensing type solar cell module device to which an inductive reflector is applied, characterized by using a metal material of magnesium or titanium series.
The method according to claim 1,
The guide-directed cervical portion (300)
Wherein the surface shape of the reflector is one of plane, concave, parabolic, and hemispherical shapes.

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