KR101533978B1 - Combined CDI and EDI System for Liquid Radioactive Waste Treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system and a system for removing radioactive nuclides contained in a radioactive waste liquid, without the necessity of replacing the ion exchange resin.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system comprising: a reverse osmosis membrane unit for passing radioactive waste solution through a reverse osmosis membrane to remove radioactive material contained in a radioactive waste solution; A radioactive waste solution transported from the reverse osmosis membrane unit is passed through a storage desalination unit and the radioactive waste contained in the radioactive waste solution is adsorbed by a storage desalination unit; And an electrolytic desalination unit provided with a three-way valve through which the radioactive waste liquid transferred from the electrolytic saline solution unit is passed through the electrodeposition unit to completely remove the ionic substance including the radionuclide contained in the radioactive waste liquid, do.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a combined radioactive waste treatment system and a radioactive waste treatment system,

[0001] The present invention relates to a combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system of a storage desalination apparatus and an electrodemetation apparatus, and more particularly to a storage desalination apparatus and an electrolytic desalination apparatus which can completely remove rare radioactive nuclides contained in liquid radioactive waste, The present invention relates to a combined radioactive waste liquid treating system of an apparatus.

Liquid radioactive waste is inevitably generated during operation such as operation of water treatment system of nuclear power plants, decontamination of contaminated equipment, and washing of radioactive clothes.

Generally, the above-mentioned liquid radioactive waste selectively or non-selectively removes the radioactive material contained in the ionic state. In general, the radioactive waste is subjected to a main treatment process such as evaporation concentration, selective ion exchange, reverse osmosis separation To remove most of the conductivity-causing substances and radionuclides.

However, very rare salt and nuclear species can remain in the waste solution treated with this main treatment process. In this case, the additional treatment is usually performed using ion exchange resin. The ion exchange resin of nuclear grade is expensive and disposable, And the used ion exchange resin is again generated as secondary waste.

Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a radioactive waste liquid treatment system for solving the above-mentioned problems.

As a related patent, a method and an apparatus for treating a radioactive waste solution using a reverse osmosis membrane and a UV / hydrogen peroxide photooxidation method of Korean Patent Publication No. 2000-0073685 have been proposed.

Korean Patent Publication No. 2000-0073685 (December 2000)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for removing radioactive nuclides from a radioactive waste solution, And to provide a combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system of a desalination apparatus.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system comprising: a reverse osmosis treatment unit for primarily removing salt and radioactive substances contained in a radioactive waste solution; A radioactive waste solution transported from the reverse osmosis membrane unit is passed through a storage desalination unit and the radioactive waste contained in the radioactive waste solution is adsorbed by a storage desalination unit; And an electrically desalter unit provided with a three-way valve which is passed through the electrolytic desalination unit to transfer the radioactive waste liquid transferred from the electrolytic electrolytic saline unit and the radioactive waste contained in the radioactive waste liquid is removed and discharged to a pure water level.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the combined radioactive waste solution treatment system of the present invention for separating desalination apparatus and desalination apparatus has the following effects.

First, the present invention can inexpensively and easily remove the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste solution by using a storage desalination device and an electrodemetation device without the need to replace the ion exchange resin.

Second, the present invention can reduce the amount of solid waste generated by using a depolarizing apparatus and an electrodepositing apparatus that use electricity instead of the ion exchange resin that has been conventionally applied.

1 is a schematic view showing a first embodiment of a combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system of a depolarizing apparatus and a desalination apparatus according to the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a second embodiment of a combined radioactive waste liquid treating system of a depolarizing apparatus and an electrodepositing apparatus according to the present invention,
3 is a schematic view showing a third embodiment of the combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system of the electrothermal desalination apparatus and the electrothermal desalination apparatus according to the present invention,
4 is a schematic view showing a fourth embodiment of the combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system of the electrothermal desalination apparatus and the electrothermal desalination apparatus according to the present invention,
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a fifth embodiment of a combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system of a depolarizing apparatus and a desalination apparatus according to the present invention. FIG.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and various embodiments.

[First Embodiment]

1 is a schematic view showing a first embodiment of a combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system of a depolarization apparatus and an electrodeposition apparatus according to the present invention.

As shown in this figure, the radioactive waste liquid treatment system combined with the electrothermal desalination apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that the radioactive waste solution is passed through a multi-stage reverse osmosis membrane as a main treatment process, A reverse osmosis membrane part (100); A radioactive waste disposal unit 200 in which the radioactive waste liquid treated in the reverse osmosis unit 100 is passed through a storage desalination unit and the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste liquid is adsorbed by a storage desalination unit; (300) provided with a three-way valve (310) through which the radioactive waste liquid transferred from the electrolytic saline storage unit (200) is passed through the electrodeposition unit to discharge the treated water from which the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste liquid ).

That is, the combined radioactive waste solution processing system of the present invention comprises a reverse osmosis membrane element (100), an electrolytic electrolytic saline solution unit (200) and an electrolytic desalination unit (300) System.

Here, in the reverse osmosis membrane unit 100, the radioactive waste solution to which the predetermined pressure is applied by the pump 10 is passed through the semipermeable membrane of the multi-stage, and the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste solution is partially removed.

The radioactive waste solution sent from the reverse osmosis membrane element (100) is passed through the storage desalination device to remove more than 90% of the radioactive waste contained in the radioactive waste solution.

In addition, the radioactive waste liquid transferred from the reverse osmosis membrane element (100) is passed through the electrochemical desalination unit (200).

Here, the storage desalination apparatus is composed of a spacer provided between double electrodes made of a porous carbon electrode, and an electrode potential of about 1 to 2 V is applied to the double electrode, and an adsorption reaction And absorbs and removes the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste liquid.

At this time, the surface of the double electrode is adsorbed with a radioactive nuclide in the form of cation or anion among the radioactive materials contained in the radioactive waste liquid, and the double electrode is composed of the anode and the cathode.

In addition, when the storage desalination apparatus exceeds the adsorption limit of the radioactive material adsorbed on the double electrode, application of the electrode potential to the double electrode is stopped, and the radioactive materials adsorbed on the double electrode are desorbed and regenerated.

At this time, the concentrated water containing the radioactive material desorbed from the double electrode is transferred to the electrically coupled desalination unit 300 internally.

The electric desalination unit 300 includes a three-way valve 310 for dispersing the radioactive waste liquid internally transferred from the electrolytic electrolytic solution unit 200 into three channels, and the radioactive waste discharged from the three- The electrolytic water used in the electrolytic desalination apparatus and the radioactive material adsorbed in the electrolytic desalination unit in the electrolytic electrolytic dissolving apparatus 200 Each contained concentrated water is discharged.

Here, the electrodeposition system may include a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane to which electrode potentials of tens of thousands of volts are applied, and a desalination chamber to which a mixed ion exchange resin is charged between the cation exchange membrane and the anion exchange membrane.

The system for treating radioactive waste solution according to the present invention having the above-described structure comprises a reverse osmosis membrane unit 100 in which a radioactive waste solution is passed through a multi-stage semipermeable membrane to partially remove radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste solution; An electrification device 200 for passing the radioactive waste liquid transferred from the reverse osmosis device 100 to a storage desalination device and for adsorbing the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste liquid by a storage desalination device; And an electrolytic desalination unit 300 through which the radioactive waste liquid internally transferred from the electrolytic saline solution unit 200 is passed through the electrodeposition unit and the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste liquid is completely removed, It is possible to easily remove the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste liquid by using the electrostatic demineralization apparatus and the electrodeposition apparatus without the necessity of replacing the resin.

On the other hand, it is recommended that the radioactive waste solution flowing into the electrodecommitant unit 300 has a water quality of 1 to 10 μs / cm (Electric Conductivity), but the quality of the radioactive waste solution passing through the reverse osmosis membrane unit 100 Various water quality can be shown from 10 to 500 μs / cm.

When the radioactive waste solution is treated, the electrolytic desalination unit (200) of the electrolytic desalination unit (200) is installed between the reverse osmosis unit (100) and the electrical desalination unit It is possible to remove the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste liquid regardless of the quality of the radioactive waste liquid passing through the reverse osmosis unit 100 .

In addition, the storage type desalination apparatus of the electrolytic saline storage unit 200 consumes energy of about 0.05 to 0.2 kWh / m3, so that a very small amount of energy is consumed, which is very economical.

In the electrocatalytic desalination unit 200, at least 90% of the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste liquid passing through the electrothermal desalination unit is electrically adsorbed and removed in the electric desalination unit.

At this time, if the removal rate of the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste liquid passing through the electrolytic desalination unit is not 90%, the radioactive waste solution unit 200 can recycle the radioactive waste liquid to the electrolytic desalination unit.

In addition, the storage electrolytic saline solution unit 200 may be configured such that the radioactive waste solution transferred from the reverse osmosis membrane unit 100 is passed through a plurality of electrical desalination apparatuses so that the radioactive substance contained in the radioactive waste solution can be more removed. .

[Second Embodiment]

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a second embodiment of a combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system of a depolarizing apparatus and a desalination apparatus according to the present invention.

As shown in this figure, the combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system of the present invention is characterized in that the radioactive waste solution is passed through a reverse osmosis membrane, and the radioactive waste contained in the radioactive waste solution is removed, 100); An electrification device 200 for passing the radioactive waste liquid transferred from the reverse osmosis device 100 to a storage desalination device and for adsorbing the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste liquid by a storage desalination device; An electric desalination unit 300 having a three-way valve 310 through which the radioactive waste liquid transferred from the electrolytic saline solution unit 200 is passed to the electrodeposition unit and the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste liquid is removed, .

Here, the radioactive waste liquid transferred from the reverse osmosis membrane unit 100 is removed from the radioactive waste liquid by a predetermined amount of the radioactive waste solution by the valve 20 or the pump 30, The radioactive waste solution is configured to remove the radioactive material through the electrodeposition unit 300.

That is, when the reverse osmosis membrane unit 100 and the electrical desalination unit 300 are connected to each other through the valve 20, the electrolytic filtration unit 200 is provided between the reverse osmosis membrane unit 100 and the valve 20 Can be installed.

[Third Embodiment]

3 is a schematic view showing a third embodiment of the combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system of the electrothermal demineralization apparatus and the electrothermal desalination apparatus according to the present invention.

As shown in this figure, the combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system of the present invention is characterized in that the radioactive waste solution is passed through a reverse osmosis membrane, and the radioactive waste contained in the radioactive waste solution is removed, 100); An electrification device 200 for passing the radioactive waste liquid transferred from the reverse osmosis device 100 to a storage desalination device and for adsorbing the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste liquid by a storage desalination device; An electric desalination unit 300 having a three-way valve 310 through which the radioactive waste liquid transferred from the electrolytic saline solution unit 200 is passed to the electrodeposition unit and the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste liquid is removed, .

Here, the conveying means 410 for conveying the concentrated water generated in the electrodeposition unit 300 to the electrothermal filtering unit 200 is formed.

In other words, the conveying means 410 serves to convey the concentrated water conveyed from the electrodeposition unit 300 to the electrostatic precipitator 200 again.

In addition, the concentrated water transferred to the electrolytic saline storage unit 200 is passed through the condensate desalination unit, and the radioactive material contained in the concentrated water is adsorbed by the accumulative desalination unit.

In the combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the concentrated desalination apparatus includes a concentrated water containing radioactive material adsorbed by a storage desalination apparatus And reprocessing.

[Fourth Embodiment]

4 is a schematic view showing a fourth embodiment of the combined radioactive waste solution treatment system of the electrothermal desalination apparatus and the electrothermal desalination apparatus according to the present invention.

As shown in this figure, in the combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system of the present invention, the radioactive waste solution is passed through the reverse osmotic membrane, and the radioactive waste contained in the radioactive waste solution is removed, A tooth 500; The radioactive waste liquid transferred from the reverse osmosis membrane unit 500 is passed through the electrodeposition unit to remove the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste liquid and the electrolytic desalination A device unit 600; And a condensing electrolytic saline solution unit 700 through which the concentrated water transferred from the electrodemetation unit 600 is passed through the electrolytic desalination unit and the radioactive substance contained in the concentrated water is adsorbed by the electrolytic desalination unit.

That is, the combined radioactive waste solution treatment system of the present invention comprises a reverse osmosis membrane unit 500, an electrodemetation unit 600, and an electrolytic electrolytic solution unit 700, System.

Here, the radioactive waste liquid, to which the constant pressure is applied by the pump 10, is passed through the semi-permeable membrane of the reverse osmosis membrane unit 500, and the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste liquid is partially removed.

Particularly, in the reverse osmosis membrane part 500, when a pressure higher than the osmotic pressure is applied to the high concentration solution in the high concentration solution and the low concentration solution having the semipermeable membrane interposed therebetween, the water of the high concentration solution is moved to the low concentration solution, The partially removed radioactive waste solution is recovered.

Here, the semipermeable membrane may be composed of a cellulose membrane and a TFC (Thin Film Composite) membrane.

The cellulosic membrane, which is an electron, has an ion removal rate of more than 95% and is strong against the chlorine disinfectant component. However, when the bacteria grow on the membrane surface, large holes are formed in the membrane and the ion removal function is lost to the impurities.

The latter TFC membrane has an ion removal rate of about 98% or more and is strong against bacteria, but on the contrary, it is very weak against chlorine components. When a chlorine component is present on the membrane surface, a large hole is formed on the membrane surface, A complete chlorine pretreatment is essential.

The radioactive waste solution may be passed through a pretreatment device including a microfilter or an activated carbon filter before passing through the semipermeable membrane to remove particulates and organic matter contained in the radioactive waste solution.

Meanwhile, it is preferable that the reverse osmosis membrane unit 500 is formed of a number of multi-stage semipermeable membranes capable of removing 90% or more of the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste solution.

The desalination unit 600 includes a three-way valve 610 for dispersing the radioactive waste discharged from the reverse osmosis unit 500 into three flow paths. The radioactive waste solution transferred from the reverse osmosis unit 500 The electrolytic water used in the electrolytic desalination unit and the treated water in which the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste liquid is partially removed are discharged.

Here, the electrodeposition system may include a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane to which an electrode potential of tens of thousands of volts is applied, and a desalination chamber to which a mixed ion exchange resin is charged between the cation exchange membrane and the anion exchange membrane.

In addition, in the electrocatalytic desalination unit 700, the treated water transferred from the electrodemetative unit 600 is passed through a storage type desalination unit, and the radioactive material contained in the treated water is adsorbed to the electrolytic desalination unit.

Particularly, the storage desalination apparatus is composed of a spacer provided between double electrodes made of a porous carbon electrode, and an electrode potential of about 1 to 2 V is applied to the double electrode to use an adsorption reaction occurring on the surface of the double electrode , And adsorbs and removes the radioactive material contained in the treated water.

At this time, radionuclides, cations, and anions among the radioactive materials contained in the radioactive waste solution are adsorbed on the surface of the double electrode, and the double electrode is composed of an anode and a cathode.

In addition, when the storage desalination apparatus exceeds the adsorption limit of the radioactive material adsorbed on the double electrode, application of the electrode potential to the double electrode is stopped, and the radioactive materials adsorbed on the double electrode are desorbed and regenerated.

In the combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the radioactive waste solution is passed through the reverse osmosis membrane to remove the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste solution, (500); The radioactive waste liquid transferred from the reverse osmosis membrane unit 500 is passed through the electrodeposition unit to remove the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste liquid and the electrolytic desalination A device unit 600; The condensate water transferred from the electrodemetation unit 600 is passed through a storage desalination unit and the radioactive substance contained in the concentrated water is adsorbed by the storage desalination unit. There is an action effect not to be discharged.

[Fifth Embodiment]

5 is a schematic view showing a fifth embodiment of the combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system of the electrothermal demineralization apparatus and the electrothermal desalination apparatus according to the present invention.

As shown in this figure, in the combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system of the present invention, the radioactive waste solution is passed through the reverse osmotic membrane, and the radioactive waste contained in the radioactive waste solution is removed, A tooth 500; The radioactive waste liquid transferred from the reverse osmosis membrane unit 500 is passed through the electrodeposition unit to remove the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste liquid and the electrolytic desalination A device unit 600; And a condensing electrolytic saline solution unit 700 through which the concentrated water transferred from the electrodemetation unit 600 is passed through the electrolytic desalination unit and the radioactive substance contained in the concentrated water is adsorbed by the electrolytic desalination unit.

Here, a conveying means 810 for conveying the treated water conveyed from the electrolytic dissolving unit 700 to the electrodeposition unit 600 is formed.

That is, the transfer means 810 transfers the treated water transferred from the electrolytic dissolution apparatus 700 to the desalination apparatus 600.

Particularly, the conveying unit 810 is characterized in that the treated water containing a part of the radioactive material is reprocessed in the electrodeposition unit 600.

The combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system of the present invention having the above-described configuration of the storage desalination device and electrodeposition device has the action and effect that the radioactive material is not discharged.

Hereinafter, an experiment of the combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system of the electrothermal desalination apparatus and the electrothermal desalination apparatus according to the present invention will be described.

<Experimental Example>

Experiments were conducted using an embodiment of the combined radioactive waste liquid treatment system of the electrothermal desalination unit and the electrothermal desalination unit according to the present invention.

In order to investigate the influence of the concentration of the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste solution, aqueous solutions of 20, 50 and 100 μs / cm (Electric Conductivity) NaCl were prepared and used for desalting experiments.

The 20, 50, and 100 μs / cm NaCl aqueous solutions were respectively injected into the reverse osmosis unit of the reverse osmosis tube and pretreated, and then injected into the depolarization apparatus of the electrolytic saline.

An electrode potential of 0.8 to 1.5 V was applied to the electrothermal desalination apparatus of the electrolytic electrolytic saline solution unit for 15 minutes to induce the adsorption reaction of the aqueous solution of 20, 50, and 100 / / ㎝ NaCl, And the desorption reaction was induced for 3 minutes.

As a result of the adsorption reaction induction of the aqueous solution of 20 μs / cm 2 NaCl, it was confirmed that the electric conductivities were reduced to 0.5 μs / ㎝ after passing through the storage desalination device.

The aqueous solution of 20 μs / cm NaCl passed through the above described electrochemical desalination unit was passed through an electrodemetation unit of the electrodemetation unit, and the electrical resistance was measured. As a result, 18.2 MΩ · cm was found to be the most ionic substance including radionuclide .

From the above experimental results, it can be seen that even though the water quality of the effluent passing through the reverse osmosis unit is somewhat fluctuated, the storage desalination unit can satisfy the recommended inlet water quality conditions of the electrical desalination unit. It is clear that the system can be removed.

10: Pump 20: Valve
30: Pump 100: Reverse osmosis pump
200: electrolytic desalting unit 300: electric desalination unit
310: Three-way valve 410: Feeding means
500: reverse osmosis unit 600: electric desalination unit
610: Three-way valve 700:
810:

Claims (5)

A reverse osmosis membrane unit (100) through which a radioactive waste solution is passed through a multi-stage reverse osmosis membrane as a main treatment process to remove radioactive material contained in a radioactive waste solution; A radioactive waste disposal unit 200 in which the radioactive waste liquid treated in the reverse osmosis unit 100 is passed through a storage desalination unit and the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste liquid is adsorbed by a storage desalination unit; An electric desalination unit 300 having a three-way valve 310 through which the radioactive waste liquid transferred from the electrolytic salt removing unit 200 is passed through the electrodeposition unit and the treated water from which the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste liquid is removed is discharged, And the radioactive waste liquid transferred from the reverse osmosis membrane unit 100 is removed by the valve 20 or the pump 30 through the electrifying plate 200 and the remaining A predetermined amount of radioactive waste solution is supplied to the electrodialysis device unit 300 to remove the radioactive material and the conveying device 410 for transferring the concentrated water generated in the electrodialysis device unit 300 to the electrotherapy apparatus 200 ), And the storage and desalination apparatus is composed of a spacer provided between double electrodes made of a porous carbon electrode, and an electrode potential of 1 to 2 V is applied to the double electrode, And the radioactive material contained in the radioactive waste liquid is adsorbed on the surface of the double electrode, and the radioactive material of the positive or negative ionic state contained in the radioactive waste contained in the radioactive waste liquid is adsorbed on the surface of the double electrode, Wherein the radioactive waste solution is separated into a radioactive waste solution and a radioactive waste solution.
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