KR101621167B1 - Torsional actuators of temperature fluctuations, device for harvesting energy comprising the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a rotary actuator comprising twisted fibers fabricated in such a manner as to rotate in opposite directions, said fibers being divided into an upper end portion and a lower end portion with respect to a center, Is characterized in that at least one of the fibers at the upper end and the lower end is independently a chiral Z-shaped or a chiral S-shaped coil having a coil shape. When there is a change in temperature, And is excellent in durability and stability, so that even when used for a long time, the reduction of the rotational force is insignificant. Therefore, it is possible to provide an energy harvesting apparatus which can recover heat energy as electric energy by using it and has excellent lifetime.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a rotary actuator driven by a temperature change and an energy harvesting apparatus using the same,

The present invention relates to a rotatable type actuator and an energy harvesting apparatus using the same, and more particularly, to a rotatable type rotator that rotates repeatedly and continuously according to a temperature change and an energy harvesting apparatus using the same.

Stimulation of the actuator with electrochemical, thermal or light indicates movement in a linear, rotational or shrinking manner. The above-mentioned driver is a driver having a twisted structure of carbon nanotube fibers (Non-Patent Document 1), polymer fibers including single and multiple filaments (Non-Patent Document 2), and graphene oxide fibers (Non-Patent Document 3) And these fibrous muscles have been found to have various effects such as excellent bendability, linear motion and large rotation angle.

On the other hand, a driver having such a structure has a limitation in that electric energy can be converted into thermal energy or rotational energy because a voltage is applied based on a high electric conduction characteristic and expansion or contraction occurs according to the intensity thereof. In addition, there are problems that it is difficult to apply to various industrial fields by using low power generated by shrinkage and expansion, short operation time, and mechanical characteristics remarkably low.

The above limitations are not limited to the described techniques. Since the driver developed until now can not satisfy all the characteristics such as durability, stability, and life, it is developed to develop a driver capable of rotating, moving up and down and converting electricity into waste heat in a highly efficient process It will be a good improvement in the field of nanotechnology.

Non-Patent Document 1. Lima, M. D., et al. Electrically, Chemically, and Photonically Powered Torsional and Tensile Actuation of Hybrid Carbon Nanotube Yarn Muscles. Science 334, 928-932 (2012) Non-patent document 2. Haines, C. S., et al. Artificial Muscles from Fishing Line and Sewing Thread. Science 343, 868-872 (2014). Non-Patent Document 3. Cheng, H., et al. Moisture-Activated Torsional Graphene-Fiber Motor. Adv. Mater. (2014).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, which is capable of expanding and contracting according to a temperature change, And to provide a rotatable actuator.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an energy harvesting apparatus capable of converting heat energy, which is wasted in the air, into electric energy by using the rotary type driver.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide an energy harvesting apparatus capable of converting thermal energy, which is being wasted in the air, into position energy or electric energy by using the rotary actuator.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a twisted monofilament or multifilament fabricated in such a manner as to rotate in the same or opposite directions, wherein the fibers are divided into an upper end portion and a lower end portion with respect to a center , At least one of the upper and lower ends of the fiber is fixed, and the fibers of the upper end and the lower end independently have a twisted structure or a coiled structure in a chiral Z-shaped or chiral S-shaped structure The present invention provides a rotatable actuator.

The fiber is characterized in that it is any one selected from the group consisting of nylon, shape memory polyurethane, polyethylene and rubber.

And when the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the rotatable type actuator are both fixed, they have a rotational force due to contraction or expansion of the rotatable type actuator caused by a temperature change.

When the rotary actuator is fixed to either the upper end or the lower end thereof, the rotary actuator has a rotational force and a length change due to shrinkage or expansion of the rotary actuator caused by a temperature change.

Wherein the rotational type actuator having the twisted structure has a deflection angle of 20 to 60 degrees.

When the upper and lower ends of the rotary actuator are both fixed, the rotary actuator is fixed after being stretched by 1 to 25% with respect to the entire length before being fixed.

In the case where only one of the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the rotatable type actuator is fixed, the change in length with temperature is 5 to 30% with respect to the total length.

And the rotational type actuator has a rotational speed of 100 to 200,000 rpm according to a temperature change.

In addition, the present invention provides a two-ply rotary actuator having a two-ply structure composed of two rotatable actuators and behaving like one strand.

When the rotatable type actuator 2 has a chiral S-shaped structure, the Z-shaped twisted two-ply structure forms an SZ twisted structure.

When the rotatable actuator 2 has a chirality Z-shaped structure, it has a ZS-twisted shape when it is twisted in an S-shape to form a 2-ply structure.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned other object, the present invention provides a rotary actuator according to claim 1, which shrinks or expands due to a temperature change; At least one magnetic body or coil located at a point in the rotatable actuator and rotating as the actuator rotates; And at least one coil or a magnetic body disposed apart from the rotatable type actuator.

The magnetic body rotates as the rotatable type actuator rotates while being shrunk or expanded according to a change in temperature and induces a change in magnetic flux passing through the inside of the coil to generate electrical energy.

Wherein the rotary actuator has either both ends fixed or only one end fixed, and when only one of the ends of the rotary actuator is fixed, Further comprising a support.

The magnetic body is a permanent magnet, and the weight of the magnetic body is 10 to 1000 times the weight of the rotative actuator.

Wherein the position variation support base is a magnetic body.

And a coil surrounding the position variation support, the coil being surrounded by the position variation support,

When the rotary actuator is pulled and contracted according to a temperature change, the position variation support moves horizontally and the magnetic flux passing through the coil changes, thereby generating electric energy.

A plate attached to either the lower end or the upper end of the energy harvesting device; And at least one pin having the same shape as that of the opening and closing port, which is located at one point of the rotary actuator and is spaced apart from the plate, including an opening and closing port for causing opening and closing, do.

The rotation type actuator is rotated according to the temperature and the pin is positioned at a horizontal position spaced apart from the door by the rotation of the rotary type actuator so that the flow of air introduced from the door is blocked.

And the distance between the plate and the pin provided with the opening / closing port is 0.1 to 3 cm.

In order to accomplish the above-mentioned further object, the present invention provides a rotatable actuator, wherein both ends are fixed in the horizontal axis and contract or expand due to a temperature change; Elevating means provided at a central point in the rotative actuator; At least one magnetic body provided below the elevating means and connected to the elevating means and having a positional variation as the rotative actuator rotates; And at least one coil for generating an electric field by the up and down movement of the magnetic body.

And the coil is a cylindrical shape surrounding the side surface of the magnetic body.

The coil is positioned on a side surface or a lower surface of the magnetic body, and generates an electric field by the upward and downward movement of the magnetic body.

The magnetic body has a positional variation in the longitudinal axis direction as the rotatable type actuator rotates while being contracted or expanded in accordance with a change in temperature,

A change in the position of the magnetic body causes a variation in distance between the coil and the magnetic body, and a change in magnetic flux passing through the coil is induced to generate electric energy.

And the longitudinal positional fluctuation distance of the magnetic body is 0.1 to 3 cm.

And the elevating means is a pulley.

The rotatable actuator according to the present invention reacts instantly, sensitively and reversibly to temperature changes by twisting the fibers and improving them into a coiled structure. In addition, the rotatable type actuator is excellent in durability and stability as well as excellent in rotating force, and shows little decrease in rotational force even when used for a long period of time.

Therefore, it is possible to provide an energy harvesting apparatus which can recover heat energy as electric energy by using the rotary type actuator and has excellent lifetime.

1 is a view showing various structures of a rotative actuator according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an energy harvesting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a drawing and a photograph showing the structure of an additional element of the energy harvesting apparatus using the rotative actuator of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a photograph of a sectional view (a), a top view (b), and a side view (c) of an energy harvesting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an energy harvesting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a side view (a) of an energy harvesting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, (b) and a graph (c) showing the measurement of the voltage with time.
7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of an energy harvesting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
8 is an SEM image showing the structure of the rotative actuator according to the present invention in detail.
9 is a graph showing the temperature, the voltage and the number of revolutions according to the time measured from the energy harvesting apparatus manufactured in Production Example 5, in order to measure the rotational speed and the rotational speed (rotational angle) to be.
10A is a graph showing the rotation speeds of the actuators (ZZ-C, ZS-C) manufactured in Production Example 1 and Production Example 4 according to the temperature change, 10C is a graph showing the rotation speeds of the actuators ZZ-C and ZS-C manufactured according to the manufacturing examples 1 and 4 according to the moment of inertia of the magnetic body. FIG. 10D is a graph showing the rotation speed of the actuator ZS-C manufactured in Production Example 4 according to the number of cooling cycles. At this time, the actuator (ZS-C) manufactured in Production Example 4 had a diameter of 27 mu m and an overall length of 95 mm. FIG. 10A is a graph of a rotation angle according to temperature, and FIG. 10B is a graph showing a rotation speed according to temperature.
11 is a graph showing the results of comparing rotational speeds with respect to temperatures of actuators ZS-C, ZS-N, ZZ-C, and ZZ-N having various structures according to the present invention.
Figure 12 shows the position variation supports (1.2 g, 2.1 g, 3.1 g, and 4.1 g) with different weights in order to check the effect of the weight of the position- (Production Example 3) equipped with a stirrer (ZZ-C).
13A is an actual image of the actuator ZS-C manufactured from Production Example 4 which is increased by 20%, and FIG. 13B is an actual image of the actuator ZS-C manufactured from Production Example 4 in which the partially twisted structure is released, And FIG. 13C is a graph showing the change of the rotation angle as the temperature of the actuator ZS-C manufactured from Production Example 4 increased by 15%.
Fig. 14 is a graph showing the results of comparing the rotation speed according to the stretch degree of the actuator ZS-C manufactured in Production Example 4 in order to confirm the influence of the spring index on the actuator of the present invention Graph.
15A is a graph showing the rotation speed of the actuator ZS-C manufactured in Production Example 4 according to the humidity, and FIG. 15B is a graph showing the rotation speed of the actuator ZS-C manufactured in Production Example 4 under the 42.3% And the rotation speed along the entire length is measured.
16A is a graph comparing the rotational energies of the actuators ZZ-C and ZS-C manufactured in Production Example 1 and Production Example 4 according to the temperature, and Fig. 16B is a graph comparing the rotational energies of the actuators ZS- FIG. 16C is a graph showing the relationship between the rotational speed (closed figure) and the rotational energy (open figure) according to the moment of inertia of the actuator ZS-C in Example 4, FIG. 16D is a graph showing the relationship between the rotation energy and the rotation speed according to the diameter of the actuator ZS-C manufactured in Production Example 4. FIG.
17A is a graph comparing the relationship between rotational energy and force measured by heating a driver (ZS-C (Manufacturing Example 4)) and a driver (ZS-N) having only a twisted structure, FIG. 17C is a graph comparing the relationship between the rotational energy and the force measured by heating only one half of the actuator ZS-N having the twisted structure with ZS-C (Manufacturing Example 4) 17D is a graph comparing the relationship between the rotational energy and the force measured by heating only one half of a driver ZZ-N having a twisted structure only with a driver ZZ-C (manufacturing example 1) Example 1) and a driver ZZ-N having only a twisted structure according to time. At this time, FIG. 17 (d) shows a driver (ZZ-C) manufactured from Production Example 1 having a diameter of 27 占 퐉 and a 15% increase and was indicated by a black line on the graph, Using a driver (ZZ-N) having only a twisted structure including a support, the graph was marked with a red line.
FIG. 18 shows an energy harvesting apparatus manufactured from Production Example 6, which includes a drive unit of Production Example 4 having a ZS-C structure of 102 탆, and the three coils and the cylindrical neodymium magnetic body ≪ / RTI >
19 is a graph showing torsional rigidity and torsional modulus of elasticity of a ZS-C rotary actuator having a diameter of 27 탆 according to temperature.
FIG. 20 shows an actual appearance of a two-ply structure rotary actuator having a SZ twist and a ZS twist from the center of the two-ply rotary actuator of the two-ply structure according to the present invention This is a photograph taken and photographed.
21 is a cross-sectional view of an energy harvesting apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, various aspects and various embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail.

One aspect of the present invention includes a twisted monofilament or multifilament fabricated in such a manner as to rotate in the same or opposite directions, wherein the fibers are divided into an upper end portion and a lower end portion with respect to a center, And the fibers of the upper end portion and the lower end portion independently have a twisted structure or a coiled structure in a chiral Z-shaped or chiral S-shaped structure, To a rotatable actuator.

An example of the structure that the rotary actuator can have is described in more detail below with reference to FIG.

The rotary actuator may have two ends fixed, and the upper and lower ends may have a chirped Z-shaped twist ZZ-C (FIG. 1A). The rotary actuator has two ends fixed, Both of the lower ends may have a chirality S-shape (SS-C). Alternatively, the rotatable actuator may have a shape (ZS-C, SZ-C) (FIG. 1D) in which two ends are fixed and the upper and lower ends are twisted in opposite direction chirality.

In addition, the rotary actuator may have only one end fixed, and the upper end and the lower end may have a twisted shape (ZZ-N) (Fig. 1B) in a chirality Z shape, And the upper end and the lower end may have a chirped S-shaped twisted shape (SS-N), or the rotative actuator may have only one end fixed, (ZS-N, SZ-N) (not shown) in the opposite direction chirality.

The rotary actuator may have a single end fixed and a top end and a bottom end in a chirped Z-shape (ZZ-C) (FIG. 1C). Only one end is fixed, (ZS-C, SZ-C), or one end is fixed and the upper and lower ends are twisted in opposite chirality (ZS-C, SZ-C).

In this specification, the twisted shape means a spring or a coil shape. More specifically, the difference between the twisted structure and the twisted structure is determined by the number of turns (turn / m) applied according to the diameter of the fiber For example, twisted at 5,000 to 12,000 turns / m in the case of the fiber diameter of 27 占 퐉 to form a twisted structure and the fibers are rotated at 30,000 to 60,000 rotations / m to form a coiled structure. Table 1 shows the number of revolutions required depending on the structure in the case of fibers having diameters other than those shown in Table 1.

Fiber Diameter (㎛) Staple fiber Fiber with a twisted structure Fiber with a twisted structure 23 Number of revolutions (turn / m) 0 10,000 56,000 Shrinkage Length (%) 0 16.5 80 80 Number of revolutions (turn / m) 0 3,770 20,000 Shrinkage Length (%) 0 14.1 75.1 106 Number of revolutions (turn / m) 0 3,000 15,000 Shrinkage Length (%) 0 14.3 75.3 133 Number of revolutions (turn / m) 0 2,600 13,000 Shrinkage Length (%) 0 14.4 75

A position variation support is provided at one end of the structure of the rotary actuator, which is not fixed. The structure in which the two ends are fixed is for preventing translational displacement and rotation in which the structure is released when the temperature rises. The structure provided with the position variation support member is a translational displacement is allowed, but to prevent rotation of the structure to be released.

That is, if both the upper and lower ends of the rotary actuator are fixed, only one of the upper and lower ends of the rotary actuator is fixed by the shrinkage or expansion of the rotary actuator caused by the temperature change, If one of the position variation support rods is provided, it has a rotational force and a length change due to shrinkage or expansion of the rotatable type driver caused by a temperature change.

If both the upper and lower ends of the rotatable actuator are fixed, the rotatable actuator can be fixed after being stretched 1 to 25% over its entire length before it is fixed, A sufficient distance is formed between the coils of the rotary actuator when both the upper and lower ends are fixed. Therefore, when the temperature rises and the swinging of the rotary actuator is caused, friction between the coils is less likely to occur, and the surface area of the rotary actuator is widened to absorb more heat, And the loss of rotational force due to friction can be prevented.

In the case where only one of the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the rotatable type actuator is fixed, the change in length along with the temperature may be 5 to 30% with respect to the total length.

Therefore, according to each of the above-described structures, the characteristics such as the rotation angle or the rotation speed, which are generated in accordance with the temperature change, of the rotary actuator vary, and it is preferable to select them appropriately from the structure according to the intended use purpose.

The rotative actuator according to the present invention is rotated depending on the temperature change. The rotary actuator reacts more immediately to a temperature change of the external environment around the actuator. The external environment of the actuator that provides the temperature change is not particularly limited, but may be preferably gas or liquid.

Further, when the rotatable type actuator is exposed to an environment where the temperature is increased, the actuator has a coiled structure or a twisted structure, and has a rotational force. When the temperature of the ambient environment of the rotary actuator becomes lower than the elevated temperature, the rotary actuator has a coiled structure or a twisted structure that is unfolded again and has a rotational force opposite to the direction . Again, the heating / cooling cycle is repeated when the ambient temperature of the actuator rises.

In this way, the rotatable actuator can be actively cooled because the thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy instead of passively dissipating the thermal energy by the rotatable actuator to cool the rotatable actuator .

That is, if the rotational actuator receives a temperature change of 1 to 150 ° C, it can provide 100 to 200,000 rpm.

Also, the rotatable type actuator is characterized in that it still provides excellent rotational speed (100 to 200,000 rpm) without irreversibly changing even if the heating / cooling cycle is repeated 300,000 or more.

(~ 300 W / kg), which is about 40 times better than that of a commonly used electric motor (~ 300 W / kg), the rotating type actuator according to the present invention is electrically And the characteristics are also excellent.

The fiber is not limited as long as it is a polymeric material such as nylon, shape memory polyurethane, polyethylene, rubber, etc., but is more preferably any one selected from the group consisting of nylon, shape memory polyurethane, , And most preferably nylon.

However, the ZS-C structure has been applied to fibers using conventional CNTs. However, since fibers having such a structure are irreversibly changed at a high temperature to have a large mechanical load, However, in the present invention, by using any one selected from the group consisting of a polymer material, that is, nylon, shape memory polyurethane, polyethylene, rubber, etc., The ZS-C type actuator can be untwisted and retwisted, and the reversible structure can be maintained for a long time, and the durability and life span of the ZS-C type actuator can be applied to various fields. In other words, the rotary actuator having the above structure using any one of the nylon, the shape memory polyurethane, polyethylene, and rubber as the polymer material is different from the conventional actuator in that the shape is deformed by the high temperature or the low temperature, And provides reversible rotational motion.

The average diameter of the fibers is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 nm or more, and more preferably 10 nm to 300 탆.

In addition, the average diameter of the rotatable type driver in which the fibers are twisted into the chirality Z or S shape varies depending on the average diameter of the fibers, and is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 占 퐉 or more, Preferably 1 to 150 mu m. At this time, since the rotational driving force induced by the temperature change increases according to the size of the diameter of the rotatable type actuator, if it is out of the range, the efficiency of conversion of the thermal energy into rotational energy may be lowered.

The fibers preferentially have a twisted structure due to the number of revolutions / m applied, and then form a twisted structure, which preferably has a deflection angle (twist angle) of 20 to 60 에서 in the twisted structure. This twist is due to the arrangement of the fibers in the twist direction and the rearrangement of the amorphous portions, and the rearranged crystals and amorphous structures affect the performance of the rotary actuator according to the external temperature change.

The weight of the magnetic body included in the rotatable actuator does not affect the rotational force and the kinetic energy of the rotatable actuator. Therefore, the weight of the magnetic body is preferably 1 to 1000 times larger than the weight of the rotatable actuator. And it is preferable to drive it. Specifically, regardless of the weight of the magnetic body, the rotative actuator provides the same rotational force and kinetic energy according to the temperature change.

However, as the weight of the magnetic body provided in the rotative actuator increases, the rotation speed decreases but the relaxed and twisted period becomes longer. Thus, the final rotational force and kinetic energy are the same as those of the rotative actuator Do. Therefore, by using the above-described characteristics of the rotary actuator of the present invention, there is an advantage that the rotation period of the rotary actuator can be controlled according to the heating and cooling cycle by adjusting the weight of the magnetic body.

In addition, since the kinetic energy that can be generated per unit length of the rotary actuator is constant, a larger energy can be obtained by making it longer. Therefore, the total length of the rotary actuator is not particularly limited, but may be preferably 0.5 to 50 cm, and preferably 2 to 30 cm. However, since the rotational speed of the rotary actuator is proportional to the square root of the energy, when the length of the rotary actuator exceeds 15 cm, the energy continuously increases in proportion to the length, but the increase in the speed is not large. However, since the rotatable type driver can be used in various fields such as apparatuses and clothes, it is most preferable to appropriately select the length according to the required place or purpose.

In addition, the present invention provides a rotatable actuator characterized by a two-ply structure using the two rotatable actuators. And has a two-ply structure composed of two rotatable actuators, and behaves like one strand. Such a two-ply rotary type actuator can have various structures according to the twisted direction.

That is, when twisting the two rotatable actuators in a two-ply structure, the twin strands are twisted in a direction opposite to the twisting or twisting direction of each of the rotatable actuators to form a two-ply structure.

More specifically, when the rotatable actuator 2 has a chiral S-shaped structure, it may have an SZ twisted shape when it is twisted in a Z-shape to form a 2-ply structure. When the rotatable actuator 2 has a chirality Z- In the case of forming a 2-ply structure by twisting in S-shape, it may have a ZS twisted shape. If the two-ply structure is formed by twisting the rotatable type actuator 2 in a direction opposite to the twist or twist direction of each rotatable type actuator, the lifetime characteristics in which the structure is not loosened and is maintained for a long time is improved.

FIG. 20 is a view showing a two-ply structure of a rotatable type actuator of a two-ply structure according to the present invention, with a SZ twisted structure and a ZS twisted structure starting from a rotatable actuator center It is the photograph which photographs the actual state. 20 is an example of a two-ply structure rotary actuator, and the structure of the two-ply structure rotary actuator is not limited thereto.

<Energy harvesting device>

Another aspect of the present invention relates to an energy harvesting apparatus capable of converting heat energy into electrical energy using a rotatable type drive machine that contracts or expands due to the temperature change.

FIG. 2A is a sectional view showing the configuration of an energy harvesting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is an actual view of the energy harvesting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 2A and 2B, the energy harvesting apparatus according to the first embodiment will be described in detail. The energy harvesting apparatus according to the first embodiment includes: the rotatable type driver 110; At least one magnetic body 120 located inside the rotatable type actuator 110 and rotating as the actuator 110 rotates; And at least one coil 130 disposed to be spaced apart from the rotatable type driver 110 and adapted to generate electric energy (magnetic force, current) by changing the magnetic flux passing through the inside of the magnetic body 120 while rotating.

The energy harvesting apparatus according to the present invention uses a faraday electromagnetic induction operation in which a current is induced by the relative movement between the magnetic body 120 and the coil 130, The actuator 110 having the above-described structure includes a magnetic body 120 therein. The magnetic body 120 included in the actuator 110 is separated from the magnetic body 120 included in the actuator 110, The energy harvesting apparatus including the coil 130 disposed therein rotates while expanding and contracting the actuator 110 as the temperature is changed so that the polarity of the stopped coil 130 and the polarity of the rotating magnetic body 120 Electricity is generated while crossing each other. At this time, the upper end 140 and the lower end 150 of the driver 110 may be fixed, or only one of the upper end 140 and the lower end 150 may be fixed. At this time, the other non-fixed end may further include a position variation support 151.

The position variation support 151 is generally provided at the lower end of the actuator 110 to allow translational displacement of the actuator 110 and to prevent the actuator 110 from rotating to provide a more stable rotational motion to the actuator . That is, the position variation support 151 applies a stress to the actuator 110 in the longitudinal direction to induce a change in length and tension, thereby making the structure easy to deform in accordance with an external temperature change. In addition, the rotation of the actuator 150, which occurs when the temperature changes, prevents the position variation support 151 from loosening and induces generation of a large rotational force of the magnetic body.

The coil 130 is fixed by connecting a galvanometer system to both ends of the coil 130. When the magnetic body 120 is moved and the magnetic body 120 moves, the magnetic flux flowing through the coil 130 And the coil 130 is driven by an electromagnetic induction operation in which a current is induced in the coil 130 due to a change in the magnetic flux amount And the polarities of the electrodes cross each other to generate electricity.

More specifically, the coil 130 may be spaced a predetermined distance from one side of the actuator 110, as shown in FIG.

The magnetic body 120 is not limited to a permanent magnet, but a neodymium magnetic body is used in the present embodiment. The shape of the magnetic body 120 is not particularly limited, but may be a rod-like shape or a cylindrical shape with the NS poles on the right and left.

Since the weight of the magnetic body 120 is an important factor in controlling the cycle of the cycle of uncoiling and re-winding according to the temperature change of the rotative actuator 110 in the energy harvesting apparatus, Is preferably 10 to 1000 times larger than that of the rotatable type driver (110). When the magnetic body 120 is out of the weight range, the cyclic period, the rotational speed, and the rotational speed of the rotatable type driver 110 are reduced, and the energy conversion efficiency with respect to the external temperature change is relatively reduced.

The length of the rotative actuator is preferably 1 to 20 cm.

The spacing distance between the magnetic body 120 and the coil 130 is preferably 1 mm. If the spacing distance is less than 1 mm, the rotational force of the magnetic body may be lowered by the coil. Electric energy can be induced within the range of the magnetic field of the magnetic body. However, if the magnetic flux density exceeds 1 mm, the loss of the magnetic flux in the coil 130 is induced by the magnetic body 120, Occurs.

It is extremely easy to attach to the energy harvesting apparatus of the present invention by a component which is opened or closed according to temperature so that it can be adhered to a place where a narrow and high temperature heat such as a pipe is uniformly generated or where a warm wind is generated.

The energy harvesting apparatus includes a plate 170 having an opening / closing port; And a pin (160) connected to the actuator for generating opening and closing of the opening / closing port. This structure is shown in more detail in FIG.

The plate 170 with the closure is located at the end of the lower end 150 of the rotary actuator 110 and the pin 160 is fixed at a predetermined position of the lower end of the rotary actuator 150.

In FIG. 3A, when the heat is applied to the rotary actuator 110 through the opening and closing holes of the plate 170, the rotary actuator 110 rotates in the direction of unwinding. At this time, when the pin 160 fixed at an arbitrary position of the lower end portion 150 of the rotatable type driver 110 rotates to block the heat that has risen through the opening / closing port, the rotatable type driver 110 rotates around And is rotated in a twisted direction as the temperature decreases. The number of revolutions of the rotatable type driver 110 increases as the number of rotations increases toward the center with respect to both ends 140 and 150. The number of revolutions generated can be adjusted according to the position of the pin 160 and the weight of the pin 160 is not limited to a light weight that does not affect the rotational motion and torque of the rotatable type driver 110 .

Hereinafter, the energy harvesting apparatus according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 4 is a photograph of a sectional view (a) of the energy harvesting apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, a view from above (b), and a view from the side (c).

The energy harvesting apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention is generally similar to the energy harvesting apparatus according to the first embodiment. However, as shown in FIG. 3, (220). Particularly, the magnetic body 220 is disposed to surround the magnetic body 220 while being spaced apart from the magnetic body 220 provided in the actuator 210 by a predetermined distance.

Hereinafter, the energy harvesting apparatus according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to Fig.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an energy harvesting apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a side view (a) of the energy harvesting apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention, (b) and a graph (c) showing the measurement of the voltage with time.

The energy harvesting apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention is generally similar to the energy harvesting apparatus according to the first and second embodiments. However, as shown in FIG. 4, the energy harvesting apparatus The lower end portion 340 and the upper end portion 350 of the actuator 310 are fixed and the end of the actuator 310 is fixed to the position change support base 351. In the example, there is a difference in that it is provided as a magnetic body.

Further, it further includes a coil 352 spaced around and surrounding the position variation support 351, which is the magnetic body.

When the energy harvesting apparatus is exposed to a temperature change due to a gas or a liquid, shrinkage or expansion of the rotatable type driver 310 included in the energy harvesting apparatus is caused to occur in a vertical (change in length) Exercise. At this time, the position variation support 351 provided at one end of the rotatable type driver 310 has a vertical position energy change in accordance with the change of the length of the rotatable type driver 310, (Magnetic field) flowing through the coil 352 is changed, and the position of the coil 352 is changed by the change of the magnetic flux amount (magnetic field) Since the coil 352 generates electricity by the polarity of the polarity and the polarity of the magnetic body 351, the electricity is generated by the electromagnetic induction action in which the current is induced in the position variation support 351, The change of the position energy can be converted into electric energy.

The center of gravity 351 The form of the magnetic body is not particularly limited, but a cylindrical magnetic body having an N pole S pole downward is most preferable.

Hereinafter, the energy harvesting apparatus according to the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to Fig.

The energy harvesting apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is generally similar to the energy harvesting apparatus according to the first to third embodiments. However, as shown in FIG. 6, Expanding, the rotatable actuator 410; At least one coil 420 positioned inside the rotatable actuator 410 and rotating as the actuator 410 rotates; And at least one magnetic body 430 spaced apart from the rotative actuator 410 and generating a magnetic field by changing the magnetic flux passing through the coil 420 while rotating the coil 420 .

The magnet 430 may be a rod-shaped magnet having N and S poles, or a magnet having an N pole and an S pole may be disposed on the left and right sides of the rotatable actuator 410 And may be disposed apart from the coil 420.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an energy harvester according to the fifth embodiment for converting thermal energy into position energy using a rotatable type driver that is fixed in a horizontal axis and contracts or expands due to a temperature change, The energy harvesting apparatus according to the fifth embodiment will now be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 21 is a sectional view showing a configuration of an energy harvesting apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 21, the energy harvesting apparatus according to the fifth embodiment will be described in detail. The energy harvesting apparatus includes: a rotatable type driver 510 having both ends fixed on a horizontal axis and contracting or expanding due to a temperature change; Lifting means (520) provided at a central point in the rotatable type driver (510); At least one magnetic body 530 provided below the elevating means 520 and connected to the elevating means 520 and having a positional variation as the rotative actuator 510 rotates; And at least one coil 540 for generating an electric field by the upward and downward movement of the magnetic body 530.

The energy harvesting apparatus according to the fifth embodiment converts the rotational energy of the rotatable type driver 510 generated according to the temperature change to the potential energy using the elevating means 520 and supplies the rotational energy to the magnetic body 530 A faraday electromagnetic induction operation in which a current is induced by the relative movement between the coils 540 can be used to generate electric energy.

However, even if a means such as the coil 540 for converting the potential energy of the magnetic body 530 into electric energy is not included, the rotational energy in the rotational driving device 510 driven by the heat may be used as useful energy Day. However, in an embodiment of the present invention, the rotative actuator 510 is fixed on the horizontal axis, and further includes the magnetic body 530 and the coil 540 to generate energy. .

In other words, in the energy harvesting apparatus according to the fifth embodiment, as the temperature changes, the rotatable type driver 510 rotates while expanding and contracting. Thus, the center of the rotatable type driver 510 The magnetic body 530 connected to the elevation means 520 moves up and down (in the vertical axis direction) as the elevation means 520 connected to the elevation means 520 rotates. This means that the thermal energy is converted to mechanical (rotational, position) energy by the rotary actuator according to the present invention.

The relative movement of the magnetic body 530 and the coil 540 induces a change in the magnetic flux passing through the coil 540 by the up and down movement of the magnetic body 530 to generate electric energy.

The coil 540 may be provided on the upper surface, the lower surface, or the side surface of the magnetic body 530, as long as the coil 540 is at a position capable of generating an electric field by the upward and downward movement of the magnetic body 530, May be a cylindrical structure that surrounds the side surface of the base 530.

A relative movement between the magnetic body 530 and the cylindrical coil 540 fixed to the magnetic body 530 occurs at the same time as the magnetic body 530 is moved to pass through the coil 540 Thereby inducing electric energy.

The elevating means 520 is not particularly limited, but may be a pulley.

The vertical moving distance of the magnetic body 530, that is, the longitudinal moving distance in the axial direction is preferably 0.1 to 3 cm.

The magnetic body 530 is not particularly limited as long as it is a permanent magnet, but more preferably it may be a rod-like rod having N and S poles, or may be cylindrical.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and the like, but the scope and content of the present invention can not be construed to be limited or limited by the following Examples. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the following claims. It is natural that it belongs to the claims.

Manufacturing example  1 to 4. Rotation type Driver

One end of the nylon 6,6 fiber precursor was attached to the motor and the other end was attached with a constant force and a rod was connected and fixed to prevent loosening. The force applied during twisting affects the torsional angle of the rotatable actuator and the spring index. The applied force is between 10 MPa and 40 MPa. The above embodiment is made by applying a force of 26 MPa, and the twist angle of the actuator is 45 ㅀ and the spring index is 1.14. The fabricated actuator was fabricated by vacuum annealing at 210 ℃ for 2 hours. When the upper part and the lower part are different from each other, the middle part is fixed and the upper part is twisted in Z shape and the lower part is twisted in S shape (or vice versa).

However, four types of rotatable actuators were manufactured by varying the twisted and twisted structure of the nylon 6,6 fibers.

Both ZZ-N and ZZ-C structures are made of twisted ZZ-N and coil structures until the coil is formed when both the upper and lower ends are twisted into chirality Z-shape. And a ZS-C structure in which the ZS-N and the coil structure are twisted until the coil is formed in the ZS structure having the chiral Z-shape and the S-shape having the substantial part and the lower end.

Representative different types of rotatable actuators are shown in greater detail in Figure 1 below.

More specifically, Example 1, in which the two ends were fixed and twisted, and the upper and the lower portions were both twisted in the chirality Z-shape, were only fixed at one end, and the chirality Z (ZZ-N) having only a twisted structure which is not subjected to a step of twisting into a chiral type or a chiral S shape, and only one end is fixed, and after being twisted, both the upper and lower ends are twisted into a chiral Z- Example 3 which is a driver ZZ-C and Example 4 which is a driver (ZS-C) having two ends fixed and twisted, twisted to a chiral Z shape at the upper end and twisted to a chiral S shape at the lower end .

The turns applied when forming the twisted structure were calculated by dividing the final muscle length and denoted by turns / m, which is calculated from Equation 2 below. The bias angle was recorded from the surface of the twisted nylon 6,6 fibers.

&Quot; (2) &quot;

In this formula,

r represents the radial distance from the center of the fiber, and T represents how much it rotates compared to the initial fiber length.

Manufacturing example  5. Energy Harvesting  Device

An energy harvesting device capable of converting thermal energy into electric energy has been devised by using the rotary actuator of the present invention. Its structure is shown in more detail in Figures 2a to 2c.

Two ends of a rotatable actuator manufactured in Production Example 1 are fixed, and a magnetic body is positioned at the center of the rotatable actuator. And the coil spaced apart from the driver was disposed at a distance of 1 mm from the magnetic body provided in the driver to fabricate an energy harvesting apparatus. At this time, the coil was connected to an oscilloscope, and the coil used for a general watch was used.

As the temperature of the adjacent air is increased or cooled, the actuator manufactured according to Production Example 1 is rotated in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction due to repetitive actions of unwinding and rewinding the twisted structure of the actuator, And the induced voltage was measured with an oscilloscope connected to the coil by varying the magnetic flux flowing through the coil through the rotating magnetic body. In the measured graph, the peak number of the voltage signal with respect to time indicates the number of revolutions (rotation angle) of the driver, and the rotation speed (rpm) can be obtained through calculation using the frequency (Hz).

Manufacturing example  6. Energy Harvesting  Device.

Unlike Production Example 5 in which the coil was provided on one surface, an energy harvesting apparatus was manufactured in the same manner as in Production Example 5, except that a coil was installed so as to surround the magnetic body at a distance of 1 mm from the magnetic body provided at the center of the drive unit. . Its structure is shown in more detail in FIG.

In order to confirm the difference between the twisted structure and the coiled structure in the rotary actuator according to the present invention, it was photographed by SEM, which is shown in FIG.

8A is a structure of a twist type rotator manufactured by twisting fibers at 10,000 turns / m, wherein the rotatable type driver is nylon 6,6, manufactured with a tensile force of 26 MPa, The diameter before the coil is 29 [mu] m and the twist angle is 45 [deg.].

FIG. 8b shows a chiral Z-shaped or chiral S-shaped coil structure. The fibers were twisted at 56,000 turns / m, with an outer diameter of 62 占 퐉 and a spring index of 1.14.

9 is a graph showing the temperature, the voltage and the number of revolutions according to the time measured from the energy harvesting apparatus manufactured in Production Example 5, in order to measure the rotational speed and the rotational speed (rotational angle) to be. A thermocouple was installed in the energy harvesting apparatus using the actuator (ZZ-C) manufactured in Production Example 1 and measuring the temperature change of the air near the rotative actuator.

Referring to FIG. 9, it can be seen that the voltage and the number of revolutions increase when the ambient temperature change of the driver is large.

10A is a graph showing the rotation speeds of the actuators (ZZ-C, ZS-C) manufactured in Production Example 1 and Production Example 4 according to the temperature change, 10C is a graph showing the rotation speeds of the actuators ZZ-C and ZS-C manufactured according to the manufacturing examples 1 and 4 according to the moment of inertia of the magnetic body. FIG. 10D is a graph showing the rotation speed of the actuator ZS-C manufactured in Production Example 4 according to the number of cooling cycles. At this time, the actuator (ZS-C) manufactured in Production Example 4 had a diameter of 27 mu m and an overall length of 95 mm. FIG. 10A is a graph of a rotation angle according to temperature, and FIG. 10B is a graph showing a rotation speed according to temperature.

Referring to FIG. 10, the actuator ZS-C manufactured in Production Example 4 has a structure in which the lower end portion and the upper end portion are opposite to each other and is not disturbed when the actuator is twisted and twisted, so that the actuator can be driven when the actuator is entirely heated. The driver ZS-C has a rotation speed, a rotation number and energy twice that of the ZZ-C which is driven by a half-heating operation (Fig. 10A).

Considering whether the heated part is whole or in part, the ZZ-C and ZS-C actuators are judged to have a similar rotational speed to the weight or length of the heated actuator.

The actuators ZZ-C and ZS-C having both ends fixed are subjected to structural deformation due to thermal expansion, and the stretched coil structure contracts due to heat. (Fig. 10B) of 10 to 15% depending on the degree of stretching and the degree of stretching by using a position change support or by stretching the both ends of the ZS- C driver confirmed that the maximum rotation speed was 70,200 rpm. The non-stretched actuator is narrower than the actuator with a 15% increase in surface area for absorbing heat and exhibits a lower rotation speed than the actuator with 15% increase due to the thermal expansion between the coil and the coil. The results in Fig. 12 show that the unstretched actuator expands without shrinking with respect to heat, and supports that by showing that the rotation speed is small.

The rotation speed and the rotation torque due to the moment of inertia according to the weight of the magnetic body located at the center of the actuator ZS-C manufactured in Production Example 4 were measured (FIG. 10C). The rotation torque was constant according to the weight of the magnetic body, The speed was found to decrease gradually. That is, it can be seen that the rotational speed of the actuator can be controlled by controlling the weight of the magnetic body of the actuator.

The mass of the actuator (ZS-C) prepared in Production Example 4 was 238 쨉 g, and the rotation torque thereof was calculated as 187 nN 揃 m and 0.77 mP m / kg by the following equation (3).

&Quot; (3) &quot;

τ = I · a

In this formula,

a is the initial acceleration of the magnetic body, I is the moment of inertia of the magnetic body, which is calculated by the following equation (4).

&Quot; (4) &quot;

I = 1 / 4MR ² + 1 / 12ML ²

In this formula,

M is the mass of the magnetic body, R is the radius of the magnetic body, and L is the length of the magnetic body.

At this time, the rotation angle maintains the rotation angle irrespective of the weight of the magnetic body, which indicates that the weight of the magnetic body does not affect the conversion of the thermal energy to the rotational force through the rotary actuator, The cycle time, that is, the spacing, at which the structure is unwound and refolded by heating and cooling, can be controlled.

If the number of heating and cooling cycles is similar to the rotational actuation cycle through the results of FIG. 10D, it is confirmed that the rotational speed and rotational angle of the actuator of the present invention hardly decreases.

10C and 10D, for the continuous stability of the actuator ZS-C manufactured in Production Example 4, if a magnetic substance having a weight 24 times larger than that of the actuator is provided, stable and continuous rotation It is confirmed that it can be made to have a speed.

11 is a graph showing the results of comparing rotational speeds with respect to temperatures of actuators ZS-C, ZS-N, ZZ-C, and ZZ-N having various structures according to the present invention. At this time, a driver (ZS-C) manufactured from Production Example 4, a driver (ZS-N) having only a structure having two terminals fixed and chirped into a chiral Z or chiral S, ZZ-C) and the actuator (ZZ-N) manufactured in Production Example 2 were used. Also, the actuators were manufactured by varying the stretched (%) and the weight (with load (g)) of the position variation support 151 of the actuator.

Referring to FIG. 11, when the temperature is increased by 15% as a whole, the actuator having a twisted structure has an excellent rotation speed. In particular, when the twisted structure is merely a twisted structure, Able to know.

Further, the actuator (ZS-C) manufactured in Production Example 4 has an excellent rotation speed and rotation speed as compared with actuators having other structures. As described above, the actuator (ZS-C) manufactured from Production Example 1, (ZS-C), the rotation speed and rotation speed are two times better.

12 is a schematic view of a driver ZZ-C (Fig. 12) equipped with position-varying supports (1.2 g, 2.1 g, 3.1 g, 4.1 g) with different weights in order to check the effect of the weight of the position- , Production Example 3) in which the number of revolutions and tensile actuation were measured with time. At this time, the position variation support bar is shown in a bottom portion in the form of an arrow in Fig. 12A, and each of the actuators heated only half.

Referring to FIG. 12, it was confirmed that when the weight of the position change support is 1.2 g, the rotation speed is significantly lower than that of the other position change support.

13A is an actual image of the actuator ZS-C manufactured from Production Example 4 which is increased by 20%, and FIG. 13B is an actual image of the actuator ZS-C manufactured from Production Example 4 in which the partially twisted structure is released, And FIG. 13C is a graph showing the change of the rotation angle as the temperature of the actuator ZS-C manufactured from Production Example 4 increased by 15%.

Referring to FIG. 13, it is confirmed that the best stretching speed is 10-15%, and that when the temperature is increased to 90 ° C or more on the basis of the 15% extended actuator, It can be seen that it irreversibly changes as shown in FIG. 10B.

Fig. 14 is a graph showing the results of comparing the rotation speed according to the stretch degree of the actuator ZS-C manufactured in Production Example 4 in order to confirm the influence of the spring index on the actuator of the present invention In the graph, it can be seen that the actuator with a spring index of 1.14 (ZS-C) has a higher rotation speed than the actuator with a spring index of 1.4 (ZS-C).

15A is a graph showing the rotation speed of the actuator ZS-C manufactured in Production Example 4 according to the humidity. According to this graph, the rotational speed of the actuator is 80,640 rpm at a high humidity (92.8% 42.3), which is higher than that of the control group.

15B is a graph showing the rotation speed according to the entire length of the actuator ZS-C manufactured in Production Example 4 under a 42.3% humidity condition. According to this graph, the actuator ZS- Is proportional to the length. The actuator (ZZ-C) manufactured from Production Example 4 Also, the rotational speed was found to be proportional to the length and observed from 15 cm to a maximum of 140,000 rpm.

16A is a graph comparing the rotational energies of the actuators ZZ-C and ZS-C manufactured in Production Example 1 and Production Example 4 according to the temperature, and Fig. 16B is a graph comparing the rotational energies of the actuators ZS- FIG. 16C is a graph showing the relationship between the rotational speed (closed figure) and the rotational energy (open figure) according to the moment of inertia of the actuator ZS-C in Example 4, FIG. 16D is a graph showing the relationship between the rotation energy and the rotation speed according to the diameter of the actuator ZS-C manufactured in Production Example 4. FIG. At this time, the weight of the actuator was set to 238 쨉 g.

16, it can be seen that the actuator (ZZ-C) manufactured from Production Example 1 heated to only half produces 11,900 W / kg, which is 40 times higher than conventional electric motors, and CNT fibers (71.9 W / Kg), which is 198 times better.

It was observed that the rotational force was increased in proportion to the moment of inertia of the actuator (ZS-C) manufactured in Production Example 4 according to the diameter when the temperature change amount was 64 ° C by the air heated for 0.1 second, The rotational speed was increased.

17A is a graph comparing the relationship between rotational energy and force measured by heating a driver (ZS-C (Manufacturing Example 4)) and a driver (ZS-N) having only a twisted structure, FIG. 17C is a graph comparing the relationship between the rotational energy and the force measured by heating only one half of the actuator ZS-N having the twisted structure with ZS-C (Manufacturing Example 4) 17D is a graph comparing the relationship between the rotational energy and the force measured by heating only one half of a driver ZZ-N having a twisted structure only with a driver ZZ-C (manufacturing example 1) Example 1) and a driver ZZ-N having only a twisted structure according to time. At this time, FIG. 17 (d) shows a driver (ZZ-C) manufactured from Production Example 1 having a diameter of 27 占 퐉 and a 15% increase and was indicated by a black line on the graph, Using a driver (ZZ-N) of the type having only a twisted structure including a support, this line is marked with a red line.

Referring to this, it can be seen that a driver having a coil structure having two fixed ends has higher rotational energy than other types of structures. However, it has been confirmed that the actuator having only twisted structure without twisted structure with two ends fixed is lower in rotational energy than other types of structures, but higher in weight.

FIG. 18 shows an energy harvesting apparatus manufactured from Production Example 6, which includes a drive unit of Production Example 4 having a ZS-C structure of 102 탆, and the three coils and the cylindrical neodymium magnetic body &Lt; / RTI &gt;

The actuator (ZZ-N) manufactured from Production Example 1 has higher mechanical strength and energy density than ZS-C, but has a rotation speed and a smaller number of revolutions than ZS-C. The apparatus also applied the diameter of the appropriate actuator and the weight of the magnetic body, derived from the above experiments, in order to have a high energy conversion rate.

FIG. 18B is a graph showing a voltage change over time corresponding to three coils of the apparatus of FIG. 18A. According to the graph, the rotation speed of the ZS-C driver in the apparatus is 3120 rpm and the maximum is 0.16 V _ocv .

In order to calculate the energy conversion efficiency from the apparatus, the following equation (5) was used.

&Quot; (5) &quot;

In this formula,

V is the generated voltage, t ₁ is the initial time, and t ₂ is the time at which the magnetic body has stopped.

I is the moment of inertia, and ω is the rotational angular velocity at each twist and untwist.

The ZS-C muscle used in the device produced 0.056 kJ / kg and produced 62 μJ / cm ³ at a temperature change of 65 ° C. It was confirmed that three LEDs could be operated with the electric energy obtained from the rotational energy of the device (Fig. 18d). This shows that the device using the rotative driver has better performance than using graphene fiber .

18D shows that when the actuator ZS-C manufactured in Production Example 4 is heated for a long time of 0.3 seconds, the twisted structure is largely loosened, but is twisted again with greater rotational force, This is because the modulus of elasticity is lowered due to heat.

19 is a graph showing the torsional rigidity and the torsional modulus of elasticity of the ZS-C rotary actuator according to the temperature. It can be observed that the temperature returns to the initial state more quickly when the temperature is lower than when the ambient temperature of the rotary actuator is increased. According to Fig. 19, when the temperature of the actuator is increased, the torsional elastic modulus decreases. When the ambient temperature is lowered and the actuator is twisted again, the torsional elastic modulus is lowered due to the latent heat remaining in the actuator, .

Claims (23)

Twisted &lt; / RTI &gt; structures of single fibers or multifilaments manufactured in such a way that they rotate in the same or opposite directions,
The fibers are divided into an upper portion and a lower portion with respect to the center,
At least one of the upper end and the lower end of the fiber is fixed,
The fibers in the upper and lower ends may each independently have a twisted structure or a coil in a chiral Z-shaped or chiral S-shaped structure,
Wherein the fiber of the upper end portion is one of a chiral Z-shaped or chiral S-shaped structure, and the fiber of the lower end portion is another one of them. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the fiber is any one selected from the group consisting of nylon, shape memory polyurethane, polyethylene and rubber. The method according to claim 1,
When the upper end and the lower end of the rotatable type actuator are both fixed, the rotatable type actuator has a rotational force due to contraction or expansion of the rotatable type actuator caused by a temperature change.
Wherein when either one of the upper end and the lower end of the rotary actuator is fixed, the rotary actuator has a rotational force and a length change due to shrinkage or expansion of the rotary actuator caused by a temperature change. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the rotational type actuator having the twisted structure has a deflection angle of 20 to 60 degrees. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein when the upper end and the lower end of the rotatable type actuator are both fixed, the rotatable type actuator is stretched by 1 to 25% with respect to the entire length before being fixed, and then fixed. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein when the rotary actuator is fixed at either the upper end or the lower end thereof, the change in length with temperature is 5 to 30% of the total length. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the rotary actuator has a rotation speed of 100 to 200,000 rpm according to a temperature change. A two-ply structure composed of two rotatable actuators, and behaves like one strand,
Wherein the rotating type actuator comprises a single fiber or multifilament of twisted structure made by rotating in the same or opposite direction to each other, the fiber being divided into an upper end portion and a lower end portion with respect to a center, Wherein at least one of the upper end portion and the lower end portion is fixed and the fibers of the upper end portion and the lower end portion independently have a twisted structure or a coil shape in a chiral Z-shaped or chiral S-shaped structure Rotary actuator of 2-ply structure. 9. The method of claim 8,
When the rotatable type actuator 2 has a chiral S-shaped structure, the Z-shaped twisted two-ply structure forms an SZ twisted structure,
Wherein when the rotatable actuator 2 has a chirped Z-shaped structure, the Z-shaped twisted structure is formed when the two-stranded actuator is twisted into an S-shaped structure to form a 2-ply structure. A rotatable actuator that contracts or expands due to temperature changes;
At least one magnetic body or coil located at a point in the rotatable actuator and rotating as the actuator rotates; And
And at least one coil or a magnetic body disposed apart from the rotatable type driver,
Wherein the rotating type actuator comprises a single fiber or multifilament of twisted structure made by rotating in the same or opposite direction to each other, the fiber being divided into an upper end portion and a lower end portion with respect to a center, Wherein at least one of the upper end portion and the lower end portion is fixed and the fibers of the upper end portion and the lower end portion independently have a twisted structure or a coiled structure in a chiral Z-shaped or chiral S-shaped structure Energy harvesting device. 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the magnetic body rotates as the rotatable type actuator rotates while being shrunk or expanded as the temperature changes, and induces a change in magnetic flux passing through the inside of the coil to generate electric energy. 11. The method of claim 10,
The rotary actuator may have both ends fixed or only one end fixed,
Further comprising a position variation support at one of the non-fixed ends of the rotary actuator when the rotary actuator has only one end fixed. 11. The method of claim 10,
The magnetic body is a permanent magnet,
Wherein the weight of the magnetic body is 10 to 1000 times the weight of the rotative actuator. 13. The method of claim 12,
Wherein the position variation support base is a magnetic body,
And a coil surrounding the position variation support, the coil being surrounded by the position variation support,
Wherein when the rotatable type actuator is stretched and contracted according to a temperature change, the position variation support moves horizontally to change the magnetic flux passing through the inside of the coil to generate electric energy. 11. The method of claim 10,
A plate attached to either the lower end or the upper end of the energy harvesting device;
Wherein said plate includes an opening and closing port for causing opening and closing,
And at least one pin located at one point of the rotative actuator and spaced apart from the plate and having the same shape as the opening and closing port. 16. The method of claim 15,
The rotating type actuator is rotated in accordance with the temperature change,
Wherein the pin is positioned at a horizontal position spaced apart from the opening / closing port by rotation of the rotatable type driver, thereby blocking the flow of air flowing from the opening / closing port. 16. The method of claim 15,
Wherein the spacing between each plate having the opening and closing part and the fin is 0.1 to 3 cm. A rotatable actuator having both ends fixed on the horizontal axis and contracting or expanding due to a temperature change;
Elevating means provided at a central point in the rotative actuator;
At least one magnetic body provided below the elevating means and connected to the elevating means and having a positional variation as the rotative actuator rotates; And
And at least one coil for generating an electric field by the upward and downward movement of the magnetic body,
Wherein the rotating type actuator comprises a single fiber or multifilament of twisted structure made by rotating in the same or opposite direction to each other, the fiber being divided into an upper end portion and a lower end portion with respect to a center, Wherein at least one of the upper end portion and the lower end portion is fixed and the fibers of the upper end portion and the lower end portion independently have a twisted structure or a coil shape in a chiral Z-shaped or chiral S-shaped structure Energy harvesting device. 19. The method of claim 18,
Wherein the coil is a cylindrical shape surrounding a side surface of the magnetic body. 19. The method of claim 18,
Wherein the coil is located on a side surface or a lower surface of the magnetic body to generate an electric field by the upward and downward movement of the magnetic body. 19. The method of claim 18,
The magnetic body moves up and down as the rotatable type actuator rotates while contracting or expanding in accordance with a change in temperature,
Wherein a change in the position of the magnetic body causes a variation in distance between the coil and the magnetic body to induce a change in magnetic flux passing through the coil to generate electric energy. 19. The method of claim 18,
Wherein the magnetic material has a vertical movement distance of 0.1 to 3 cm. 19. The method of claim 18,
Wherein the elevating means is a pulley.

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