KR101721697B1 - Flow channel design of capacitive deionization unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a storage desalination apparatus, and more particularly, to a storage desalination apparatus having a discharge port formed at the center of a hexagonal flow path, and an inlet port formed at both ends of a diagonal line passing through the discharge port. A desalination module, and a condensate desalination device including the same. The storage tank containing the flow path according to the present invention has an advantage of minimizing the occurrence of blind spots in the flow path during the operation of the storage desalination process, thereby improving the desorption performance per electrode area and further improving the desalination efficiency.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a flow channel design of a capacitive deionization unit,

The present invention relates to a storage desalination apparatus, and more particularly, to a storage desalination apparatus having a discharge port formed at the center of a hexagonal flow path, and an inlet port formed at both ends of a diagonal line passing through the discharge port. A desalination module, and a condensate desalination device including the same.

The capacitive deionization (CDI) process is a technique for removing ions by utilizing the adsorption reaction of ions by the electrical attraction generated in the electric double layer formed on the electrode surface when a potential is applied to the electrode. Specifically, an electric double layer is formed on the surface of the electrode when a potential of 1 to 2 volts (V) is applied to both electrodes while flowing salt water through the cells composed of two porous electrodes. In this electric double layer, And when the adsorbed ions reach the charge capacity of the electrode, the electrode potential is switched to 0 volt (V) or the opposite potential to desorb the adsorbed ions to regenerate the electrode.

Since the electrolytic desalination process does not require high temperature and high pressure conditions during the reaction and operates at a low electrode potential (about 1-2 V) at which water decomposition reaction and other electrode reaction do not occur, the conventional reverse osmosis (RO energy consumption is much lower than other desalting technologies such as reverse osmosis, ED, electrodialysis, MED, multi-effect distillation and multi-stage flash (MSF) It is being evaluated as a next-generation desalination technology with low energy consumption. In addition, since no chemical substances are used during the adsorption and desorption processes, secondary pollutants are not generated, and the amount of wastewater thus generated can be reduced, which is advantageous as an environmentally friendly technology.

In the past, studies have been carried out to utilize carbon bodies of various materials to manufacture electrodes in order to increase the efficiency of the storage desalination process, and studies for improving the adsorption performance of carbon electrodes through correlation between physico-chemical properties of carbon bodies and electroadhesion And studies for improving the salt removal rate by combining an ion exchange membrane with the conventional storage desalination process.

On the other hand, not only the characteristics of the electrode material, the presence of the ion exchange membrane but also the presence of the blind zone in the cell operation are important factors in the salt removal efficiency in the storage desalination process. Conventionally, in the conventional electrochemical desalting process, a rectangular channel as shown in FIG. 1 was used. However, a wide range of dead zones occurred in the solution flow, and the salt removal efficiency was lowered compared with the electrode area.

In order to solve the above problems, Applicant has analyzed the flow of solution and the formation of blind spots in a cell for a storage desalination process through a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) flow analysis method, and based on the result Thus completing the present invention.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a cell module and apparatus for a storage desalination process in which absorption / desorption efficiency is increased by modifying the structure of a rectangular channel.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a storage desalination module including a hexagonal flow path structure having a discharge port formed at the center of a hexagonal flow path, and an inlet port formed at both ends of a diagonal line passing through the discharge port .

In one embodiment of the present invention, the two inlets may be formed inside the vertex of the hexagonal flow path.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the hexagonal channel may be regular hexagonal.

The present invention also relates to a storage desalination module comprising a modified rectangular channel structure, wherein an outlet and an inlet are formed outside the rectangular channel, and a plurality of channels extending from the rectangular channel to the outlet and the inlet are formed and connected to each other. to provide.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the rectangle may be square.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the outlet and the inlet may be formed on a straight line passing through the center of the rectangular channel and facing the rectangular channel.

In the present invention, two outlets are formed in a concave portion of the W-shaped curve in a rectangular channel whose one side is a W-shaped curve and the opposite side is curved outwardly convexly, and a convex curve portion And a plurality of inlet ports are formed on the bottom surface of the deodorizing module.

In one embodiment of the present invention, one W-shaped curved flow path is formed inside the outlet, so that a W-shaped curved flow path can be formed.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the S-shaped curved flow path may be symmetrically formed inside the convex curve around the inlet so that the inlet and both side surfaces can be connected.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention, a curved triangular flow passage having the inlet port as a vertex may be further formed.

The present invention also provides a storage desalination apparatus comprising a storage desalination module including the hexagonal channel or a modified rectangular channel.

The storage tank containing the flow path according to the present invention has an advantage of minimizing the occurrence of blind spots in the flow path during the operation of the storage desalination process, thereby improving the desorption performance per electrode area and further improving the desalination efficiency.

FIG. 1 is a view showing a rectangular channel structure used in a conventional storage desalination process.
2 is a view showing a flow path structure according to Production Example 1 of the present invention.
3 is a view showing a flow path structure according to Production Example 2 of the present invention.
4 is a view showing a flow path structure according to Production Example 3 of the present invention.
5 is a graph showing the results of a computational fluid dynamic flow test of a conventional thermal desalination apparatus.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of computational fluid dynamic analysis of a storage desalination apparatus including a hexagonal flow path according to Production Example 1 of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention can be modified into various other forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.

Comparative Example . Conventionally,

In order to evaluate the performance of the improved channel structure of the present invention, the salt removal efficiency of the conventional de-ionization process using a conventional rectangular channel was measured. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, a square channel having one side of 10 cm is provided inside a square cell having one side of 16 cm, and two inlet ports having a diameter of about 1 cm are provided at both ends of a square diagonal line, and an outlet having the same size And a silicon 0.1 cm thick was cut as designed to fabricate an electrolytic desalination cell. A diagram of a conventional rectangular channel used in the practice of the present invention is shown in Fig.

Manufacturing example  1. Production of Euro 1

As shown in FIG. 2, a hexagonal channel 1 was formed inside a cell having a square of 16 cm on one side, and the salt removal efficiency of the carbon electrode was measured by a storage desalination process. Specifically, the area of the electrode used in the cell is 100 cm ² , and an outlet having a diameter of about 1 cm is formed at the center of the cell, and two inlet ports of the same size are formed at the hexagonal vertex so as to be in line with the center outlet. And a silicon 0.1 cm thick as in the above comparative example was trimmed as designed to fabricate a storage desalination cell.

Manufacturing example  2. Manufacture of Euro 2

As shown in FIG. 3, an improved square-shaped channel 2 was formed inside a cell having a square of 17 cm on one side, and the salt removal efficiency of the carbon electrode was measured by a storage desalination process. Specifically, the area of the electrode used in the cell is all 100 cm ² , and the outer inlet and outlet of the square channel having 10 cm each are formed so as to form one outlet, respectively. As described above, The fabric was cut as in the design to fabricate a storage desalination cell.

Manufacturing example  3. Manufacture of Euro 3

As shown in FIG. 4, an improved square-shaped channel 3 was formed inside a square cell having a side of 19 cm on one side, and the salt removal efficiency of the carbon electrode was measured by a storage desalination process. Specifically, the area of the electrode used in the cell is all 100 cm ² , and one inlet above the square of 10 cm in each side and two outlets below the inlet are formed, and the flow path leading to the inlet and outlet is curved And 0.1 cm thick silicon was cut as in the design as described above to fabricate an electrolytic desalination cell.

Example  1. Check whether a blind spot occurs

In order to investigate whether the occurrence of the dead zone is minimized structurally in the channel manufactured according to the production example 1 of the present invention, the flow of the solution was analyzed using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) flow analysis method , And the results are shown in Fig. 5 and Fig.

As shown in FIG. 5, in the conventional channel having the rectangular structure (Comparative Example), it was observed that the flow of the solution did not actively occur at the corners of the remaining two except for the injection ports at both ends, , It was found that the hexagonal flow path of the present invention (Production Example 1) was more advantageous in that the solution moved evenly over the entire range of the module, and the entire area was uniformly used.

Example  2. Confirm desalination efficiency

The channel structures of Production Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples were applied to perform a storage desalination process as described below, and the respective desalination efficiencies were compared.

Specifically, a 100 ppm NaCl aqueous solution was supplied as a feed, a constant voltage of 1 V was applied for 3 minutes or 5 minutes during adsorption, and a voltage of 0 V was maintained for 1 minute during desorption, The desalting process was carried out for 1 hour at different flow rates of 15, 25, 35, 50 and 100 ml / min. Specific conditions of the present invention are shown in Table 1 below.

Example  # Euro structure Suction / desorption time Feed flow rate 2-1 Comparative Example 3 minutes / 1 minute 15 ml / L 2-2 25 ml / L 2-3 35 ml / L 2-4 50 ml / L 2-5 100 ml / L 2-6 5 minutes / 1 minute 15 ml / L 2-7 25 ml / L 2-8 35 ml / L 2-9 50 ml / L 2-10 100 ml / L 2-11 Production Example 1 3 minutes / 1 minute 15 ml / L 2-12 25 ml / L 2-13 35 ml / L 2-14 50 ml / L 2-15 100 ml / L 2-16 5 minutes / 1 minute 15 ml / L 2-17 25 ml / L 2-18 35 ml / L 2-19 50 ml / L 2-20 100 ml / L 2-21 Production Example 2 3 minutes / 1 minute 15 ml / L 2-22 25 ml / L 2-23 35 ml / L 2-24 50 ml / L 2-25 100 ml / L 2-26 5 minutes / 1 minute 15 ml / L 2-27 25 ml / L 2-28 35 ml / L 2-29 50 ml / L 2-30 100 ml / L 2-31 Production Example 3 3 minutes / 1 minute 15 ml / L 2-32 25 ml / L 2-33 35 ml / L 2-34 50 ml / L 2-35 100 ml / L 2-36 5 minutes / 1 minute 15 ml / L 2-37 25 ml / L 2-38 35 ml / L 2-39 50 ml / L 2-40 100 ml / L

In each example, the adsorption amount and desorption amount were measured through the concentration of effluent water, and the concentration (mg / L) of the adsorbed and desorbed salt per 1 cm ^{2 of} the electrode was analyzed in consideration of the electrode area. The salt removal efficiency (%) of the electrode was calculated from the adsorption amount, and the measurement formula was as follows.

The results are shown in Tables 2 to 5 below. As can be seen from the results of the following adsorption / desorption experiments, the salt removal rate was only 24.5% in the case of the conventional rectangular channel, but increased to 30.6% in the case of the hexagonal channel of the present invention and 36% , And 33%, respectively. As a result, it was found that the desalination efficiency of the electrothermal desalination apparatus using the channel shape of the present invention was increased.

<Desalting Efficiency of Comparative Example (Conventional Square Flow Path) Experimental conditions Comparative Example  (Fig. 1) Concentration upon adsorption
(mg / L) Concentration upon desorption
(mg / L) Salt removal rate  ( % ) Example  2-1 75.5 145.4 24.5 Example  2-2 81.7 132.9 18.3 Example  2-3 87.9 128.1 12.1 Example  2-4 91.4 127.8 8.6 Example  2-5 95.2 120.8 4.8 Example  2-6 79.6 170.9 20.4 Example  2-7 82.5 162.5 17.5 Example  2-8 88.4 151.4 11.6 Example  2-9 91.3 146.2 8.7 Example  2-10 94.8 134.4 5.2

<Desalting Efficiency of Preparation Example 1> Experimental conditions Manufacturing example  1 (Fig. 2) Concentration upon adsorption
(mg / L) Concentration upon desorption
(mg / L) Salt removal rate  ( % ) Example  2-11 69.4 144.1 30.6 Example  2-12 74.8 132 25.2 Example  2-13 81.3 131.3 18.7 Example  2-14 89.6 127.6 10.4 Example  2-15 94.3 119.8 5.7 Example  2-16 74.2 168.9 25.8 Example  2-17 80.4 161.7 19.6 Example  2-18 86.8 158.4 13.2 Example  2-19 91.2 149.3 8.8 Example  2-20 95.8 138.8 4.2

<Desalting Efficiency of Production Example 2> Experimental conditions Manufacturing example  2 (Fig. 3) Concentration upon adsorption
(mg / L) Concentration upon desorption
(mg / L) Salt removal rate  ( % ) Example  2-21 64 168.4 36 Example  2-22 68.5 158 31.5 Example  2-23 75.2 152.4 24.8 Example  2-24 85.7 138.5 14.3 Example  2-25 90.3 127 9.7 Example  2-26 70.9 180.6 29.1 Example  2-27 75.7 172.3 24.3 Example  2-28 80.8 160.5 19.2 Example  2-29 87.7 148.5 12.3 Example  2-30 93.6 140.2 6.4

<Desalting Efficiency of Production Example 3> Experimental conditions Manufacturing example  3 (Fig. 4) Concentration upon adsorption
(mg / L) Concentration upon desorption
(mg / L) Salt removal rate  ( % ) Example  2-31 67 162.5 33 Example  2-32 75.8 153.7 24.2 Example  2-33 81.7 146.2 18.3 Example  2-34 87.8 131.2 12.2 Example  2-35 92.9 124.6 7.1 Example  2-36 74.3 178.6 25.7 Example  2-37 79.1 166.4 20.9 Example  2-38 84.3 158.2 15.7 Example  2-39 90.1 147.8 9.9 Example  2-40 95.2 138.3 4.8

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Are also within the scope of protection of the present invention as defined by the following claims.

Claims (12)

delete delete delete delete A plurality of flow paths extending from the rectangular flow paths to the outlet and the inlet are formed and connected to each other,
Wherein the outlet and the inlet are located on a straight line passing through the center of the quadrangular channel and are opposed to each other with a quadrangular channel interposed therebetween.
6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the quadrangle is square. &Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 &gt; 11. &lt; / RTI &gt;
delete A storage desalination device comprising a storage desalination module comprising a modified rectangular channel structure of any one of claims 5 to 6.
One side of which is a W-shaped curve and the other side of which is curved outwardly into a convex curved shape, two outlets are formed in the concave portion of the W-shaped curve, and one inlet is formed in the convex curve However,
Wherein an S-shaped curved flow path is formed symmetrically inside a convex curve around the inlet port to connect the inlet and both side surfaces,
And a W-shaped curved flow path is formed inside the outlet.
delete delete A condensate desalination device comprising a deodorization module comprising a modified rectangular channel structure of claim 9.

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