KR101732207B1 - 고감도 분자 탐지 및 분석을 가능하게 하는 나노공극을 가지는 베어, 단일층 그래핀 멤브레인 - Google Patents
고감도 분자 탐지 및 분석을 가능하게 하는 나노공극을 가지는 베어, 단일층 그래핀 멤브레인 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
도 2A-2E는 각 나노공극의 직경이 2.4 nm이고 각각의 나노공극 길이가 0.6 nm, 1 nm, 2 nm, 5 nm 및 10 nm 범위이며, 각각의 나노공극을 관통하는 여러 지점에서의 평균 이온전류 밀도가 나노공극 내에 도시된 화살표 길이로 표시되는 나노공극 내의 6개 이론적 나노공극들의 개략적 측면도이다.
도 3은 2.5 nm 직경 및 0.6 nm, 2 nm, 5 nm 및 10 nm의 유효 길이를 가지는 나노공극들의 3M KCl 이온용액 및 160 mV 나노공극 바이어스에서, 봉쇄되지 않은 나노공극을 관통하는 이온전류 및 표시된 직경의 분자에 의해 봉쇄된 동일한 나노공극을 관통하는 이온전류 사이의 절대치 차이로 정의되는 이온전류 봉쇄(ionic current blockage)를 도시한다.
도 4는 단일 그래핀 층에서 탄소 원자들의 육각형 패킹으로부터 나오는 필연적인 육각형 패턴을 보여주는 실험적 그래핀 멤브레인의 X-선 회절 이미지이다.
도 5은 멤브레인이 단일층 그래핀임을 나타내는 실험적 그래핀 멤브레인의 라만 쉬프트 측정을 도시한다.
도 6은 실험적으로 측정된 이온전류 데이터를 실험적 그래핀 멤브레인의 시스 및 트랜스 측면상의 3M KCl 이온용액 사이에 적용된 전압 바이어스의 함수로 도시한다.
도 7은 도 6의 도시 및 8 nm-폭 나노공극을 포함하는 실험적 그래핀 멤브레인에서 이온전류를 전압의 함수로 나타낸 그래프이다.
도 8은 0.6 nm, 2 nm 및 10 nm 직경을 가지는 나노공극들에서 이온 컨덕턴스를 나노공극 직경의 함수로 나타낸 그래프이다.
도 9는 실험적 그래핀 멤브레인 내의 2.5 nm 나노공극에서 DNA 절편들이 나노공극을 관통하여 전좌함에 따ㄴ 이온전류를 시간의 함수로 나타낸 그래프이다..
도 10A-10C는 도 9의 도시로부터 가져온 시간의 함수로 도시된 이온전류이며, 단일-파일 형태, 부분적 접힘 형태, 반으로 접힌 형태의 DNA 나노공극 전좌에서의 상세한 전류 프로파일을 도시한다.
도 11은 400개의 전좌 이벤트들에 대하여 이온전류 봉쇄를 그래핀 멤브레인 내 나노공극의 DNA 전좌 함수로 나타낸 그래프이다.
도 12는 0.6 nm 길이 나노공극 및 1.5 nm 길이 나노공극에 대하여, 이온전류 봉쇄의 퍼센트 변화를 나노공극을 관통하는 거리의 함수로 나타낸 그래프이다.
| 용 액 | 그래핀 컨덕턴스(pS) | 용액 전도도(10-3Sm-1) | 수화 에너지(eV) |
| CsCl | 67±2 | 1.42 | 3.1 |
| RbCl | 70±3 | 1.42 | 3.4 |
| KCl | 64±2 | 1.36 | 3.7 |
| NaCl | 42±2 | 1.19 | 4.6 |
| LiCl | 27±3 | 0.95 | 5.7 |
Claims (38)
- 제1 그래핀 멤브레인 표면에서 제1 그래핀 멤브레인 표면 반대편의 제2 그래핀 멤브레인 표면까지의 그래핀 멤브레인(14)의 두께를 관통하여 연장되는 나노공극(12)을 포함하는 실질적으로 베어이며 자가-지지되는, 단일층 그래핀 멤브레인(bare, self-supported single-layer graphene membrane, 14);
제1 그래핀 멤브레인 표면에서 이온용액 내의 종(species, 20)을 나노공극(12)에 제공하기 위한 제1 그래핀 멤브레인 표면으로부터 제1 저장조까지의 연결 (connection);
제1 그래핀 멤브레인 표면에서 제2 그래핀 멤브레인 표면까지의 나노공극(12)을 관통하는 이온용액 및 종(20)의 전좌 이후에 종(20) 및 이온용액을 회수하기 위한 제2 그래핀 멤브레인 표면으로부터 제2 저장조까지의 연결(connection); 및
그래핀 멤브레인 내 나노공극(12)을 관통하는 이온전류 흐름을 측정하기 위하여 나노공극(12)의 대향하는 면들(opposite sides of the nanopore)에 연결되는 전기 회로(electrical circuit, 28)를 포함하는 그래핀 나노공극 센서(graphene nanopore sensor, 10). - 제1항에 있어서, 상기 전기 회로(28)는 그래핀 멤브레인(14) 내 나노공극(12)을 관통하는 이온전류 흐름을 측정하기 위하여 제1 및 제2 이온용액들 사이에 연결되거나, 또는 상기 전기 회로(28)는 나노공극(12)을 관통하는 시간 의존성 이온전류 흐름(time-dependent ionic current flow)을 측정하기 위하여 연결되는 전류 모니터(electrical current monitor)를 포함하는 그래핀 나노공극 센서(10).
- 제1항에 있어서, 나노공극(12)을 관통하여 종의 전좌를 전기영동적으로 일으키도록 나노공극(12)을 가로질러 전압을 인가하기 위하여 제1 및 제2 이온용액들 각각에 배치되는 전극(24, 26)을 더욱 포함하는 그래핀 나노공극 센서(10).
- 제1항에 있어서, ⅰ)상기 이온용액은 염 농도가 2M 보다 큰 것을 특징으로 하거나, 또는
ⅱ)상기 이온용액은 pH가 8 보다 큰 것을 특징으로 하거나, 또는
ⅲ)상기 이온용액은 KCl인, 그래핀 나노공극 센서(10). - 제1항에 있어서, 상기 나노공극(12)은 그 직경이 나노공극이 관통하여 연장되는 그래핀 멤브레인의 제1 및 제2 표면 사이의 그래핀 멤브레인 두께보다 큰 것을 특징으로 하는 그래핀 나노공극 센서(10).
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 나노공극(12)은 직경이 1 nm 내지 10 nm 사이인 것을 특징으로 하는 그래핀 나노공극 센서(10).
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 그래핀 멤브레인(14)은 두께가 2 nm 미만인 것을 특징으로 하는 그래핀 나노공극 센서(10).
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 나노공극(12)의 직경은 나노공극(12) 내의 종의 직경보다 5% 이상 크지 않도록 조정되는 그래핀 나노공극 센서(10).
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 그래핀 멤브레인(14)은 멤브레인 프레임 구조물(16)에 의해 멤브레인(14) 가장자리에서 기계적으로 지지되는 것을 특징으로 하는 그래핀 나노공극 센서(10).
- 이온용액 내에 평가하고자 하는 중합체 분자(polymer molecule, 20)를 제공하는 단계;
실질적으로 베어이고 자가-지지되는 단일층 그래핀 멤브레인에서, 제1 그래핀 멤브레인 표면에서 제1 그래핀 멤브레인 표면 반대편의 제2 그래핀 멤브레인 표면까지 나노공극(12)을 관통하여 이온용액 내 중합체 분자(20)를 전좌시키는(translocating) 단계; 및
그래핀 멤브레인(14) 내 나노공극(12)을 관통하는 이온전류 흐름을 모니터하는 단계를 포함하는 중합체 분자(20)의 평가 방법. - 제10항에 있어서, 상기 이온전류 흐름을 모니터하는 단계는 나노공극을 관통하여 중합체 분자의 전좌를 보여주는 시간 의존성 이온전류 흐름 봉쇄를 측정하는 것을 포함하는 중합체 분자의 평가 방법.
- 제10항에 있어서, 나노공극(12)을 관통하여 중합체 분자(20)의 전좌를 전기영동적으로 일으키도록 나노공극(12)을 가로질러 전압을 인가하는 단계를 더욱 포함하는 중합체 분자의 평가 방법.
- 제10항에 있어서, 나노공극(12)을 관통하여 전좌하는 이온용액 내 중합체 분자(20)는 생체분자들, 또는 DNA 분자들, 또는 RNA 분자들, 또는 올리고뉴클레오디드들, 또는 뉴클레오티드들을 포함하는 중합체 분자의 평가 방법.
- 제10항에 있어서, 상기 나노공극(12)은 그 직경이 나노공극(12)이 관통하여 연장되는 그래핀 멤브레인(14)의 제1 및 제2 표면 사이의 그래핀 멤브레인(14)의 두께보다 큰 것을 특징으로 하는 중합체 분자의 평가 방법.
- 제10항에 있어서, 나노공극(12)의 직경은 나노공극(12)을 관통하여 전좌하는 중합체 분자(20)의 직경보다 5% 이상 크지 않은 중합체 분자의 평가 방법.
- 제10항에 있어서, 상기 이온전류 흐름을 모니터하는 단계는 나노공극(12)을 관통하여 전좌하는 중합체 분자(20)의 직경을 보여주는 시간 의존성 이온전류 흐름 봉쇄를 측정하는 것을 포함하는 중합체 분자의 평가 방법.
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