KR102411159B1 - Method for retrieving atmospheric water vapor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of calculating an amount of atmospheric steam, the method comprising: determining first positioning information based on a first positioning method when a moving object is in a moving state; determining second positioning information based on a second positioning method when the moving object is in a fixed state; determining a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signal delay amount based on the first positioning information and the second positioning information; determining atmospheric pressure information and temperature information around the moving object; and calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor based on the determined GNSS signal delay amount, the atmospheric pressure information, and the temperature information.

Description

Calculation method for atmospheric water vapor

The present application relates to a method for calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor.

An increase in the global average temperature increases the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, causing local dangerous weather.

Since the amount of atmospheric water vapor, an energy source that causes dangerous weather, is one of the very important meteorological factors, it is necessary to accurately observe and monitor it.

In order to observe and predict dangerous weather that occurs locally in a short time, a mobile platform-based atmospheric water vapor observation technology is required.

Observation equipment that can measure the amount of atmospheric water vapor is a method using remote sensing such as Rawinsonde, Microwave Radiometer (MWR), and artificial satellite. However, it has the disadvantage of being affected by atmospheric conditions, such as spatiotemporal observation limits and observation interference in the event of precipitation. However, GNSS equipment can be observed at all times regardless of atmospheric conditions, and it is known that the accuracy and precision are excellent compared to other equipment.

For this reason, the technology of calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor through terrestrial GNSS observation is being used for research in various meteorological fields such as improving the precipitation prediction ability of numerical forecasting models, verifying satellite data, and monitoring climate change.

Currently, more than 100 domestic GNSS observatories are operated by a number of institutions. However, since observatories that do not have a dedicated GNSS weather sensor installed are replaced by interpolation of surrounding weather observation data, the quality of the data is low, which is considered a problem in research and prediction of dangerous weather. In addition, since it is not a regular meteorological component, most of the regular observation stations do not provide information on the amount of atmospheric water vapor.

As such, in order to overcome the above-mentioned problems and limitations, it is necessary to develop a method that can obtain information on the amount of atmospheric water vapor even in the observable blank area.

The background technology of the present application is disclosed in Korean Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-2013-0135635.

An object of the present application is to solve the problems of the prior art described above, and an object of the present application is to provide a method for calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor capable of calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor according to the state of a moving object.

However, the technical problems to be achieved by the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the technical problems described above, and other technical problems may exist.

As a technical means for achieving the above technical problem, a method for calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor according to an embodiment of the present application includes: determining first positioning information based on a first positioning method when a moving object is in a moving state; determining second positioning information based on a second positioning method when the moving object is in a fixed state; determining a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signal delay amount based on the first positioning information and the second positioning information; determining atmospheric pressure information and temperature information around the moving object; and calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor based on the determined GNSS signal delay amount, the atmospheric pressure information, and the temperature information.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the determining of the second positioning information includes determining the second positioning information and determining the external positioning information of an external device, and determining the GNSS signal delay amount includes: The GNSS signal delay amount may be determined based on the first positioning information, the second positioning information, and the external positioning information.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the movable body may be a first movable body, and the external device may be a second movable body.

According to an embodiment of the present application, further comprising the step of determining a first critical elevation angle based on the determined first positioning information, the step of determining a second critical elevation angle based on the determined second positioning information may include more.

According to an embodiment of the present application, further comprising the step of determining a first observation time based on the determined first positioning information, further comprising the step of determining a second observation time based on the determined second positioning information can do.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the first positioning method may be a single positioning method, and the second positioning method may be a relative positioning method.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the method for calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor further includes determining a latitude and an ellipsoidal height around the mobile body, and the amount of atmospheric steam based on the determined GNSS signal delay amount, the atmospheric pressure information, and the temperature information The calculating step includes determining the drying delay amount based on the determined latitude, the ellipsoid height, and the atmospheric pressure information, determining the wetting delay amount based on the determined GNSS signal delay amount and the drying delay amount, and determining the determined It may be to calculate the amount of atmospheric water vapor based on the temperature information and the wetting delay amount.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the atmospheric water vapor calculation apparatus includes: a first positioning determining unit that determines first positioning information based on a first positioning method when a moving object is in a moving state; a second positioning determining unit that determines second positioning information based on a second positioning method when the moving object is in a fixed state; a delay amount determining unit for determining a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signal delay amount based on the first positioning information and the second positioning information; a peripheral determination unit for determining atmospheric pressure information and temperature information around the moving object; and a calculator configured to calculate the amount of atmospheric water vapor based on the determined GNSS signal delay amount and the atmospheric pressure information and the temperature information.

The above-described problem solving means are merely exemplary, and should not be construed as limiting the present application. In addition to the exemplary embodiments described above, additional embodiments may exist in the drawings and detailed description.

According to the above-described problem solving means of the present application, by calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor based on the observation state of the moving object, it is possible to secure information on the amount of atmospheric steam at a point where GNSS observation equipment is not installed or an empty area, and GNSS observation blank area It has the effect that it can be used in industries related to the meteorological and disaster prevention fields that prevent damage to human life and property due to disasters in advance by providing information on the amount of atmospheric water vapor.

According to the above-described problem solving means of the present application, by calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor based on the GNSS observation information, it is possible to solve the quality problem of the atmospheric steam amount calculation data generated by the absence of a GNSS-only weather sensor.

However, the effects obtainable herein are not limited to the above-described effects, and other effects may exist.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a system for calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor according to an embodiment of the present application.
2 is an operation flowchart for a method for calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor according to an embodiment of the present application.
3 is a reference view of a mobile body equipped with GNSS equipment and a plurality of sensors according to an embodiment of the present application.
4 is an exemplary diagram showing the results of June 11, 2014 and June 12, 2014 calculated from the location information (latitude and longitude) of the moving object according to an embodiment of the present application.
5 is an exemplary view of the verification result of the amount of atmospheric water vapor for the month of February 2012 calculated at the target point (Bukgangneung Observatory) of the mobile body according to an embodiment of the present application.
6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a system for calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor according to an embodiment of the present application.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application pertains can easily carry out. However, the present application may be implemented in several different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. And in order to clearly explain the present application in the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted, and similar reference numerals are attached to similar parts throughout the specification.

Throughout this specification, when a part is "connected" with another part, it is not only "directly connected" but also "electrically connected" or "indirectly connected" with another element interposed therebetween. "Including cases where

Throughout this specification, when a member is positioned “on”, “on”, “on”, “on”, “under”, “under”, or “under” another member, this means that a member is positioned on the other member. It includes not only the case where they are in contact, but also the case where another member exists between two members.

Throughout this specification, when a part "includes" a certain component, it means that other components may be further included, rather than excluding other components, unless otherwise stated.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a system for calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor according to an embodiment of the present application.

Referring to FIG. 1 , in the atmospheric water vapor calculation system 1 , the mobile unit 100 receives a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) signal from the artificial satellite 200 and external observation information from the external observation server 300 . have. In addition, the atmospheric steam amount calculation system 1 determines the first positioning information based on the first positioning method when the moving object 100 is in a moving state, and based on the second positioning method when the moving object 100 is in a fixed state. The second positioning information is determined, the GNSS signal delay amount is determined based on the first positioning information and the second positioning information, the atmospheric pressure information and the temperature information around the moving object 100 are determined, and the determined GNSS signal delay amount, atmospheric pressure It is possible to calculate the amount of atmospheric water vapor based on the information and temperature information.

In addition, the air vapor amount calculation system (1) determines the external positioning information of the external device when determining the second positioning information, based on the first positioning information, the second positioning information and the external positioning information to determine the GNSS signal delay amount have. In addition, the movable body 100 included in the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 may be the first movable body 100 , and the external device may be the second movable body 100 . In addition, the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 may determine a first critical elevation angle based on the determined first positioning information, and determine a second critical elevation angle based on the determined second positioning information. In addition, the atmospheric steam amount calculation system 1 may determine the first observation time based on the determined first positioning information, and determine the second observation time based on the determined second positioning information. In addition, the first positioning method may be a single positioning method, and the second positioning method may be a relative positioning method. And, the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 determines the latitude and ellipsoidal height around the mobile body 100, determines the drying delay amount based on the determined latitude, ellipsoidal height and atmospheric pressure information, and determines the GNSS signal delay amount and drying delay amount It is possible to determine the wetting delay amount based on , and finally calculate the atmospheric water vapor amount based on the determined temperature information and the wetting delay amount.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the atmospheric steam amount calculation system 1 may provide an atmospheric steam amount calculation menu to the user terminal. For example, the user terminal may download and install an application program provided by the atmospheric water vapor calculation system 1, and a menu for calculating the atmospheric steam amount may be provided through the installed application.

Air vapor amount calculation system 1 may include all kinds of servers, terminals, or devices that transmit and receive data, content, and various communication signals to and from a user terminal through a network, and have functions of data storage and processing.

A user terminal (not shown) is a device that interworks with the atmospheric water vapor quantity calculation system 1 through a network, for example, a smartphone, a smart pad, a tablet PC, a wearable device, and the like PCS (Personal Communication). System), GSM (Global System for Mobile communication), PDC (Personal Digital Cellular), PHS (Personal Handyphone System), PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), IMT (International Mobile Telecommunication)-2000, CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)- 2000, W-CDMA (W-Code Division Multiple Access), all kinds of wireless communication devices such as Wibro (Wireless Broadband Internet) terminals, and may be fixed terminals such as desktop computers and smart TVs.

As an example of a network for information sharing between the atmospheric water vapor calculation system 1 and the user terminal (not shown), a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) network, a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, a 5G network, and a World Interoperability for Microwave (WIMAX) network Access) network, wired and wireless Internet, LAN (Local Area Network), Wireless LAN (Wireless Local Area Network), WAN (Wide Area Network), PAN (Personal Area Network), Bluetooth (Bluetooth) network, Wifi network, NFC (Near Field Communication) network, satellite broadcasting network, analog broadcasting network, DMB (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting) network, etc. may be included, but is not limited thereto.

2 is an operation flowchart for a method for calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor according to an embodiment of the present application.

The method for calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor shown in FIG. 2 may be performed by the atmospheric steam amount calculation system 1 to be described later.

In step S210, the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 may determine the first positioning information based on the first positioning method when the mobile body 100 is in a moving state.

As an example, the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 may determine whether the moving object 100 is in a moving state or a fixed state, and may determine a positioning method based on the determination result. The atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 may be driven by a device built into the moving body 100 or driven by a device carried by a user.

Air vapor amount calculation system (1) may receive a GNSS signal from the satellite (200). The GNSS signal may include satellite forecast information, signal observation information, and the like. In addition, the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 may receive input information. The input information may include satellite orbital information and clock information. In addition, the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 may select the GNSS signal processing software according to the positioning method. When the positioning scheme is a single positioning scheme, RTKLIB may be selected as the GNSS signal processing software. When the positioning method is a relative positioning method, Bernese may be selected as the GNSS signal processing software. Depending on the GNSS signal processing software, environment setting files, essential files, post-processing methods, etc. may be applied differently. The positioning method may be selectively applied and performed based on whether the moving object 100 is in a moving state or a fixed state.

The first positioning method may include a single positioning method (which may be referred to as one-point positioning, absolute positioning, or moving positioning). The first positioning information may be based on calculating a GNSS signal delay amount, which will be described later, or may include a GNSS signal delay amount. The first positioning information may be calculated by applying a single positioning method to a GNSS signal received by an RTKLIB selected as GNSS processing software.

In step S220 , the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 may determine the second positioning information based on the second positioning method when the moving object 100 is in a fixed state.

As an example, the second positioning method may include a relative positioning method. The second positioning information may be based on calculating a GNSS signal delay amount, which will be described later, or may include a GNSS signal delay amount. The second positioning information may be calculated by applying a relative positioning method to a GNSS signal received by Bernese selected as GNSS processing software.

As an example, the external observation server 300 may include a server of an IGS reference station and a server of a domestic GNSS station. When the moving object 100 is in a stationary state, the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 selects a relative positioning method to be described later, and in order for the Bernese software to perform a multi-baseline processing method of the relative positioning method, IGS standards in addition to the acquired GNSS signal It is possible to further receive external observation information of the station and domestic GNSS regular observation stations.

In step S230, the air vapor amount calculation system 1 may determine a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signal delay amount based on the first positioning information and the second positioning information.

As an example, the atmospheric water vapor amount system may perform at least one of moving observation and fixed observation for a preset time. The air vapor amount system may determine the GNSS signal delay amount at the time of moving observation and the GNSS signal delay amount at the time of fixed observation based on the first positioning information and the second positioning information.

For example, when the moving object 100 is in a moving state, RTKLIB may be selected, and precise-point position-kinematic (PPP-Kinematic) may be selected as the position estimation mode for setting an environment optimized for a single positioning method. In addition, for calculating the GNSS signal delay amount, the tropospheric option may be set to est-ztdgrad, and the output altitude may be selected as a geodetic to be described later. The ellipsoidal height may mean a value obtained by adding an orthometric height to an average geoid height at the observation position of the mobile body 100 . Also, the height of the ellipsoid can be used as a basis for calculating the drying delay amount, which will be described later. For the selected RTKLIB, the output time format may be set to hms (hours, minutes and seconds) for clock synchronization with the obtained atmospheric pressure and temperature. In order to perform a single positioning method to be described later, GNSS signals and satellite information of the mobile unit 100 may be used as input information. In this case, the number of variables of the input information may be two GNSS signals and two satellite information. Based on the previously created environment setting file (ppp_kin.conf), the analysis period RTKLIB processing can be executed. The executable file name is set to rnx2rtkp, and satellite signal observation information, satellite forecast power information, satellite ephemeris information, and satellite time information of the mobile unit 100 may be sequentially used as variables of input information.

Results processed by the RTKLIB software may consist of a positioning solution file and a solution status file. The positioning solution file includes the latitude and height of the ellipsoid at the observation position of the mobile body 100, and the latitude and height of the ellipsoid may be used as information based on determining the drying delay amount. The information based on determining the drying delay amount may consist of GNSS reception time (UTC), latitude, ellipsoid height and quality index. Positioning solution file may contain GNSS signal delay amount. GNSS signal delay amount and desired positioning mode (6; PPP, 1; rover) information can be extracted from the positioning solution file. In addition, in order to solve the problem of quality degradation of GNSS signal reception due to surrounding obstacles or shadowed areas or tunnels in a moving environment, the Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP) is 5 or more, or the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) A GNSS signal having an SNR of 40 or less may be removed.

As an example, when the moving object 100 is in a stationary state, the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 selects Bernese, but essential files may be updated to the latest in order to perform the relative positioning method. The constant, datum, GNSS satellite information, satellite anomaly information, receiver and antenna information, and satellite center change information based on the calculation of the GNSS signal delay amount are included in the updated file, and the essential file is from the Bernese software-related FTP server. It can be downloaded automatically. Also, Bernese receives observation point information, and the observation point information may include information on the target observation point of the moving object 100 in a fixed state as well as information on the IGS or regular domestic observation stations.

In order to apply the relative positioning method to the received GNSS signal, the observation point information may be input to the Bernese software after setting the reference position in the GNSS receiver provided in the mobile body 100 . Also, when the target observation point information is changed, the changed target observation point information may be input to be reflected in Bernese. The Bernese Processing Engine (BPE) included in the selected Bernese software creates an automated script that processes the input information, and Bernese performs the multi-baseline relative positioning method to calculate the GNSS signal delay. The main task of the script written by the Bernese Processing Engine (BPE) is to convert the GNSS satellite orbital information downloaded from the IGS site into a file (.ERP) that conforms to the Bernese format, and to a file (. ERP) to tabular satellite orbit file (.TAB) and clock file (.CLK), satellite orbit information (.TAB) to standard satellite orbit information (.STD), mobile ( 100) can include converting the GNSS signal (RINEX) to the Bernese format, inputting the changed target observation point information when the moving object 100 is in a stationary state, setting the sampling period and setting the observation window, etc. have.

Bernese checks the observations at all time points, and if cycle slip, a phenomenon in which the signal is temporarily cut off during observation, is detected, Bernese automatically corrects the cycle slip or sets the observed value in which the cycle slip is detected as an outlier. can be considered and removed. Bernese can check the quality of input information such as GNSS signal, barometric pressure, temperature, humidity, latitude and ellipsoid height from the L3 solution with an undetermined ambiguity, and store the calculated residual after applying the least squares method. Bernese can calculate general statistical results for the stored residuals and identify outliers based on the calculated statistical results. In order for Bernese to calculate the amount of GNSS signal delay by the relative positioning method, which will be described later, a reference station must be determined and a coordinate system must be defined. Verification of the reference station can be performed through the 'ADDNEQ' program. Bernese can finally determine the GNSS signal delay amount through the above-described configuration.

In step S240, the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system (1) Atmospheric pressure information and temperature information around the moving object 100 may be determined.

As an example, the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 may sense the temperature and atmospheric pressure around the moving object 100 . The barometric pressure is sensed by a barometric pressure sensor (eg, PTB330, Vaisala) provided in the moving object 100 and a data logger provided in the moving object 100 at preset time intervals (eg, 10 second intervals) ) can be obtained. The temperature is sensed by a temperature/humidity (HMP155, Vaisala) sensor provided in the moving object 100 and may be acquired by a data logger provided in the moving object 100 at preset time intervals (eg, 10 second intervals). . The atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 may process the air pressure and temperature obtained in Korea Standard Time (KST) to match the time with the GNSS signal, which is Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

For example, the obtained GNSS signal, atmospheric pressure, temperature, latitude, ellipsoidal height, and the determined GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) signal delay amount are information based for the production of atmospheric water vapor in the moving state or fixed state of the mobile body 100. can be used The GNSS signal, latitude, and ellipsoid height may be obtained from a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) antenna and receiver provided in the mobile body 100 , and atmospheric pressure and temperature may be obtained from a plurality of sensors. The GNSS signal may be included in information based on determining the GNSS signal delay amount by performing a positioning method selected according to the observation state of the mobile body 100 . In addition, the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 may perform pre-processing of changing the names of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals and detected temperature, atmospheric pressure, latitude, and ellipsoidal height to Julian day. The input information includes orbital information and clock information of the satellite, and the name of the input information may be in the form of a GNSS week number. In addition, the atmospheric vapor amount calculation system 1 can automatically download satellite orbital information and clock information from the IGS site.

As an example, the atmospheric water vapor calculation system 1 receives and receives a GNSS signal (Receiver Independent Exchange Format, RINEX) from the satellite 200 operating for the purpose of collecting terrestrial positioning information, such as GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo. The obtained GNSS signal (RINEX) may be composed of satellite forecasting information and signal observation (ovservation) information.

For example, when the observation state of the mobile body 100 is the moving state, the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 uses RTKLIB as GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) information processing software, and the observation state of the mobile object 100 is fixed. In this case, the air vapor amount calculation system 1 may use Bernese as a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) information processing software. Environment setting files, essential files, post-processing methods, etc. are applied differently depending on the GNSS information processing software, and the positioning conversion technique may be selectively performed according to the observation state of the mobile body 100 .

As an example, the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 may set the tropospheric option to est-ztdgrad to determine the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signal delay amount, and select the output altitude as the ellipsoidal height (geodetic). The ellipsoidal height means a value obtained by adding an orthometric height to the average geoid height of the GNSS observation point of the mobile body 100, and may be used as input information for calculating the drying delay during post-processing. For time synchronization with temperature and pressure, the output time format can be set to hms (hours minutes and seconds).

In step S250, the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 The amount of atmospheric water vapor may be calculated based on the determined delay amount of the GNSS signal, the atmospheric pressure information, and the temperature information.

As an example, the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 determines the drying delay amount based on the sensed atmospheric pressure, latitude and ellipsoidal height, and subtracts the determined drying delay amount from the GNSS signal delay amount to determine the wetting delay amount, and the determined wetting delay amount And it is possible to calculate the amount of atmospheric water vapor based on the temperature.

In the above description, steps S210 to S250 may be further divided into additional steps or combined into fewer steps, according to an embodiment of the present application. In addition, some steps may be omitted if necessary, and the order between steps may be changed.

3 is a reference view of the mobile body 100 provided with GNSS equipment and a plurality of sensors according to an embodiment of the present application.

Referring to FIG. 3 , as an example, the mobile body 100 includes a plurality of sensors capable of acquiring a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signal based on finally calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor, and atmospheric pressure and temperature around the mobile body 100 . and GNSS equipment. The mobile body 100 includes a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) antenna and receiver for receiving a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal from the satellite 200, a temperature sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, and a data logger for storing sensing data. , a monitoring device, a communication device, a computer, a power supply, a battery, and the like. For example, the GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiving system of the mobile unit 100 may be composed of a Zephyr GeoDetic Ⅱ antenna manufactured by Trimble, USA and a NetR9 receiver manufactured by the same company.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the determining of the second positioning information includes determining the second positioning information and determining the external positioning information of an external device, and determining the GNSS signal delay amount includes: The GNSS signal delay amount may be determined based on the first positioning information, the second positioning information, and the external positioning information.

As an example, the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 provides first positioning information that is a GNSS signal delay amount when the moving object 100 is in a moving state, second positioning information that is a GNSS signal delay amount when the moving object 100 is in a fixed state, and an external Based on the external positioning information, which is the GNSS signal delay amount of the device, it is possible to calculate the amount of atmospheric water vapor corresponding to the location and time.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the movable body 100 may be the first movable body 100 , and the external device may be the second movable body 100 .

As an example, the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation device includes air pressure information, temperature information, GNSS signal delay amount, latitude, ellipsoid height, drying delay amount, wetting delay amount and the first mobile body 100 determined by the first mobile body 100. Comparative analysis of the amount of atmospheric water vapor and atmospheric pressure information determined by the second mobile body 100, temperature information, GNSS signal delay amount, latitude, ellipsoid height, drying delay amount, wetting delay amount, and atmospheric water vapor amount calculated by the second mobile body 100 And, it is possible to calculate the change trend for each time and space of the information.

According to an embodiment of the present application, further comprising the step of determining a first critical elevation angle based on the determined first positioning information, the step of determining a second critical elevation angle based on the determined second positioning information may include more.

For example, when the observation state of the moving object 100 is the moving state, the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 may determine the first critical elevation angle to be 15° or more in order to minimize the influence of the surrounding obstacles. When the observation state of the moving object 100 is a fixed state, the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 may determine the second critical elevation angle to be 10°, which is a recommended setting value of the IGS site.

According to an embodiment of the present application, further comprising the step of determining a first observation time based on the determined first positioning information, further comprising the step of determining a second observation time based on the determined second positioning information can do.

As an example, the atmospheric steam amount calculation system 1 determines the first positioning information by applying the first positioning method, which is a single positioning method, to the received GNSS signal when the mobile body 100 is in a moving state, and based on the user's input time The first observation time may be determined. In addition, the atmospheric steam amount calculation system 1 determines the second positioning information by applying the second positioning method, which is a relative positioning method, to the received GNSS signal when the moving object 100 is in a fixed state, and based on the user's input time Only when the user's input time is 4 hours or more, the second observation time may be determined or the second observation time may be determined as a preset arbitrary time of 4 hours or more.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the first positioning method may be a single positioning method, and the second positioning method may be a relative positioning method.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the method for calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor further comprises determining a latitude and an ellipsoid height around the mobile body 100, and based on the determined GNSS signal delay amount, the atmospheric pressure information and the temperature information To calculate the amount of atmospheric water vapor, determining the drying delay amount based on the determined latitude, the ellipsoidal height and the atmospheric pressure information, determining the wetting delay amount based on the determined GNSS signal delay amount and the drying delay amount, , may be to calculate the amount of atmospheric water vapor based on the determined temperature information and the wetting delay amount.

As an example, when the electromagnetic wave signal passes through the atmosphere during the process of receiving the electromagnetic wave signal from the GNSS satellite 200, refraction occurs and a delay of the signal occurs. There is a difference when passing, and the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 can calculate the atmospheric water vapor amount using this difference. The drying delay amount includes the Zenith Hydrostatic Delay (ZHD) in the ceiling direction, the wet delay amount includes the Zenith Wet Delay (ZWD) in the ceiling direction, and the GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) signal delay amount. may include Zenith Total Delay (ZTD). GNSS signal delay amount (ZTD) is expressed as the sum of drying delay amount (ZHD) and wet delay amount (Zenith Wet Delay, ZWD). .

[식 1]

[Equation 1]

과

은 이동체(100)의 관측 지점 정보에 대응하는 지상 기압(hPa)과 위도이며,

은 타원체고(m)를 의미할 수 있다. RTKLIB과 Bernese 소프트웨어를 통해 산출된 GNSS 신호 지연량(ZTD)에 식 (1)에서 계산한 건조지연량(ZHD)을 빼면 습윤지연량(ZWD)을 구할 수 있다.

class

is the ground air pressure (hPa) and latitude corresponding to the observation point information of the moving object 100,

may mean the height of the ellipsoid (m). Wetting delay (ZWD) can be obtained by subtracting drying delay (ZHD) calculated in Equation (1) from GNSS signal delay (ZTD) calculated through RTKLIB and Bernese software.

By substituting the wetting delay amount ZWD into Equation (2), the atmospheric water vapor amount TPW of the mobile body 100 can be calculated.

[식 2]

[Equation 2]

는 물의 밀도,

는 수증기의 비기체상수 값을 사용하며,

와

는 Davis et al. (1985)의 대기굴절지수가 적용 될 수 있다. 그리고

은 Bevis et al. (1992)이 제안한 가중평균온도식 대신 한반도 기상조건에 적합한 평균온도식(Ha et al., 2008)을 적용하되, 결정된 기온이 상기 변수를 산출하는데 기초 될 수 있다.here

is the density of water,

uses the specific gas constant value of water vapor,

Wow

is Davis et al. (1985) can be applied. and

is Bevis et al. (1992) applies the average temperature equation suitable for the weather conditions of the Korean Peninsula instead of the weighted average temperature equation (Ha et al., 2008), but the determined temperature can be used as the basis for calculating the above variables.

4 is an exemplary diagram showing the results of June 11, 2014 and June 12, 2014 calculated from the location information (latitude and longitude) of the mobile body 100 according to an embodiment of the present application.

Referring to FIG. 4 , an example of calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor on June 11, 2014 and June 12, 2014 can be confirmed using a model developed using a single positioning method according to an embodiment of the present application. There is a clear difference in the amount of atmospheric water vapor between the precipitation case (June 11) and the non-precipitation case (June 12). characteristics can be checked. In addition, it can be confirmed that there is a local difference in the amount of water vapor between the north and the south.

5 is an exemplary view of the verification result of the amount of atmospheric water vapor for the month of February 2012 calculated at the target point (Bukgangneung Observatory) of the mobile body 100 according to an embodiment of the present application.

Referring to FIG. 5 , it is possible to confirm an example of a time series for calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor for the month of February 2012 and verification results using a model developed using a relative positioning method. Assuming that the Lewinsonde (RAOB) observation result, which measured atmospheric information through the direct sensor, is the true value, the verification result of the atmospheric water vapor amount calculated from the GNSS (24-hour continuous observation) in the stationary state of the moving object 100, the root mean square error ( It can be seen that the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) is 1.22 mm and the accuracy is very high. Since the amount of atmospheric water vapor calculated from the Microwave Radiometer (MWR) observation device during the same period cannot be measured or partially overestimated when precipitation occurs, It can be seen that the reliability is high.

In this way, the atmospheric steam amount calculation system 1 can secure the atmospheric steam amount information at a point where GNSS observation equipment is not installed or an empty area using a single positioning method or a relative positioning method, and there is no GNSS dedicated weather sensor By applying the integrated observation method based on the mobile 100 platform to the quality problem of the generated air water vapor amount calculation data, it can be confirmed that the possibility of utilizing meteorological or disaster prevention research is high. In addition, the air vapor amount calculation system 1 may be used in industries related to the meteorological and disaster prevention fields that prevent damage to life and property due to disaster in advance by providing air vapor amount information in the GNSS observation blank area.

Hereinafter, based on the details described above, the configuration of the present application will be briefly reviewed.

6 is a schematic configuration diagram of the atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system 1 according to an embodiment of the present application.

Referring to FIG. 6 , the atmospheric steam amount calculation system 1 includes a first positioning determining unit 110 , a second positioning determining unit 120 , a delay amount determining unit 130 , a peripheral determining unit 140 and a calculating unit ( 150) may be included.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the first positioning determining unit 110 may determine the first positioning information based on the first positioning method when the mobile body 100 is in a moving state.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the second positioning determiner 120 may determine the second positioning information based on the second positioning method when the mobile 100 is in a fixed state.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the delay amount determiner 130 may determine the amount of delay of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signal based on the first positioning information and the second positioning information.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the surrounding determiner may determine the atmospheric pressure information and the temperature information around the moving object 100 .

According to an embodiment of the present application, the calculator 150 may calculate the amount of atmospheric water vapor based on the determined delay amount of the GNSS signal, the atmospheric pressure information, and the temperature information.

Since the atmospheric water vapor quantity calculation system 1 performs the atmospheric water vapor quantity calculation method described above, the contents described for the atmospheric water vapor quantity calculation method even if omitted below can be equally applied to the description of the atmospheric steam quantity calculation system 1 have.

The method for calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor according to an embodiment of the present application may be implemented in the form of a program command that can be executed through various computer means and recorded in a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, etc. alone or in combination. The program instructions recorded on the medium may be specially designed and configured for the present invention, or may be known and available to those skilled in the art of computer software. Examples of the computer-readable recording medium include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks and magnetic tapes, optical media such as CD-ROMs and DVDs, and magnetic media such as floppy disks. - includes magneto-optical media, and hardware devices specially configured to store and execute program instructions, such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like. Examples of program instructions include not only machine language codes such as those generated by a compiler, but also high-level language codes that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like. The hardware devices described above may be configured to operate as one or more software modules to perform the operations of the present invention, and vice versa.

In addition, the above-described method for calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor may be implemented in the form of a computer program or application executed by a computer stored in a recording medium.

The foregoing description of the present application is for illustration, and those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application pertains will understand that it can be easily modified into other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present application. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. For example, each component described as a single type may be implemented in a dispersed form, and likewise components described as distributed may be implemented in a combined form.

The scope of the present application is indicated by the following claims rather than the above detailed description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents should be construed as being included in the scope of the present application.

1: Air water vapor quantity calculation system
100: moving object
110: first positioning determining unit 120: second positioning determining unit
130: delay amount determination unit 140: peripheral determination unit
150: output unit
200: satellite
300: external observation server

Claims (9)

In the method of calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor,
determining first positioning information based on a single positioning method when the moving object is in a moving state;
determining second positioning information based on a relative positioning method when the moving object is in a fixed state;
determining a first critical elevation angle based on the determined first positioning information, and determining a second critical elevation angle smaller than the first critical elevation angle based on the determined second positioning information;
selecting one GNSS software among GNSS software when the moving object is in a moving state, and selecting another GNSS software among GNSS software when the moving object is in a stationary state;
Receiving a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal from a satellite;
determining a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signal delay amount based on the first positioning information and the second positioning information;
determining atmospheric pressure information and temperature information around the moving object; and
Comprising the step of calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor based on the determined GNSS signal delay amount, the atmospheric pressure information and the temperature information,
The calculating step is
When the moving object is in a moving state, a first atmospheric steam quantity is calculated based on a single positioning method and one of the GNSS software, and when the moving object is in a stationary state, a second air vapor amount is calculated based on a relative positioning method and the other GNSS software Calculate the amount of atmospheric water vapor,
The GNSS signal includes at least one of satellite forecasting information and signal observation information,
The calculating step is
When the moving object is in a moving state, the first atmospheric water vapor amount is calculated based on the satellite forecasting force information and the signal observation information, and when the moving object is in a moving state, a position accuracy reduction rate of 5 or more from the GNSS signal or a signal-to-noise ratio Removing the portion less than 40, and calculating the first amount of atmospheric water vapor based on the removed GNSS signal,
A method of calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor. The method of claim 1,
The determining of the second positioning information includes determining the second positioning information and determining the external positioning information of an external device,
The determining of the GNSS signal delay amount is to determine the GNSS signal delay amount based on the first positioning information, the second positioning information and the external positioning information,
A method of calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor. 3. The method of claim 2,
The movable body is a first movable body,
The external device is a second mobile body,
A method of calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor. delete The method of claim 1,
Further comprising the step of determining a first observation time based on the determined first positioning information,
Further comprising the step of determining a second observation time based on the determined second positioning information,
A method of calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor. delete The method of claim 1,
The method of calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor,
Further comprising the step of determining the latitude and the height of the ellipsoid around the mobile body,
Calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor based on the determined GNSS signal delay amount, the atmospheric pressure information, and the temperature information,
A drying delay amount is determined based on the determined latitude, the ellipsoid height, and the atmospheric pressure information, a wet delay amount is determined based on the determined GNSS signal delay amount and the drying delay amount, and the determined temperature information and the wetting delay amount Calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor based on the amount,
A method of calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor. In the system for calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor,
a first positioning determining unit that determines first positioning information based on a single positioning method when the moving object is in a moving state;
a second positioning determining unit that determines second positioning information based on a relative positioning method when the moving object is in a fixed state;
a delay amount determining unit for determining a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signal delay amount based on the first positioning information and the second positioning information;
a peripheral determination unit for determining atmospheric pressure information and temperature information around the moving object; and
Comprising a calculator for calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor based on the determined GNSS signal delay amount and the atmospheric pressure information and the temperature information,
The atmospheric water vapor amount calculation system,
A first critical elevation angle is determined based on the determined first positioning information, and a second critical elevation angle smaller than the first critical elevation angle is determined based on the determined second positioning information, and the moving object is in a moving state. In the case of selecting any one GNSS software among GNSS software, when the moving object is in a fixed state, selecting another GNSS software among GNSS software, and receiving a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal from a satellite;
The calculation unit,
When the moving object is in a moving state, a first atmospheric steam quantity is calculated based on a single positioning method and one of the GNSS software, and when the moving object is in a stationary state, a second air vapor amount is calculated based on a relative positioning method and the other GNSS software Calculating the amount of atmospheric water vapor,
The GNSS signal includes at least one of satellite forecasting information and signal observation information,
The calculation unit,
When the moving object is in a moving state, the first atmospheric water vapor amount is calculated based on the satellite forecasting force information and the signal observation information, and when the moving object is in a moving state, a position accuracy reduction rate of 5 or more from the GNSS signal or a signal-to-noise ratio Removing the portion less than 40, and calculating the first amount of atmospheric water vapor based on the removed GNSS signal,
Air vapor volume calculation system. A computer-readable recording medium in which a program for executing the method of any one of claims 1 to 3, 5, and 7 on a computer is recorded.

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