KR102481589B1 - Sofc-전도 - Google Patents
Sofc-전도 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102481589B1 KR102481589B1 KR1020217034840A KR20217034840A KR102481589B1 KR 102481589 B1 KR102481589 B1 KR 102481589B1 KR 1020217034840 A KR1020217034840 A KR 1020217034840A KR 20217034840 A KR20217034840 A KR 20217034840A KR 102481589 B1 KR102481589 B1 KR 102481589B1
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- hot zone
- thermal
- fuel
- wall
- fuel cell
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 221
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 141
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000002915 spent fuel radioactive waste Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910021525 ceramic electrolyte Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 11
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910021320 cobalt-lanthanum-strontium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910002075 lanthanum strontium manganite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum copper Chemical compound [Al].[Cu] WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GGGMJWBVJUTTLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co]=O.[Sr].[La] Chemical compound [Co]=O.[Sr].[La] GGGMJWBVJUTTLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RJBSIFOTJSUDHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Fe+2].[Co+2].[Sr+2].[La+3] Chemical compound [O-2].[Fe+2].[Co+2].[Sr+2].[La+3] RJBSIFOTJSUDHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FVROQKXVYSIMQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Sr+2].[La+3].[O-][Mn]([O-])=O Chemical compound [Sr+2].[La+3].[O-][Mn]([O-])=O FVROQKXVYSIMQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- -1 oxygen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021526 gadolinium-doped ceria Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001233 yttria-stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexacosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000623 nickel–chromium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002119 nickel–yttria stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004822 Hot adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002161 La0.75Sr0.25Cr0.5Mn0.5O3-δ Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002160 La0.75Sr0.25Cr0.5Mn0.5O3−δ Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- WEUCVIBPSSMHJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ca+2].[Ti+4] WEUCVIBPSSMHJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010349 cathodic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001218 confocal laser scanning microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- MECMQNITHCOSAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Mn] MECMQNITHCOSAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011185 multilayer composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004792 oxidative damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
- H01M8/2475—Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2484—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by external manifolds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
본 발명의 특징들은 예시 목적으로 선택되고 첨부 도면에 도시된 발명 및 그 예시적인 실시형태에 대한 상세한 설명으로부터 최상으로 이해될 것이다.
도 1은 본 발명에 따른 제1의 예시적인 SOFC 시스템의 개략도이다.
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 SOFC 시스템의 예시적인 핫존의 개략도이다.
도 3은 본 발명에 따른 SOFC 시스템의 예시적인 연료 흐름 경로의 개략도이다.
도 4는 본 발명에 따른 SOFC 시스템의 예시적인 공기 흐름 경로의 개략도이다.
도 5a는 본 발명에 따른 SOFC 시스템의 제1의 예시적인 핫존 외벽을 통해 취한 단면도이다.
도 5b는 본 발명에 따른 SOFC 시스템의 제2의 예시적인 핫존 외벽을 통해 취한 단면도이다.
도 5c는 본 발명에 따른 SOFC 시스템의 서멀 매스(thermally conductive mass)를 포함한 예시적인 하부관 지지 벽을 통해 취한 단면도이다.
도 5d는 본 발명에 따른 SOFC 시스템의 서멀 매스를 포함한 예시적인 연소 영역 단부벽을 통해 취한 단면도이다.
도 5e는 본 발명에 따른 SOFC 시스템의 서멀 매스를 포함한 예시적인 연소 영역 하부 벽을 통해 취한 단면도이다.
도 6은 본 발명에 따른 2개의 동심원 패턴으로 배열된 복수의 봉형 연료 전지를 가진 SOFC 시스템의 개략 상부 단면도이다.
| 용어 | 정의 |
| 하스텔로이 | 금속 니켈을 주성분으로 하고 몰리브덴, 크롬, 코발트, 철, 구리, 망간 티탄, 지르코늄, 알루미늄 및 텅스텐을 상이한 비율(일부 합금에서는 0)로 함유한 합금 그룹. 하스텔로이 합금은 고온에서 및/또는 심각한 부식 환경에 알맞은 고응력에서 효과적으로 견디기 위해 주로 사용된다. 미국 인디애나주 코코모에 소재하는 하네스 인터내셔널 인크.로부터 입수 가능하다. |
| 모넬 | 최대 67%의 금속 니켈 및 약 30%의 구리를 소량의 철, 망간, 탄소 및 규소와 함께 함유한 합금 그룹. 모넬은 그 내부식성 때문에 사용된다. 미국 뉴욕주 뉴하트포드에 소재하는 스페셜 메탈즈 코포레이션으로부터 입수 가능하다. |
| SOFC | 고체 산화물 연료 전지(Solid Oxide Fuel Cell) |
| 인코넬 | 니켈 40-70%, 크롬 14-30%, 철 3-9%, 망간 0.3-1%와 함께 규소, 탄소, 유황 및 기타 요소를 포함하고 광범위한 온도에 걸친 그 내산화성, 내부식성 및 강도 때문에 사용되는 오스테나이틱 니켈-크롬 합금 계열. 가열된 때, 인코넬은 표면을 추가의 공격으로부터 보호하는 두껍고 안정된 부동태화 산화물층을 형성한다. 크리프(creep)를 줄이는 고온 응용에 매력적이다. 미국 뉴욕주 뉴하트포드에 소재하는 스페셜 메탈즈 코포레이션으로부터 입수 가능하다. |
| 서멧 | 세라믹과 소결 금속으로 이루어진 내열성 재료의 임의의 부류. 때때로 세라믹 옥사이드 혼합물처럼 형성 및 소결되고, 옥사이드 세라믹으로부터 금속상으로의 환원을 통해 변환된다. (NiO-YSZ → Ni-YSZ) |
| 페로브스카이트 | 칼슘 티탄 산화물(CaTiO3)과 동일 유형의 결정 구조인 일반 구조 A[12]B[6]X-3 [6]을 가진 삼상 물질 |
Claims (8)
- 고체 산화물 연료 전지 (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, SOFC) 시스템에 있어서,
핫존 공동(hot zone cavity)을 규정하도록 형성된 핫존 엔클로저 벽들;
상기 핫존 공동 내부에 배치된 하나 이상의 연료 전지를 포함하는 신장된(elongated) SOFC 스택;
상기 핫존 엔클로저 벽들에 부착된 서멀 매스 요소(thermal mass element)
를 포함하고,
상기 서멀 매스 요소 및 상기 핫존 엔클로저 벽들은, 열 전도에 의해 상기 신장된 SOFC 스택의 길이를 따라 온도의 균형을 맞추고 안정화하기 위하여, 상기 핫존 엔클로저 벽들을 통해 하나 이상의 열 전도 경로를 제공하도록 구성되며,
상기 서멀 매스 요소는 노출된 표면들 상에서 보호 코팅층에 의해 보호되는, 높은 열전도율을 갖는 제1 재료로 제조되고, 상기 제1 재료는 350℃ 보다 높은 온도에서 100W/(m°K)보다 큰 열전도율을 갖는 것인, 고체 산화물 연료 전지 시스템. - 제1항에 있어서, 복열기(recuperator) 챔버의 단부 벽이기도 한 단부 벽 부분을 포함하는 테일 가스 연소기를 더 포함하며, 상기 단부 벽이 제2 서멀 매스 요소를 포함하여, 상기 테일 가스 연소기를 빠져나가는 연소 부산물들이 상기 제2 서멀 매스 요소 위로 흘러, 상기 복열기 챔버를 둘러싸는 상기 핫존 엔클로저 벽들을 추가로 가열하도록 하는 것인, 고체 산화물 연료 전지 시스템.
- 열 에너지 관리를 위한 방법에 있어서,
350°C 초과의 온도에서 100W/(m°K)보다 큰 열전도 계수를 갖는 코어 재료 층으로 형성된 핫존 엔클로저 벽들에 의해 형성된 핫존 공동 내부에 하나 이상의 연료 전지를 포함하는 SOFC 스택을 봉입하는 단계;
테일 가스 연소기 영역 내부에서 소비후 연료와 소비후 캐소드 공기의 혼합물을 연소하는 단계로서, 상기 테일 가스 연소기 영역은 상기 핫존 공동 내부에 있는 것인, 혼합물을 연소하는 단계;
상기 테일 가스 연소기 영역 내부에서 연소하는 소비후 연료와 소비후 캐소드 공기의 상기 혼합물로부터 열 에너지를 열 대류에 의해 상기 핫존 엔클로저 벽들의 표면들로 전달하는 단계; 및
상기 코어 재료 층을 통한 열 전도에 의해, 열 에너지를 상기 핫존 엔클로저 벽들의 표면들로부터 다른 표면들로 전달하는 단계
를 포함하는, 열 에너지 관리를 위한 방법. - 고체 산화물 연료 전지 (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, SOFC) 시스템에 있어서,
핫존 공동을 봉입하도록 배치되고, 핫존 엔클로저 벽들의 상이한 영역들 사이에서 연장되는 하나 이상의 열 전도 경로를 제공하도록 형성되는 핫존 엔클로저 벽들;
상기 핫존 공동 내부에 형성되고, 대향하는 상부 및 하부 캐소드 챔버 단부 벽들에 의해 그리고 상기 핫존 공동의 내부 표면들에 의해 획정되는 캐소드 챔버;
상기 캐소드 챔버 내부에 배치된 하나 이상의 연료 전지를 포함하는 SOFC 연료 전지 스택; 및
상기 핫존 엔클로저 벽들과 열 전도식으로 연통하는, 상기 핫존 내부에 배치된 적어도 하나의 서멀 매스 요소(thermal mass element)
를 포함하고,
상기 핫존 엔클로저 벽들 및 상기 적어도 하나의 서멀 매스 요소는 350°C 초과의 온도에서 각각 100W/(m°K)보다 큰 열전도율을 갖는 하나 이상의 제1 재료로 제조된 코어 층을 포함하고,
상기 핫존 엔클로저 벽들의 노출된 표면들 및 상기 서멀 매스 요소의 노출된 표면들은 상기 하나 이상의 제1 재료와는 상이한 제2 재료를 포함하는 보호재 층에 의해 산소 노출로부터 보호되는 것인, 고체 산화물 연료 전지 시스템. - 제4항에 있어서, 상기 하나 이상의 제1 재료는 구리를 포함하고 상기 제2 재료는 니켈 도금층을 포함하는 것인, 고체 산화물 연료 전지 시스템.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 하나 이상의 제1 재료는 구리, 몰리브덴, 알루미늄 및 구리, 그리고 구리 및 니켈 중의 어느 하나를 포함하는 금속 합금을 포함하는 것인, 고체 산화물 연료 전지 시스템.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 핫존 엔클로저 벽들의 노출된 표면들 및 상기 서멀 매스 요소의 노출된 표면들은, 클래딩(cladding) 프로세스에 의해 상기 노출된 표면들과 함께 접합되는 상기 보호재 층에 의해 산소 노출로부터 보호되는 것인, 고체 산화물 연료 전지 시스템.
- 고체 산화물 연료 전지 (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, SOFC) 시스템에 있어서,
핫존 공동을 봉입하도록 배치된 복수의 핫존 엔클로저 벽들;
상기 핫존 공동 내부에 배치된 하나 이상의 연료 전지를 포함하는 SOFC 스택 - 상기 복수의 핫존 엔클로저 벽들 각각은 상기 복수의 핫존 엔클로저 벽들 중의 적어도 다른 하나와 열 전도식으로 연통하며, 350℃ 보다 높은 온도에서 100W/(m°K)보다 큰 열전도율을 가진 하나 이상의 제1 재료로 제조됨 - ; 및
상기 하나 이상의 제1 재료의 산화를 방지하기 위해 상기 제1 재료 위에 도포된, 상기 하나 이상의 제1 재료와는 상이한 제2 재료를 포함하는 제1 보호재 층
을 포함하는, 고체 산화물 연료 전지 시스템.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020177011786A KR102320128B1 (ko) | 2014-10-07 | 2014-10-07 | Sofc-전도 |
| PCT/US2014/059447 WO2016057026A1 (en) | 2014-10-07 | 2014-10-07 | Sofc-conduction |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| KR1020177011786A Division KR102320128B1 (ko) | 2014-10-07 | 2014-10-07 | Sofc-전도 |
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| KR20210134071A KR20210134071A (ko) | 2021-11-08 |
| KR102481589B1 true KR102481589B1 (ko) | 2022-12-26 |
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| KR1020177011786A Active KR102320128B1 (ko) | 2014-10-07 | 2014-10-07 | Sofc-전도 |
| KR1020217034840A Active KR102481589B1 (ko) | 2014-10-07 | 2014-10-07 | Sofc-전도 |
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| US (4) | US10446858B2 (ko) |
| EP (1) | EP3204975A4 (ko) |
| JP (1) | JP6543340B2 (ko) |
| KR (2) | KR102320128B1 (ko) |
| CN (1) | CN106797044B (ko) |
| AU (1) | AU2014408260B2 (ko) |
| CA (1) | CA2963775C (ko) |
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| JP6543340B2 (ja) | 2019-07-10 |
| US11784331B2 (en) | 2023-10-10 |
| US20230411647A1 (en) | 2023-12-21 |
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| US20210167406A1 (en) | 2021-06-03 |
| CN106797044A (zh) | 2017-05-31 |
| SG11201702330XA (en) | 2017-04-27 |
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