KR102546194B1 - 간 유사 장기 조성물 및 이를 제조 및 사용하는 방법 - Google Patents
간 유사 장기 조성물 및 이를 제조 및 사용하는 방법 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
본 특허 또는 출원 파일에는 컬러로 실행된 도면이 하나 이상 포함되어 있다. 컬러 도면이 있는 이 특허 또는 특허 출원 간행물의 사본은 요청 및 필요 수수료의 지불 시 사무소가 제공한다.
도 1. 내강 구조를 가진 iPSC로부터 인간의 간 유사 장기의 생성. A. 간 유사 장기의 분화 방법의 개요. B. 인간 간 유사 장기의 위상 대비 영상. C. 유사장기에서의 알부민(ALB), 타입 IV 콜라겐(콜라겐 IV) 및 ZO-1에 대한 면역염색. 핵은 해마톡실린(파란색)으로 염색되었다. 막대, 50μm. D. 미분화 상태의 iPS 세포, 분화 7 일, 11 일, 20 일 및 30 일차의 유사장기 및 간세포(PH)에서의 알파 태아 단백(AFP), 알부민(ALB), 레티놀 결합 단백질 4(RBP4), 사이토 케라틴 19(CK19), 간세포 핵 인자 6(HNF6) 및 시토크롬 P450 3A4(CYP3A4)의 정량적 RT-PCR. 상대적인 발현 값을 미분화 iPSC(AFP, ALB, RBP4 및 CK19) 또는 7 일차 유사장기(HNF6) 또는 11 일차 유사장기(CYP3A4)와 비교하였다. 막대는 평균 ± SD, n = 3을 나타낸다. E. 미분화된 iPS 세포(iPSC), 최종 내배엽(DE), 간 지정 세포(HS), 간 전구세포(HP), iPSC 유래 담관세포(iDC), 정상 인간의 담관세포(NHC), iPSC 유래 후부 연조직(pFG), iPSC 유래 인간 간 유사 장기, 1차 간세포, 태아 간 조직, 간 조직 및 인간 간 우엽에서 RNA 서열 데이터를 기반으로 한 주요 구성 요소 분석. F. 25~30일차 유사장기에서 알부민(ALB, n = 10) 및 피브리노겐(FBG, n = 4)의 분비 수준. 막대는 평균 ± SEM을 나타낸다. G. 25~30 일차 유사장기의 보완 인자 분비 수준. FH: 인자 H, FB: 인자 B. 막대는 평균 ± SEM, n = 5를 나타낸다.
도 2. 인간 iPSC 간 유사 장기에서 담즙산 합성, 흡입 및 배출. A. 단일 유사장기 내에서 다중약물 내성 관련 단백질 2(MRP2)와 담즙 배출 펌프(BSEP)에 대한 면역 염색. 막대, 50μm. B. 미세융모(V) 내강 내 표면을 보여주는 유사장기의 투과 전자 현미경 사진; N: 핵. 막대, 10μm. B. 미분화 iPSCs, 분화 20일차(NTCP) 및 30일차(ABCB11) 유사장기 및 1 차 간세포(PH)에서의 ATP- 결합 카세트, 하위 계열 B 구성원 11(ABCB11) 및 나트륨 타우로콜레이트 동시 수송 폴리펩티드(NTCP)의 정량적 RT-PCR. 상대 발현값을 미분화 iPS 세포(ABCB11) 또는 11일차 유사장기(NTCP)와 비교하였다. 막대는 평균 ± SD, n = 3을 나타낸다. D. 27 일차 유사장기 내 총 담즙산 분비 수준. 막대는 평균 ± SEM, n = 4를 나타낸다. E. 형광 담즙산(CGamF)의 존재 하에 배양 30분 후 유사장기에 의한 담즙산 흡입. F. 4 가지 iPSC 세포주에서 유래된 유사장기 상의 CLF 수송 활성. T, W, 1 및 F는 iPS 세포주의 클론 이름을 나타낸다. 녹색: CLF.
도 3. 보센탄 유도 담즙 정체는 CYP2C9*2 iPSC-간 유사 장기에 특이적이다. A. CYP2C9*2의 rs1799853 및 UGT1A1*6의 rs4148323의 대표적인 대립 유전자 이미지는 각각 보센탄과 이리노테칸에 의한 DILI에 대한 위험 SNP를 보여준다. 이 표는 각 iPS 세포주에서 위험 대립 유전자를 소유하고 있음을 나타낸다. B. 보센탄에 의한 CLF 수송 활동 및 억제 이미지. C. 상이한 4가지 iPS 세포주에서 유래한 개별 유사장기의 CLF 강도 수준. *: p <0.01, **: p <1E-4, *: p <1E-8, Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney Test. NS: 유의하지 않음. 상자 도에서 상자의 위쪽과 아래쪽은 75 번째와 25 번째 백분위수를 나타내며 가운데 줄은 중간을 나타낸다. 점은 각 유사장기의 데이터를 나타낸다.
도 4. 유사장기를 이용한 고 충실도 약물 유도 담즙 정체 모델. A. 유사장기의 외부에서 내부로 플루오레스세인 디아세테이트 의 유출에 대한 연속 이미지. B. 플루오레세인 디아세테이트 유출 수송의 비교. C. 유사장기로의 플루오레스세인 디아세테이트 유출 수송의 정량화. 실시예 좌측 이미지는 유사장기 내부 및 외부에서의 형광 강도의 정량화된 비율이었다. 오른쪽 그래프는 대조군(DMSO), 사이클로스포린 A(CSA) 및 스트렙토마이신(STP)을 음성 대조군으로 사용한 검증 연구 결과를 나타낸다. 막대는 평균 ± SD를 나타내며, **: p <0.01, n = 4. D. 24 시간 동안 9 가지 훈련 화합물의 처리 후, 플루오레세인 디아세테이트 수송 억제의 이미지. 훈련 화합물 치료 후 수송 억제의 정량화, 막대는 평균 ± SD를 나타낸다, *: p <0.05, **: p <0.01, n = 4~6. 훈련 화합물 치료 후mMP 변화의 정량화, 막대는 평균 ± SD를 나타내며, *: p <0.05, **: p <0.01, n = 4~5. CON: 대조군 샘플, STP: 스트렙토마이신, TOL: 톨카폰, DICLO: 디클로페낙, BOS: 보센탄, CSA: 사이클로스포린 A.
도 5. 고 충실도 약물은 유사장기를 사용하여 미토콘드리아 독성 검사를 유발하였다. A. 9 가지 훈련 화합물 치료 후 TMRM상에서 미토콘드리아 막 전위(MMP) 이미지. 낮은 것: 훈련 화합물 치료 후 수송 억제의 정량화, 막대는 평균 ± 표준 편차를 나타내며, *: p <0.05, **: p <0.01, n = 4~6. C. 훈련 화합물 치료 후mMP 변화의 정량화, 막대는 평균 ± SD를 나타내며, *: p <0.05, **: p <0.01, n = 4~5. CON: 대조군 샘플, STP: 스트렙토마이신, TOL: 톨카폰, DICLO: 디클로페낙, BOS: 보센탄, CSA: 사이클로스포린 A, TRO: 트로글리타존, NEFA: 네파조돈, ENTA: 엔타카폰, PIO: 피오글리타존. B. Oorts., et al 2016(Oorts et al., 2016)에 언급된 9 가지 훈련 화합물(TC)의 분류. A등급은 생체 내 DILI에 대한 알려진 보고가 있는 TC를 나타내는 반면, B 등급의 화합물들은 약물 유발성 담즙 정체에 대한 보고가 있는 TC이다. 문헌 자료에 근거한 독성의 기전도 제공된다. C 등급 화합물은 일반적으로 DILI에 대해 안전하다고 간주된다. C. 약물 치료 후 72 시간 생존율과 이중 위험 인자, 약물 유도 담즙 정체 가능성 및 미토콘드리아 독성 잠재성 사이의 분석. 담즙 정체증 및 미토콘드리아 독성(Mito-tox) 지수가 도 3의 데이터에서 유도되었다. 원의 크기는 생존력의 크기가 감소함을 나타낸다.
도 6. NAC 노출로 구한 취약한 환경에서 약물 유발 간 손상 모델링. A. 취약한 유사장기 모델에서 약물 유도 세포 독성 평가의 개요. B. 지질 축적에 대한 취약한 모델의 프로파일링(파란색: 핵, 녹색: 지질, 빨간색: F- 악틴). C ROS 생산(파란색: 핵, 녹색: ROS) 및 D. 미토콘드리아 건강(파란색: 핵, 빨간색: 미토콘드리아). 약물 치료 후 24 시간에 유사장기의 이미지. F. 지질 축적-유도 취약한 유사장기 모델에서 생존 가능성 평가. 막대는 평균 ± 표준 편차(SD)를 나타내며, *: p <0.05, n = 5~6. CON: 대조군, STP: 스트렙토 마이신, TRO: 트로글리타존, NAC: N-아세틸 시스테인.
도 7. 독성 예측을 위한 다중 간 유사 장기 기반 검사
도 8. 레티노산 처리 프로토콜의 최적화 A. 레티노산 처리의 타이밍 및 지속 기간에 대한 계획. RA: 레티노산, HCM: 간세포 배양 배지. B. RA 처리의 상이한 지속 기간에서 25일차 유사장기에서의 알부민 분비 수준.
도 9. 20일차 유사장기의 형태학. 20일차 유사장기의 총 수는 305이었다. 내강이 있는 유사장기: 216개, 내강이 없는 유사장기: 89개.
도 10. 유사장기에서 세포의 수를 결정하는 전환 수식. A. 단일 유사장기의 위상 대비 이미지. B. 각 단일 유사장기의 직경과 세포 수. C. 단일 유사장기에서 직경과 세포 수 사이의 상관 관계.
도 11 - 도 4의 보충도. 다수의 PSC 세포주에서 유사장기 생성. 상이한 iPS 세포주(317D6 및 1383D6) 유래 유사장기의 위상 대비 영상 및 알부민 분비 수준.
도 12. 화합물 10 개를 처리 한 후 24 시간 째의 세포 생존력. 지질 축적-유도 취약 유사장기 모델에서 생존력 평가. CON: 대조군 샘플, STP: 스트렙토마이신, TOL: 톨카폰, DICLO: 디클로페낙, AMIO: 아미오다론, BOS: 보센탄, CSA: 사이클로스포린 A, TRO: 트로글리타존, NEFA: 네파조돈, ENTA: 엔타카폰, PIO: 피오글리타존. 막대는 평균 ± SD, n = 4~6을 나타낸다.
도 13. 지질독성 간 유사 장기에서 ROS 생산과 미토콘드리아의 형태학적 변화 A. 지질 축적-유도 취약한 유사장기 모델에서 800μm 올레산(OA) 처리로 인한 총 세포에서 ROS를 생성하는 세포 수의 비율. B. 취약한 유사장기 모델에서 유사장기 내 미토콘드리아의 이미지. 빨간색: 미토콘드리아, 자주색: F-액틴, 파란색: 핵. C. 취약한 유사장기 모델에서 미토콘드리아의 수와 크기. 막대는 평균 ± 표준 편차를 나타내며, *: p <0.05, n = 5~6.
도 14. 세포 무-마트리겔 방법(Cell Matrigel-Free Method)의 도식. 유사장기 생성을 위해 마트리겔을 사용하지 않는 간 유사 장기 생성 방법에 대한 도식이 표시된다.
Claims (32)
- 간 유사 장기의 형성을 유도하는 방법으로서,
a) 후궁 전장 회전 타원체(posterior foregut spheroids)를 형성하기에 충분한 기간 동안, 최종 내배엽을 FGF 경로 활성제 및 GSK3 억제제와 접촉시키는 단계;
b) 1일 내지 5일 동안 레티노산(RA)의 존재 하에 상기 단계 a)의 상기 후궁 전장 회전 타원체를 배양하여, 상기 간 유사 장기를 형성하는 단계를 포함하고,
상기 간 유사 장기가 알부민 분비를 특징으로 하고, 상기 간 유사 장기가 중간엽 세포를 포함하는 내인성 미세융모를 포함하는 내강 구조를 포함하고, 이때 상기 내강 구조가 분극화된 간세포 및 기저막으로 둘러싸여 있는 것인, 간 유사 장기의 형성을 유도하는 방법. - 제1항에 있어서, 상기 최종 내배엽이 다능성 줄기 세포로부터 유래되는 것인 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 다능성 줄기 세포가 배아 줄기 세포 또는 유도된 다능성 줄기 세포인 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 후궁 전장 회전 타원체를 형성하기에 충분한 기간이 1 일 내지 3일이고, 상기 방법이 단계 b)의 상기 간 유사 장기를 간세포 배양 배지와 함께 10일 내지 15일 동안 배양하여 상기 간 유사 장기를 성숙시키는 단계를 추가로 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 전장 회전 타원체가 기저막 매트릭스에 내포되는 것인 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서, 상기 기저막 매트릭스가 마트리겔인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 간 유사 장기가 알파-페토 단백질(AFP), 알부민(ALB), 레티놀 결합 단백질(RBP4), 사이토케라틴 19(CK19), 간세포 핵 인자 6(HNF6) 및 시토크롬 P450 3A4(CYP3A4), HNF4a, E-카데린, DAPI 및 상피세포접착분자(Epcam)을 발현하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 간 유사 장기가 담즙 수송 활성을 갖는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 간 유사 장기가 담즙 생성 능력, 담즙 수송활성, 적어도 50ng/mL/1xe6 세포/24 시간의 보체 인자 H 발현, 적어도 40ng/mL/1xe6 세포/24 시간의 보체 인자 B, 적어도 1,000ng/mL/1xe6 세포/24 시간의 C3 발현; 적어도 1,000ng/mL/1xe6 세포/24 시간의 C4 발현, 적어도 1,000ng/mL/1xe6 세포/24 시간의 피브리노겐 생산 및 적어도 1,000ng/mL/1xe6 세포/24 시간의 알부민 생산 중 하나 이상을 갖는 것이 특징인 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 간 유사 장기가 적어도 10,000ng/mL/1xe6 세포/24 시간의 총 간 단백질 발현을 갖는 것이 특징인 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 간 유사 장기가 PROX1, RBP4, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, ABCC11, CFH, C3, C5, ALB, FBG, MRP2, ALCAM, CD68, CD34, CD31에서 선택된 하나 이상의 유전자를 발현하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 및 제6항 내지 제12항 중의 어느 한 항의 방법에 의해 생성된 간 유사 장기.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 간 유사 장기가 다능성 줄기 세포로부터 유래되는 것인 간 유사 장기.
- 제14항에 있어서, 상기 다능성 줄기 세포가 인간 유도된 다능성 줄기 세포인 것인 간 유사 장기.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 간 유사 장기가 기능성 별 모양 세포 및 기능적 쿠퍼 세포(Kupffer cell)를 포함하는 것인 간 유사 장기.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 간 유사 장기가 담즙 생성 능력, 담즙 수송활성, 적어도 50ng/mL/1xe6 세포/24 시간의 보체 인자 H 발현, 적어도 40ng/mL/1xe6 세포/24 시간의 보체 인자 B, 적어도 1,000ng/mL/1xe6 세포/24 시간의 C3 발현; 적어도 1,000ng/mL/1xe6 세포/24 시간의 C4 발현, 적어도 1,000ng/mL/1xe6 세포/24 시간의 피브리노겐 생산 및 적어도 1,000ng/mL/1xe6 세포/24 시간의 알부민 생산 중 하나 이상을 갖는 것이 특징인 것인 간 유사 장기.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 간 유사 장기가 적어도 10,000ng/mL/1xe6 세포/24 시간의 총 간 단백질 발현을 갖는 것이 특징인 것인 간 유사 장기.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 간 유사 장기가 PROX1, RBP4, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, ABCC11, CFH, C3, C5, ALB, FBG, MRP2, ALCAM, CD68, CD34, CD31에서 선택된 하나 이상의 유전자를 발현하는 것인 간 유사 장기.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 간 유사 장기가 약물 대사 시토크롬 변형체를 포함하는 것인 간 유사 장기.
- 제20항에 있어서, 상기 약물 대사 시토크롬 변형체가 CYP2C9*2 변형체인 간 유사 장기.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 간 유사 장기가 염증 세포 또는 염증성 분비 단백질을 포함하지 않는 것인 간 유사 장기.
- 관심 대상 약물을 제13항의 간 유사 장기와 접촉시키는 단계를 포함하는, 간 기능 부전 또는 약물 유도 간 손상(DILI)로부터 선택된 심각한 이상 반응(SAE)을 검사(screening)하는 시험관내(in vitro) 방법.
- 제23항에 있어서, 상기 방법이 플루오레세인 디아세테이트(FD)의 흡입 또는 유출을 측정하는 단계를 포함하되, 유출 장애가 상기 약물이 상기 심각한 이상 반응을 유발할 가능성이 있음을 나타내는 것인 방법.
- 제23항에 있어서, 상기 관심 대상 약물의 독성이 미토콘드리아 막 전위, ROS의 측정, 간 미토콘드리아의 팽창 및 이들의 조합에서 선택된 매개 변수의 측정에 의해 결정되되, 상기 미토콘드리아에 대한 손상이 상기 약물이 상기 심각한 이상 반응을 유발할 수 있음을 나타내는 것인 방법.
- 제23항에 있어서, 상기 방법이 유사 장기 생존능력을 분석하는 단계를 포함하되, 손상된 유사 장기 생존능력 결정은 상기 약물이 상기 심각한 이상 반응을 유발할 수 있음을 나타내는 것인 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서, 개체에서 간 손상을 치료하는데 사용하기 위한 간 유사 장기.
- 제27항에 있어서, 상기 간 손상이 신진 대사성 간 질환, 말기 간 질환 또는 이들의 조합에서 선택되는 것인 간 유사 장기.
- 제13항의 간 유사 장기를 후보 화합물과 접촉시키는 단계를 포함하되, 상기 간 유사 장기가 관심 대상 iPSC에서 유래된 것인, 개체에 대한 바람직한 치료제를 식별하는 시험관내(in vitro) 방법.
- 제29항에 있어서, 상기 관심 대상 iPSC가 상기 개체에서 발견된 하나 이상의 돌연변이를 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제29항에 있어서, 상기 관심 대상 iPSC가 상기 개체와 동일한 인종 배경을 갖는 대상체에서 유래되는 것인 방법.
- 제29항에 있어서, 상기 관심 대상 iPSC가 상기 개체에서 유래된 것인 방법.
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| US20220275341A1 (en) | 2019-08-28 | 2022-09-01 | Children's Hospital Medical Center | Organoid mesoderm lineage diversification |
| WO2021087508A1 (en) | 2019-10-28 | 2021-05-06 | Children's Hospital Medical Center | Methods relating to sepsis associated acute kidney injury |
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| US12188051B2 (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2025-01-07 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Compositions and methods for obtaining vascularized human intestinal organoid tissue, and related uses thereof |
| CN116234923A (zh) | 2020-06-23 | 2023-06-06 | 儿童医院医学中心 | 胰岛素抵抗模型 |
| WO2022261471A2 (en) | 2021-06-11 | 2022-12-15 | Children’S Hospital Medical Center | Liver organoid model for hyperbilirubinemia and methods of making and using same |
| AU2022328791A1 (en) | 2021-08-19 | 2024-02-29 | Children’S Hospital Medical Center | Vascularized organoids |
| WO2023030158A1 (en) | 2021-08-30 | 2023-03-09 | Versitech Limited | Alveolar organoids, methods of making and uses thereof |
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| WO2015183920A2 (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2015-12-03 | Children's Hospital Medical Center | Methods and systems for converting precursor cells into gastric tissues through directed differentiation |
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