KR20040100002A - Color Polarizer and Reflective liquid Crystal Display Device Using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a color polarizing plate having the functions of a color filter and a polarizing plate at the same time and a reflective liquid crystal display using the same.

The color polarizing plate of the present invention has a diameter of 1/2 of a predetermined wavelength of visible light on a substrate, and a plurality of grids in which metal photonic crystal spheres reflecting light of the predetermined wavelength are formed in one direction at a diameter interval of the metal photonic crystal sphere. Characterized by being spaced apart. In addition, the reflective liquid crystal display of the present invention includes upper and lower substrates, thin film transistors formed in pixel regions on the upper substrate, pixel electrodes electrically connected to the thin film transistors, and thin films on the upper substrate. A plurality of metal photonic crystal spheres having a diameter of 1/2 of the predetermined wavelength are formed in one direction to reflect light of a predetermined wavelength to a portion of the light blocking layer formed to cover the transistor and a portion corresponding to the pixel region on the lower substrate. It is characterized in that the grid comprises a color polarizing plate formed by separating the grid of the metal light crystal sphere.

Description

Color polarizer and reflective liquid crystal display device using the same

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display, and in particular, a color filter using a property in which a nano-based metal photonic crystal ball polarizes light of a predetermined wavelength in a direction in which the metal photonic crystal ball is formed in a grid. And a color polarizing plate having the functions of a polarizing plate and a reflective liquid crystal display using the same.

As the information society develops, the demand for display devices is increasing in various forms, and in recent years, liquid crystal display devices (LCDs), plasma display panels (PDPs), electro luminescent displays (ELD), and vacuum fluorescent (VFD) Various flat panel display devices such as displays have been studied, and some of them are already used as display devices in various devices.

Among them, LCD is the most widely used as the substitute for CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) for mobile image display device because of its excellent image quality, light weight, thinness, and low power consumption. In addition to the use of the present invention has been developed in various ways such as a television and a computer monitor for receiving and displaying broadcast signals.

In order to use such a liquid crystal display as a general screen display device in various parts, it is a matter of how high quality images such as high definition, high brightness and large area can be realized while maintaining the characteristics of light weight, thinness and low power consumption. Can be.

A general liquid crystal display device may be largely divided into a liquid crystal panel displaying an image and a driving unit for applying a driving signal to the liquid crystal panel, wherein the liquid crystal panel includes first and second glass substrates bonded to each other with a predetermined space; It consists of a liquid crystal layer injected between the said 1st, 2nd glass substrate.

Here, the first glass substrate (TFT array substrate) has a plurality of gate lines arranged in one direction at regular intervals, a plurality of data lines arranged at regular intervals in a direction perpendicular to the gate lines, A plurality of pixel electrodes formed in a matrix form in each pixel region defined by crossing a gate line and a data line, and a plurality of thin film transistors switched by signals of the gate line to transfer the signal of the data line to each pixel electrode. Is formed.

The second glass substrate (color filter substrate) includes a light shielding layer for blocking light in portions other than the pixel region, an R, G, and B color filter layers for expressing color colors, and a common electrode for implementing an image. Is formed.

The driving principle of the general liquid crystal display device uses the optical anisotropy and polarization property of the liquid crystal. Since the liquid crystal is thin and long in structure, the liquid crystal has directivity in the arrangement of molecules, and the direction of the arrangement of molecules can be controlled by artificially applying an electric field to the liquid crystal.

Therefore, when the molecular arrangement direction of the liquid crystal is arbitrarily adjusted, the molecular arrangement of the liquid crystal is changed, and light is refracted in the molecular arrangement direction of the liquid crystal by optical anisotropy, thereby representing image information.

Currently, an active matrix LCD, in which a thin film transistor and pixel electrodes connected to the thin film transistor are arranged in a matrix manner, is attracting the most attention due to its excellent resolution and ability to implement video.

Such a liquid crystal display may be classified into a transmissive liquid crystal display displaying an image using an external light source and a reflective liquid crystal display using natural light instead of the external light source. The reflection type liquid crystal display device has advantages of lower power consumption and better image display quality in outdoor than a transmissive liquid crystal display device. In addition, since the reflective liquid crystal display does not require a separate light source such as a backlight, a thin and light device can be realized.

However, the current reflective liquid crystal display device is used only for a limited device requiring only the display of numbers or simple characters because its display screen is dark and difficult to properly cope with high-definition display and color display. Therefore, in order to use the reflective liquid crystal display device as various electronic display devices, improvement of reflection efficiency, high definition, and colorization are required. In addition, proper brightness, fast response speed, and image contrast enhancement are also required.

Background Art [0002] In the reflective liquid crystal display device, the technique of improving the brightness has been advanced in the direction of increasing the reflection efficiency of the reflective electrode and combining the ultra-opening ratio technique. As such, a technique of forming fine irregularities in the reflective electrode to improve reflection efficiency is disclosed in US Patent No. 5,610,741 (name of the invention: Reflection type Liquid Crystal Display Device with bumps on the reflector).

Hereinafter, a conventional reflective liquid crystal display will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a plan view of a conventional reflective liquid crystal display device, and FIG. 2 is a structural cross-sectional view taken along line II ′ of FIG. 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, a conventional reflective liquid crystal display device is formed in a pixel region and a gate line 11 and a data line 12 that vertically intersect on a lower substrate (see 10 in FIG. 2) to define a pixel region. A thin film transistor including a gate electrode 11a, a semiconductor layer 14, and source / drain electrodes 12a and 12b at an intersection of the reflective electrode 13 and the gate line 11 and the data line 12, respectively. Is formed.

Here, the thin film transistor is a switching element, and operates to apply a data signal to the reflective electrode 13 by a switching signal applied to the gate electrode 11a.

In addition, the reflective electrode 13 is formed of an opaque metal such as aluminum (Al) or silver (Ag) having high reflectivity, and thus external light, that is, light incident through the upper substrate (see 20 in FIG. 2). It serves to reflect.

Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing a conventional reflective liquid crystal display will be described with reference to FIG. 2.

As shown in FIG. 2, the conventional reflective liquid crystal display device first includes a gate line (see 11 in FIG. 1) formed in one direction on the lower substrate 10 and a gate electrode 11a protruding from the gate line 11. To form.

Subsequently, a gate insulating layer 15 is formed on the entire lower substrate 10 including the gate electrode 11a.

Subsequently, an island-like semiconductor layer 14 is formed on the gate insulating layer 15 to overlap the gate electrode 11a.

Next, the data line 12 is formed in a direction perpendicular to the gate line 11, and source / drain electrodes 12a and 12b are formed to overlap both sides of the semiconductor layer 14 in the same process. The source electrode 12a is formed to protrude from the data line 12, and the drain electrode 12b is formed to be spaced apart from the source electrode 12b by a predetermined interval.

Subsequently, a passivation layer 16 is formed on the entire lower substrate 10 including the source / drain electrodes 12a and 12b.

Subsequently, the protective layer 16 is selectively removed to form a contact hole so that a predetermined portion of the drain electrode 12b is exposed, and then a reflective metal is deposited on the entire surface, and then patterned to electrically contact the drain electrode 12b. The reflective electrode 13 is formed to be connected.

Here, the reflective electrode 13 functions as a reflective electrode that reflects external light and also functions as a pixel electrode that is operated by receiving a data signal from the drain electrode 12b.

Next, a light blocking layer 21 for blocking light is formed on the upper substrate 20 facing the lower substrate 10 so as to correspond to a portion except the pixel area.

Subsequently, a color filter layer 22 is formed in each pixel area between the light blocking layers 21.

Next, the common electrode 23 is formed on the entire surface including the color filter layer 22.

In addition, a diffuser plate 24 is further formed on the rear surface of the upper substrate 20 to diffuse the reflection function of the reflective electrode 13 to increase light efficiency. This is because the brightness of the liquid crystal display device is not good as the light reflected by the reflective electrode 13 and emitted to the outside, so that a separate scattering plate 24 is attached to the upper portion of the upper substrate 20. By using the scattering property of light according to (24), a liquid crystal display device having high luminance can be manufactured.

The lower polarizer 41 and the upper surface of the liquid crystal panel on which the lower substrate 10 and the upper substrate 20 are bonded, that is, the rear surface of the lower substrate 10 and the back surface of the scattering plate 24, respectively. The polarizing plate 42 is formed.

Here, the positions of the upper polarizing plate 42 and the scattering plate 24 may be inverted up and down.

Since the reflective liquid crystal display device having such a structure needs to attach a separate scattering plate 24, it is difficult to obtain an ultra-thin liquid crystal display device, and there is a disadvantage in that the manufacturing cost of the liquid crystal display device is increased.

In order to compensate for the above disadvantages, the scattering plate 24 is omitted, and a reflection type liquid crystal display device having high light efficiency by providing irregularities to the reflective electrode itself has been proposed.

3 is a structural cross-sectional view of another conventional reflective liquid crystal display device.

As shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of recesses 18 are formed in the reflective electrode 13 to form diffused portions at predetermined intervals and diffusely reflect the incident external light.

In addition, except for the scattering plate 24 on the upper substrate 20 side, the same configuration as in the conventional reflective liquid crystal display of FIG. 2 was taken, and accordingly, the same reference numerals were given.

In the reflective liquid crystal display device having such a structure, the scattering plate may be omitted, but since the concave portion 18 that can be formed in one reflective electrode 13 is limited, there is a problem that the luminance is poor in the structure. have.

The conventional reflective liquid crystal display device has the following problems.

In order to use external light having a lower luminance than a transmissive liquid crystal display, a scattering plate for scattering light is required, or it is necessary to increase the area of the incident surface and the transmissive surface by giving irregularities to the reflective electrode itself.

However, in order to form a reflective electrode having scattering plates or irregularities as described above, there is a problem in that it is difficult to implement ultra-thin film or the process is complicated.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems by forming a nano-based metal photonic crystal sphere in the grid of the polarizing plate, the photonic crystal sphere uses a property of polarizing light of a predetermined wavelength in the grid direction Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a color polarizing plate having a function of a color filter and a polarizing plate at the same time, and a reflective liquid crystal display using the same.

1 is a plan view showing a conventional reflective liquid crystal display device

2 is a structural cross-sectional view taken along line II ′ of FIG. 1.

3 is a structural cross-sectional view of another conventional reflective liquid crystal display device;

4 is a plan view showing a reflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II 'of FIG. 4 according to the first embodiment of the reflective liquid crystal display of the present invention; FIG.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the color polarizer of FIG. 5. FIG.

7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II ′ of FIG. 4 according to the second embodiment of the reflective liquid crystal display of the present invention.

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

50: upper substrate 51: gate line

52: data line 53: pixel electrode

54 semiconductor layer 55 gate insulating layer

56 shading layer 57 planarization layer

60: lower substrate 61: color polarizing plate

61a, 61b, 61c: first, second and third metal light crystal spheres

70: liquid crystal layer 80: transparent film

81a, 81b, 81c: 1st, 2nd, 3rd grid 90: upper polarizing plate

The color polarizing plate of the present invention for achieving the above object has a plurality of grids of metal photonic crystal spheres having a diameter of 1/2 of a predetermined wavelength of visible light on the substrate and reflecting light of the predetermined wavelength in one direction. The metal photonic crystal sphere is characterized in that it is spaced apart at intervals.

The grid is formed in one direction by stacking the metal light crystal spheres in a plurality of layers.

The grid is formed by stacking the metal photonic crystal spheres in 5 to 10 layers.

The emulsion is mixed between metal photonic crystal spheres in the grid to maintain the grid shape.

The predetermined wavelength of the visible light is a wavelength of any one of red (R) light, green (G) light, and blue (B) light.

In addition, the color polarizing plate of the present invention for achieving the same object has a diameter of 1/2 of the wavelength of red light in the first region on the substrate and a plurality of grids in which the first metal photonic crystal spheres reflecting the red light are formed in one direction Is a red polarizer formed by separating the diameter of the first metal photonic crystal sphere, and the second metal photonic crystal spheres having a diameter of 1/2 of the green light wavelength in the second region on the substrate and reflecting the green light in one direction Green polarization parts formed by separating the formed plurality of grids to the diameter of the second metal light crystal spheres, and third metal light crystal spheres reflecting the blue light having a diameter of 1/2 of the blue light wavelength on a third region on a substrate; And a blue polarization part formed by separating the plurality of grids formed in one direction by the diameter of the third metal photonic crystal sphere. There are other features.

In addition, a reflective liquid crystal display device for achieving the object of the present invention, the upper and lower substrates facing each other, the thin film transistors formed for each pixel region on the upper substrate, the pixel electrodes electrically connected to each of the thin film transistors; And a light blocking layer formed to cover each thin film transistor on the upper substrate, and metal light having a diameter of 1/2 of the predetermined wavelength to reflect light having a predetermined wavelength on a portion corresponding to the pixel region on the lower substrate. Crystal spheres are characterized in that it comprises a color polarizing plate formed by separating a plurality of grids formed in one direction by the diameter of the metal light crystal sphere.

The color polarizing plate is provided with first, second, and third regions reflecting red light, green light, and blue light, respectively.

Metal light crystal spheres included in the grid in the first, second and third regions are uniform in size for each of the regions.

The grid is formed by stacking the metal photonic crystal spheres in 5 to 10 layers.

The emulsion is mixed between metal photonic crystal spheres in the grid to maintain the grid shape.

The color polarizer may include a plurality of grids each having a diameter of one-half the wavelength of red light in a first region on the lower substrate and having first metal photonic crystal spheres reflecting the red light in one direction, the diameter of the first metallic photonic crystal sphere. A plurality of grids each including a plurality of grids each having a red polarization part formed at a distance from each other and a second metal light crystal sphere reflecting the green light having a diameter of 1/2 of a green light wavelength in a second area on the lower substrate; A plurality of green polarization parts formed by separating the diameters of the metal light crystal spheres and the third metal light crystal spheres having a diameter of 1/2 of the blue light wavelength in the third region on the lower substrate and reflecting the blue light are formed in one direction. It characterized in that it comprises a green polarization portion formed by separating the grid to the diameter of the third metal photonic crystal sphere The.

In addition, the reflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention for achieving the same object has a diameter of 1/2 of the predetermined wavelength to reflect light of a predetermined wavelength for each pixel area on the upper and lower substrates facing each other and the lower substrate. A color polarizing plate formed by separating a plurality of grids having metal photonic crystal spheres in one direction with a diameter of the metal photonic crystal sphere, a planarization layer for planarizing a surface on the entire surface of the lower substrate including the color polarizing plate, and on the planarization layer And thin film transistors formed by the pixel regions, a pixel electrode electrically connected to each of the thin film transistors, and a light blocking layer formed to cover each thin film transistor on the upper substrate.

The color polarizer may include a plurality of grids each having a diameter of one-half the wavelength of red light in a first region on the lower substrate and having first metal photonic crystal spheres reflecting the red light in one direction, the diameter of the first metallic photonic crystal sphere. A plurality of grids each including a plurality of grids each having a red polarization part formed at a distance from each other and a second metal light crystal sphere reflecting the green light having a diameter of 1/2 of a green light wavelength in a second area on the lower substrate; A plurality of green polarization parts formed by separating the diameters of the metal light crystal spheres and the third metal light crystal spheres having a diameter of 1/2 of the blue light wavelength in the third region on the lower substrate and reflecting the blue light are formed in one direction. It comprises a green polarization portion formed by separating the grid to the diameter of the third crystal sphere.

Hereinafter, a color polarizer and a reflective liquid crystal display using the same according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

4 is a plan view illustrating the reflective liquid crystal display of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a structural cross-sectional view taken along line II to II 'of FIG. 4 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, the reflective liquid crystal display of the present invention includes a gate line 51 vertically intersecting on an upper substrate (see 50 in FIG. 5) or a lower substrate (see 60 in FIG. 5), and The gate electrode 51a, the semiconductor layer 54, and the source / drain at the intersection of the data line 52, the pixel electrode 53 formed in the pixel region, and the gate line 51 and the data line 52. Thin film transistors composed of electrodes 52a and 52b are formed.

The thin film transistor is a switching element, and operates to apply a data signal to the pixel electrode 53 by a switching signal applied to the gate electrode 51a.

In addition, the pixel electrode 53 is formed as a transparent electrode, so that the penetration of external light occurs at the pixel electrode 53 forming portion without affecting. Such a transparent electrode is formed of, for example, indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO).

Hereinafter, a reflective liquid crystal display device and a manufacturing method thereof according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention will be described.

5 is a structural cross-sectional view taken along line II-II 'of FIG. 4 according to the first embodiment of the reflective liquid crystal display of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the color polarizing plate of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 5, in the reflective liquid crystal display according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a metal light crystal is configured to reflect only light of a predetermined color in a predetermined direction when external light is incident on the lower substrate 60. A spherical color polarizing plate 61 is formed, and covers the thin film transistor TFT, the pixel electrode 53 electrically connected to the thin film transistor, and the thin film transistor TFT forming portion on the upper substrate 50. The light shielding layer 56 is formed.

The light blocking layer 56 may be formed on the thin film transistor TFT, but is formed before forming the thin film transistor TFT in consideration of planarization.

The planarization layer 57 is formed on the entire surface of the upper substrate 50 including the light blocking layer 56.

A gate line 51 formed in one direction and a gate electrode 51a protruding from the gate line 51 are formed on the upper substrate 50.

A gate insulating layer 55 is formed on the entire upper substrate 50 including the gate electrode 51a.

An island-like semiconductor layer 54 is formed on the gate insulating layer 55 so as to overlap the gate electrode 51a.

The data line 52 is formed in a direction perpendicular to the gate line 51, and source / drain electrodes 52a and 52b are formed on both sides of the semiconductor layer 54 in the same process. The source electrode 52a is formed to protrude from the data line 52, and the drain electrode 52b is formed to be spaced apart from the source electrode 52b by a predetermined interval.

The pixel electrode 53 is formed to overlap the predetermined portion of the drain electrode 52b.

An upper polarizer 90 is formed on a rear surface of the upper substrate 90 where the thin film transistor TFT is not formed.

The color polarizer 61 is formed on the front surface of the lower substrate 60 facing the upper substrate 50. The color polarizing plate 61 corresponds to regions of the pixel electrode 53 formed on the upper substrate 50 to be divided into regions 61a and 61b.

As illustrated in FIG. 6, the color polarizing plate 61 simultaneously functions as a color filter layer and a polarizing plate, and R (Red) and G () are sequentially formed on the transparent film 80 to correspond to each pixel electrode 53. Green, B (Blue) is made by mixing an emulsion (resin) to have a viscosity to the nano-particle metal photonic crystal ball having a predetermined photonic bandgap to transmit visible light of a predetermined color The first region 61a-R, the second region 61b-G, and the third region 61c-B are formed separately. The first region 61a is a red polarizer, the second region 61b is a green polarizer, and the third region 61c is a blue polarizer.

The first photonic crystal sphere 83a of the first region 61a is a photonic crystal sphere made of a metal material capable of reflecting red light, and has a diameter of 305 nm, which is half of 610 nm of the wavelength of red light. A plurality of first photonic crystal spheres 83a are formed in one direction to form a first grid 81a, and a plurality of first photonic crystal spheres 83a are spaced apart from each other at a diameter interval of the first photonic crystal sphere 83a. It is the 1st area 61a.

This is according to the Bragg condition (sinθ = λ / 2d), and when the incident angle θ of the light is 90 ° (vertical incidence) at the maximum, the particle having the half value of the wavelength λ of the incoming light is This is because the crystal reflects the total reflection.

Therefore, since the wavelength? Of the red light is 610 nm, in order to totally reflect only the red light, the photonic crystal sphere 83a having a diameter d of 305 nm is used in the first region 61a.

In the same principle, the second photonic crystal sphere 83b of the second region 61b is a photonic crystal sphere made of a metallic material capable of reflecting green light and has a diameter of 275 nm, which is half of the wavelength of green light. The plurality of second photonic crystal spheres 83b are formed in one direction to form the second grid 81b, and the plurality of second photonic crystal spheres 83b are spaced apart from each other at radial intervals of the second photonic crystal sphere 83b. It is the second area 61b.

In addition, the third photonic crystal sphere 83c of the third region 61a is a photonic crystal sphere made of a metal material capable of reflecting red light and has a diameter of 240 nm, which is half of 480 nm, which is a wavelength of blue light. The plurality of third photonic crystal spheres 83c are formed in one direction to form a third grid 81c, and the plurality of third photonic crystal spheres 83c are spaced apart from each other at radial intervals of the third photonic crystal sphere 83c. It is the 3rd area 61c.

Although the first, second, and third photonic crystal spheres 83a, 83b, and 83c of each of the regions are illustrated as being stacked in the drawing, the present invention is not limited thereto. You may also do it.

The color polarizer 61 has a height (Ha, Hb, Hc) of each of the grids (81a, 81b, 81c) to be formed for each of the first, second, and third regions (61a, 61b, 61c) and each region (61a). A mask (not shown) spaced by the diameters of the photonic crystal spheres 83a, 83b, and 83c for each of the photonic crystal spheres 61b and 61c is prepared, and the metal photonic crystal spheres are sputtered for each region to form a grid 81 in each direction. , 81b, 81c). In this case, an emulsion is mixed in a sputtering process to maintain the grid shape.

Here, although the color polarizing plate 61 is illustrated as having a transparent film 80, the transparent film 80 is omitted, and the metal photonic crystal sphere is sputtered directly on the lower substrate 60 through a mask. It can manufacture.

The first, second, and third regions 61a, 61b, and 61c are formed to be separated from each TFT forming portion. The first, second, and third regions 61a, 61b, and 61c may be formed in a connected shape, or may be formed separately from portions corresponding to the thin film transistor forming portions, as shown in the drawing.

Examples of the metal light crystal sphere described above may include aluminum powder and the like as metal particles capable of nanoparticles.

Meanwhile, after the upper and lower substrates 50 and 60 are attached to each other, the liquid crystal layer 70 is filled between the upper and lower substrates 50 and 60.

In the reflective liquid crystal display having the above structure, the light transmitted through the pixel electrode 53 is scattered on the surface of the color polarizing plate 61 which reflects a predetermined color in a predetermined direction, and thus each pixel electrode 53 Every time a predetermined color is transmitted to transmit light.

The pixel electrode 53 is a transparent electrode, and is formed of, for example, indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO).

The first, second, and third regions 61a, 61b, and 61c of the color polarizing plate 61 each have a metal photonic crystal sphere having a uniform size with an optical bandgap reflecting only light of a predetermined wavelength in a predetermined direction. Only the light having a predetermined wavelength is reflected upwards in the forming directions of the grids 81a, 81b, and 81c, and the light of the remaining wavelengths disappears due to destructive interference.

When the optical bandgaps of the metal light crystal spheres of the first, second, and third regions 61a, 61b, and 61c of the color polarizing plate 61 are matched to the wavelengths of R, G, and B, respectively, Therefore, 100% of each color can be reflected, so that the color can be expressed and can function as a scattering plate. In addition, since the first, second, and third regions 61a, 61b, and 61c have even reflectivity for each of the R, G, and B colors, there is no problem in the brightness difference according to the color.

In addition, since the polarizing plate is not formed on one substrate, the luminance may be improved.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II 'of FIG. 4 according to the second embodiment of the reflective liquid crystal display of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 7, in the reflective liquid crystal display according to the second embodiment, a thin film transistor TFT is formed on the lower substrate 60, unlike the first embodiment.

However, the color filter layer 61 is positioned below the thin film transistor TFT so that light incident from the outside through the pixel electrode 53 is reflected from the color polarizer 61 again in a predetermined direction. As a result, the reflection mode is implemented.

In the liquid crystal display according to the second exemplary embodiment, the color polarizer 61 is first formed on the lower substrate 60, and then a thin film transistor forming process is performed.

The light blocking layer 56 is formed on the upper substrate 50 to cover the thin film transistor.

Since the second embodiment has the same configuration as the first embodiment except that the thin film transistor TFT is formed on the lower substrate 60, the same reference numerals are given.

The color polarizing plate 61 having a metal photonic crystal sphere reflecting light of a predetermined wavelength in a predetermined direction has a property in which the metallic photonic crystal sphere reflects light of a predetermined wavelength in a predetermined direction, so that a separate reflecting plate or reflection No electrode is required, and light of a predetermined wavelength can be transmitted 100% without absorbing components, so that a scattering plate or the like for enhancing the light efficiency is not required, and a polarizing plate for reducing the amount of light by about 50% can be omitted from one substrate. In this way, an ultra-thin reflective liquid crystal display device can be realized by simplifying such a structure.

The reflective liquid crystal display of the present invention and a method of manufacturing the same have the following effects.

First, the reflection plate, the scattering plate, the lower polarizing plate, etc. are not required because the metal light crystallite particles are selectively reflected by controlling the size of the metal light crystal grains, and thus, the ultra-thin reflective liquid crystal display device can be realized.

Second, the metal photonic crystal ball is a nano particle that reflects light of a predetermined wavelength in a predetermined direction, and the light path is short due to the simplification of the structure, thereby increasing light efficiency.

Third, the color reflection is good because a general reflection type liquid crystal display device exhibits color by reflection of each photonic crystal sphere, unlike color reflection by absorption of a color filter.

Fourth, since the light scattered due to the characteristics of the particles of the metal light crystal ball, it is possible to implement a high viewing angle structure.

Claims (14)

Characterized in that the plurality of grids having a diameter of 1/2 of a predetermined wavelength of visible light on the substrate and formed with metal photonic crystal spheres reflecting light of the predetermined wavelength in one direction are spaced at a diameter interval of the metal photonic crystal sphere. Color polarizer. The method of claim 1, The grid is a color polarizing plate, characterized in that the metal light crystal spheres are laminated in a plurality of layers formed in one direction. The method of claim 2, The grid is a color polarizing plate, characterized in that the metal light crystal spheres are formed by laminating in 5 to 10 layers. According to claim 1, Color polarizer, characterized in that to maintain the grid form by mixing the emulsion between the metal light crystal spheres in the grid. The method of claim 1, The predetermined wavelength of the visible light is a wavelength of any one of red (R) light, green (G) light and blue (B) light. Red formed by separating a plurality of grids having a diameter of 1/2 of a red light wavelength in a first region on a substrate and having a plurality of grids formed with first metal photonic crystal spheres reflecting the red light in one direction with a diameter of the first metal photonic crystal sphere. Polarizers; A green is formed by separating a plurality of grids having a diameter of 1/2 of a green light wavelength in a second region on a substrate and having a plurality of grids formed in one direction with second metal photonic crystal spheres reflecting the green light. Polarizers; A blue color formed by separating a plurality of grids having a diameter of one-half the wavelength of blue light in a third region on the substrate and having a plurality of grids in which the third metal photonic crystal spheres reflecting the blue light in one direction are separated by the diameter of the third metal photonic crystal sphere Color polarizing plate comprising a polarizing unit. Upper and lower substrates opposed to each other; Thin film transistors formed in pixel areas on the upper substrate; Pixel electrodes electrically connected to each of the thin film transistors; A light blocking layer formed to cover each thin film transistor on the upper substrate; And A plurality of grids of metal photonic crystal spheres having a diameter of 1/2 of the predetermined wavelength in one direction to reflect light having a predetermined wavelength on a portion corresponding to the pixel region on the lower substrate; Reflective liquid crystal display device comprising a color polarizing plate spaced by a diameter. The method of claim 7, wherein The color polarizing plate includes first, second, and third regions reflecting red light, green light, and blue light, respectively. The method of claim 8, Reflective liquid crystal display device, characterized in that the metal light crystal spheres included in the grid in the first, second, and third regions are uniformly sized for each of the regions. The method of claim 7, wherein The grid is a reflection type liquid crystal display device, characterized in that the metal light crystal spheres are formed by stacking 5 to 10 layers. The method of claim 7, wherein Reflective liquid crystal display device, characterized in that to maintain the grid form by mixing the emulsion between the metal light crystal spheres in the grid. The method of claim 7, wherein The color polarizer is A plurality of grids each having a diameter of 1/2 of a red light wavelength in the first region on the lower substrate and having first metal photonic crystal spheres reflecting the red light in one direction, spaced apart from the diameter of the first metal photonic crystal sphere A red polarizer; A plurality of grids having a diameter of 1/2 of a green light wavelength in the second region on the lower substrate and formed with second metal photonic crystal spheres reflecting the green light in one direction are spaced apart from the diameter of the second metal photonic crystal sphere. Green polarizer; A plurality of grids each having a diameter of 1/2 of a blue light wavelength in the third region on the lower substrate and having third metal photonic crystal spheres reflecting the blue light in one direction, spaced apart from the diameter of the third metal photonic crystal sphere Reflective liquid crystal display device comprising a green polarizer. Upper and lower substrates opposed to each other; The plurality of grids formed with metal photonic crystal spheres having a diameter of 1/2 of the predetermined wavelength in one direction so as to reflect light of a predetermined wavelength for each pixel region on the lower substrate are formed by spaced apart from the diameter of the metal photonic crystal sphere. Color polarizers; A planarization layer planarizing a surface of the lower substrate including the color polarizer; Thin film transistors formed in the pixel area on the planarization layer; A pixel electrode electrically connected to each of the thin film transistors; And And a light blocking layer formed to cover each thin film transistor on the upper substrate. The method of claim 13, The color polarizer is A plurality of grids each having a diameter of 1/2 of a red light wavelength in the first region on the lower substrate and having first metal photonic crystal spheres reflecting the red light in one direction, spaced apart from the diameter of the first metal photonic crystal sphere A red polarizer; A plurality of grids having a diameter of 1/2 of a green light wavelength in the second region on the lower substrate and formed with second metal photonic crystal spheres reflecting the green light in one direction are spaced apart from the diameter of the second metal photonic crystal sphere. Green polarizer; Green polarization formed by separating a plurality of grids having a diameter of 1/2 of a blue light wavelength in the third region on the lower substrate and having a plurality of grids of third metal photonic crystal spheres reflecting the blue light in one direction from the diameter of the third crystal sphere. Reflective liquid crystal display device comprising a portion.